管理类联考英语二翻译专题

管理类联考英语二翻译专题

英语二的英译汉部分所选的短文集中在社会经济类，专业性不是很强。占15分。翻译方法多样，一般要综合使用。如增词法、减词法、转换法、分译与合译、反译法等。

一．定语从句与同位语从句的翻译

§定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词的从句叫做定语从句。该从句在句中作adj,起定语的作用。

基本结构：先行词（即被修饰的名词）+关系词（如who,whose,that,which,as,when,why,where。Whom等）+从句

非限制性定语从句：先行词和定语从句，用逗号隔开，对先行词作补充性叙述和说明。

翻译方法：前置法、分译法、状译法

例题演练：

1.前置法：从句较短时，常将定语从句译成带‘的’的定语词组，放在先行词之前。Eg:An education that aims at getting students a certain kind of job is a vocational education.

Eg:The sun,which had hidden all day,now came out in all its splendor. Exercise:Furthermore,humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live,thus subjecting all other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. 2.分译法：如果定语从句过长，可以提出来单独译成一个句子放在主句之后。

这种译法往往要重复，有时可在先行词之前加指示词“这”、“这些”或人称代词“他”、“他们”等等，来使译文明确。

Eg:In short,the scientific revolution,as we call it,was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.

Eg:The United States had long been known as a“melting pot”,because many of its people are descended from settlers who came from all over the world to make their homes in the new land.

Exercise:The time is not far away when modern communications will become widespread in china’s vast countryside.

3.状译法：当定语从句与先行词的定语作用关系不密切，反而是在意义上与主句有逻辑状语关系，对主句起原因、结果、目的、条件、让步等状语作用，此时要把定语从句翻译成状语。“以便，为了···”“由于，因为···”“所以，结果···”

“如果，万一···”“尽管，即使···”

Eg：In offices,figures,lists and information are compiled which tell the managers or heads of the business what is happening in their shops or factories.

Exercise:Rockets perform best in space,where there is no atmosphere to impede their motion.

Eg:There is no such a person as will do anything for you for free.The reason why you failed is your arrogance and selfness.

◇非限制性定语从句：按原文语序翻译即可。

Eg:The American Stock Exchange has more than1,500members,most of whom represent brokerage houses involved in buying and selling stocks for the public.

Exercise:We now live in a very new economy,a service economy,,where relationships are becoming more important than physical products.

Eg:Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.

§同位语从句：一般由that引导，补充说明前面的某一名词。

基本结构：先行词（即被补充说明的名词）+that+从句。先行词一般是fact/theory/question/conclusion/news/law/evidence/proof等词。

翻译方法：顺译法、分译法。翻译时，可增加‘即、这样、这、冒号、破折号’等字眼。

例题演练：

1.顺译法

Eg:It is scarcely surprising,then,that education systems have for several decades past been severely criticized,partly on the ground that education prepares people to live in an already outdated society.

Exercise:We demanded a guarantee that no similar incident would occur again.

2.翻译时，可增加‘即、这样、这、对此、冒号、破折号’等字眼，根据情况把同