NF F 11-380 -1994 铁路车辆.压缩空气橡胶软管

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法国软管标准(NF hose standards)

法国软管标准(NF hose standards)

NF E29-571-1957
接管(喷淋用等)
NON-METALLIC FLEXIBLE (HOSE FOR WATERING ETC.).) (Pipeworks. Flexible Terminology.) metal
HOSE
NF E29-820-1983
管道.金属软管.术语
hoses.
NF E29-821-1983
管道.咬边金属软管.规 (Pipeworks. Flexible interlocked hoses. Specifications .) 范
metal

NF E29-833-1979
(PIPEWORKS. FLEXIBLE METAL HOSES DOUBLE 管道.双咬边金属软 INTERLOCK,ASBESTOS 管.(石棉垫片, 密封, 圆 PACKING,PRESSURE-TIGHT,CIRCULAR 截面, 奥氏体不锈钢制) SECTION,IN AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL.) 管道工程.波纹状金属 (Pipework - Corrugated metal hoses and hose assemblies.) 软管和软管组件 液压和气压传动.连接 (Fluid power. Hose assemblies. Vocabulary.) 软管.词汇 (RUBBER AND PLASTICS HOSE AND WITH WIRE 线增强橡胶和塑料软管 ASSEMBLIES HYDRAULIC 和组件.挠性水压脉冲 REINFORCEMENTS. IMPULSE TEST WITH FLEXING. 试验 (EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 26802).) 橡胶和塑料软管组件. (Rubber and plastics hose assemblies. 液压脉冲弯曲试验(半 Flexing combined with hydraulic impulse test (half-omega test).) 型试验) 建筑物的通风.管道工 (Ventilation for buildings - Ductwork 程.软管的尺寸和机械 Dimensions and mechanical requirements for flexible ducts.) 要求 低温车辆.低温柔性软 (Cryogenic vessels - Cryogenic flexible hoses.) 管 (RAILWAY TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT. 铁路车辆.管路. 软管接 PIPEWORK. FIXING OF 头(非金属) NON-METALLIC FLEXIBLE PIPES.) 铁路车辆.管路.软管接 () 头(非金属) 铁路车辆.压缩空气制 (RAILWAY TRANSPORT EQUIPMENT.

世界技能大赛第一阶段选拔赛汽车喷漆方案试题

世界技能大赛第一阶段选拔赛汽车喷漆方案试题

中国技能大赛世界技能大赛第一阶段选拔赛汽车喷漆项目技术工作文件目录1.汽车喷漆项目第一阶段选拔赛能力要求 (4)1.1选手竞赛能力要求 (4)1.2选手需要掌握的知识 (4)2.裁判员和选手 (4)2.1裁判长 (4)2.2裁判员的条件和组成 (4)3.选拔赛试题 (5)3.1试题 (5)3.2模块配分比例 (7)4.选拔赛命题方式 (7)4.1命题流程 (7)4.2最终考题产生的方式 (8)5.成绩评判方式 (8)5.1评判流程 (8)5.2评判的硬件设备要求 (8)5.3评判的方法 (9)5.4裁判员在评判工作中的任务 (9)5.5裁判员在评判中的纪律和要求 (9)6.选拔赛的基础设施 (9)6.1硬件设备要求 (9)6.2软件要求 (10)6.3测量工具清单 (10)6.4辅助工具清单 (10)7.第一阶段选拔赛场地要求 (13)7.1场地面积要求 (13)7.2场地照明要求 (13)7.3场地消防和逃生要求 (13)8.第一阶段选拔赛安全要求 (14)8.1选手安全防护措施要求 (14)8.2有毒有害物品的管理和限制 (14)8.3医疗设备和措施 (14)9.第一阶段选拔赛竞赛流程 (15)9.1第一阶段选拔赛竞赛流程 (15)9.2裁判员的工作内容 (15)9.3选手的工作内容 (15)9.4赛场纪律 (15)10.开放现场的要求 (16)赛场设置观摩区,使用隔离带隔离,观摩人员在观摩区域观看比赛,以避免观摩人员与当值裁判及选手有任何交流; (16)1.汽车喷漆项目第一阶段选拔赛能力要求1.1选手竞赛能力要求1)对损伤部位的正确前处理,使用聚酯原子灰或中涂底漆填充,干磨整平;2)掌握各类中涂底漆的施工,如自喷罐防锈底漆,高固中涂底漆等;3)水性底色漆喷涂,要求掌握水性银粉漆底色漆修补喷涂;4)清漆喷涂,掌握2K快干清漆的修补喷涂方法;5)水性素色漆、银粉漆调色;1.2选手需要掌握的知识1)水性漆色母特性及调色工具的使用;2)涂装标准工艺流程;3)各种产品的调配比例和调配方法;2.裁判员和选手2.1裁判长裁判长由第44届世界技能大赛中国组委会确定的汽车喷漆项目中国技术指导专家组组长担任。

客车检车员中级考试题及参考答案

客车检车员中级考试题及参考答案

客车检车员中级考试题及参考答案1、客车铅酸蓄电池用蒸馏水含氯离子()。

A、不大于5.5 mg/LB、不小于5.5 mg/LC、不大于5.5 g/LD、不小于5.5 g/L答案:A2、四方产KSQ 型电开水炉的加热元件是()A、电热管B、电热盘C、电磁阀D、杆簧管答案:A3、发电车供电的空调列车在始发前(),须进行预冷作业.A、40minB、30minC、lhD、l.5h答案:C4、()以下的电压为安全电压。

A、36VB、48VC、12VD、24V答案:A5、客车AI 级检修质量对规办法规定.空气压力表不符合规定扣()A、5分B、4 分C、3 分D、2分答案:A6、98 型应急电源接地电阻不大于()A、0.4ΩB、1OΩC、4Ω7、()故障,使104型集成电空制动机发生缓解不良或缓解。

A、主阀B、紧急阀C、辅助阀D、中间体答案:A8、104 型电空制动机在阶段缓解时,没有阶段缓解性能的原因是保压电磁阀未动作或()有漏泄。

A、缓解电磁阀B、保压管C、紧急电磁阀D、制动电答案:B9、TKZW 一1T 型轴报器的定点报警温度为()A、 85 士5 )℃B、 90 土2 )℃C、 95 士5 )℃D、 100 土5 )℃答案:B10、机车供电的空调列车在始发前(),须进行预冷作业。

A、40 minB、30minC、lhD、1.5h答案:A11、客车给水装置中,阀手轮为黄色表示()。

A、供给温水B、供给暖气C、供给冷水D、排出冷水答案:A12、在圆杆上套丝时圆杆直径应()螺纹公称直径。

A、小于D、不小于答案:A13、TKZW-1T 型轴温报警器轴位线路断路时,则该轴位显示()。

A、+ lB、-1C、+ + +D、---答案:B14、客车电加热器的热态绝缘电阻应不小于()。

A、20 M 欧姆B、200 M欧姆C、2 M欧姆D、50M欧姆答案:A15、25G型客车车下设有()电源干线。

A、l 路B、2 路C、3 路D、4 路答案:B16、晶闸管反向阻断峰值电压规定比反向击穿电压小()。

液压橡胶软管总成

液压橡胶软管总成
规范性引用文件
下列文件对于本文件的应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,仅所注日期的版本适用于本文件。凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。
GB/T 3683钢丝增强液压橡胶软管和软管组合件
GB/T 5568橡胶、塑料软管及软管组合件无屈挠液压脉冲试验
GB/T 9065.3液压软管接头.连接尺寸.焊接式平面密封
F3
6A
直接头—SAE 62系列(6000psi)重系列
F
6F
45°弯头—SAE 62系列(6000psi)重系列
F2
6N
90°弯头—SAE 62系列(6000psi) 重系列
F3
GB/T9065.3
焊接式平面密封
A0
直接头
A
A2
45°弯头
A2
A3
90°弯头
A3
JIS B8363
日本小松公制内螺纹
30°扩口式锥密封
C0
直接头
C
C2
45°弯头
C2
C3
90°弯头
C3
接头外连接规格
接头的外连接规格(图1中第9、10位和第11、12位)由由两位阿拉伯数字组成,详见表4。
具体的外连接规格匹配参见附录F。
接头外连接规格
接头型式
外连接规格
CA、CE、CF、C9、0C、1C
锥口直径(即等于钢管外径),mm,从附表F.3中选取。
F481CECF151508-1300×90G“481”软管类型(进口派克一层钢丝编织481软管)。
F481CECF151508-1300×90G“CE”接头1外连接型式,24°锥密封,轻型,45°弯头。
F481CECF151508-1300×90G“CF”接头2外连接型式,24°锥密封,轻型,90°弯头。

铁道客车尼龙软管技术条件(版本V10)

铁道客车尼龙软管技术条件(版本V10)

铁道客车尼龙软管技术条件(版本V1.0)铁道客车尼龙软管技术条件(版本V1.0)目录1 范围 (1)2 规范性引用文件 (1)3 术语和定义 (2)4 使用条件 (2)4.1 环境温度 (2)4.2 海拔高度 (2)4.3 相对湿度 (2)4.4 冲击振动 (2)4.5 使用环境 (2)5 产品分类及标识 (2)5.1 产品分类 (2)5.2 产品标识 (2)6 技术要求 (3)6.1 基本要求 (3)6.2 性能要求 (5)7 试验方法 (7)7.1 外观检查 (7)7.2 机械性能试验 (8)7.3 理化性能试验 (8)7.4 电气性能试验 (9)7.5 燃烧试验 (9)8 检验规则 (9)8.1 检验分类 (9)8.2 检验项目 (10)9 标识、包装、运输与贮存 (11)9.1 标识、包装 (11)9.2 运输和贮存 (11)铁道客车尼龙软管技术条件(版本V1.0)1 范围本技术条件规定了交流1000V或直流1500V及以下的电气系统配线用尼龙软管的技术要求、试验方法、检验规则、标识、运输与储存要求等。

本技术条件适用于25G/T型铁路客车。

其它客车车辆、动车组及特种车辆可参照执行。

2 规范性引用文件下列文件中的条款通过本技术条件的引用而成为本条件的条款。

凡是注日期的引用文件,其随后所有的修改单(不包括勘误的内容)或修订版均不适用于本条件,然而,鼓励根据本条件达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。

凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本适用于本部分。

GB 4208-2008 IP外壳防护等级(IP标志)GB/T 6955.3-2008 电线电缆识别标志方法第3部分:电线电缆识别标志GB/T 11547-2008 塑料耐液体化学试剂性能的测定GB/T 12528-2008 交流额定电压3kV及以下轨道交通车辆用电缆GB/T 15596-2009 塑料在玻璃下日光、自然气候或实验室光源暴露后颜色和性能变化的测定GB/T 16422.3-1997 塑料实验室光源暴露试验方法第3部分:荧光紫外灯GB/T 17650.1-1998 取自电缆或光缆的材料燃烧时释出气体的试验方法第1部分:卤酸气体总量的测定GB 18581-2001 室内装饰装修材料溶剂型木器涂料中有害物质限量GB 18586-2001 室内装饰装修材料聚氯乙烯卷材地板中有害物质限量GB/T 20041.1-2005 电气安装用导管系统第1部分:通用要求GB/T 20041.22-2009 电缆管理用导管系统第22部分:可弯曲导管系统的特殊要求TB/T 1484.1-2010 机车车辆电缆第1部分:额定电压3kV及以下标准壁厚绝缘电缆TB/T 3139-2006 机车车辆内装材料及室内空气有害物质限量DIN 5510-2:2009 轨道车辆防火保护第2部分:材料及部件的燃烧特性和燃烧伴发现象:分级、要求和测试方法DIN 54837 铁路车辆用材料和小构件试验—测定气体燃烧器的燃烧特性DIN EN ISO 5659-2 烟密度及毒性测试3 术语和定义GB/T 20041.1—2005《电气安装用导管系统第1部分:通用要求》确立的术语和定义适用于本技术条件。

橡胶软管的检测标准--科标检测

橡胶软管的检测标准--科标检测

科标检测--精准每一刻橡胶软管的检测标准橡胶软管,又称钢丝编织胶管,是由内胶层,一层钢丝编织层和外胶层组成的一种橡胶制品。

在现在工业的各个领域中具有重要的作用,本文主要针对橡胶软管的理化性质检测来进行探讨橡胶软管根据使用范围分为工业软管和饮料用软管。

其中工业软管的应用领域涵盖了各个工业生产制造和流通领域,广泛应用于石油、化工、船舶、船坞、罐车、农业、食品、饮料、医药等行业,以及冷热水、蒸汽、通风、冷却、消防、液压,介质如气、水、雾、泥水、砂粒、铁粒等等各个方面,因此工业橡胶软管的重要性不言而喻,根据使用范围的不同,工业软管分为输水软管,热水和蒸汽软管,饮料食品软管,空气软管,焊接软管,通风软管,物料吸送软管,输油软管,化学软管等几大类。

为适应各行业作业的物理和化学条件,工业软管从设计、对材料的选择到生产、运输甚至最终的储存都有严格的规范和标准。

这就造成了工业软管在内外胶体的化学原料和工艺上有非常严格的执行标准。

因此,橡胶软管具有一系列的理化性质来进行表征,那么如何获取自己所生产的橡胶软管产品的理化性质作为产品质量依据成为生产者必须关心的问题。

作为生产者,首先,必须了解橡软管类产品的理化性质有哪些。

作为橡胶类产品来说,基础的性质,如拉伸强度,断裂伸长率,拉伸弹性模量,撕裂强度绍尔硬度,国际硬度等基础性质是必可可少的,其次,作为软管类,产品的爆破压,最小弯曲半径,工作压力下长度变化,层间粘合,阻燃性能,电学性能等也都是需要检测的。

除此之外,橡胶软管还需要进行一些列老化实验,特殊环境腐蚀实验,成分分析试验等由于生产条件的限制或者生产成本的压缩等原因,部分生产企业自身是无法进行某些检测实验的,即便是一些基础性实验可以实现,检测结果也缺少必要的权威性。

而由于政府下属检测机构的限制和繁琐的检测过程,大部分生产厂商会选择具有权威性的第三方检测公司。

那么,在国内如此众多的各种第三方检测公司中,该如何拨开迷雾,选择优秀的检测机构成为厂商的烦恼。

河北省工程橡胶制品质量监督检验站

6
高分子防水材料第二部分止水带
GB 18173.2-2000
7
石棉橡胶板
GB/T 3985-1995
8
公路桥梁橡胶伸缩装置
JT/T 327-2004
9
公路桥梁板式支座、公路桥梁盆式橡胶支座、铁路桥梁板式橡胶支座技术条件、铁路桥梁盆式支座
JT/T4-2004 JT391-1999 TB1893-87 TB/T2331-2004
15
橡胶家用手套、橡胶工业手套
HG/T 288-1997 HG/T 2584-2002
16
橡胶医用手套、一次性使用橡胶检查手套手套
GB7543-1996 GB10213-1995
17
工业用橡胶板
GB/T5574-94
18
电绝缘橡胶板
HG 2949-1999
19
橡胶热水袋
HG 2011-91
20
织物预缩橡胶毯
50
硫酸铵
GB535-1995
51
氢氨化钙
HG2427-1993
52
工业癸二酸
GB/T 2092-92
53
工业磷酸三钠
HG/T 2517-93
54
二盐基亚磷酸铅
HG2339-92
55
三盐基硫酸铅
HG2340-92
56
业用亚硫酸铵
HG/T 2784-96
57
工业氯乙酸
HG/T 3271-2000
58
工业合成盐酸
耐晒黄G大红粉
HG/T2659-95 HG/T2883-1997
128
甲苯胺红
HG/T 3003-1997
129
耐晒黄10G
HG/T 3004-1999

ASTM D380-94(2006)橡胶软管的测试方法

Designation:D380–94(Reapproved2006)Standard Test Methods forRubber Hose1This standard is issued under thefixed designation D380;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.These methods have been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense to replace Methods7431,7421,10011,10021,10211,10221,10311,10341,10351,and10361 of Federal Test Method Standard No.601and for listing in the DoD Index of Specifications and Standards.1.Scope1.1These test methods cover procedures for inspection and test of all types and constructions of rubber hose.21.2In case of conflict between provisions of these test methods and those of detailed specifications or test methods fora particular hose,the latter shall take precedence.1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.4This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1ASTM Standards:3D412Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermo-plastic Elastomers—TensionD413Test Methods for Rubber Property—Adhesion to Flexible SubstrateD471Test Method for Rubber Property—Effect of Liquids D572Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heat and OxygenD573Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration in an Air OvenD865Test Method for Rubber—Deterioration by Heating in Air(Test Tube Enclosure)D1149Test Method for Rubber Deterioration—Surface Ozone Cracking in a ChamberD1415Test Method for Rubber Property—International HardnessD2240Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer HardnessD3183Practice for Rubber—Preparation of Pieces for Test Purposes from ProductsD3767Practice for Rubber—Measurement of Dimensions D4483Practice for Evaluating Precision for Test Method Standards in the Rubber and Carbon Black Manufacturing IndustriesE4Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3.General Test Methods3.1Except as otherwise specified in these test methods for rubber hose,the following test methods,applicable in general to vulcanized rubber,shall be complied with as required and are hereby made a part of these test methods:3.1.1General Physical Test Requirements—Practice D3183.3.1.2Tension Test—Test Methods D412.3.1.3Aging Test—Test Method D572,Test Method D573, and Test Method D865.3.1.4Adhesion Test—Test Methods D413.3.1.5Immersion Test—Test Method D471.3.1.6Hardness Test—Test Method D2240.3.1.7Hardness Test—Test Method D1415.4.Significance and Use4.1These test methods provide uniform methods for inspec-tion and test of rubber hoses that can be referenced in hose specifications for various applications.4.2Uniform test methods make quality comparisons of hose easier and more meaningful,and are more economical particu-larly when the same rubber vulcanizates are used in different types,constructions,or sizes of hose.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D11onRubber and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D11.31on Rubber Hoseand Belting.Current edition approved May1,2006.Published June2006.Originallyapproved st previous edition approved in2000as D380–94(2000).2For specifications covering hose used in automotive,construction,and indus-trial equipment applications,reference should be made to SAE Standards forCoolant System Hoses(SAE J20e),Fuel and Oil Hoses(SAE J30b),Power SteeringPressure Hose—High V olumetric Expansion(SAE J188),Power Steering ReturnHose(SAE189),Power Steering Pressure Hose—Low V olumetric Expansion(SAEJ191),Power Steering Pressure Hose—Wire Braid(SAE J190),Windshield WiperHose(SAE J50a),Emission Control Hose(SAE J1010),Windshield Washer Tubing(SAE J1037),Tests and Procedures for SAE100R Series Hydraulic Hose and HoseAssemblies(SAE J343c),and for Tests and Procedures for High-TemperatureTransmission Oil Hose,Lubricating Oil Hose,and Hose Assemblies(SAE J1019).3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at service@.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standard’s Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright©ASTM International,100Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA19428-2959,United States.5.Sampling5.1A sample of sufficient length for proper performance of the required tests shall be cut from the hose when possible without impairing its use and the pieces of hose from which samples have thus been cut shall be accepted by the purchaser as full length,provided the hose meets the specified require-ments.The length of samples required depends on the tests which are required.The following will show the minimum length required for the various tests:5.1.1Thickness of Tube,Cover,and Rubber Elements; Tensile Strength and Elongation(Original);Adhesion: Nominal Bore Diameter,mm(in.)Sample Length,mm(in.) below19(0.75)900(36)19to31.5(0.75to1.25)750(30)over31.5(1.25)600(24)5.1.2Volumetric Expansion—For all sizes450mm(18in.).5.1.3Straight Burst—For hose nominal76mm(3in.)and smaller,450mm(18in.);for hose over76mm in inside diameter600mm(24in.)but not exceeding900mm(36in.). Use900mm for all sizes of jacketed rubberlinedfire hose. N OTE1—V olumetric samples can be used for burst tests when hose is nominal76mm(3in.)inside diameter and smaller.5.1.4Curved Burst—For all bore diameters of hose,900 mm(36in.).5.1.5Hold Test—For hose76mm(3in.)and smaller,450 mm(18in.);for hose over76mm in inside diameter,600mm (24in.)but not exceeding900mm.5.1.6Immersion Test—Volume Change and Strength Dete-rioration:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm(in.)Sample Length,mm(in.) below19(0.75)450(18)19to31.5(0.75to1.25)300(12)over31.5(1.25)150(6)5.1.7Low-Temperature Test:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm(in.)Sample Length,mm(in.) below31.5(1.25)500(20)31.5to50(1.25to2)700(28)over50(2)1000(40)5.2Where the construction of the hose does not permit the cutting of samples as described in5.1without impairment of use,as in wire inserted hose,dredging sleeves,etc.,a separate length having the same specifications shall be provided,either as an additional length or as a prolongation built onto the hose. Wire shall be omitted from the prolongation or sample length unless the detailed physical tests include requirements that measure the effect of the wire or metal elements in the construction.Additional length taken for purpose of tests shall be paid for by the purchaser,provided they conform to the specified requirements.5.3The sampling of woven-jacketed rubber-lined hose shall be in accordance with detailed specifications for this material.6.Measurement of Hose6.1Length—Determine the length by means of a steel tape or calibrated measuring device.It shall not include the length offittings except when specifically so requested and recorded.In the case of woven-jacketed rubber-lined hose,or hose with a helical wire reinforcement,determine the length under a 70-kPa(10-psi)internal pressure.6.2Outside Diameter and Reinforcement Diameter—Measure the circumference with aflexible tape and determine the diameter by e of a pi(p)tape graduated to read the diameter directly is acceptable.On diameters of 25mm(1in.)or less,caliper measurements are acceptable when at least two measurements are made approximately90°apart and the measurements averaged.The measuring device shall be capable of measuring in increments of0.25mm(0.01 in.)or less.All diameter measurements shall be made at least 25mm(1in.)distance back from the ends of the hose.6.3Inside Diameter—On hose up to and including nominal inside diameter of75mm(3in.)suitable expanding ball gauges,telescoping gauges,or cylindrical-plug gauges shall be used.6.3.1The measuring devices shall have the following mini-mum precision:Nominal Bore Diameter,mm(in.)Plug gauges,mm(in.)Calipers,mm(in.)Scales,mm(in.) 25(1)or less0.25(0.01)over25to50(1to2)0.50(0.02)over50to75(2to3)0.75(0.03)over75(3)0.25(0.01)150(6)or more0.50(0.02)0.50(0.02) 6.3.1.1Plug gates shall have the maximum increments in diameter as given above and a minimum step length of9.5mm (0.37in.).6.3.1.2Ball gauges and telescopic gauges shall be capable of measuring increments of0.50mm(0.02in.)or less.6.3.2On hose150mm(6in.)or larger in nominal inside diameter,in addition to inside calipers,a graduated steel scale can be used.On hose150mm(6in.)or larger the measuring device shall be capable of measuring0.50mm(0.02in.)or less.With the exception of cylindrical plug gauges,at least two measurements shall be made approximately90°apart and these measurements averaged.For hose that has a visual inside diameter variation at the end of the hose,for example,the flared or necked down end on wire braid reinforced hose, measurements shall be made at least25mm(1in.)distance back from the end of the hose.6.4Wall Thickness—Determine the wall thickness at least 12mm from the end of the hose to avoidfle a micrometer with a rounded anvil in contact with the inside of the hose.Contact surface of the anvil should be about8mm long.Support for the anvil should be smaller in diameter than the anvil to avoid inwardflare.Care is needed to be sure that the anvil and the foot are square to the surface of the hose. Sufficient force shall be applied to obtainfirm contact with,but not indent,hose surface.6.4.1The minimum wall thickness shall be the minimum measurement obtained from a series of measurements taken around the circumference of the hose but concentrated in the area visually suspected of being thin.6.4.2The maximum wall thickness shall be the maximum measurement obtained from a series of measurements taken around the circumference of the hose but concentrated in the area visually suspected of beingthick. 26.4.3The average wall thickness shall be the average of at least four measurements taken equidistant around the circum-ference of the hose.6.5Wall Concentricity—The difference between the mini-mum and maximum wall thickness determined in6.4.1and6.4.2.7.Thickness of Tube,Cover or Other Rubber Elements 7.1Determine the thickness of a rubber element from any type of hose in accordance with Method A of Practice D3767.7.2Take the thickness of a rubber element adjoining a braid-or helical-wound reinforcing member of any material as the average between two measurements of thickness,one of which shall be obtained using the unbuffed specimen and the other using a specimen that is buffed just sufficiently to remove the braid or helical corrugations.7.3Take the thickness of a rubber element adjoining a seamless woven jacket of any material on a specimen that is buffed just sufficiently to remove the corrugations caused by the woven jacket.Where backing is used on a rubber element, remove the backing before measuring thickness.7.4Determine the thickness of a rubber element adjoining flexible metal convoluted lining at the valleys formed by the tops of the metal convolutions.Prepare the opposite side of the rubber element,adjacent to other reinforcing members,for thickness measurement as specified in the other paragraphs of this section,depending on the type of reinforcing member. 7.5Determine the thickness of a rubber element adjoining reinforcing fabric woven prior to assembly in the hose on a specimen that is unbuffed.8.Test Conditions8.1The temperature of the testing room shall be between21 and32°C(70and90°F).The samples to be tested shall be kept in this room for at least30min previous to the time of testing. In case of arbitration a test atmosphere of5065%relative humidity at a temperature of2362°C(73.463.6°F)shall be used.N OTE2—These special test conditions shall be confined to tension and immersion testing only.9.Number of Tests9.1When test value limits are established,test one specimen for each physical characteristic required in the detailed speci-fications for a particular hose,except in the immersion tests given in Sections19-23inclusive.If the results do not meet the specified requirements,prepare two additional specimens from the original sample and test.Should the results of either of these tests be below the specified requirements,consider the sample to have failed to meet the specifications.9.2If test value limits are not established,test at least three specimens and take the median.10.Separation of Rubber Parts10.1Cut a sufficient length from the hose sample to provide longitudinal tension test specimens from hose76mm(3in.) and under in nominal diameter and transverse test specimens on larger sizes.Separate the rubber parts to be tested from the balance of the hose.Perform the separation without the use of a solvent,if practicable,and without excessive stretching of the rubber.Make the separation a little at a time while the rubber is gripped near the point of separation.If it is necessary to use a solvent in the separating operation use commercial iso octane. If iso octane is used,place the rubber so as to permit free evaporation of the solvent from all parts of its surface,and allow it to rest at least1h before being tested.TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION OFRUBBER11.Procedure11.1Test in accordance with Test Methods D412.When specimen thickness is less than 1.5mm(0.06in.)after preparation a greater variation in test values can be anticipated. At times acceptable test specimens cannot be obtained or true values do not result from dumbbells prepared from the hose.In such cases substitution of sheet material in accordance with the section on pieces from Practice D3183is recommended.ADHESION TESTS12.Test Specimens12.1From woven-jacketed rubber-lined hose,cut adhesion test specimens all transversely from the samples in rings 50mm(2in.)in width.Then open these rings and lay them out flat so as to give rectangular specimens of length equal to the full circumference of the hose.Accurately cut on each speci-men a central strip of lining38mm(1.5in.)in width,the cut extending through the lining but not entirely through the woven jacket.Separate these strips from the jacket at one end for a distance of about38mm.12.2From other types of hose,cut the adhesion test speci-mens transversely from the samples in rings25mm(1in.)in width using a sharp tool that will leave clean edges.On hose 6.5to100mm(0.25to4in.),inclusive,in inside diameter test the specimens in ring form and refer to them as“ring specimens.”For hose over100mm in inside diameter cut the rings through at the point where the outside ply of fabric ends, and open them to form strips that shall be referred to as“strip specimens.”12.3Cut adhesion specimens from hose less than6.5mm in inside diameter longitudinally from the hose(Note3).Since the width of these specimens will be less than25mm(1in.), determine the adhesion on the contact width of the test specimen.N OTE3—Adhesion tests on hose smaller than6.5mm(0.25in.)are not recommended,due to the size of the specimen available.12.4In hose constructions having braided wire reinforcing members,it is impractical to prepare adhesion test specimens.12.5On hose19mm(0.75in.)to100mm(4in.),inclusive, in inside diameter,having a woven wirefiller reinforcement, prepare specimens for the adhesion test as follows:Cut the hose to form a longitudinal specimen150mm(6in.)long and 50mm(2in.)wide.Flatten the specimen thus prepared and draw two parallel lines25mm(1in.)apart along the tube and cover and cut through to the woven carcass.Separate fromthe 3jacket for a short distance the ends of the central portion between these two cuts.Determine adhesion in accordance with13.2for strip specimens.13.Procedure13.1Ring Specimens—Test in accordance with the Static-Mass Method or Machine Method of Test Methods D413. 13.2Strip Specimens—Test in accordance with the Static-Mass Method or Machine Method of Test Methods D413. 13.3For hose with woven wire reinforcement having an inside diameter under19mm(0.75in.),the hose may be tested for value of tube adhesion by use of the ball-vacuum method as follows:Lay sections of hose in a straight line on an inclined table.Pass a steel ball,3.18mm(0.125in.)less in diameter than the nominal inside diameter of the hose,through the hose while the internal pressure is60610kPa(1863in.Hg) below the external pressure.13.4Report:13.4.1The report shall include the following:13.4.1.1Value of the adhesions obtained by the Static-Mass Method in accordance with13.1and13.2as average millime-tres per second(or inches per minute)of separation under a stated mass required to separate specimens at an average rate of 0.42mm/s(or1in./min),13.4.1.2Value of the adhesions obtained by the Machine Method(see the Calculation section of Test Methods D413)in accordance with13.1and13.2,and13.4.1.3Value of adhesion obtained in accordance with 13.3,as ball passing or not passing.13.5Precision and Bias—The precision and bias of the Static-Mass and Machine Methods are given in Test Methods D413.No statement is made about either the precision or bias of the ball method for measuring adhesion of hose lining since the results merely indicate whether there is conformance to the criteria specified in the procedure.PRESSURE TESTS14.Types of Tests14.1Hydrostatic tests of hose consist of subjecting the specimen to the action of internal water pressure under specified conditions to determine either the bursting strength of the hose or the effect of lower hydrostatic pressures in producing changes similar to those occurring in service.In the latter case,the test may be used as an inspection proof test with a minimum safe limit.Bursting strength is determined on short specimens cut from the full hose lengths,but in tests for service effects and for proof inspection,the full lengths are used as specimens.The specimens may be tested,as required,in straight,curved,or kinked positions,depending upon the stresses which are desired to be evaluated.14.2Aerostatic pressure tests of hose consist of subjecting the specimen to the action of internal air or nitrogen gas pressure under specified conditions to determine the integrity and leak resistance of the hose or hose assembly.Normally the hose or hose assembly is submerged under water and a constant stream of bubbles is an indication of leakage.15.Application of Pressure15.1Apply hydrostatic pressure by means of a hand-or power-driven hydraulic pump or an accumulator system.Con-nect the hose to the waterline or pump andfill with water prior to application of pressure,allowing all air in the hose to escape through a petcock provided for the purpose.This is important as a safety measure because expansion of air compressed in the hose,when suddenly released by bursting or other failure, might result in serious accident.Then close the petcock and apply the pressure at a uniform rate of increase of approxi-mately7MPa(1000psi)/min except for hose with bursting strength specified above14MPa(2000psi),in which case the pressure shall be applied at a rate of70MPa(10000psi)/min or as rapidly as pump capacity will permit.Measure the pressure with a calibrated gauge.N OTE4—The specified rate of7MPa(1000psi)/min requires too much time for small-diameter high-strength hose,such as hydraulic brake hose, wire-reinforced grease gun hose,etc.With3.2-mm(0.125-in.)hydraulic brake hose,pressure increases at rates as high as280MPa(40000psi)/ min are satisfactory.15.2Apply aerostatic pressure by connecting the hose or hose assembly to a source of air or nitrogen gas pressure. Submerge the hose and couplings entirely in water such that visual observations of the hose assembly is permitted.Apply the specified internal pressure,measured with a calibrated gauge,and maintain for the specified period of time.Any evidence of leakage from the hose or couplings shall be reported.Initial appearance of bubbles may be an indication of air entrapped in the hose wall.Agitate the hose after2min to break the air bubbles from the hose surface.Following this a steady stream of bubbles from any location shall be considered failure to meet the test.16.Bursting Tests16.1Straight Bursting Test—The specimen for the hydro-static test for bursting strength shall be at least450mm(18in.) in length for hose76mm(3in.)and smaller in inside diameter, and at least600mm(24in.)in length for larger hose.Shorter or longer lengths may be burst tested when circumstances dictate,for example,when a burst on a manufactured part is specified.The pressure shall be raised as specified in Section 15,until failure,and the pressure at which failure occurs shall be considered the bursting strength of the hose.16.2Curved Bursting Test—The curved bursting strength test for woven rubber-linedfire hose shall be made in accor-dance with16.1,except that the hose shall befirmly secured at both ends to a suitable test frame which is curved to a radius of 690mm(27in.).16.3Precision and Bias:16.3.1This precision and bias section has been prepared in accordance with Practice D4483.Refer to Practice D4483for terminology and other statistical calculation details.16.3.2The precision results in this precision and bias section give an estimate of the precision of this test method with the rubber materials used in the particular inter-laboratory program is described below.The precision parameters should not be used for acceptance/rejection testing of any group of materials without documentation that they are applicableto 4those particular materials and the specific testing protocols that include this test method.16.3.2.1A Type 1(inter-laboratory)precision was evaluated in 1989.Both repeatability and reproducibility are short-term;a period of a few days separate replica to test results.A test result is the average value as specified by this method,obtained on two determinations or measurements of the property or parameter in question.(1)Seven different types of hose were used in the inter-laboratory program.These were tested in varying numbers of laboratories as given in Table 1on two different days.(2)The results of the precision calculations for repeatabil-ity and reproducibility are given in Table 1in ascending order of average hose burst pressure expressed in MPa.(3)The precision of this test method may be expressed in the format of the following statements which use an appropri-ate value of r ,R ,(r ),or (R ),to be used in decisions of test results.The appropriate value is that value of r or R associated with a mean value in the precision table closest to the main level under consideration at any given time,for any given hose in routine testing operations.(4)Repeatability —The repeatability,r ,of this test method has been established as the appropriate value tabulated in the precision table.Two single test results,obtained under normal test method procedures,that differ by more than this tabulated r (for any given level)must be considered as derived from different or non-identical sample populations.(5)Reproducibility —The reproducibility,R ,of this test method has been established as the appropriate value tabulatedin the precision table.Two single test results obtained in two different laboratories,under normal test method procedures,that differ by more than the tabulated R (for any given level)must be considered to have come from different or non-identical sample populations.(6)Repeatability and reproducibility expressed as a per-centage of the mean level,(r )and (R ),have equivalent application statements as above for r and R .For the (r )and (R )statements,the difference in the two single results is expressed as a percentage of the rhythmic mean of the two test results.16.3.3Bias —In test method terminology,bias is the differ-ence between an average test value and the reference (or true)test property value.Reference values do not exist for this test method since the value (of the test property)is exclusively defined by the test method.Bias,therefore,cannot be deter-mined.17.Hydrostatic Pressure Tests17.1When tests for elongation,contraction,twist,warp,rise,and outside diametrical expansion are required,the hose shall be stretched out straight for inspection,and a pressure of 70kPa (10psi)applied.All original observations and measure-ments shall be taken at this pressure.Measurements shall be made using a graduated tape.The designated test pressure shall be applied at the rate specified in Section 15,without releasing the original pressure of 70kPa (10psi),and final measure-ments taken.The test pressure shall be applied for a minimum of 15s prior to taking final measurements.N OTE 5—The application of a pressure of 70kPa (10psi)prior to initial measurements is to assure that the hose is round,straight,and at manufactured length at the time of measurement.On very low pressure hose,such as ducting,this initial pressure might have a major effect on the attributes being measured.In such cases a lower initial pressure will provide a more valid evaluation of these attributes.17.1.1Elongation and Contraction —Measurements for the determination of elongation and contraction shall be based:(1)for hose,on distance between bench marks placed on hose;(2)for assemblies,on “free length,”which is the distance between end connections on the hose.The results shall be reported as elongation if the final length is greater than the original length and as contraction if the final length is less than the original length.All results shall be reported to the nearest 1%.17.1.2Twist —The amount of twist may be determined by noting,during the period the pressure is applied,the turns of the fitting at the free end of the hose.A crayon or pencil mark on the top surface of the hose adjacent to the closed coupling should be made so as to aid in determining the twist.Twist sometimes occurs quite rapidly.The amount of twist shall be reported to the nearest 45°.The direction of twist shall be reported as “right”or “left,”a “right”twist being one in the direction that would tend to tighten the couplings.17.1.3Warp —Warping in hose tests is the deviation from a straight line drawn from fitting to fitting in a plane parallel to the surface on which the hose rests.The amount of warping is the maximum deviation of any portion of the hose from a straight line drawn from center to center of the fittings.The warp is measured as the distance from this line to the center line of the hose at the point of maximum deviation.A tightly stretched cord may be used to establish the straight line fromTABLE 1Precision for Hose Burst Strength AType Hose No.of Labora-tories BAverage Burst Pressure,MPa Within Laboratories Between Laboratories Sr r (r)SRR(R)50013 2.820.1210.3412.20.2290.6523.280014 5.510.3460.9817.80.455 1.2923.416001315.20.558 1.5810.4 1.21 3.4222.525001015.90.2940.83 5.210.821 2.3214.68000975.7 1.53 4.32 5.71 2.677.5810.0514********.4 3.519.927.38 4.0811.548.592000010179.8 5.7416.29.0112.134.219.01Hose Pressure No.of Labora-tories Average Burst Pressure,psi Within Laboratory Between LaboratoriesSr r (r)SR R (R)5001341017.65012.2339423.0800148005014217.86618723.416001322108122910.417549622.4250010231042120 5.211933714.68000910980222627 5.7388109910.014000111951050814407.459216758.620000102610083223569.01755496719.0ASymbols are defined as follows:Sr =Within laboratory standard deviation.r =Repeatability (in measurement units).(r)=Repeatability (in percent).SR =Between laboratory standard deviations.R =Reproducibility (in measurement units).(R)=Reproducibility (in percent).BNumber of laboratories participating in testing this type ofhose.5。

橡胶或塑料涂覆织物 导风筒-最新国标

橡胶或塑料涂覆织物导风筒1 范围本文件规定了橡胶或塑料涂覆织物导风筒的分类、结构和规格型号、要求、试验方法、检验规则、标志、包装、运输和贮存等。

本文件适用于用于非煤矿山、隧道、水利工程、地铁和人防工程等进行局部通风,以橡胶或塑料涂覆织物制成的正、负压导风筒。

2 规范性引用文件下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。

其中,注日期的引用文件,仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本文件。

GB/T 338 工业用甲醇GB/T 394.1 工业酒精GB/T 1222 弹簧钢GB/T 3078 优质结构钢冷拉钢材GB/T 10111 随机数的产生及其在产品质量抽样检验中的应用程序GB/T 15335 风筒漏风率和风阻的测定方法HG/T 2580-2022 橡胶或塑料涂覆织物拉伸强度和拉断伸长率的测定HG/T 2581.1-2022 橡胶或塑料涂覆织物耐撕裂性能的测定第1部分:恒速撕裂法HG/T 3050.3 橡胶或塑料涂覆织物整卷特性的测定第3部分:测定厚度的方法HG/T 3052 橡胶或塑料涂覆织物涂覆层粘合强度的测定MT/T 182 酒精喷灯燃烧器的结构与技术要求QB/T 5784 尼龙防水拉链3 术语和定义本文件没有需要界定的术语和定义。

4 分类、结构和规格型号分类4.1.1 按用途分为正压导风筒和负压导风筒。

4.1.2 按性能分为具有阻燃性能、抗静电性能的导风筒(S类)和具有阻燃性能的导风筒(D类)。

结构4.2.1 正压导风筒的结构示意图见图1。

4.2.2 负压导风筒的结构示意图见图2。

标引序号说明:1——接头;2——筒体;3——吊环;4、5——反边。

图1 正压导风筒结构示意图a)正视图 b)侧视图标引序号说明:1——接头;2——螺旋钢丝;3——压条;4——吊环;5——筒体。

图2 负压导风筒结构示意图规格型号FT □□□□×□公称长度(L),单位:m公称直径(D),单位:mmS表示具有阻燃性能、抗静电性能,D表示具有阻燃性能S表示塑料涂覆织物,X表示橡胶涂覆织物Z表示正压,F表示负压导风筒示例1:FTZSD600×10表示公称直径为600 mm,采用塑料涂覆织物,公称长度为10 m,具有阻燃性能的塑料涂覆织物正压导风筒。

国家标准橡胶软管及软管组合件钢丝编织增强液压型

国家标准《压缩空气用织物增强橡胶软管规范》编制说明(征求意见稿)一、任务来源根据国标委综合[2014]89号文《关于下达2014年第二批国家标准制修订计划的通知》的要求,由我司负责修订国家标准《压缩空气用织物增强橡胶软管规范》,项目编号为20142671-T-606,完成时间2015年。

二、标准起草单位及主要起草人该标准的主要起草单位:山东省蓬莱市临阁橡塑制品有限公司、沈阳橡胶研究设计院。

该标准的主要起草人:三、工作过程(一)翻译,以及新旧版、国内外标准的对比首先完成了对国际标准ISO 2398:2006《压缩空气用织物增强橡胶软管规范》的翻译和校对工作。

然后与ISO 2398:1998版、GB/T 1186-2007版进行了对比。

GB/T 1186-2007版标准是修改采用ISO 2398:1998版国际标准,ISO 2398:1998版国际标准在2006年进行了修订,ISO 2398:2006与前一版相比,主要变动如下:——修改了范围(见第1章,2007版的);——增加了术语和定义(见第3章);——修改了软管的分类(见第4章,2007版的第章);——增加了“结构和材料”(见第5章);——修改了“软管内径的要求”(见6.1,2007版的5.1);——增加了“软管同心度的要求”(见6.2);——增加了“软管长度公差的要求”(见6.3);——增加了“软管胶料物理性能要求”(见7.1);——增加了“弯曲变形”(见7.2)。

(二)本标准与国际标准一致性对应程度的整理——GB/T 528-2009 硫化橡胶或热塑性橡胶拉伸应力应变性能的测定(ISO37:2005,IDT);——GB/T 1690-2010 硫化橡胶或热塑性橡胶耐液体试验方法(ISO 1817:2005,MOD);——GB/T 3512-2014 硫化橡胶或热塑性橡胶热空气加速老化和耐热试验 (ISO 188:2011,IDT);——GB/T 5563-2013 橡胶和塑性软管及软管组合件静液压试验方法(ISO 1402:2009,IDT);——GB/T 7 528 -2011 橡胶和塑料软管及软管组合件术语(ISO 8330:2007,IDT);——GB/T 9573-2013 橡胶和塑料软管及软管组合件软管尺寸和软管组合件长度测量方法(ISO 4671:2007,IDT);——GB/T 9575-2013 橡胶和塑料软管软管规格和最大最小内径及切割长度公差(ISO 1307:2006,IDT);——GB/T 14905-2009 橡胶和塑料软管各层间粘合强度测定(ISO 8033:2006,IDT)。

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NF F 11-380 -1994 铁路车辆铁路交通车辆压缩空气橡胶软管有关信息:于此文献发表之日,相同的项目在铁路领域暂无有关的欧洲或国际标准。

分析:此文献包括对用于铁路交通车辆设备的空气压缩橡胶软管的详细讲明,以及对其认证与验证的条件。

另外,关于UIC 830-1的要求,此文献作了补充和进一步的详细讲明,在此文献的第1类中有对用于空气压缩制动管接口和管的加固型橡胶软管的供货讲明。

描述:国际科技辞典:铁路设备,铁路交通车辆,橡胶管,压缩空气,分类,特点,外观,尺寸,操作特点,认证,试验,验证,传输,包装。

修正更正名目前言应用范畴参考标准定义分类组成材料生产特点几何与物理特点操作特点物理化学特点制作可描述性供应商资格和生产场地认证产品生产质量的操纵及监测试验试验性质试验结果试验比率批量样品及样品配置性能验证和试验几何及物理特点操作要求物理化学特点运输与存放存档担保-可靠性参考文献附件A(标准化)连接-标准尺寸-1类软管附件B(标准化)标记持久性试验附件C(标准化)抗弯曲试验方法-1类软管附件D(标准)抗冲击试验仪器的原理-1类软管附件E(标准化)抗冲击试验心轴附件F(标准化)抗冲击试验仪器的原理-2类软管附件G(标准化)装配试验仪器的原理-1类软管前言此文献基于技术讲明ST47J 关于加固的用于空气压缩制动接口及管道的人造橡胶软管供货的技术讲明ST380B 铁路车辆中空气压缩所使用的软管供货的技术讲明文献UIC830-1O已对加固的用于空气压缩制动接口及管道的人造橡胶软管供货作了技术讲明,此文献作了些补充及进一步的详细讲明。

附件A、B、C、D、E、F、和G均是标准化的,同时是此文献整体的一部分。

1 应用范畴此文献对铁路领域应用到的空气压缩中橡胶软管的生产、认证和检测作了有关特点与条件的讲明。

此文献中“客户”系指按照NF F 01-310标准要求下订单的一方。

此文献中“软管”系指空气压缩软管。

2 参考标准此文献参考了其他有关出版物中的要求。

文献中摘录了一些有关标准,并已列出有关参考出版物。

2.1 法国标准NF F 00-80 大体上的铁路设施---产品认证程序---一样法则NF F 01-310 铁路车辆---为满足订单要求的生产厂家和供应商之间的技术服务划分NF F 01-510 铁路车辆---车内设施或零部件所需的环境条件NF F 01-802 铁路车辆---试验分类和定义NF F 11-017 铁路运输设施---空气压缩制动管道---25毫米半连轴节NF F 11-018 铁路运输设施---空气压缩制动管道---25毫米直径软管NF F 16-101 铁路车辆---材料的火势-选择NF ISO 105/F02 纺织品---不退色试验---规范试验标准布讲明:棉质、纤维胶(分类指标:G07-091)NF F 11-380NF T 46-002 硫化橡胶或热塑料橡胶---抗拉试验NF T 46-003 橡胶或相似的人造橡胶---硫化橡胶的国际硬度试验(30到94DIDC)NF T 46-004 硫化橡胶或热塑料橡胶---抗加速老化和抗热测定---空气加热试验(同ISO188)NF T 46-009 硫化人造橡胶---等延伸后,常温顺高温下拉力设置的试验---(同ISO2285)NF T 46-013 硫化橡胶或热塑料橡胶---液体效应测定NF T 46-019 硫化橡胶或热塑料橡胶---抗臭氧分解---静电延伸试验NF T 46-021 橡胶和相似的人造橡胶---重复牵引的动态疲劳试验NF EN 28033橡胶和塑料软管---零部件间的粘附测定(分类指标:T 47-130)NF T 47-202 橡胶和塑料---软管及管道的液压试验NF EN 21476 橡胶或塑料管---弯曲试验(分类指标:T 47-203)NF T 47-204 橡胶及类似人造橡胶---管道或软管接触或浸润于液体中的抗击试验(试验方法)NF EN 27326 橡胶及塑料软管---静电条件下抗臭氧评定(分类指标:T 47-205)NF T 47-252 工业用空气压缩软管---特点NF X 50-120 质量---词汇2.2 国际标准ISO 683-11 热处理用钢,精确车削加工用合金钢---第11部分:表层硬化用焊接港ISO 8331 橡胶或塑料的软管---选择、存放、使用、爱护指南3 定义以下定义仅适用于此文献(见图表1),在NF T 47-252标准中已列出。

3.1 加固:尽管使用时,软管组成要素受机械应力支配,但其依旧坚持其通常的圆柱形状及尺寸。

3.2 涂层:软管外层设计用于加固爱护3.3 管:软管内层涂层(图片上文字从上到下分别是)涂层、加固层、管软管:组装(加固、涂层、管)4 分类按照使用不一样,用于空气压缩管道的橡胶软管可分成不同类别。

---1类:按照NF F 11-017标准,制动半联轴节使用加固的橡胶软管---2类:车辆中使用的橡胶软管5 组成部分材料软管由橡胶管及其涂层通过纺织品加固组合而成,以此来保证管的弹性及强度。

任何其他组成部分必须通过客户认证。

5.1 管及软管涂层橡胶的选择用供货商决定。

如有要求,供货商须告知客户软管性质。

混合物的配制生产量必须和认证过程中生产的零部件一致(见11条)。

5.2 加固加固用的纺织品的选择也由供货商自行决定。

如有要求,供货商须告知客户加固性质。

6 生产生产软管的过程及方法由供货商行使主动权。

生产过程需经客户认证。

每次软管的构成或者生产过程有更换,则认证也须重新进行。

禁止任何改动以隐藏错误,并可能对产品使用产生反作用的行为。

7 特点软管必须能够行使其功能,同时在NF F 01-510标准中列举的环境条件下可不能退化。

一样条件下,软管在压缩空气时,可能会接触到一些污染物,如油、水、微尘等。

而表面涂层则可能接触到油污。

因此需要在使用过程中充分了解软管的环境条件。

7.1 几何及物理特点7.1.1 外观任何可能对软管的使用及工作寿命起到反作用的起凸、爆裂及其它有关缺陷均不可发生。

另外,尾端必须洁净没有粘附物,横截面必须垂直于软管纵轴,内部表面必须光滑。

7.1.2 尺寸软管尺寸按照订单指示。

7.1.2.1 1类软管尺寸要求见NF A 11-018标准7.1.2.2 2类软管如无其它指示,尺寸要求见表1表17.2 功能性特点7.2.1 软管弯曲度7.2.1.1 1类软管在14.2.1.1实验条件下,产生弯曲的力度必须小于等于130牛顿,同时表面必须没有折痕。

软管最大扁率必须小于等于正常软管外径的16%。

7.2.1.2 2类软管在14.2.1.2实验条件下,必须没有扁平或变形产生,因此滚珠的直径应等于软管内径的70%(±0.1毫米),如此滚珠才能顺畅的通过软管。

7.2.2 压力下软管变形试验在14.2.2实验条件下,软管不能够有任何渗漏、膨胀或破裂。

压力下可承诺的尺寸变化见表2。

表27.2.3 软管爆破强度在14.2.3试验条件下,爆破压力至少等于表3中所给值。

表3度量毫米7.2.4 管与涂层的抗分离试验在14.2.4实验条件下,使管与涂层分隔的力度的算术中项必须至少等于表4中所给值。

表47.2.5 软管抗冲击试验软管必须能够承担服务时可能遇到的冲击。

在14.2.5实验条件下,冲击试验终止时,软管爆破压力必须至少等于表3中所给值。

7.2.6 软管抗低温变形试验软管必须在低温时也能变形。

1类软管必须具有这种特性。

在14.2.6试验条件下,软管的弯曲极限必须等于至少20毫米。

7.2.7 简易组装及连接件的拆卸这些特点仅适用于1类软管7.2.7.1 简易组装在14.2.7.1条件下,将附件A中所述标准连接器应十分容易地连接到软管,如此软管尾端才能完全接触到连接器。

装配后,软管和连接器的轴角度偏差不能够大于5°。

7.2.7.2 拆装在14.2.7.2所述试验终止时,压力如小于等于20巴,则连接件不能从软管处滑落。

7.2.8 软管抗低温试验此特点仅适用于2类软管。

在14.2.8中低温阻力试验终止时,软管在14.2.3所述条件下,其爆破压力必须等于至少50巴。

7.3 物理化学特性7.3.1 管及涂层的抗牵引动力疲劳试验在14.3.1实验条件下,用于试验的样品管及软管涂层必须能够承担连续牵引而不破裂。

7.3.2 等延长管的拉力设置此特点是用于1类软管在14.3.2实验条件下,用于试验的管在连续拉伸条件下,其拉力设置以及在70℃条件下,其空气陈化程度必须小于等于12%。

7.3.3 涂层的抗臭氧试验软管必须能抗击臭氧阻碍。

在14.3.3试验条件下,直到试验终止都不能够显现分解现象。

7.4.3 管的硬度变化在14.3.4试验条件下,正常情形下,管的硬度变化误差必须在(-2,+ 8)D.I.D.C 范畴内。

7.3.5 管及涂层的抗油性能此特性是用于2类软管在14.3.5试验条件下,管及涂层量的变化必须在0到+15%变化范畴内。

如果样品厚度为(2±0.2)毫米,并不刻意进行样品试验,那么其量的变化可同意程度为20%。

7.3.6 火的情形在14.3.6试验条件下,对火的要求参照NF F 16-101标准中第13栏1类软管,及第6栏2类软管要求。

8 标记8.1 1类软管1类软管的标记参见NF F 11-018标准。

8.2 2类软管2类软管的标记,每间隔30厘米则标上一下标记,并用明显的不刻消的墨水。

——供货商的品牌,或者其它能够代表该供货商的惯用标志——生产季度及年份的最后两位数——软管的内径——现有文献的索引——生产批号。

在同一生产设备及生产操作下,使用同一名字,同一类型及统一时刻的产品属于同一生产批号。

9 可描述性成品零部件不管是在操作、检测、依旧运输时期,其各种原材料必须明确、可描述,供货商在整个操作系统中必须做到并坚持这一特点。

他们必须保证他们供货的零部件的可描述性,以能够较简单的检索到有关的历史数据,方便链接并能确定有关产品。

凭软管上标记即可达到可描述性包含以下几点:——材料来源、生产方式及契约特点——转化及操作处理可描述性应适用于采纳同一种生产、检测的产品。

10 供货商资格及生产场所生产软管的各种生产步骤可能只是由供货商执行,场地则是由铁路公司客户按照NF F 00-800标准讲明的条件来选择。

11 认证认证程序按NF F 00-800标准1类软管,第2类试验须和NF F 00-800标准一致。

具体的方式(性质、连续性)应按照铁路公司客户和供货商之间协商决定。

2类软管,认证所给的直径关于表3中直径范畴均有效。

只有当供应商认为产品差不多满足现有文件的要求,才能让其通过认证。

然后,他们将通知铁路公司客户有关试验结果,并提供十个在生产条件下生产的软管。

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