英语习语翻译
英语习语翻译方法
英语习语翻译方法英语翻译习语方法一：直译法纸老虎利用直译法后，英语翻译成paper tiger,在外国人看来明义而又传神，直至逐渐被英美接受留用。
作为英语翻译中的中国人，直译的代表作kung fu，也由于中国的世界影响力，早早成为正式的英美民族语言。
英语翻译习语方法二：同义习语借用法在英语翻译前后，两种语言无论内容形式，表达情感都存在部分习语存在类似的比喻。
在英语翻译时，我们往往直接借用，如walls have ears与隔墙有耳，虽存在差异，但字义巧妙吻合，令借用后的英语翻译相得益彰。
英语翻译习语方法三：意译法意译法能处理在英语翻译中无法直译与借用状况下的原稿，典型的落花流水一词，由于表示一败涂地之意，而被英语翻译为to bi shattered to pieces，便是如此。
英语翻译习语方法四：省略法汉语中存在着四字习语两两对偶的情形，一般的英语翻译处理法会让译文显得杂糅重复，此时，省略法就发挥了功效。
如街谈巷议一词，简单的意味street gossip即可，英语翻译前后虽省略了一个词义，但却完全正确自然。
英语翻译习语方法五：增加法有了省略法，自有增加法。
在英语翻译中，汉语往往简略后能让国人明义，而英语则必须要增加说明，顺合外国人对英语翻译的习惯。
如树倒猢狲散译为Once the tree falls, the monkeys on it will flee helter-skelter中的helter-skelter便是利用增加法，起到调和英语翻译的作用。
2翻译英文文章技巧拿到一篇英文，首先要略读一下，来确定文章风格。
如果是抒情式的必须要将文章翻译得优美一些。
如果是科技文章，则语言必须要偏向专业和精简风格。
要多读相关材料来熟悉所写的内容。
一篇文章都会有自身的主题，要围绕主题多读一些相关的文章，这样在翻译当中才会使用更加合适的词汇、语句。
要注意英语单词对应的语义。
英语单词在翻译成汉语会有不同的意思。
常用习语英语翻译
常用习语英语翻译1. Miss the boat错失良机They ll miss the boat if they don t hurry.如果他们不快点儿，就会错过机会了。
2.Kill two birds with one stone一箭双雕We always emphasize to kill two birds with one stone when we learn new thing.我们在学习新知识时经常强调一举两得的方法。
3.Add insult to injury雪上加霜Further work by Seiffert s team appears to add insult to injury.塞弗特团队的进一步研究更是雪上加霜。
4.Best of both worlds两全其美Some approaches allow you to get the best of both worlds.有些方法可以帮你取得两全其美的结果。
5.Cat nap打瞌睡I had a cat nap after lunch.午饭后我小憩了一会儿。
6.Bark up the wrong tree攻击错了目标I think the police are barking up the wrong tree.我认为警察弄错了目标。
7.Bed of roses称心如意的生活Without financial security, married life is no bed of roses.没有经济基础作保障，婚后生活不会幸福。
8. A bitter pill不能不做的苦事That s going to be a bitter pill for her to swallow.这对她来说一定很难接受。
9.Bite off more than one can chew心有余而力不足Don t bite off more than you can chew and keep your goal a manageable one.不要制定要求过高的计划，使你的目标可付诸实践。
英语习语的翻译
To wash one’s hand
“金盆洗手” 或 “洗手不干” 错! “推卸责任” 或 “断绝关系” 对!
五、英语习语中值得注意的问题
4. 准确理解英语习语, 弄清褒贬之分
It’s an ill wind that blows nobody good “天下无绝对的坏事” 或 “有弊也有利” 看似贬义, 其实是褒义. Birds of a feather flock together “物以类聚” “一丘之貉”
软硬兼施 赚钱养家 糊口 奉承，恭维
小菜一碟
精力充沛
be in apple-pie appleorder Butter would not melt in her mouth. One man’s meat is another man’s poison.
井井有条
装得清白无辜 一本正经
后悔已晚 与某人 有争论 插手， 干预
Hang on somebody’s sleeve To rain cats and dogs Hit the nail on the head A fly on the wheel
To miss the 依赖某人 boat 任某人做主
下倾盆 大雨
In a pig’s eyes
说得中肯， To the tune of 说得中肯， 一语道破 自高自大 的人
扫兴的人 或东西 采取回避 政策
A soldier of fortune
兵痞
Have a bee in one’s bonnet ( 头饰) 头饰) Hang on somebody’s lops To have other fish to fry
胡思乱想
To soil the beans To work hand in glove with
英语写作中的习语、谚语
习语、谚语、俗语、诗句的翻译1．百花齐放，百家争鸣。
Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend．2．搬石头砸自己的脚。
Lifting a rock only to have his own toes squashed．3．宾至如归。
When the visitor arrives，it is as if returning home．4．不到黄河心不死。
Until all is over ambition never dies．5．不管三七二十一。
No matter what you may say．6．不入虎穴，焉得虎子。
How can one get tiger cubs even without entering the tiger's lair?7．趁热打铁。
Strike while the iron is hot．8．没有不带刺的玫瑰。
There’s no rose without a thorn．9．成则公侯败则寇。
People may become princes or thieves, depending on whether they’re successful or not.10．大智若愚。
He knows most who speaks least．11．但愿人长久，千里共婵娟。
We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight，even though miles apart．12．独立自主，自力更生。
To maintain independence and keep the initiative in our hands and rely on our own efforts．13．独木不成林。
英语习语翻译
第十九讲习语翻译Lecture 19 Idioms一、Idioms的定义：广义的idioms包括：1. set phrase短语，2. proverbs谚语，3. sayings俗语, 4. epigrams警句，5. slang俚语，6. colloquialisms 口语，7. quotations名言/语录，8. two-part allegorical sayings寓言9. allusions典故汉语中包括：1. 成语set phrases， 2. 谚语proverbs， 3. 俗语colloquialism, 4. 歇后语allegorical saying二、英语idioms的来源1．From the Bible圣经故事:1) Cast pearls before swine对牛弹琴；白费好意这个成语源自《新约。
马太福音》第7章：“Give not that which is holy unto the dogs,neither cast ye your pearls before swine,lest th ey trample them under their feet,and turn again and rend you”.2）Don’t you see the writing on the wall? 难道你没有看出大难临头了吗？（writing on the wall意为“不详之兆”，典出《旧约全书》）2. From the fables寓言故事:1) Veper and File出自《伊索寓言》，说的是一条蝰蛇（Viper）发现一把铁锉（File），以为是一顿美餐。
但铁锉说，它的天职是咬别人，而不是被别人咬。
后人借此比喻“骗人者反受人骗”，汉译时要作直译或意译处理。
2) kill the goose to get the eggs，源于希腊寓言，说的是曾有一个乡下人，因为发财心切杀死了自己饲养的那只能下金蛋的鹅，以为如此就可一次获得全部想象中的金块，但其结果一无所获。
汉语习语翻译英文
“知人知面不知心”•“You can know a man’s face but not his heart.”杨宪益•“Appearances certainly are deceptive!” Howks霍克斯•水中捞月•to catch the moon in the water /to make an impractical attempt•fish in the air;•cry for the moon;•plough the sands;• a wild goose chase•胸有成竹•直译：Before an artist can draw a bamboo, he must have the image in his mind •意译：to have a well-thought-out plan before doing sth.•意义相等的英语成语：to have a card up one’s sleeve剖腹藏珠Penny wise and pound foolish声东击西To shout in the east and strike in the west刻骨铭心To be engraved on one’s heart and bones眉飞色舞to beam with joy粗枝大叶To be crude and careless无孔不入To take advantage of every weakness竭泽而渔Kill the goose that lays the golden eggs打草惊蛇Wake a sleeping dog井底之蛙To be like a frog at the bottom of a well调虎离山To lure the tiger from the mountain口蜜腹剑To be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted纸醉金迷(a life of) luxury and dissipation开门见山To come straight to the point单枪匹马To be single-handed in doing sth大张旗鼓On a large and spectacular scale海阔天空(to talk) at random易如反掌As easy as falling off a log玩火自焚Try in one’s own grease挥金如土To spend money like water掌上明珠The apple of one’s eye对牛弹琴Cast pearls before swine守口如瓶Keep a still tongue in one’s head雪中送炭Help a lame dog over a title画蛇添足Paint the lily小题大做Make a mountain out of a molehill赴汤蹈火Go through fire and water洗心革面Turn over a new leaf七上八下At sixes and sevens横行霸道Throw one’s weight about大发雷霆Blow one’s top过河拆桥Kick down the ladder•左右为难Between the devil and the deep sea•进退维谷Stick in the mud•骑虎难下Between the horns of a dilemma•左支右绌Between two fires•不上不下In a fix dilemma/ quandary/ predicament•无所适从Hold a wolf by the ears莫衷一是• 1. An Apple of Discord 争斗之源；祸根• 2. the Heel of Achilles / the Achilles' Heel唯一弱点；薄弱环节；要害• 3. Helen of Troy• 4.The Trojan Horse木马计；暗藏的危险；奸细• 5.Greek Gift(s) 阴谋害人的礼物；黄鼠狼拜年，不安好心• 6. Win/Gain Laurels获得荣誉;赢得声望•7. Under the Rose秘密地; 私下得; 暗中•8.Adam's Apple喉结孟母三迁moving one’s home for the desired environment for the education of one’s children •邯郸学步to imitate awkwardly•班女之才talented•百步穿杨extremely good at shooting•伯乐相马as capable as Bo Le in discovering talents•东施效颦imitate awkwardly•负荆请罪making an active apology•惊弓之鸟a deadly frightened person•劳燕分飞be separated•杞人忧天groundless worry•绕梁三日(of a song) so excellent as to let the audience feel it lingering for a long time •塞翁失马a loss may turn out to be a blessing•相濡以沫to help each other in the time of need;•(of an aging couple or a couple in general) to help each other in their remaining life or life in general•一饭千金to cherish others’ kindness at heart and repay it•初生牛犊不怕虎•New-born calves make little of tigers•Young people are fearless•明枪易躲，暗箭难防It is easy to dodge a spear in the open, but hard to guard against an arrow shot from hiding.•城门失火，殃及池鱼A fire on the city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.•路遥知马力，日久见人心。
英语成语以及习语翻译
1)竭泽而渔to drain a pond to catch all the fish (相当于kill the goose that lays thegolden eggs)2) 打草惊蛇to stir up the grass and alert the snake (相当于wake a sleeping dog)3)易如反掌to be as easy as turning over one’s hand (相当于as easy as falling off a log)4) 玩火自焚to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself (相当于fry in one’s own grease)5）掌上明珠a pearl in the palm (相当于the apple of one’s eye)6)对牛弹琴to play the lute to a cow (相当于cast pearls before swine)7)守口如瓶to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle (相当于keep a still tongue in one’s head)8) 雪中送炭to send charcoal in snowy weather (相当于help a lame dog over a stile)9) 画蛇添足to draw a snake and add feet to it (相当于paint the lily)1) 声东击西to shout in the east and strike in the west 2) 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one’s heart and bones 3)井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well 4)调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain 5)口蜜腹剑to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 手忙脚乱in a frantic rush立竿见影get instant results1) 粗枝大叶: to be crude and careless 2) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness 3) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated 4) 灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious 5) 大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale 6) 海阔天空(to talk) at random7) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable 1) 毛遂自荐to volunteer one’s service 2) 叶公好龙professed love of what one really fears 3) 南柯一梦a fond dream or illusory joy 4) 四面楚歌to be besieged on all sides 5) 锱铢必较to haggle over every penny 6) 罄竹难书(of crime) too numerous to mention 7) 初出茅庐at the beginning of one’s career 8) 倾国倾城to be exceedingly beautiful 9) 悬梁刺股to be extremely hard-working in one’s study 10) 东施效颦crude imitation with ludicrous effect 赴汤蹈火go through fire and water七颠八倒at sixes and sevens滴水穿石constant dripping wears away the stone垂头丧气in low spirits杂乱无章out of order英雄所见略同Great minds think alike小题大做make a mountain out of a molehill洗心革面turn over a new leaf过河拆桥kick down the ladder乳臭未干be wet behind the ears，格格不入be like square pegs in round holes大发雷霆blow one’s top横行霸道throw one’s weight about物以类聚Birds of a feather flock together.一文不名without a penny to one’s name弱不禁风as weak as water山穷水尽at the end of one’s rope扬眉吐气to hold one’s head high君子协定 a gentleman’s agreement 滚石不生苔A rolling stone gathers no moss.吠犬不咬人A barking dog never bites.火中取栗pull the chestnuts out of the fire生动活泼lively 光辉灿烂brilliant植树造林afforestation 繁荣昌盛prosperous丰功伟绩great achievements风调雨顺good weather for the crops声嘶力竭to shout oneself hoarse 心灰意懒to feel disheartened 鸡皮疙瘩goose-flesh 天长地久as old as the hills质地优良to be excellent in quality / with superior quality品种齐全in complete range of articles选料考究choice material做工精细fine workmanship色泽鲜明bright-colored货到付款payment against arrival名牌产品name brand product驰名中外to be popular both at home and abroad久负盛名with a long standing reputation万古流芳will be remembered throughout the age名垂青史to go down in history家喻户晓to be widely known假冒产品fake goods伪劣产品low-quality goods欢迎订购order welcome投资热点investment hot spot敬请光临You’re invited to come.工业园区industrial Park经济特区special economic zone土地租赁land lease国有资产state assets无形资产intangible assets物价指数price-rise index开拓进取to work hard with a pioneering spirit德才兼备with both professional ability and political integrity公平竞争fair competition国家机关state agency 惩治腐败to combat corruption暂行条例interim regulations合法权益lawful right andinterest长治久安to maintain long-term stability1) 明枪易躲, 暗箭难防It is easy to dodge a spear in the open, but hard to guard against an arrow shot from hiding.2) 城门失火, 殃及池鱼a fire on city wall brings disaster to the fish in the moat.3) 路谣知马力,日久见人心.As a long road tests a horse’s strength, so a long task proves a person’s heart4) 初生牛犊不怕虎. New-born calves make little of tigers.5) 落井下石Hit a man when he is down.6) 天下乌鸦一般黑All crows are equally black.7) 秀才不出门，全知天下事。
一些中国习语的英语翻译
弄巧成拙 be too smart by half 强强联手 win-win co-operation 世上无难事只要肯攀登 /有志者事竟成 Where there is a will, there is a way. 塞翁失马焉知非福 Misfortune may be an actual blessing. 时不我待 Time and tide wait for no man.
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8、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。20 20年12 月15日 星期二 8时22 分50秒2 0:22:50 15 December 2020
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9、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自 强不息 。下午 8时22 分50秒 下午8时 22分20 :22:502 0.12.15
• 10、你要做多大的事情，就该承受多大的压力。12/15/
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6、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像 泥块一 样任意 揉捏。 2020年 12月15 日星期 二下午 8时22 分50秒2 0:22:50 20.12.1 5
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7、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我 。。20 20年12 月下午 8时22 分20.12. 1520:2 2December 15, 2020
拆东墙补西墙 rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新 ring out the old year and ring in the new 大开眼界 broaden one's horizon 好了伤疤忘了疼 once on shore, one prays no more 和气生财 Harmony brings wealth 活到老学到老 One is never too old to learn.
既往不咎 let bygones be bygones 脚踏实地 be down-to-earth 脚踩两只船 sit on the fence 留得青山在不怕没柴烧 Where there is life, there is hope. 谋事在人成事在天 Man proposes, God disposes.
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浅谈英语习语的翻译【摘要】习语在英语语言中占重要地位,因为不同的生活习惯和文化背景,我们很难翻译准确。
本文介绍了8种翻译习语的方法,它们分别是直译法、意译法、同义习语套用法、直译与意译结合法、直接套用汉语习语法、还原法、注译法、修辞法。
【关键词】习语文化背景翻译方法语言是文化的载体,习语又是语言的精华。
习语一词的含义甚广,一般指那些常用在一起,具有特定形式的词组,其蕴含的意义往往不能从词组中单个词的意思推测而得。
习语通常包括成语、俗语、格言、歇后语、谚语、俚语、行话……在英语学习的过程中,大家经常会遇到一些固定词语搭配,此类词语按照常规语义来翻译后,再联系上下文在意思上是行不通的。
在这种情况下,大家就要考虑到英语习语。
下面就简单的谈一下英语习语。
,具有浓厚的民族色彩和地方色彩。
但是人类的思维既有共性也有异性,这些都必然反映在语言上。
所以在将英语习语汉译时应考虑到原习语的文化背景、语言情景、以及译入语的语言习惯等多种因素,采取多种翻译方法进行翻译,力争做到“忠实、通顺”。
下面介绍几种主要的翻译方法:1.直译法,但作为一个整体,人们在感情、在对客观事物的感受及社会经历等方面会有相似之处,这就决定了英汉两种语言常常会用相同的习语来表达同样的内容,这些习语字面意义与隐含意义都相同或相似,传达的文化信息也是如此,能引起相同的联想。
所以在翻译此类习语时,只要不违背译入语的表达习惯,大都可以采取比较传神形象的直译法。
但应强调的是,直译法的应用必须以不会对译文语言引起错误联想或误解为前提。
例如:(1)sour grapes酸葡萄(2)to break the record打破记录(3)to show one’s cards摊牌 golden age黄金时代(4)kill two birds with one stone一石二鸟2.意译法于语言因素和文化因素的差异,能用保留原文形象的完全直译方法的英语习语,尤其是习语中的比喻,并不多见,这时就可以考虑采用意译法。
所谓意译法就是译文能正确表达原文的内容,但可以不拘泥于原文的形式。
born with a silver spoon in one’s mouth生长在富贵之家。
例如:(1)wet blanket令人扫兴(2)two heads are better than one人多智慧大(3)teach fish to swim班门弄斧(4)the re is no smoke without fire无风不起浪(5)drink like a fish牛饮3.同义习语套用法俗有所不同,他们在看待事物时会采取不同的角度, 所选的比喻也就不同,从而产生了许多与汉语习语喻义相同,而喻体各异的习语。
在翻译这类习语时, 可以利用其喻义相同的特点,采用同义习语套用法,这样不仅可以意义对等,还可给读者一种生动感、亲切感,有利于读者的理解。
例如:(1)better be the head of a dog than the tail of a lion.宁为鸡首,勿为牛后。
(2)when shepherds quarrel, the wolf has a winning game.鹬蚌相争,渔翁得利。
(3)a bird may be known by its song.文如其人容,形式等方面比较吻合,而且保持了习语固有的鲜明性、主动性,从而达到习语语义对等的效果。
4.直译与意译相结合法,然后需要采用意译的形式表现其内在的涵义。
例如:(1)to get blood for a stone石中取血不可能的事(2)a bull in a china shop公牛闯进瓷器店蛮不讲理(3)to make hay while the sun shines趁着天晴晒干草勿失良机(4)the old lady of threadneedle street穿线街老太太绰号穿线街老太太的英格兰银行5.直接套用汉语习语法,不同的民族由于人们对待事物的情感态度和社会经历相类似,也就必然会产生一些具有相同的意义和修辞色彩完全相同或大体相同的习语。
例如:(1)to praise to the skies捧上天去(2)to add fuel to the fire火上浇油(3)walls have ears隔墙有耳(4)strike while the iron is hot趁热打铁(5)to be in the same boat同舟共济(6)at six and sevens七颠八倒,乱七八糟(7)one boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boys.,两个和尚抬水喝,三个和尚没水喝6.还原法译时只须把这一类习语还原到原来的英语习语就可以了,这种翻译方法称为还原法。
例如:(1)他只好硬着头皮,装出也不在乎的态度,实际上是勉勉强强地给她牵着鼻子走。
(周而复:《上海的早晨》)he had no alternative but to brazen it out and pretend that he did not care, either, though the fact of the matter was that he was being reluctantly led by the nose.,现在只要把它还原为led by the nose即可。
人们早就利用鼻圈或笼头等物牵着马、牛等牲口的头部行走,这就是这个英语习语的来源,它具体的引伸的隐义是“唯命是从”或“盲目服从”等意思。
(2)原来被捕的同志全押在这里,像沙丁鱼罐头一样,挤得紧紧的。
(曲波:《林海雪原》)here the captured comrades were jammed together like sardines.,挤得紧紧的”意思就是“挤得像罐头沙丁鱼”,这一习语也是从英语直译过来的,这里把它还原为jammed together like sardines(= packed like sardines)。
7.注译法,并不是在翻译时一一对应就可以了。
有些习语虽不是历史文物的掌故,但却与一个民族或一个地区的风俗习惯等特点有关,在翻译时也不是三言两语就能把这些特点说清楚,这时对某些习语在翻译时必须适当加以注释,以反映其真实原意。
有些汉语的典故向外国读者介绍时,必须附加注释,这样才能被理解。
例如:(1)那哪能知道?他们一东一伙,都是看透《三国志》的人,要我说,那一耳括子,也是周瑜打黄盖,一个愿打,一个愿挨的。
(周立波:《暴风骤雨》)hard to say. the two of them are hand in glove, and they’ve both read the romance of the three kingdoms. i should say that box on the ear was skillfully given by a chou yu and gladly taken by a huang kai.,一个愿打,一个愿挨”的译文是skillfully given by a chou yu and gladly taken by a huang kai,但如不加注释把“周瑜打黄盖”的历史故事略加交待,外国读者仍会看不懂,所以可以略加注释:a fourteenth-century novel based on events which took place in the third century a.d. chou yu of the kingdom of wu and huang kai, another wu general, cruelly beaten, and then sent him to the enemy camp in order to deceive the enemy.(2)你说这话,意思是要领导上三请诸葛亮?(周立波:《山乡巨变》)what you say implies that the leadership should ask you three times, like chukeh liang, doesn’t it?ask you three times, like chukeh liang,为了让读者更好地理解,可以加注说明诸葛亮其人其事:chukeh liang was a hero of the three kingdoms period. he had to be asked three times before he would grant an interview to liu pei, whom he afterwards served, and helped to become emperor.8.修辞法。
因此,习语的翻译除了要考虑民族形式和正确表达原意外,最好也要照顾到译文的美化,采用汉语习语所常用的修辞手段,如对称、韵脚、双声、格调、词的重复等修辞手段,使译文不但字句美丽而且韵味十足,读来铿锵有力,或将汉语习语作一些创造性的加工,使它荷合某些英语习语的修辞形式,成为更容易理解和传播的东西。
例如:,是得力人手;论领导,还年轻。
俗话说:“嘴上没毛,说话不牢,再过上六七年也许差不多。
(柳青《铜墙铁壁》)”he’s good at nabbing criminals, escorting them under guard, night control, messenger work … , as the old saying goes: “downy lips make thoughtless slips.” maybe in five or six years he’ll be ready for it.,说话不牢”译为downy lips make thoughtless slips. 其中lips 和slips押韵,全句又有抑扬(trochee)的格调,译文千脆利落,使其带有一般英语习语的味道。
,牢固地确立了它在英语中的重要地位。
无论是在书面语言,还是口头语言里,英语习语都发挥着越来越显著的作用。
习语的翻译虽有各种不同的方法可采用,但没有一定的公式和绝对正确的定义可以套用,主要还是依靠自己的认真严肃的创造性劳动,根据形式和内容相统一的原则在不同的具体情况下作灵活的处理。
往往同一个汉语习语在不同的上下文里就必须用不同的译法来处理。
总之,汉语习语丰富,对于汉语习语的翻译是不同文化交流中的一个重要方面。
[1] johnson mark. the body in the mind: the bodily basis of reason and imagination〔m〕.chicago university of chicagopress, 1987.[2] lakoff, g & johnson, m, metaphors we live by [m].chicago:the.university of chicago press, 1980.[3] 陈文伯.英语成语与汉语成语[m]. 北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1982.。