精编american politics and economy lecture-michael美国的经济、政治介绍ppt课件(英文
lecture 3 美国政治
Coincidence of Some Presidents
One of the 19 men elected to the Presidency between 1840 & 1960 were assassinated (John Kennedy in 1963) & 4 died in office, so 8 of the men elected as Vice-President before Ford acceded to the highest office (in May 1945 Vice-President Truman became President only 4 months after the 4-year period had begun.
Separation of Powers
At each level, in state & Union, there is a constitution which defines & limits political power, & which provides safeguards against tyranny & means for popular participation. In each state, power is divided between 3 agencies, with law-making power given to a legislature (usually of 2 houses, elected for fixed terms), an executive (the governor), & finally the judges of the State Supreme Court. The Federal government also has 3 elements--executive (the President), legislature (Congress), & judicial, & the 3 elements are checked & balanced by each other.
中西方教育差异英语作文
中美教育差异的英语作文1Education is culture, and different educations show different societies culture. Americans regard education as the means by which the inequalities among individuals are to be erased and by which every desirable end is to be achieved. While Chinese education is for foundation education, but students may be not learn much. But all in all, different education systems account for the different phenomenon, because different society backgrounds and different culture helps human create a different country in the world.The different society structure plays an important part in the education system. In China, all those who can enter the University have received an elite education and before enrollment they have devoted themselves to hard studying. Therefore, they are good at getting high marks on mathematics, psychics and so on. However, they are lack of chances to practice skills in real world thus having no social experiences. In that case, after graduation, most students find it difficult to find a satisfactory job though many of them get a job through the relationship net.While in America, the education system pays more attention to social skills than to marks .Students have developed the ability to be independence in life and work. After university, they show greatcapability of thinking, innovation and creation which make them keep pace with the modern world. They are competent for the challenging work and can gain a good job in America with ease.There is a huge gap on education between America and China, but we cant say which one is right or wrong, ‘cause each of the education system is based on the different backgrounds, American education should be following the Americans culture, meanwhile, Chinese education has to follow Chinese culture. A good education model for China is very important to the learning process, and also is very hard. But the most important thing we need is the modern education which is internationalization education system and localization education systems unite for China and America, this is also what the education itself needs.中美教育差异的英语作文2The Differences of Education between China and U.SBased on checking the extensive literature and summing up the evidence, it is clear that study about differences of higher education between China and US has carried out a lot which mainly explaines the differences from different aspects of higher edcation between China and the United States. Such aspects mainly includes the social environment and cultural tradition, higher education system and reform measures. Inthe Integration of these differences, advantages and evils of both educational systems have been evaluated respectively, and corresponding improvement measures were also put forwords. By summary, the detailed conclusions are listed as follows:US is a open society. The societys openness urges the American college to abandon old educational thoughts which European traditional universities stick to, adopt the open policy to absorb all advatanges from other countries and establishe a diverse and open education control system which emphasizes on the actual effect. US is the biggest imigrant country which has very strong containing nature in the culture. American economy ephiseizes on the practical value, matter rewards as well as individual value realization with fast development, rich material life, strong material idea and etc.Uss higher education was considered as the best education in the world. Comparing the elementary education between American and China, peoples universal view will be: Chinas elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and less thought; while USs education aims to bulid such an education to raise the creativity with less study and more thought. Now Chinese students are generally regarded as intalents with few intelligence and high scores. What causes for such a view? Because the Chinese students study more,actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of application. Therefore, it is very important for Chinese higher education to cultivate the idea of unifying the study and prctice.USs education pays more attention to raise studentsself-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but Chinas education emphases on training the students to be strict,rigorous spiritual.Obviously, Chinese education may fruitfully develop and ultilize the function of cerebrum, but USs higher education could expand the function of cerebrum by ultilizing and synthesizing the information outside.Each national higher education as economic systems reflection serves for the economy; US education aims to adapt for society demand, they explicitly stipulate three big functions including educations service for the economic development, scientific research and teaching. The manifest of service in the establishment of specialty curriculum is to meet the social need, set up special curriculum and specialty which the society needs; In Chinas universities, during quite long period of time, the establishment of specialty curriculum lacks the change and couldnot follow social demand.In order to adapt the society, the American universities has established many specialties and curriculum of choice for students; Thestudents choose or transformate specialties and schools according to own interest and hobby. The American higher education system is extremely diverse and flexible, which is solo in the world higher education; In China, the student may choose the specialty according to own interest and hobby, but change of specialty in the school is not easy, and transformation of school is more difficult.When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description. The American students donot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as possible; This can cultivate students study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action.Many teachers still adopted old teaching ways in the Chinese universities, thus take a test which needs mechanical memorizing.Due to the development of science and technology, connections between higher education and national politics, economy,science,culture, military relation is day by day closer. The higher education is vigorous and upward, and it not only simply performances for the growth of quantity, but especially has had the huge change in the nature[1]. The advanced level of higher education has become a thesymbol of national strength.We should clarify the difference of higher education between China and American, at the same time absorb the advantges to profit from the American higher education so as to faster the reform andthe development of our higher education.中美教育差异的英语作文3Uss higher education was considered as the best education in the world.Comparing the elementary education between American and China, peoples universal view will be: Chinas elementary education aims to build the foundation of education with more study and less thought; while USs education aims to bulid such an education to raise the creativity with less study and more thought. Now Chinese students are generally regarded as intalents with few intelligence and high scores. intalents What causes for such a view? Because the Chinese students study more, actually pay little attention to the practice, and cannot study for the purpose of application. Therefore, it is very important for Chinese higher education to cultivate the idea of unifying the study and prctice.USs education pays more attention to raise studentsself-confidence,independence,spirit of supporting oneself, but Chinas education emphases on training the students to be strict,rigorous spiritual. Obviously, Chinese education may fruitfully develop and ultilizethe function of cerebrum, but USs higher education could expand the function of cerebrum by ultilizingand synthesizing the information outside.The American higher education system is extremely diverse and flexible, which is solo in the world higher education; In China, the student may choose the specialty according to own interest and hobby, but change of specialty in the school is not easy, and transformation of school is more difficult. When American school inspects the result of student, they emphasize more on the ability to analyze and solve the question but not the ability of memory or description.The American studentsdonot need the mechanical memorizing, but display creative thought as far as possible; This can cultivate students study interest, raise the ability of doing it byself and make the study be one kind of creative action. Many teachers still adopted old teaching ways in the Chinese universities, thus take a test which needs mechanical memorizing.American parents open education that:(1) pay attention to practical exercise, emphasize the child in practice, not a lecture.Americans believe that, every child, everything makes children yourself to finish in task in the process to improve knowledge, accumulate experience, master technology, enhance ability, raises theinterest expertise, and increase the confidence and sense of responsibility.(2) the value play games, americans think playing children this age is the most important thing.In the United States, children in the activities, sports activities time is abundant, activity places is everywhere.Parents often use holiday weekend, lead the child goes out to play, play in the process of developing intelligent such as perception, imagine, judgment, reasoning and human communication and the mood adjustment, etc.Chinese parents are enclosed education:(1) to preach to give priority to, the contempt practice activities the important role.The parents and children requirement is reading, even can provide for oneself by their parents wishes activities, and led to many Chinese children learned a lot of knowledge are useless, took to the society after what also cant.(2) outdoor activities less, because the Chinese children learn from morning till night dont finish homework do not over of homework, be homework overwhelmed; Sometimes even if want to move and is hard to find good site.。
LectureEconomyofAmerica
which sought to fight inflation by increasing supply and reducing demand.
On one hand ,taxes were cut to increase economic dynamism.
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1902年移民者乘船抵达美国大量的移民促成美国的经济繁荣
2. History of American Economy
• (3) The 20th Century • ① the early of twentieth century • prosperity; • low inflation;
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3. Current American Economy
• (3) Service • (4) High-tech • (5) Foreign trade • ◇ Problems in the U.S. Economy • Poverty, • Unemployment, • Inflation, • Financial deficit, • Trade deficit,
● Colonial economy
↓
farming economy
↓
industrial economy
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• 2. History of American Economy economic freedom low levels of regulation and government involvement
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3. Current American Economy
托福听力tpo45 section2 对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文
托福听力tpo45section2对话讲座原文+题目+答案+译文Conversation2 (2)原文 (2)题目 (4)答案 (5)译文 (6)Lecture3 (7)原文 (7)题目 (10)答案 (12)译文 (12)Lecture4 (14)原文 (14)题目 (17)答案 (19)译文 (19)Conversation2原文NARRATOR:Listen to a conversation between a student and her economics professor.MALE PROFESSOR:Excellent presentation you made at the end of class yesterday!FEMALE STUDENT:Oh,thanks!MALE PROFESSOR:I'm so glad you volunteered to present first.Starting out by outlining what you were going to say,then,at the end,summarizing the key points—it was a very effective way of getting your points across.FEMALE STUDENT:I'm glad you think so.I was afraid it might come across as…too formal.MALE PROFESSOR:Not at all.In fact,I think it's a great approach,in general,for these presentations,so I hope the others were taking note.And the economic model you discussed—build-operate-transfer—I think everyone was quite interested.FEMALE STUDENT:Yeah,it makes so much sense.If governments allow private companies to build public works,like a power plant,and then operate it for a decade or two before transferring ownership to the government,everyone benefits.MALE PROFESSOR:Yes,the private companies make a profit,the public gets a needed infrastructure.FEMALE STUDENT:And all without the government having to spend any money up front.Which is amazing.MALE PROFESSOR:Right.FEMALE STUDENT:Anyway…as I said in my presentation,this model's being used in Turkey right now,and you said,when you handed out that brochure in class last week—about the university's Global Enrichment Initiative,you said one of the countries involved in that is Turkey.MALE PROFESSOR:Yes,that’s right.FEMALE STUDENT:So,I wanted to see if there's a chance…uh,the university sends fifteen students overseas to study?MALE PROFESSOR:Fifteen students per country—fifteen for Turkey,fifteen for Brazil, fifteen for Russia…We’ve got a total of six countries participating next summer.FEMALE STUDENT:Oh!MALE PROFESSOR:Yeah,and you spend six weeks in whichever country you’re selected for.The classroom component consists of seminars on that country's culture, politics,and economy.Most sessions are taught in English by local professors,but two of our faculty accompany each group and also give seminars.I'll be going to Brazil to teach a seminar on coffee next summer.FEMALE STUDENT:But you're an economist!MALE PROFESSOR:Coffee’s played a central role in Brazil's economic development for over200years.About a third of the coffee consumed worldwide is produced in Brazil.FEMALE STUDENT:Oh,I had no idea.Hmm.So,if I applied…I mean,can students pick the country they wanna go to?'Cause if I could go to Turkey…MALE PROFESSOR:Well,the primary goal of the Global Enrichment Initiative is simply cultural exchange…so students who’ve never been overseas before can broaden their perspective.This is why,on the application,you’re asked to indicate your first-,second-,and third-choice countries.FEMALE STUDENT:I’m only interested in Turkey,though.I'm studying both Turkish and Turkish history this term.MALE PROFESSOR:I see.FEMALE STUDENT:And,maybe I could learn more about how they're implementing the build-operate-transfer model there.Plus,I wouldn't wanna take a spot away fromsomeone who really wanted to go to one of the other countries.MALE PROFESSOR:Well,I guess you could leave the second and third choices blank…题目1.Why does the woman go to see the professor?A.To get suggestions about what to include in her next presentationB.To follow up on a question she had raised in classC.To update him on a research project she is helping him organizeD.To get information about a program that he had mentioned in class2.What do the speakers agree is a benefit of the build-operate-transfer economic model that they discuss?A.It permits government engineers to work on private construction projectsB.It helps private companies buy facilities that were built by the governmentC.It enables public facilities to be constructed without government funding.D.It enables private companies to operate public facilities that the government builds.3.Why does the professor point out how much coffee is produced in Brazil?A.To give an example of the economic model the woman is interested inB.To explain why it is appropriate for him to teach a seminar about coffeeC.To help clarify one of the goals of the Global Enrichment InitiativeD.To correct a common misperception about Brazil's economy4.Why is the woman interested in applying to go only to Turkey?[Click on2answers]A.She has been studying Turkey's history and language.B.She has already visited Brazil and Russia.C.She believes that selecting just one country will help her get accepted into the program.D.She would like to see how an economic model she studied is put into practice there.5.What does the professor imply when he says this:(PROFESSOR)I'm so glad you volunteered to present first!A.He thinks that going first helped the woman be less nervous about giving a presentation.B.He hopes other students will structure their presentations the way the woman did.C.The woman was the first student ever to give a presentation on Turkey's economy in his class.D.He is relieved that the class is staying on schedule for making presentations.答案D C B AD B译文旁白：听一段学生和她的经济学教授之间的对话。
Unit 12 Politics and Economy (爱尔兰的政治和经济)
Unit 12 Politics and Economy (爱尔兰的政治和经济)一、本单元重点内容1. Representative democracy (代议民主制)2. The structure of Irish government（爱尔兰政府的结构）3. Checks and balances (制约与平衡)4. Civil Services (公务员制度)5. The Irish legal system (爱尔兰法律制度)6. Small, open, trade-dependent economy(小型，开放，贸易依赖型经济) andEconomic transformation(经济转型)7. Ireland‟s accession to the EU as a watershed (爱尔兰加入欧盟是一个分水岭)8. Social change(社会变迁)9. New prosperity(新的繁荣) and New inequalities(新的不平等)二、本单元重、难点辅导1. The political system1) Representative democracy (代议民主制)2) Republic (共和制)2. The structure of Irish government（爱尔兰政府的结构）1) The PresidentThe President acts as a symbolic Head of State only and does not have executive functions. The Irish Presidency perhaps is nearer to the status of the present Queen in England than to that of the President of the United States.(爱尔兰的总统是象征性的国家元首，并不具有行政职能,更像英国的女王而不像美国的总统。
美国经济英语(课堂PPT)
of the world? 2. Biotechnology has led to the development of seeds that are disease-and drought-
resistant. 3. Computer track farm operations, and even space technology is utilized to find the best place to plant crops. 4. Researchers periodically introduce new food products and new methods for raising them.
Printing paper money and opening diplomatic relations with foreign powers. George Washington, a wealthy Virginia planter, was respected as a man of ability and integrity.
Once a colonel in the French and Indian War; One of the few Americans with considerable military experience; Led the continental army to the victory of the Independence War.
4
three parts
America in the colonial Era
History of American Economy
英美文化选修课 Lecture 2 History练习答案
I. 1-5: TTTTF 6-10: TTFFT 11-15: TFTFT 16-20: TFTFTII. 1-5: DDBCC 6-10: ABACD 11-15: CBCDB 16-20: BCACDIII.1.The America’s policy of neutrality changed in 1940. Because of the formation of the Axis, theAmerican government feared that the Axis countries were winning the war and it might threaten America’s security and interests. It began to provide war equipment to the foreign nations resisting the aggression of the Axis Powers. The Japanese air raid on Pearl Harbor became the direct cause for America’s entrance into the war.2.Nixon made three well-known contributions: a) brought the Vietnam War to a close; b)reestablishing US relations with China; c) negotiating the first Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty with the former Soviet Union.3.Reagan’s economic programs called for reductions in income taxes and business taxes inorder to encourage investment, and it proposed deep cuts in federal spending in every area except defense. It also requested that many government regulations be eliminated so as to reduce the federal government’s role in the day-to-day operation of business.4. They are the House of Commons and the House of Lords.5. Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect. She promoted further industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce. By the end of her reign, Britain had developed to an empire including a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass.6. The Central Powers which included Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria and the Allied Powers which were mainly comprised of France, the Russian Empire, the British Empire, Italy and the United States.7. Because they were allied during the war and shared the same worries about the former Soviet Union.IV.1.The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivityincreased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sprang up.Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes declined, and new ones emerged and developed.2.Colonization of Newfoundland, the first British colony overseas, in 1583 marked thebeginning of the British Empire. By 1837, Britain had long been an empire which included the colonies in Canada, Australia, New Zealand, India and many small states in the West Indies. By the end of the 19th century, the British Empire included a quarter of the global population and nearly a quarter of the world’s landmass. During the mid-19th century, the British government consolidated the existing colonies by bringing them under the direct control of the government. Before World War I, Britain had the largest colonial empire in the world. However, Britain suffered great loss to its manpower in the two World Wars and exhausted its reserves of gold, dollars and overseas investment. Most of Britain’s colonies gained independence since the 1940s, which inevitably led to the fall of the Empire.3.The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural life by themid-19th century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage theirplantations, and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government to finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly against it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign countries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South and finally the Civil War.4.During the world wars, America remained neutral in the early stage of the wars. However,Americans continued their profitable trade with the warring countries; therefore, they not only retained their military forces but also accumulated great wealth. When America entered the wars, it was almost at the end of the wars,. By sharing the fruit of victory with other allies, America greatly strengthened its power, and became the most powerful country by the end of World War II.。
PART2-American-Politics-and-Government
Some time after this, his father discovered what had happened to his favorite tree. He came into the house in great anger, and demanded to know who the mischievous person was who had cut away the bark. Nobody could tell him anything about it. Just then George, with his little hatchet, came into the room. "George,'' said his father, "do you know who has killed my beautiful little cherry tree yonder in the garden? I would not have taken five guineas for it!'' This was a hard question to answer, and for a moment George was staggered by it, but quickly recovering himself he cried: "I cannot tell a lie, father, you know I cannot tell a lie! I did cut it with my little hatchet.'' The anger died out of his father's face, and taking the boy tenderly in his arms, he said: "My son, that you should not be afraid to tell the truth is more to me than a thousand trees! Yes - though they were blossomed with silver and had
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From Federalist 10
AMONG the numerous advantages promised by a well constructed Union, none deserves to be more accurately developed than its tendency to break and control the violence of faction…The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced into the public councils, have, in truth, been the mortal diseases under which popular governments have everywhere perished…
Prudence, indeed, will dictate that Governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes; and accordingly all experience hath shewn that mankind are more disposed to suffer, while evils are sufferable than to right themselves by abolishing the forms to which they are accustomed. But when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same Object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute Despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such Government, and to provide new Guards for their future security…
SHENANIGANS
American Political Economy: A History, and a Present
Overview
Part I American Politics •History of American Politics •Present of American Politics
(A Gift That Keeps on Giving)
Part II American Economy •Dismal Science •Well, What Now?
From The Declaration of
Independence
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. — That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed, — That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness.
(A Gift That Keeps on Giving)
Part II American Economy •Dismal Science •Well, What Now?
OverviБайду номын сангаасw
Part I American Politics •History of American Politics •Present of American Politics
There are two methods of curing the mischiefs of faction: the one, by removing its causes; the other, by controlling its effects.
There are again two methods of removing the causes of faction: the one, by destroying the liberty which is essential to its existence; the other, by giving to every citizen the same opinions, the same passions, and the same interests.