国际商法专业词汇中英文对照(一)

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国际商法(InternationalCommericalLaw)名词解释

国际商法(InternationalCommericalLaw)名词解释

国际商法(InternationalCommericalLaw)名词解释国际商法International Commerical Law:是调整国际商事交易活动及规范国际商事组织的各种法律规范的总称。

独资企业Individual Proprietorship:所谓独资企业也指个人企业,是指一个人单独出资所建立的企业。

合伙企业partnership:是指两个或两个以上的人通过协议共同出资,合伙经营,共担风险的营利性组织,它是一个人和性的组织。

公司corporation:是指依法设立的以营利为目的的法人组织,它是一个资合性的组织。

合伙协议partnership contract:也就是合伙合同,是合伙企业成立的前提条件,没有合伙协议就不能产生合伙企业。

直接投票制straight voting:参加会议的普通的股东按照认购股份的份额每一股享有一票表决权,而优先股股东没有表决权。

累积投票accumulative voting:股东享有表决权数以其所持有的股票数乘以应选董事的人数来计算,股东可以把自己享有的所有表决权投到一个候选者名下。

解散dissolution:公司的解散是指依照公司章程或法律规定的事由发生而消灭的法律行为,也称公司法人人格的消失。

有限责任公司limited liability:是指股东仅以其出资对公司债务承担清偿责任,而公司以其全部财产对公司债务承担清偿责任。

股份有限公司publicly held corporation:全部资本划分为等额的股份,股东以其认购的股份为限对公司债务承担责任。

公司章程articles of corporation:是有限责任公司的股东或股份有限公司的发起人制定的关于公司的组织和行为的基本规则的法律文件。

要约offer:又称“报价”或“发盘”。

凡向一个或一个以上特定的人提出的订立合同的建议,如果其内容十分确定,并且表明要约人有在其要约一旦得到承诺就将受其约束的意思表示,即构成要约。

国际经济法专业术语中英文互译

国际经济法专业术语中英文互译

国际经济法专业术语中英文互译1. EXW工厂交货(指定地点)2. FCA:货交承运人(指定地点)3. FAS:船边交货(指定装运港)4. FOB:船上交货(指定装运港)5. CFR::成本加运费(指定目的港6. CIF::成本、保险加运费(指定目的港)7. CPT;:运费付至(指定目的地)8. DAF:边境交货(指定地点)9. DES::目的港船上交货(指定目的港)10. DEQ;目的港码头交货(指定目的港11. DDU:未完税交货(指定目的地)12. DDP:完税交货(指定目的地)13. Offer::要约14. Offer or;:要约人;报价人;发盘人15. Offeree:受要约人;接盘人,受盘人;被发价人16. Invitation for offer:要约邀请;发盘邀请17. Subject to our final confirmation:需经我方最后确认18. Cross offer:交叉发盘;交叉报价;交错报价;交叉发价19. Withdrawal:要约的撤回20. Revocability::发价的撤销21. Counter-offer;还价;还盘;反要约22. Acceptance:接受;接纳;承兑;赞同23. Mail box rule:投递生效原则24. Receive of the letter of acceptance rule:到达生效原则25. Late acceptance::迟到的承诺; 逾期承诺26. Identified to the contract:将货物特定化;将货物划定在该项合同项下(将货物划作履行某一合同的标的)27. Shipping documents;装运单据;货运单据;船运单据28. Sale by description;凭文字说明买卖29. Sale by sample:凭样品买卖30. Fundamental breach of contract根本违约;重大违约31. Anticipatory breach先期违约32. Specific performance实际履行33. Breach of condition违反条件条款34. Breach of warranty违反担保条款35. Unconditionally appropriated to the contract无条件地划拨于合同项下36. Reserve the right of disposal保留对货物的处分权37. To the order of the seller or his agent:以卖方或其代理人的名字为抬头的提单;凭卖方或其代理人指示的提单38. Sale on approval::试销;试用买卖39. Floating cargo::在途货物;水运途中的货物40. Quality to be considered as being about equal to the sample符合样品凭规格、等级或标准买卖41. Sales by specification, grade or standard凭规格、等级或标准买卖42. Fair average quality符合通常目的;中等品;良好平均品质(国际上买卖农副产品时常用此标准)43. Sales by brand of trade mark44. More or less clause溢短装条款;或多或少条款45. Bulk cargo:散装货46. Nude cargo裸散货,裸装货,裸包装47. Gross for net:以毛重作净重,以毛作净48. US $500 Per M/T CIF New York每吨500美元,CIF(到岸价)纽约49. Fixed price定价;标价;固定价格50. Sliding-scale按滑动费率支付专利权税51. Time of shipment装运时间,装船时间52. Time of delivery交货时间,交付时间53. Advice of shipment:装运通知,装船通知54. Insurance to be effected by the buyer保险由买方办理55. Inspection and claim clause检查与索赔条款56. Upon arrival of port of destination到达目的港后57. After discharge of the goods at the port of destination到达目的港卸货后58. Inspection certificate of quality质量检验证书;品质检验证书59. Inspection certificate of weight:重量检验证书60. Sanitary inspection certificate卫生检验证书61. Veterinary inspection certificate兽医检验证书;动物检疫证书62. Plant quarantine certification植物( 病虫害)检疫证明63. Force majeure clause不可抗力条款64. Arbitration仲裁,公断65. Bill of lading提单66. Charter-party:租船合同67. Gencon航次租船合同68. Baltime巴尔的摩定期租船合同69. Prima facie evidence:初步证据70. Conclusive evidence绝对证据;最后证据;决定性证据71. Shipped or on board bill of lading已装船提单72. Received for shipment B/L备运提单;收货待运提单73. Clean B/L清洁提单74. Claused B/L, or Foul B/L不清洁提单75. Letter of Indemnity保函;保证书76. Open B/L, Bearer B/L不记名提单;77. Oder b/L指示提单78. Direct B/L:直达提单79. Ocean through B/L:海上联运提单80. Liner B/L:班轮提单81. Charter B/L:租船提单82. Negotiable quality:流通性;可转让性83. Assignor:转让人;出让人84. Assignee:受让人;代理人;受托人85. Endorsement in blank :空白背书;不记名背书86. Special endorsement:记名背书87. Due diligence:特别背书应有的谨慎;应有的注意88. Seaworthiness 船舶适航89. Cargoworthiness 适货90. Latent defect 潜在缺陷91. From tackle to tackle 钩到钩92. Deviation 绕行93. Voyage Charter 航次租船94. Time charter 定期租船合同95. Charter by demise 光船租船96. Laytime 装卸时间97. Demurrage 滞期费98. Dispatch money 速遣费99. Lien 留置权100. Trading limits 航区限制101. Chartered period 特许期限102. Employment and indemnity雇用及赔偿(条款)103. Payment of hire 租金104. Off hire 停租105. Air consignment 航空托运106. Air waybill 航空货运单107. Successive carriers 连续承运人108. Actrual carrier 实际承运人109. International multimodal transport 国际多式联运110. Container 集装箱111. Uniform liability principle统一赔偿责任原则112. Network liability principle网状责任制113. Insurable interest 保险利益114. Disclosure of material facts 重要事实披露115. Material representation116. insurance policy 保险单117. Accidents 意外事故118. Total loss 全损119. Partial loss 部分损失120. General average 共同海损121. Particular average 单独海损122. Actual total loss 实际全损123. Constructive total loss 推定全损124. Sue and labor expenses 施救费用125. Salvage charge 救助费用126. Free from particular average (FPA) 平安险127. With particular average (WPA) 水渍险128. All risks 一切险129. Subrogation 代位130. Abandonment 委付131. Export credits guarantee 出口信贷担保132. Negotiable instruments可转让票据133. Predecessor 前手134. Promissory note 本票135. Draft 汇票136. Drawer 出票人137. Drawee 付款人138. Payee 收款人139. Issue 出票140. Sight bill 即期汇票141. After sight 见票后付款142. Without recourse 无追索权143. Presentment 出示144. Acceptance of draft 承兑汇票145. Dishonour 拒付146. Protest拒绝证书147. Notary public 公证人148. Collection 托收149. Principal 委托方150. Remitting bank 托收行151. Collecting bank 代收行152. Remittance letter 汇款书153. Document against payment (D/P) 付款交单154. Document against payment sight 即期付款交单155. Document against payment after sight远期付款交单156. Documents against acceptance (D/A) 承兑交单。

国际商法的名词解释

国际商法的名词解释

国际商法的名词解释国际商法是指涉及跨国贸易和国际商业活动的法律体系和规则。

随着全球化趋势的加强,国际商法在国际贸易中扮演着重要的角色。

本文将对一些与国际商法相关的重要名词进行解释,以帮助读者更好地理解这一领域的法律术语。

1. 国际商法 (International Commercial Law)国际商法是指用于调节跨国贸易、国际商事合作和国际经济关系的法律规则和原则的集合。

它包括国内法和国际公约,如国际商事合同、国际货物销售合同、国际货物运输合同等。

国际商法的目的是为全球贸易和投资提供稳定、公平和可预测的法律环境。

2.公约 (Convention)公约是一种国际协议,其签署国同意以共同规则和原则调整特定领域的国际行为。

例如,联合国国际货物销售合同公约(CISG)是由77个国家签署的公约,旨在调整跨国货物销售合同的相关事项。

公约的签署国必须遵守其规定,并将其纳入其国内法律体系。

3.仲裁 (Arbitration)仲裁是一种解决国际商事争议的替代性争议解决方法。

当合同或协议中包含有关仲裁条款时,当事人可以选择将争议提交给仲裁机构处理,而不是通过诉讼解决。

仲裁的优点包括效率高、专业性强、适用于跨国争议等。

4.合同 (Contract)合同是双方或多方之间达成的法律协议,规定了各方之间的权利和义务。

在国际商法中,合同是贸易和商业活动的核心。

合同通常包括商品的描述、价格、交付条件、付款方式等重要条款。

当事人应当遵守合同约定的规则,否则可能会导致违约或诉讼等后果。

5.知识产权 (Intellectual Property)知识产权是指人们对于创造性劳动的成果所享有的专有权利。

这包括专利、商标、著作权和商业秘密等。

在国际商法中,知识产权保护是重要的议题。

为了鼓励创新和提供合理的竞争环境,国际组织制定了多项协议和公约,旨在确保知识产权的有效保护和使用。

6.适用法 (Applicable Law)适用法是指在国际商事争议中用于确定适用的法律。

(完整版)国际商法专业词汇中英文对照

(完整版)国际商法专业词汇中英文对照

国际商法专业词汇中英文对照A Note on the Incoterms(国际贸易术语通则解释)Absolute Advantage(亚当.斯密的绝对优势理论)Acceptance with Modifications(对邀约做出修改、变更的承诺)Acceptance(承诺/受盘)Act of State Doctrine(国家行为主义)Act of the Parties (当事人的行为)Administrative Management (经营管理)Advising and Confirming Letters of Credit(信用证的通知和确认)Agent for International Settlements(国际结算代理人)Agreement of the Parties(协议选择原则)Agriculture(农业协定)Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR解决方式)Anticipatory Breach in Common Law (普通法上预期违约)Antidumping Authority(反倾销机构)Applicability of the CISG (CISG的适用范围)Application of Home State Labor LawsExtraterritorially(内国劳工法律域外适用)Applying for a Letter of Credit(信用证的申请)Approval of Foreign Investment Applications(外国投资申请的批准)Arbitrage(套汇)Arbitration Agreement and Arbitration Clauses(仲裁协议和合同中的仲裁条款)Arbitration Tribunals(仲裁机构)Artistic Property Agreements(保护文学艺术作品的协定)Artistic Property Agreements(文学艺术品产权协定)Assignment(合同权利转让)Attorney-General(法律总顾问)Automatic Dissolution (自动散伙)Average Clauses(海损条款)Avoidance(解除)Bank Deposits(银行储蓄)Bases of Income Taxation(所得税的征税依据/基础)Battle of the Forms(形式上的分歧/冲突)Bills of Lading (提单)Branch Banking(银行的分支机构)Business Form and Registered Capital (企业形式和注册资本)Business Forms(商业组织形式)Buyer's Remedies(买方可以采取的救济措施)Carriage of Goods by Air(航空货物运输)Carriage of Goods by Sea and Marine CargoInsurance(海上货物运输及其保险)Carrier's Duties under a Bill of Lading(在提单运输方式下承运人的责任/义务)Carrier's Immunities(承运人责任/义务的豁免)Cartels (企业联合/卡特尔)Categories of Investment Projects (外国投资的项目类别)Charterparties (租船合同)Charterparties by Demise (光船出租合同)China's Fundamental Policies for Encouraging Foreign Investments(中国大陆鼓励外国投资的基本政策)Choosing the Governing Law(准据法的选择)CIF (cost, insurance and freight) (port ofdestination) (CIF成本\保险费加运费付至指定的目的港)Civil Law (民法法系)Clearance and Settlement Procedures(交换和转让程序)Collection of Documentary Bills Through Banks(银行跟单托收)Commercial Arbitration (国际商事仲裁)Commodity Arrangements(初级产品/农产品安排)Common Enterprise Liability(企业的一般责任)Common Law (普通法系)Common Procedures in Handling Bills ofExchange (汇票处理的一般程序) Common Stock (股票)Company Taxpayers(公司/法人企业纳税人)Comparative Advantage(大卫.李嘉图的比较优势理论)Comparison of Municipal Legal Systems(内国法系的比较研究)Compensation for Winding up (清算补偿)Comprehensive Agreements (综合性的协定)Compulsory Licenses(强制许可)Computation of Income(收入计算)Conformity of Goods(与合同约定相符合的货物)Consent to the Jurisdiction of the Host State(给予东道国管辖权的许可/同意)Consideration in Common Law(英美法上的对价)Contemporary International Trade Law(当代国际贸易法)Contract Law for the International Sale ofGoods(国际货物销售合同法)Contract Liability of the Agent (代理人的合同义务)Contract Liability of the Principal (委托人的合同义务)Contractual Issues Excluded from the Coverageof CISG(排除在CISG适用范围之外的合同问题)Copyrights (著作权/版权)Council for Trade-Related Aspects ofIntellectual Property Rights(与知识产权有关的理事会)Coverage of Tax Treaties(税收条约的覆盖范围)Creation of Agency (代理创立)Creditors of Partners(合伙人的债权人)Currency Crises: The Role of Monetary Policy(金融危机:货币政策的作用与地位)Currency Exchange Obligations of IMF MemberStates(国际货币基金组织成员国在外汇交易中的义务)Currency Exchange(外汇交易)Currency Support(资金/财政援助)Custom(习惯)Customs Valuation(海关估价协定)Debt Securities (债券)Decision Making within the WTO(WTO内部决定作出机制)Deficiencies in the GATT 1947 Dispute Process(关税及贸易总协定1947争端解决程序的不足)Definite Sum of Money or Monetary Unit ofAccount(确定货币的总额或者计价的货币单位)Definition and Special Features(定义和特征)Delayed Bills of Lading(提单迟延)Denial of Justice(司法不公)Development Banks (发展银行)Direct Effect(直接效力)Direct Exporting(直接出口)Directors' and Officer's Duties to theCorporation(董事和经理/首席执行官对公司的义务)Dispute Settlement(争端的解决)Dissolution by Agreement (协议解散)Dissolution by Court Order (依法院令状散伙)Dissolution of the Partnership (散伙)Distribution of Earnings and Recovery ofInvestments (收入分配和投资回收)Distribution to Shareholders (红利分配权)Doctrine of Imputability (归责原则)Documentary Formalities(文本格式要求)Double Taxation Provision(双重征税的规定)Double Taxation(双重征税)Duress (胁迫行为)Duties of Agent and Principal (代理人和委托人的义务)Duties of Agent to Principal (委托人的义务)Duties of Principal to Agent (代理人、的义务)Duty of Care in Partnership Business(对合伙事务尽心看护义务)Duty of Loyalty and Good Faith (忠诚和诚信义务)Effectiveness of an Offer(邀约/发盘的效力)Employment Laws in the European Union(欧洲联盟雇佣/劳工法)Employment Standards of the Organization forEconomic Cooperation and Development(经济合作与发展组织雇佣/劳工标准)Enforcement of Exchange Control Regulationsof IMF Member States(国际货币基金组织成员国对外汇交易管理规则的履行)Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in thePeople's Republic of China (在中华人民共和国境内外国仲裁裁决的执行)Enforcement of Foreign Judgment (外国法院判决的执行)Enforcement of Partnership Rights andLiabilities(执行合伙事务的权利和责任)Enforcement of Securities RegulationsInternationally(国际证券规则的执行)Environmental Regulation(环境规则)Escape Clause(免责条款)Euro-currency Deposits(欧洲货币储蓄)European Communities - Regime for theImportation, Sale, and Distribution of Bananas(欧洲共同体对于香蕉的进口、销售和分销的管理) European Union Law on Trade in Services(欧洲联盟关于服务贸易的法律) Exceptio non Adimpleti Contractus in CivilLaw (大陆法上履行契约之抗辩权)Exceptions(例外)Exclusive Licenses(独占许可)Excuses for Non-performance (不履行的免责)Excuses for Nonperformance(不履行合同的抗辩/借口)Exemptions for New Members from IMF MemberState Currency Exchange Obligations(国际货币基金组织新成员国在外汇交易中义务的免除) Export Restrictions (出口限制)Exporting(出口)Expropriation(征收)Extraterritorial Application of U. S.Securities Laws(美国证券法域外的适用问题)Failure to Exhaust remedies(没有用尽法律救济)Fault and Causation(过错和因果关系)Finance Ministry(财政部)Finance of International Trade(国际贸易的结算/支付)Financing Foreign Trade(对外贸易的价金支付)FOB (free on hoard) (port of shipment)(FOB装运港船上交货)Force Majeure Clauses (不可抗力条款)Foreign Investment Guarantees(外国投资的担保)Foreign Investment Laws and Codes(外国投资法)Formal and Informal Application Process(正式和非正式申请程序)Formation of the Contract(合同的成立)Forsed Endorsements(虚假背书)Fraud Exception in Letters of CreditTransaction (信用证交易的欺诈例外) Frauds on Bills of Lading(提单欺诈)Fraudulent Misrepresentation(受欺诈的误解)Free Zones(保税区/自由贸易区)Fundamental Breach(根本违约)GATS Schedules of Specific Commitments(服务贸易总协定减让表中的特别承诺)General Agreement on Trade in Services (服务贸易总协定)General Requirements and Rights of the Holderin Due Course(票据持有人的一般要求和权利)General Standards of Performance(履行的一般标准)Geographic Limitations(地区限制)Government Controls over Trade (政府对贸易的管制)Government Guarantees(政府担保)Governmental Interest(政府利益原则)Governmental Sources of Capital(官方资金)Grant Back Provisions(回授的规定)Home state Regulation of MultinationalEnterprises(本国对跨国企业的管理)Host State Regulation of MultinationalEnterprises(东道国对跨国企业的管理)Illegality and Incompetency(行为不合法性与主体不适当资格的认定)IMF "Conditionality"(国际货币基金组织的制约性)IMF Facilities(国际货币基金组织的机制)IMF Operations(国际货币基金组织的运作)IMF Quotas(国际货币基金的份额)Immunities of States from the Jurisdiction ofMunicipal Courts(国家豁免于内国法院的管辖权)Import-Licensing Procedures(进口许可证程序协定)Income Categories(收入分类)Income Tax Rates(所得税税率)Income Taxes(所得税)Independence Principles and Rule of StrictCompliance (信用证独立原则和单证严格相符规则)Indirect Exporting(间接出口)Industrial Property Agreements (保护工业产权的协定)。

国际商法 全套课件(英文)607页PPT

国际商法 全套课件(英文)607页PPT
• 4. The Development and Tendency of Modern International Business Law
• On the one hand, after the Second World War the rapid development of the world economy made the contact of each country more frequently. This made it necessary that a set of uniform international law regulating the relationship of international economy and trade should be made.
international commercial law, refers to the body of legal rules and norms that regulates international trade and international business organizations. • 2. The meaning of “International” • A commercial transaction is international if: • (1) the parties have their places of business in different States or Countries;
• 9.rule of law: 法治。
• 10. legal doctrines: 法律理论。
• 11.legal validity: 法律效力。
I. Definition of International Business Law

国际商事交易法单词

国际商事交易法单词

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followedsynallagmatic对双方都有约束力的,双务的undertaking许诺,同意in it the seeds of根据,原由define定义,规定stated规定statute法规条例cancellation clause撤销条款limited有限,限制seldom很少,不常exhaustively用尽一切地marine insurance海上保险bills of lading提单bills of exchange汇票evidenceParliament议会,国会metaphors隐喻amount toa very broad meaninga missing life preserver 一个失踪的救生用品ranging from分类为typeahead of timeissueundoubtedly确实地,毋庸置疑地sufficientsufficientlyadequately充分地,足够地to the root充分地,完全地,认真地certainty is crucial确实重要alarm警报,警告Element成分,要素delay element延期原由factual事实的,真实的Actual真实的,实际的truly真实地afford to承担Soon after不久后load装载,装货anticipatory breach 先期违约,预期违约market fluctuation 市价涨落Consideration对价Introduction介绍,采用detriment损害,伤害to be bound受约束liberty自由,许可In response作为响应,作为回答incurring招致,遭受therebythereforethusimposing给人深刻印象的be present出现,出席imposes强加abstain抑制,放弃,避免refrain避免,制止retire退休lifetime一生的,终身的pension津贴,退休金,抚恤金Non-economic detriment 非经济损失suffice使满足abstaining from戒除alcohol酒精tobacco烟草serve as充当executor遗嘱执行人estate财产,房地产,不动产Repay偿还,回报complaindistribute分配,分开Entire完全的,全部的entirely完全地,彻底地intangible benefit无形利益obviousmaintenance保持,维修provided that倘若prove证明looked after In summary总之adequateAdequacy足够,适当irrelevant不相干的consistent with坚持indeed的确,确实slight轻微的negligible微不足道的disparity不等,不相称mispresentation虚报duress强迫,监禁fraud欺骗willingful actignorance无知,愚昧coercionPeppercorn consideration 象征性对价Creation产物,创造void无效的valid有效的binding有约束力的struggling company negative消极的liabilities债务,负债exceed超过assets资产take over接受接管assume its liabilities as well as its assetsestablish建立在conceal隐藏,隐瞒specificconcrete具体的,有形的referred to被提及sum金额nominal名义上的Insolvency破产Companies ActInsolvency Actillusory虚假的commit委托Discretionary任意的disretionary promise自由承诺debtpre-existing debtat one stage 在一个阶段reimburse偿还,赔偿compensation补偿,报酬plaintiffpurely仅仅,只不过moral道义上的Exceptions免责条款Moral obligations紧急代理 (agent of necessity) 海上救助 (salvage) Emergency紧急情况,突发事件Contrary相反的,对立的natural justice正常司法institute制定proceedings议程,行动is conscious意识到的compromise妥协,和解forbearance忍耐,自制,宽容unfounded没有事实根据的derived得到advantage利益,有利条件conduct行为fraudulentdeserted被遗弃的desertionwages工资properdepart离开,出发compel强迫Revocation取消,废除,撤回responsible可靠的,负责的,有责任的demurrageat port of discharge extent范围,程度as a result of violence 暴力threat恐吓pressure压迫unlawful非法的induce引起available有效的defense of duress强制防护modify修改overcomesoverborne压服shareholding股权removed远离的abusing certain privileges 滥用特权resign辞职signing签署due to the threats应付sought to试图set aside驳回,撤销innocent party无过失方realised实现truck交易under compulsion被迫地unwillingly不情愿地genuine真实的,真正的justified有正当理由的,合乎情理的demands要求,需求commit致力于,委托offence犯罪is excused获得同意submit服从identified识别,鉴定,辨认Illegitimacy of the pressure 不法压迫Compulsion of the will强迫意愿absence of choice无选择tortuous conduct扭曲的表现funds资金client客户cancelled取消,解约consequence结果disastrous损失惨重的reputation名誉,名声exposed暴露,揭露defaulted拖欠detain拘留arrest监禁,逮捕ignored不顾pleaded辩护established确定的demanded from向要求charter特许,许可illegitimatedeafeat挫败rescission of the contract取消illegalityMistakeassist帮助conduct实施affront有意冒犯conscience道德心plaintiffgrant同意,允许appear似乎formation形成regulation条例registered注册的,登记的brokers经纪人agentsconfirming确定a commission basiss基本委任any contravention of these terms违反governed管理supply contract供应合同commission contract 委托合同public policy国家政策renewal更新procuring取得exerting influence 施加影响commission委任状,佣金,委员会inter alia其中contended主张,争论consequently因此,结果militate against对产生不利影响Evasion of statute 规避法律Intentional tort故意侵权行为severance分离,区别false statement虚假声明inducing引起disclosuresilence Representation表现,陈述misrepresentation 失实陈述,虚报correctly claimantestimate估计,判断capacity容量transaction交易transfer of title 财产转移went bankrupt破产rescission取消,废除forecast预测预报prohibition禁令,禁止rescind解除,废除essential基本的,必要的false欺诈地deceit欺骗precautions预防措施Mutual mistake相互的Unilateral immediately Material effect method appropriate适当的imposed欺骗allocate分配unconscionable不合理的,不正当的faultpreserve维持binding有约束力的prevail获胜certainaccept Construction bids 建筑物投标errorforced强迫awardespecially reformation改善。

国际商法术语中英文对照

国际商法术语中英文对照

国际商法术语中英文对照章一、国际贸易法概述国际贸易法International Trade Law国际贸易惯例International Trade Usages or Practices国际商业惯例International Business Practices联合国国际贸易法委员会United Nations Commission on International Trade Law(UNCITRAL)国际统一私法协会International Institute for the Unification of Private Law(UNIDROIT)国际海事组织International Maritime Organization (IMO)遵循先例Stare Decisis判决依据Ratio Decidendi章二、国际货物买卖合同制度联合国国际货物销售合同公约United Nations Convention for Contracts onInternational Sale of Goods (CISG)国际货物销售统一法公约Convention relating to a Uniform Law onthe International Sale of Goods (ULIS)国际货物销售合同成立统一法公约Convention relating to a Uniform Law on the Formation of Contract for the International Sale of Goods (ULF)要约邀请Invitation to offer要约Offer承诺Acceptance要约的撤回Withdrawal of offer要约的撤销Revocation of offer货物相符Conformity of the goods与通常用途相符Fitness for ordinary purpose与特定用途相符Fitness for particular purpose根本违反合同Fundamental breach of contract 预期违约Anticipatory breach of contract分批交货合同Installment contract宣告合同无效Declare the avoidance of contract 收取货物Take delivery of the goods风险转移Passing of risks损害赔偿Damages减轻损失义务Mitigation of damages免责Exemptions非能控制的障碍Impediment beyond control章三、国际贸易惯例贸易术语Trade usage贸易习惯做法Trade practice托运人Shipper交货Delivery费用Charges查对Checking检验Inspection所在地Premise清关Clearance码头作业费Terminal Handling Charges, THC章四、国际货物运输和运输保险制度海运提单Ocean Bill of Lading租船合同Charter Party海上货物运输Carriage of Goods by Sea 航空货物运输Carriage of Goods by Air 铁路货物运输Carriage of Goods by Rail 多式联运Multimodal Transportation 海牙—维斯比规则The Hague- Visby Rules 汉堡规则Hamburg Rules华沙公约Warsaw Convention海牙议定书The Hague Protocol蒙特利尔公约Montreal Convention多式联运Multimodal Transport保险单Policy实际全损Actual Total Loss推定全损Constructive Total Loss共同海损General Average单独海损Particular Average委付Abandonment代位求偿权Subrogation协会货物条款Institute Cargo Clauses章五、国际贸易支付和融资制度汇票Bills of Exchange / Draft跟单托收Documentary Collection付款交单Documentary Against Payment 承兑交单Documentary Against Acceptance 托收委托书Remittance Letter提示Presentation拒付Dishnour承兑Acceptance信托收据Trust Receipt, T / R。

国际商务专业词汇(中英文对照)

国际商务专业词汇(中英文对照)

1.全球化世界贸易组织:(World Trade Organization)国际货币基金组织:(International Monetary Fund)《关税及贸易总协定》:(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade)世界银行:(World Bank)国际贸易:(international trade)对外直接投资:(foreign direct investment)对外直接投资存量:(stock of foreign direct investment)外国企业:(multinational enterprise)国际企业:(international business)2.政治经济中的国家差异政治经济:(political economy)政治体制:(political system)集体主义:(collectivism)社会主义者:(socialists)共产主义者:(communists)社会民主主义者:(social democrats)私有化:(privatization)个人主义:(individualism)民主:(democracy)极权:(totalitarianism)市场经济:(maeket economy)计划经济:(command economy)法律体系:(legal system)普通法:(common law)大陆法:(civil law system)宗教法:(theocratic law system)合同法:(contract law)财产权:(property rights)私下行为:(private action)公共行为:(public action)《反海外腐败法》:(Foreign Corrupt Practices Act)知识产权:(intellectual property)专利:(patent)版权:(copyrights)商标:(trademarks)产品安全法:(product safety laws)产品责任:(product liability)3.政治经济和经济发展人均国民收入:(gross national income)购买力平价:(purchasing power parity)人文发展指数:(Human Development Index)创新:(innovation)创业者:(entrepreneurs)放松管制:(deregulation)第一进入者优势:(first-mover advantages)后进者优势:(late-mover disadvantages)政治风险:(political risk)经济风险:(economic risk)4.文化差异跨文化知识能力:(cross-cultural literacy)价值观:(values)准则:(norms)社会:(society)社会习惯:(folkways)道德准则:(ethics)社会结构:(social structure)群体:(group)社会阶层:(social strata)社会流动性:(social mobility)等级制度:(caste system)阶级制度:(class system)阶级意识:(class consciousness)宗教:(religion)伦理体系:(ethical systems)关系:(relationship)联系:(connection)权利距离:(power distance)个人主义:(individualism versus)集体主义:(collectivism)不确定性规避:(uncertainty avoidance)男性主义和女性主义:(masculinity versus femininity)儒家动力:(confucian dynamism)种族中心主义:(ethnocentrism)5.国际商务伦理商业伦理:(business ethics)伦理策略:(ethics strategy)社会责任:(socisl responsibility)伦理困境:(ethical dilemmas)组织文化:(organizayion cultural)文化相对论:(cultural relativism)道德论者:(righteous moralist)非道德论者:(native immoralist)实用主义伦理:(utilitarian approaches)权利理论:(rights theories)公正分配:(just distribution)无知之幕:(veil of ignorance)道德公约:(code of ethics)利益相关者:(stakeholders)6.国际贸易理论自由贸易:(free trade)新贸易理论:(nwe trade theory)重商主义:(mercantilism)零和博弈:(zero-sum game)绝对优势:(absolute advantage)规模报酬率:(constant returns to specialization)要素禀赋:(factor endowments)规模经济:(economies of scale)国际收支账户:(balance-of-payments accounts)经常账户:(current account)经常账户赤字盈余:(current account deficit surplus)资本账户:(capital account)金融账户:(financial account)7.国际贸易中的政治经济自由贸易:(free trade)关税:(tariff)从量税:(specific tariffs)从价税:(ad valorem tariffs)补贴:(subsidy)进口配额:(import quota)关税配额:(tariff rate quota)自愿出口限制:(voluntary export restraint)配额租金:(quota rent)国产化规定:(local content requirement)行政管理贸易政策:(administrative trade policies)倾销:(dumping)反倾销政策:(antidumping policies)抵消性关税:(counter vailing duties)幼稚工业论:(infant industry argument)战略贸易政策:(strategic trade policy)8.国际直接投资新设投资:(greenfield invsetment)流量:(flow of FDI)存量:(stock of FDI)对外直接投资:(outflows of FDI)外来直接投资:(inflows of FDI)固定资本形成总额:(gross fixed capital formation)折中理论:(eclectic paradigm)出口:(exporting)技术授权:(licensing)内部化理论:(internalization theory)不完善理论:(market imperfections approach)寡头垄断行业:(oligopoly)多点竞争:(multipoint competition)区位优势:(location-specific advantages)外部性:(externalities)国际收支账户:(balance-of-payments accounts)经常项目:(current account)离岸生产:(offshore production)9.区域经济一体化区域经济一体化:(regional economic integration)自由贸易区:(free trade area)关税同盟:(customs union)共同市场:(common market)经济联盟:(economic union)政治联盟:(political union)贸易创造:(trade creation)贸易转移:(trade diversion)执行董事会:(executive board)监管董事会:(governing council)最优货币区:(optional currency area)10.外汇市场外汇市场:(foreign exchange market)汇率:(exchange rate)外汇风险:(foreign exchange risk)外汇投机:(currency speculation)套息交易:(carry trade)即期汇率:(spot exchange rate)远期外汇:(forward exchange)远期汇率:(forward exchange rate)掉期:(currency swap)套汇:(arbitrage)载体货币:(vehicle currency)一价定律:(law of one price)效率市场:(efficient market)应用材料:(applied materials)费雪效应:(Fisher effect)跟风效应:(bandwagon effect)效率市场:(efficient market)无效市场:(inefficient market)自由兑换:(freely convertible)对外可兑换:(externally convertible)不可兑换:(nonconvertible)资本外逃:(capital flight)对等贸易:(counter trade)交易风险:(transaction exposure)折算风险:(translation exposure)经济风险:(economic exposure)提前策略:(lead strategy)错后策略:(lag strategy)11.国际货币体系国际货币体系:(international monetary system)浮动汇率:(floating exchange rate)盯住汇率:(pegged exchange rate)管理浮动:(dirty float)固定汇率:(fixed exchange rate)金本位制度:(gold standard)黄金平价:(gold par value)贸易收支平衡:(balance-of-trade equilibrium)管理浮动制度:(managed-float system)货币局制度:(currency board)货币危机:(currency crisis)银行危机:(banking crisis)外债危机:(foreign debt crisis)裙带资本主义:(crony capitalism)道德风险:(moral hazard)12.全球资本市场共享方差:(shared variance)对冲基金:(hedge funds)游资:(hot money)耐心货币:(patient money)外国债券:(foreign bonds)13.国际企业的战略战略:(strategy)盈利能力:(profitability)投资资本收益率:(ROIC)利润增长:(profit growth)价值创造:(value creation)运营:(operations)核心竞争力:(core competence)区位经济:(location economies)全球网络:(global web)经验曲线:(experience curve)学习效应:(learning effects)规模经济:(economies of scale)普遍需要:(universal needs)全球标准化战略:(global standardization strategy)本土化战略:(localization strategy)跨国战略:(transnational strategy)国际战略:(international strategy)14.国际企业的组织组织构架:(organizational architecture)组织结构:(organizational structure)控制系统:(control systems)奖励:(incentives)流程:(processes)组织文化:(organizational culture)垂直差异化:(vertical differentiation)水平差异化:(horizontal differentiation)建立整合机构:(integrating mechanisms)国际分部:(intermational division)世界范围的地区结构:(worldwide area structure)世界范围的产品分部:(worldwide product division structure)全球矩阵结构:(global matrix structure)知识网络:(knowledge network)个人控制:(personal control)行政组织结构:(bureaucratic control)产出控制:(output control)文化控制:(cultural control)绩效模糊:(performance ambiguity)15.进入战略和战略联盟战略联盟:(strategic alliance)私营部门债务:(private-sector debt)进入时机:(timing of entry)先入者优势:(first-mover advantages)开拓成本:(pioneering costs)交钥匙工程:(turnkey project)技术授权协议:(licensing agreement)技术授权协议:(cross-licensing agreement)特许经营:(franchising)合资企业:(joint venture)全资子公司:(wholly owned subsidiary)16.出口、进口和对等贸易出口管理公司:(export management company)信用证:(letter of credit)汇票:(draft)即期汇票:(sight draft)远期汇票:(time draft)提单:(bill of lading)进出口银行:(Export-Import-Bank)对等贸易:(counter trade)易货贸易:(barter)互购:(counter purchase)抵销:(offset)转手贸易:(switch trading)回购:(buy back)从价关税:(ad valorem tariff)委托代销:(consignment)禁运:(embargo)全球配额:(global quota)无形贸易壁垒:(invisible barriers to trade)信用证:(letter of credit)重商主义:(mercantilism)201条款:(section 201)17.全球生产、外包与物流生产:(production)物流:(cogistics)全面质量管理:(total quality management)六西格玛:(six sigma)最小效率规模:(minimum efficient scale)柔性制造技术:(flexible manufacturing technology)精益生产:(lean production)大规模定制:(mass customization)柔性机器单元:(flexible machine cells)价值重量:(value-to-weight)全球学习:(global learning)来源决策:(make-or-buy decisions)专业化资产:(specialized asset)动态能力:(dynamic capabilities)即时存货:(just-in-time)电子数据交换:(electronic data inferchange) 18.全球营销与开发营销组合:(marketing)市场细分:(market segmentation)集中零售体系:(concentrated retail system)分散零售体系:(fragmented retail system)渠道长度:(channel length)独占性的分销渠道:(exclusive distribution channel)渠道质量:(channel quality)源效应:(source effects)原产国效应:(country of orign effects)噪声:(noisy)推策略:(push strategy)拉策略:(pull strategy)需求价格弹性:(price elasticity of demand)富有弹性:(elastic)缺乏弹性:(inelastic)策略性定价:(strategic pricing)掠夺性定价:(predatory pricing)多点定价:(multipoint pricing)经验曲线定价:(experience curve pricing) 19.全球人力资源管理人力资源管理:(human resource management)外派经理:(expatriate manager)人员配备政策:(staffing policy)企业文化:(corporate culture)外派人员:(expatriates)内派人员:(inpatriates)外派失败:(expatriate failure)自我倾向:(self-orientation)他人倾向:(others-orientation)感知能力:(perceptual ability)文化刚性:(cultural thoughness)20.国际企业会计和财务会计准则:(accounting standards)审计准则:(auditing standards)内部远期汇率:(internal forward rate)货币管理:(money management)交易成本:(transaction costs)双边净额:(bilateral netting)多边净额:(multilateral)税收抵免:(tax credit)税收条款:(tax treaty)延期准则:(deferral principle)避税港:(tax havens)特许权使用费:(royalties)转移价格:(transfer price)弗罗廷贷款:(fronting loan)。

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国际商法专业词汇中英文对照(一)
A Note on the Incoterms(国际贸易术语通则解释)
Absolute Advantage(亚当.斯密的绝对优势理论)
Acceptance with Modifications(对邀约做出修改、变更的承诺)
Acceptance(承诺/受盘)
Act of State Doctrine(国家行为主义)
Act of the Parties (当事人的行为)
Administrative Management (经营管理)
Advising and Confirming Letters of Credit(信用证的通知和确认)
Agent for International Settlements(国际结算代理人)
Agreement of the Parties(协议选择原则)
Agriculture(农业协定)
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR解决方式)
Anticipatory Breach in Common Law (普通法上预期违约)
Antidumping Authority(反倾销机构)
Applicability of the CISG (CISG的适用范围)
Application of Home State Labor Laws Extraterritorially(内国劳工法律域外适用)
Applying for a Letter of Credit(信用证的申请)
Approval of Foreign Investment Applications(外国投资申请的批准)
Arbitrage(套汇)
Arbitration Agreement and Arbitration Clauses (仲裁协议和合同中的仲裁条款)
Arbitration Tribunals(仲裁机构)
Artistic Property Agreements(保护文学艺术作品的协定)
Artistic Property Agreements(文学艺术品产权协定)Assignment(合同权利转让)
Attorney-General(法律总顾问)
Automatic Dissolution (自动散伙)
Average Clauses(海损条款)
Avoidance(解除)
Bank Deposits(银行储蓄)
Bases of Income Taxation(所得税的征税依据/基础)Battle of the Forms(形式上的分歧/冲突)
Bills of Lading (提单)
Branch Banking(银行的分支机构)
Business Form and Registered Capital (企业形式和注册资本)
Business Forms(商业组织形式)
Buyer's Remedies(买方可以采取的救济措施)
Carriage of Goods by Air(航空货物运输)
Carriage of Goods by Sea and Marine Cargo Insurance(海上货物运输及其保险)
Carrier's Duties under a Bill of Lading(在提单运输方式下承运人的责任/义务)
Carrier's Immunities(承运人责任/义务的豁免)
Cartels (企业联合/卡特尔)
Categories of Investment Projects (外国投资的项目类别)
Charterparties (租船合同)
Charterparties by Demise (光船出租合同)
China's Fundamental Policies for Encouraging Foreign Investments (中国大陆鼓励外国投资的基本政策)Choosing the Governing Law(准据法的选择)
CIF (cost, insurance and freight) (port of destination) (CIF成本\保险费加运费付至指定的目的港)
Civil Law (民法法系)
Clearance and Settlement Procedures(交换和转让程序)
Collection of Documentary Bills Through Banks(银行跟单托收)
Commercial Arbitration (国际商事仲裁)
Commodity Arrangements(初级产品/农产品安排)
Common Enterprise Liability(企业的一般责任)
Common Law (普通法系)
Common Procedures in Handling Bills of Exchange (汇票处理的一般程序)
Common Stock (股票)
Company Taxpayers(公司/法人企业纳税人)
Comparative Advantage(大卫.李嘉图的比较优势理论) Comparison of Municipal Legal Systems(内国法系的比较研究)
Compensation for Winding up (清算补偿)。

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