高中英语-宾语从句详解
高中宾语从句讲解

高中宾语从句讲解高中宾语从句讲解高中语法学习中,宾语从句是一个非常重要的知识点。
理解和掌握宾语从句的结构和用法对于学生提高语言表达能力和阅读理解能力都具有重要意义。
本文将详细介绍高中宾语从句的定义、结构、语序以及一些常见的宾语从句类型和使用技巧,帮助学生更好地理解和运用宾语从句。
一、宾语从句的定义和结构宾语从句是用作及物动词、介词的宾语、形容词的补足语或者名词性从句的一种,它由一个引导词和一个主语和谓语组成。
宾语从句通常放在及物动词的后面,介词的后面,形容词和名词的后面。
宾语从句分为两个主要类型:陈述句宾语从句和疑问句宾语从句。
陈述句宾语从句直接陈述一个事实或者认为某事是真实的;疑问句宾语从句则用来提出疑问、征询意见或者请求解释。
宾语从句的结构如下:1. 引导词 + 陈述句,例如:I know that he is a student.(我知道他是个学生。
)2. 引导词 + 陈述句(疑问词引导),例如:Can you tell me where he is?(你能告诉我他在哪里吗?)3. 引导词 + 陈述句(连接代词引导),例如:I wonder which book he is reading.(我想知道他在读哪一本书。
)4. 引导词 + 陈述句(连接副词引导),例如:I don't knowwhen he will come back.(我不知道他什么时候回来。
)二、宾语从句的语序和时态1. 宾语从句中的语序:宾语从句的语序与陈述句相同,即主语在前,谓语在后。
例如:I know that he is a student.(我知道他是个学生。
)2. 宾语从句中的时态:宾语从句的时态与引导宾语从句的动词的时态有关。
如果引导宾语从句的主句动词是现在时态,那么宾语从句的时态可根据需要使用各种时态。
例如:I hope you will come to my birthday party.(我希望你能来参加我的生日聚会。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句与表语从句的区别

高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句与表语从句的区别宾语从句和表语从句是英语语法中两个重要的从句类型。
尽管它们在形式和用法上有些相似,但它们之间存在着明显的区别。
本文将对宾语从句和表语从句进行详细归纳和比较分析。
宾语从句(Object Clauses)宾语从句是一个句子,被用作主句中的宾语。
它通常回答了主句中的动词或介词所问的疑问。
通常有三种类型的宾语从句:陈述句型、疑问句型和祈使句型。
以下是宾语从句的特点和用法:1. 宾语从句常常由连接词引导,如that、whether、if等。
例句:He asked me whether I had finished my homework.2. 宾语从句中的谓语动词常按照陈述句的语序来构造,即主语+谓语(不需要使用助动词do/does/did)。
例句:She told us that she was going to study abroad.3. 宾语从句不加标点符号与主句隔开。
例句:I don't know if I can attend the party.4. 宾语从句可以出现在动词宾语的位置,也可以出现在介词宾语的位置。
例句:I believe that he is telling the truth.They are discussing whether to go on a trip.表语从句(Predicate Nomination Clauses)表语从句用来说明主语的身份、状态、特点等,并与系动词(如be、seem、appear等)连用,充当系动词的宾语。
以下是表语从句的特点和用法:1. 表语从句通常由连接词引导,如that、whether等。
例句:His dream is that he becomes a successful businessman.2. 表语从句中的谓语动词与主从句的主语保持一致。
例句:The problem is that we have run out of time.3. 表语从句不加标点符号与主句隔开。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的特殊情况

高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的特殊情况宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,它承担着作为主句谓语动词的宾语的功能。
在高中英语学习中,宾语从句有一些特殊情况需要注意。
本文将对这些特殊情况进行归纳总结,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用宾语从句。
一、宾语从句的引导词在宾语从句中,引导词起着承上启下的作用。
常见的宾语从句引导词包括:that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which等。
1. 用that作为引导词that在宾语从句中是最常见的引导词,用于引导陈述句、疑问句和感叹句,可以用来引导人、物、事情等各种宾语从句。
例如:He said that he would come to the party.(他说他会来参加派对。
)I'm not sure whether/if she can pass the exam.(我不确定她是否能通过考试。
)2. 用whether或if作为引导词whether和if可用于引导宾语从句,表示“是否”。
两者可以互换使用,没有实质性的区别。
例如:I don't know whether/if he is telling the truth.(我不知道他是否在说真话。
)请注意:当宾语从句中含有或不含有动词时,一般使用whether;而当宾语从句中含有动词时,只能使用if。
3. 用who, whom, whose和which作为引导词who, whom, whose和which常用于引导宾语从句,分别表示人、人(宾格)、所有格和物。
例如:She asked who would be the winner.(她问谁会是胜利者。
)The teacher doesn't know whom we will choose as the monitor.(老师不知道我们将选择谁作为班长。
)二、宾语从句的时态和语序宾语从句的时态和语序要根据主句的要求进行调整。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的用法总结

高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的用法总结宾语从句是英语语法中的重要部分,常常用于复合句中作为主句的宾语。
在高中英语学习中,掌握宾语从句的用法对于提升语言表达能力至关重要。
本文将对宾语从句的用法进行总结。
一、宾语从句的定义及基本结构宾语从句是一个完整的句子,可以在复合句中作为主句的宾语。
它通常由连接词引导,例如:that, if, whether等。
宾语从句的基本结构如下:主语 + 不及物动词 + 从句(例如:I know [that he is coming.])二、宾语从句的动词要求1. 动词要求+宾语从句一些动词后必须跟宾语从句,例如:think, believe, know, suppose, expect等。
例如:- I believe [that he is right.]- She knows [if they have arrived.]2. 动词要求+不定式/动名词/名词+宾语从句一些动词后可以跟宾语从句,也可以跟不定式/动名词/名词,但含义有所区别,例如:decide, want, promise, hope等。
- He decided [to go] home.- We decided [that we would go] home.三、宾语从句的连接词1. 连接词thatthat是最常用的宾语从句引导词,通常可以省略。
一般在口语中,特别是在陈述句中,that经常省略,而在疑问句和感叹句中则不省略。
例如:- I know [that she is busy.] (that可以省略)- Do you know [if she is busy?] (不能省略)2. 连接词if/whetherif和whether都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,常用于宾语从句中的疑问句。
例如:- She asked [whether he would come] or not.- I wonder [if it will rain] tomorrow.3. 连接词连接宾语从句中的时间、地点等状语一些连接词可以引导宾语从句,表示时间、地点等状语关系,例如:when, where, why等。
高考英语语法:宾语从句与状语从句解析

高考英语语法:宾语从句与状语从句解析在高考英语中,语法的掌握至关重要,而宾语从句和状语从句作为其中的重要部分,常常让同学们感到困惑。
接下来,咱们就一起来深入了解一下这两种从句。
一、宾语从句(一)宾语从句的定义宾语从句是在复合句中充当宾语的句子。
简单来说,就是一个句子在另一个句子中作宾语。
比如:“I know that he is a good student” (“that he is a good student”就是宾语从句)(二)宾语从句的引导词1、 that :在大多数情况下,that 引导宾语从句时在从句中不充当成分,没有实际意义,口语中常常省略。
例如:“He said (that) he was very busy”2、 if / whether :表示“是否”,在从句中不充当成分。
比如:“I don't know if /whether he will come”但要注意,在以下情况中只能用 whether :(1)与 or not 连用。
如:“I don't know whether he will come or not”(2)在介词之后。
如:“It depends on whether it will rain”(3)在动词不定式之前。
如:“I haven't decided whether to go there”3、特殊疑问词:what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, why, how 等,在从句中充当一定的成分,有具体的含义。
例如:“Can you tell me what you are doing?”(三)宾语从句的时态1、主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用各种时态。
例如:“He says he is a teacher” (从句用一般现在时)“He says he was ill yesterday” (从句用一般过去时)2、主句是一般过去时,从句使用相应的过去时态。
高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的引导词和结构

高中英语知识点归纳宾语从句的引导词和结构宾语从句作为英语语法中的一个重要部分,常常用于复合句的构建中。
它充当主句中的宾语,由引导词引导,可以说是英语学习中不可或缺的一部分。
本文将从引导词和结构两个方面,对高中英语宾语从句的知识点进行归纳。
一、引导词1. 连接词that宾语从句中,连接词that是最常见的引导词之一。
它可以引导陈述句、疑问句和感叹句作为宾语从句出现。
示例:I know that he is a doctor.(我知道他是医生。
)Do you think that she will come?(你认为她会来吗?)How strange that he didn't recognize me!(他竟然没有认出我,真奇怪!)2. 连接代词连接代词在宾语从句中可以替代特定的名词,并引导宾语从句。
示例:I don't know who is coming to the party.(我不知道是谁要来参加派对。
)Can you tell me which book you like best?(你能告诉我你最喜欢哪本书吗?)They are discussing whose idea is better.(他们在讨论谁的想法更好。
)3. 连接副词连接副词在宾语从句中起着副词的作用,表示时间、地点、原因等,并引导宾语从句。
示例:I will do my homework when I finish watching TV.(我会在看完电视后做作业。
)Please show me where the nearest hospital is.(请告诉我最近的医院在哪里。
)He couldn't understand why she was angry with him.(他不明白她为什么对他生气。
)二、结构1. 主语+谓语+that从句在句型中,that从句作为宾语从句出现在主语和谓语之间,通常用于表达说、认为、知道等动词后。
高中宾语从句讲解

高中宾语从句讲解高中宾语从句讲解宾语从句是一个句子,作为宾语出现在主句中,用来对主句中的动词或介词提供完整的信息。
宾语从句在句子中的位置可以是及物动词或介词的宾语位置,也可以是不及物动词后面的宾语补语位置。
宾语从句通常由连词引导,常见的引导词包括that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, which, what, when, where, why, how等。
其中,whether和if引导的宾语从句在形式上没有区别,不过whether一般用在词组中。
宾语从句有以下几种类型:1.陈述句型宾语从句陈述句型宾语从句用来陈述或揭示事实,表达肯定、否定、疑问等情况。
例如:- He said (that) he would come back later. (他说他会稍后回来。
)- I don't know (whether) he passed the exam or not. (我不知道他是否通过了考试。
)2.一般疑问句型宾语从句一般疑问句型宾语从句用来提出疑问,需要用疑问词引导。
例如:- Do you know what time it is? (你知道现在几点吗?) - Can you tell me where she lives? (你能告诉我她住在哪里吗?)3.特殊疑问句型宾语从句特殊疑问句型宾语从句也用来提出疑问,但是疑问词有限定的范围。
例如:- I wonder who invited them to the party. (我想知道是谁邀请他们参加聚会的。
)- Could you please tell me how many students are in the class? (请你告诉我班上有多少学生好吗?)4.感叹句型宾语从句感叹句型宾语从句用来表达惊讶、钦佩、赞叹等情感。
例如:- I can't believe what I just saw! (我简直无法相信刚才看到的!)- It's amazing how fast she can run! (她跑得如此之快,太令人惊讶了!)需要注意的是,宾语从句的时态和语序要根据主句的要求进行调整。
高中宾语从句讲解

高中宾语从句讲解宾语从句是一个句子,在主句中充当宾语的角色。
在高中英语中,宾语从句是一个重要的语法结构。
宾语从句通常包括一个引导词(如that、if、whether等)和一个句子。
宾语从句的引导词:1. that:当宾语从句是陈述句时,通常可以使用that引导。
例如:- She sd that she was tired.2. if或whether:当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,可用if或whether引导。
例如:- He asked if/whether I wanted to go with him.3. 疑问词:宾语从句中有时需要用到疑问词,如:who, what, when, where, why等。
例如:- Do you know what time the trn arrives?宾语从句的语序:宾语从句的语序要注意保持一致,也就是说,如果主句是陈述句,从句通常也是陈述句;如果主句是疑问句,从句通常也是疑问句。
例如:- He asked if she had seen the movie. (主句是疑问句,从句也要用陈述语序)- She sd that she would arrive late. (主句是陈述句,从句也要用陈述语序)需要注意的是,在宾语从句中,主句的动词通常是表示说/告诉/问等的动词,而引导词要根据主句的情况选择适当的引导词。
总结起来,宾语从句就是一个句子,在主句中作为宾语,并由引导词引导。
在使用宾语从句时,要注意主句和从句的语序一致,并选择适当的引导词。
理解和掌握宾语从句的用法,对于高中英语的学习非常重要。
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宾语从句详解1、概述用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句的位置与陈述句基本结构中的宾语相同.宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语, 也可以作介词和非谓语动词(动词不定式、动名词、分词)和某些形容词的宾语.宾语从句可以由从属连词that whether if, 关系代词what, who, whose, which和关系副词when、where、how、why等引导.He said he wanted to go to town. 他说他想去城里.I hope you'll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来.I’m so glad that you were able to come to this party.你能设法抽空出席这个交际会, 我很高兴.I know nothing about it except what I have read in the papers.除了在报上读到的以外,我对这件事一无所知.Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班.He asked me whether she was coming. 他问我, 她来还是不来.2、作动词宾语(1)由从属连词that引导的宾语从句.that引导宾语从句时, 只起引导词作用, 在句中不做成分, 在口语和非正式文体中常省去.I think (that) he'll be right in a few days.我认为他几天后就会好的.I wish (that) she would understand me.我希望她理解我.(2)由关系代词what, who, whose, which引导的宾语从句, 在句中作成分, 即主语、宾语、表语和定语, 关系代词在句中不能省略.A computer can only do what you have instructed it to do.计算机只能按人的指令去做.Do you know whom they are waiting for?你知道他们在等谁吗?He asked whose dictionary it was.他问这是谁的字典.He can't tell which method they will use for the experiment.他不能断定他们会用哪一种方法做实验.(3)关系副词when, where, how, why等引导宾语从句.关系副词 when, where, how, why 既有疑问意义, 又起连接作用, 而且在宾语从句中充当各种状语, 分别表时间、地点、方式、原因.在句中不能省略.Please tell me when we shall discuss our plan.请告诉我我们将何时讨论计划.I don't know where we are going to have the meeting.我不知道我们将在哪里开会.Will you tell me how I can get to the station?你能告诉我如何能到车站吗?Do you know why he said that?你知道他为什么说那件事吗?I remember when this used to be a quiet village.我记得这里曾经是一个僻静的村庄.(4)由从属连词whether或if引导的宾语从句.I wonder whether (if) daughters are valued as much as sons in the countryside.我想知道在农村女儿是否和儿子一样受到重视.I don't know whether (if) you are willing to help me.我不知道你是否愿意帮我.注意:whether 和if的区别.(5)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句.动词如:advise, ask, inform, promise, question, remind, show, teach, tell, warn等, 宾语从句前可以有一个间接宾语, 这个宾语有时可以省略, 有的不能省略.He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.他已经通知我们将什么时候讨论我的建议.(me不可省略)She promised (us) that she would give us more help later on.她答应以后给我们更多的帮助.(us可省略)3、作介词宾语It depends on whether he is coming or not.这要看他是否会来.I was curious as to what we could do next.我想知道下一步我们该做什么.注意:that引导的宾语从句只在in, but, except, besides等少数介词后作宾语, 形成固定搭配, in that在于(因为), but that要不是(只是), except that除了…….The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.所得税过高是有害的, 因为它可能使人不愿多赚钱.His paper is perfect except that there were some misprints.除了一些印刷错误之外, 这篇论文很好.4、作形容词宾语.No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.谁也不知道一百万年后人类会变成什么样子.I am not certain whether I have met him before.我不能肯定从前是否见过他.I'm sorry (that) you're ill.你病了, 我很难过.注意:that引导的从句在下列形容词后面作宾语, that可以省略anxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content, proud等.I'm sure (that) he'll help you.我确信他会帮助你.I'm glad (that)he has passed the exam.我很高兴, 他考试及格了.5、it充当形式宾语, 真正的宾语---宾语从句后置.正如我们常用it充当形式主语代替主语从句一样, 我们也常用it用作形式宾语代替宾语从句,把真正的宾语从句后置.特别是带复合宾语的句子中.在这种结构中that不可省略.有下列几种情况:(1)believe, consider, declare, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess,hear, imagine, know, make,prove, reckon, think, understand 等动词接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)时, 要用it作形式宾语. We find it difficult that we should finish the work on time.我发现我们按时完成工作有困难. She thinks it wrong that he didn't answer the phone.她认为他不接电话是不对的.(2)在like, enjoy, love,hate,take 等表喜怒哀乐的动词, 后若要跟宾语从句, 需跟形式宾语 it.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我不喜欢人们满口饭说话.I like it that everyone passed the exam.都通过了考试我很喜欢.(3)由动词和介词构成的短语动词后接 that 宾语从句时, 要用形式宾语.We are thinking of it that we'll lend you some money.我正在考虑借给你钱的事.I shall see to it that he is taken good care of when you are absent.你不在的时候我负责把他照顾好.(4)用于“动词+宾语+介词短语”的句型中.Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten o’cloc k.要记住你得十点钟之前回家.We took it for granted that he would come.我们认为他来是当然的.6、不可直接跟that从句的动词.下列动词不可直接接that从句:ask, refuse, let, like, cause, force, condemn, admire, celebrate, entreat, dislike, overlook, love, hel p, take, forgive, bid, hate, hear(听见), see(看见), want(想要)等, 但可用it, the fact做媒介, 后接that从句;或接动名词、不定式.He overlooked it that he had made another mistake.(对) 他忽视了一件事, 他又犯了一个错误. He overlooked the fact that he had made another mistake. (对)He overlooked that he had made another mistake.(错)I admire it that they won the match. (对)I admire the fact that they won the match. (对) 我很羡慕, 他们赢得了比赛.I admire that they won the match. (错)7、that引导宾语从句的省略.(1)主句谓语动词是agree, argue, hold, learn, maintain, observe, contend, conceive, reckon, remark, state, suggest, assume, announce, calculate, indicate等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that一般不可省略;主句谓语动词是hear, know, say, see, confess consider, declare, understand, propose等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略, 也可以不省略;主句谓语动词是think, suppose, believe, presume, dare say等时, 其后宾语从句的引导词that可以省略.He suggested that we should set off at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.他建议我们明天早晨8点走.(that不可省略)I think (that) this is very important.我认为这很重要.(that可省略)(2)当一个句子很复杂, 句中有多个状语时, that不可省略;或者一个句子有多个并列的宾语从句时, 特别第一个宾语从句特别长, 后面的宾语从句的that不可省略;谓语动词与that 从句之间有插入语时, that不可省去.He said you needn't worry and that he would help you .他说你没有必要着急, 他会帮助你的.(said之后可省去that, 但第二个that不可省去)We decide, as he has suggested, that we will start out tomorrow.就像他建议的那样, 我们决定明天动身.8、否定转移与省略(1)如果主句的谓语动词是“think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等, 主语是第一人称的一般现在时态, 其后的宾语从句如含有否定意义, 一定要把否定词一道主句谓语上, 从句谓语动词用肯定形式.I don’t think he can do it better than me.我想他不会比我干得好.I don’t believe he treated the child like that.我相信他不会那样对待孩子的.(2)如果think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等前有副词或表示强调的do, does, did;或者同其它词构成并列谓语;或者不以现在时出现;或者用作插入语中.这时候不用否定转移.I really expect she didn’t say that to him.我确实希望她不和他说那件事.I think and hope that he won’t be deceived by the man.我认为也希望他不会被那个人欺骗. (3)think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, reckon, imagine等此类动词后, 在简略答语中, 用 so 替代前文肯定的宾语从句;若替代一个否定的宾语从句, 用 not 或not…so替代前文整个从句.-I believe we've met somewhere before.我认为我们从前在哪见过.-No, I don't think so.没有, 我认为我们以前没见过.-Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?你认为这周末会下雨吗?-I believe not.我认为不会.注意:hope 只能说 I hope not 一种形式, 因为 hope 不能否定转移.9、时态的呼应与语序.在宾语从句中只能用陈述句语序, 时态呼应上要遵循以下三条原则:(1)如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时, 宾语从句的谓语可根据意思的需要使用任何一种时态.Can you make sure where Alice has put the gold ring?你能确定爱丽丝把金戒指放到什么地方了吗?They have no idea at all where he has gone.他们一点也不知道他去了哪.Do you know who he was talking with at eight last night?你知道他昨晚和谁一起说话吗?(2)如果主句谓语是一般过去时, 宾语从句要用表示过去的某一时态.He said he would come to see us the next day.他说他明天将来看我们.I wanted to know whether he had been to Beijing.我想知道他是否去过北京.(3)如果宾语从句是表示客观事实、真理等, 不管主句是什么时态, 宾语从句一律用一般现在时.Dick asked Lucy how old she is.迪克问露斯她多大了.The teacher said the sun rises in the east.老师说太阳从东方升起.要点一、宾语从句要点之时态的呼应1. 如果主句是一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时,宾语从句可根据情况使用各种时态.例如:I hear she is here today(she was here yesterday/she will be here tomorrow.)2. 如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句应使用过去时态的某种形式.例如:He said he was watching TV(he had swept thefloor/ he would play football after school).3. 如宾语从句所叙述的是客观事实、自然现象或科学真理等,从句不受主句时态限制,仍用一般现在时.例如:Our teacher told us that light travels fasterthan sound.二、宾语从句要点之引导词的使用1. 当宾语从句由陈述句变化而来时,用that来引导从句,that常无具体意义,一般可省略.例: Lin Tao thought (that)the TV play was veryboring.2. 当宾语从句是由一般疑问句变化而来时,要用if或whether来引导从句.例如:David asked his mother if/ whether she liked thedinner last night.3. 当宾语从句是由特殊疑问句变化而来时,原句中的疑问词充当连接代词(如who, whose, what, which)或连接副词(如when,where, why, how),引导宾语从句.例如:Do you know what we can do on the island?I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.三、宾语从句要点之语序的陈述化宾语从句一般要用陈述句语序.例如:Whe n did he leave? I want to know. →I want to know when he left.Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day?四、宾语从句要点之否定转移当主句的谓语动词为think, believe, suppose等动词,且主语为第一人称时,从句的否定要转移到主句上.例如:I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?。