Q公司营运资金管理研究

摘要

目前，我国经济正处于发展的十字路口，目前，我国经济正处于发展的十字路口，经济体制变革在如火如荼的进行着，同时一直在开展着弥补经济市场欠缺的工作。在此经济大环境下企业要想使战略目标能够实现，日常财务的控制水平在企业内部是重中之重，公司总资产中流动资金的活力和流动性可以说决定了公司的生存和未来发展。因此，本文以Q公司为例进行研究，运用文献综述的方法对营运资金管理的相关理论进行了总结; 通过对于 Q公司2015-2018年的财务状况进行分析，发现 Q公司存在的问题为现金流量净增加额持续为负应收款项的投资回收期较长，周转率低于同业存货金额，周转率较低，存在减值风险。导致Q公司营运资金管理出现问题的原因为高额投资造成现金流出过大、宽松信用政策造成应收账款激增快速扩张带来的存货积压。所以Q公司应该细化制度，严控现金管理、强化审批，确保应收账款回收、以销定采，合理推测存货水平。

关键词：营运资金；营运资金管理；Q公司

ABSTRACT

At present, China's economy is at the crossroads of development, the reform of the economic system in full swing, at the same time has been carrying out to make up for the lack of economic market work. In this economic environment, if an enterprise wants to achieve its strategic objectives, the daily financial control level is the top priority within the enterprise, and the vitality and liquidity of working capital in the total assets of the enterprise can be said to determine the survival and future development of the enterprise. Therefore, this paper takes Q company as an example to conduct research, and USES the method of literature review to summarize the relevant theories of working capital management. Through the analysis of the financial situation of company Q from 2015 to 2018, it is found that the problems of company Q are that the net increase of cash flow continues to be negative, the payback period of receivables is long, the turnover rate is lower than the inventory amount of peers, the turnover rate is large, and there is impairment risk. The reasons for the problems in working capital management of Q company are excessive cash outflow caused by high investment and inventory overstock caused by rapid expansion of receivables caused by loose credit policies. Therefore, Q company should refine the system, strictly control the cash management, strengthen the examination and approval, ensure the recovery of accounts receivable, and reasonably speculate the inventory level.

Key words:Profitability; Working capital；Working capital management；Orient Landscape

目录

一、绪论 (1)

（一）研究背景及意义 (1)

1.研究背景 (1)

2.研究意义 (1)

（二）国内外文献综述 (2)

1.国外相关文献综述 (2)

2.国内相关文献综述 (2)

二、企业营运资金管理理论基础 (3)

（一）营运资金的概念 (3)

（二）营运资金管理的概念 (4)

（三）营运资金的管理方法 (4)

1.现金的管理方法 (4)

2.应收账款的管理方法 (5)

3.存货的管理方法 (5)

三、Q公司营运资金管理存在的问题 (5)

（一）Q公司简介 (5)

（二）Q公司营运资金管理具体问题 (5)

1.现金流量净增加额持续为负 (5)

2.应收账款回收期长、周转率低于同行 (6)

3.存货金额较大、周转率低并存在减值风险 (7)

（三）Q公司营运资金管理问题原因分析 (7)

1.高额投资造成现金流出过大 (7)

2.宽松信用政策造成应收账款激增 (8)

3.快速扩张带来的存货积压 (8)

四、东风园林的资金管理问题解决方案 (8)