专四完型填空模拟练习.doc

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全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题完型填空

全国英语等级考试四级模拟试题完型填空完型填空模拟试题Passage 1The first and smallest unit that can be discussed in relation to language is the word. In speaking, the choice of words is 41 the utmost importance. Proper selection will eliminate one source of 42 breakdown in the communication cycle. Too often, careless use of words 43 a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may 44 unfavorable reactions in the listener 45 interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.46 inaccurate or indefinite words may make 47 difficult for the listener to understand the 48 which is being transmitted to him. The speaker who does not have specific words in his working vocabulary may be 49 to explain or describe in a 50 that can be understood by his listeners.41 ［A］of ［B］at［C］for ［D］on42 ［A］inaccessible ［B］timely［C］likely ［D］invalid43 ［A］encourages ［B］prevents［C］destroy ［D］offers44 ［A］pass out ［B］take away［C］back up ［D］stir up45 ［A］who ［B］as［C］which ［D］what46 ［A］Moreover ［B］However［C］Preliminarily ［D］Unexpectedly47 ［A］that ［B］it［C］so ［D］this48 ［A］speech ［B］sense［C］message ［D］meaning49 ［A］obscure ［B］difficult［C］impossible ［D］unable50 ［A］case ［B］means［C］method ［D］wayPassage 2Sleep is divided into periods of so-called REM sleep, characterized by rapid eye movements and dreaming, and longer periods of non-REM sleep. 41 kind of sleep is at all well understood, but REM sleep is 42 to serve some restorative function of the brain. The purpose of non-REM sleep is even more 43 . The new experiments, such as these 44 for the first time at a recent meeting of the Society for Sleep Research in Minneapolis, suggest fascinating explanations 45 of non-REM sleep.For example, it has long been known that total sleep 46 is 100 percent fatal to rats, yet, 47 examination of the dead bodies, the animals look completely normal. A researcher has now 48 the mystery of why the animals die. The rats 49 bacterial infections of the blood, 50 their immune systems—the self—protecting mechanism against diseases—had crashed.41 ［A］Either ［B］Neither［C］Each ［D］Any42 ［A］intended ［B］required［C］assumed ［D］inferred43 ［A］subtle ［B］obvious［C］mysterious ［D］doubtful44 ［A］maintained ［B］described［C］settled ［D］afforded45 ［A］in the light ［B］by virtue［C］with the exception ［D］for the purpose46 ［A］reduction ［B］destruction［C］deprivation ［D］restriction47 ［A］upon ［B］by［C］through ［D］with48 ［A］paid attention to ［B］caught sight of［C］laid emphasis on ［D］cast light on49 ［A］develop ［B］produce［C］stimulate ［D］induce50 ［A］if ［B］as if［C］only if ［D］if onlyPassage 3Vitamins are organic compounds necessary in small amounts in the diet for the normal growth and maintenance of life of animals, including man.They do not provide energy, 41 do they construct or build any part of the body. They are needed for 42 foods into energy and body maintenance. There are thirteen or more of them, and if 43 is missing a deficiency disease becomes44 .Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and 45 nitrogen. They are different 46 their elements are arranged differently, and each vitamin 47 one or more specific functions in the body.48 enough vitamins is essential to life, although the body has no nutritional use for 49 vitamins. Many people, 50 , believe in being on the “safe side” and thus take extra vitamins. However, a well-balanced diet will usually meet all the body's vitamin needs.41. A) either B) so C) nor D) never42. A) shifting B) transferring C) altering D) transforming43. A) any B) some C) anything D) something44. A) serious B) apparent C) severe D) fatal45. A) mostly B) partially C) sometimes D) rarely46. A) in that B) so that C) such that D) except that47. A) undertakes B) holds C) plays D) performs48. A) Supplying B) Getting C) Providing D) Furnishing49. A) exceptional B) exceeding C) excess D) external50. A) nevertheless B) therefore C) moreover D) meanwhilePassage 4Manpower Inc., with 560,000 workers, is the world's largest temporary employment agency. Every morning, its people 41 into the offices and factories of America, seeking a day's work for a day's pay. One day at a time. 42 industrial giants like General Motors and IBM struggle to survive 43reducing the number of employees, Manpower, based in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, is booming.44 its economy continues to recover, the US is increasingly becoming a nation of part-timers and temporary workers. This “45” work force is the most important 46 in American business today, and it is 47 changing the relationship between people and their jobs. The phenomenon provides a way for companies to remain globally competitive 48 avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens 49 by employment rules, healthcare costs and pension plans. For workers it can mean an end to the security, benefits and sense of 50 that came from being a loyal employee.41. A) swarm B) stride C) separate D) slip42. A) For B) Because C) As D) Since43. A) from B) in C) on D) by44. A) Even though B) Now that C) If only D) Provided that45. A) durable B) disposable C) available D) transferable46. A) approach B) flow C) fashion D) trend47. A) instantly B) reversely C) fundamentally D) sufficiently48. A) but B) while C) and D) whereas49. A) imposed B) restricted C) illustrated D) confined50. A) excitement B) conviction C) enthusiasm D) importancePassage 5Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. They 41 that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the 42 man. But they insisted that its 43 results during the period from 1750 to 1850 were widespread poverty and misery for the 44 of the English population. 45 contrast, they saw in the preceding hundred years from 1650 to 1750, when England was still a 46 agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, 47 , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists 48 history and economics, have 49 two things: that the period from 1650 to 1750 was 50 by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.41. ［A］admitted ［B］believed ［C］claimed ［D］predicted42. ［A］plain ［B］average ［C］mean ［D］normal43. ［A］momentary ［B］prompt ［C］instant ［D］immediate44. ［A］bulk ［B］host ［C］gross ［D］magnitude45. ［A］On ［B］With ［C］For ［D］By46. ［A］broadly ［B］thoroughly ［C］generally ［D］completely47. ［A］however ［B］meanwhile ［C］therefore ［D］moreover48. ［A］at ［B］in ［C］about ［D］for49. ［A］manifested B］approved ［C］shown ［D］speculated50. ［A］noted ［B］impressed ［C］labeled ［D］markedPassage 6Industrial safety does not just happen. Companies 41 low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them 42 and active. When the work is well done, a 43 of accident-free operations is established 44 time lost due to injuries is kept at a minimum.Successful safety programs may 45 greatly in the emphasis placed on certain aspects of the program. Some place great emphasis on mechanical guarding. Others stress safe work practices by 46 rules or regulations. 47 others depend on an emotional appeal to the worker. But, there are certain basic ideas that must be used in every program if maximum results are to be obtained.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety 48 . The fewer the injury 49 , the better the workman's insurance rate. This may mean the difference between operating at50 or at a loss.41. ［A］at ［B］in ［C］on ［D］with42. ［A］alive ［B］vivid ［C］mobile ［D］diverse43. ［A］regulation ［B］climate ［C］circumstance ［D］requirement44. ［A］where ［B］how ［C］what ［D］unless45. ［A］alter ［B］differ ［C］shift ［D］distinguish46. ［A］constituting ［B］aggravating［C］observing ［D］justifying47. ［A］Some ［B］Many ［C］Even ［D］Still48. ［A］comes off ［B］turns up ［C］pays off ［D］holds up49. ［A］claims ［B］reports ［C］declarations ［D］proclamations50. ［A］an advantage ［B］a benefit ［C］an interest ［D］a profitPassage 7If a farmer wishes to succeed, he must try to keep a wide gap between his consumption and his production. He must store a large quantity of grain 41 consuming all his grain immediately. He can continue to support himself and his family 42 he produces a surplus.He must use this surplus in three ways: as seed for sowing, as an insurance 43 the unpredictable effects of bad weather and as a commodity which he must sell in order to 44 old agricultural implements and obtain chemical fertilizers to 45 the soil. He may also need money to construct irrigation 46 and improve his farm in other ways. If no surplus is available, a farmer cannot be 47 . He must either sell some of his property or 48 extra funds in the form of loans. Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low 49 of interest, but loans of this kind are not 50 obtainable.41 ［A］other than ［B］as well as ［C］instead of ［D］more than42 ［A］only if ［B］much as ［C］long before ［D］ever since43 ［A］for ［B］against ［C］of ［D］towards44 ［A］replace ［B］purchase ［C］supplement ［D］dispose45 ［A］enhance ［B］mix ［C］feed ［D］raise46 ［A］vessels ［B］routes ［C］paths ［D］channels47 ［A］self-confident ［B］self-sufficient［C］self-satisfied ［D］self-restrained48 ［A］search ［B］save ［C］offer ［D］seek49 ［A］proportion ［B］percentage ［C］rate ［D］ratio50 ［A］genuinely ［B］obviously ［C］presumably ［D］frequentlyPassage 8The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases 31 the trial of Rosemary West.In a significant 32 of legal controls over the press, Lord Irvine, the Lord Chancellor, will introduce a 33 bill that will propose making payments to witnesses 34 and will strictly control the amount of 35 that can be given to a case 36 a trial begins.In a letter to Gerald Kaufman, chairman of the House of Commons media select committee, Lord Irvine said he 37 with a committee report this year which said that self regulation did not 38 sufficient control.39 of the letter came two days after Lord Irvine caused a 40 of media protest when he said the 41 of privacy controls contained in European legislation would be left to judges 42 to Parliament.The Lord Chancellor said introduction of the Human Rights Bill, which 43 the European Convention on Human Rights legally 44 in Britain, laid down that everybody was 45 to privacy and that public figures could go to court to protect themselves and their families.“Press freedoms will be in safe hands 46 our British judges," he said.Witness payments became an 47 after West was sentenced to 10 life sentences in 1995. Up to 19 witnesses were 48 to have received payments for telling their stories to newspapers. Concerns were raised 49 witnesses might be encouraged to exaggerate their stories in court to 50 guilty verdicts.31 ［A］as to ［B］for instance［C］in particular ［D］such as32 ［A］tightening ［B］intensifying［C］focusing ［D］fastening33 ［A］sketch ［B］rough［C］preliminary ［D］draft34 ［A］illogical ［B］illegal［C］improbable ［D］improper35 ［A］publicity ［B］penalty［C］popularity ［D］peculiarity36 ［A］since ［B］if［C］before ［D］as37 ［A］sided ［B］shared［C］complied ［D］agreed38 ［A］present ［B］offer［C］manifest ［D］indicate39 ［A］Release ［B］Publication［C］Printing ［D］Exposure40 ［A］storm ［B］rage［C］flare ［D］flash41 ［A］translation ［B］interpretation［C］exhibition ［D］demonstration 42 ［A］better than ［B］other than［C］rather than ［D］sooner than 43 ［A］changes ［B］makes［C］sets ［D］turns44 ［A］binding ［B］convincing［C］restraining ［D］sustaining45 ［A］authorized ［B］credited［C］entitled ［D］qualified46 ［A］with ［B］to［C］from ［D］by47 ［A］impact ［B］incident［C］inference ［D］issue48 ［A］stated ［B］remarked［C］said ［D］told49 ［A］what ［B］when［C］which ［D］that50 ［A］assure ［B］confide［C］ensure ［D］guaranteePassage 9Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened 21 . As was discussed before, it was not 22 the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic 23 , following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 24 of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution 25 up, beginning with transport, the railway, and leading 26 through the telegraph, the telephone, radio, and motion pictures 27 the 20th-century world of the motor car and the airplane. Not everyone sees that process in 28 . It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, 29 , that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century, 30 by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s,radically changed the process, 31 its impact on the media was not immediately 32 . As time went by, computers became smaller and more powerful, and they became “personal" too, as well as33 , with display becoming sharper and storage 34 increasing. They were thought of, like people, 35 generations, with the distance between generations much36 .It was within the computer age that the term “information society" began to be widely used to describe the 37 within which we now live. The communications revolution has 38 both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time, but there have been 39 views about its economic, political, social and cultural implications. “Benefits" have been weighed 40“harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult.21. ［A］between ［B］before ［C］since ［D］later22. ［A］after ［B］by ［C］during ［D］until23. ［A］means ［B］method ［C］medium ［D］measure24. ［A］process ［B］company ［C］light ［D］form25. ［A］gathered ［B］speeded ［C］worked ［D］picked26. ［A］on ［B］out ［C］over ［D］off27. ［A］of ［B］for ［C］beyond ［D］into28. ［A］concept ［B］dimension［C］effect ［D］perspective29. ［A］indeed ［B］hence ［C］however ［D］therefore30. ［A］brought ［B］followed［C］stimulated ［D］characterized31. ［A］unless ［B］since ［C］lest ［D］although32. ［A］apparent ［B］desirable［C］negative ［D］plausible33. ［A］institutional ［B］universal［C］fundamental ［D］instrumental34. ［A］ability ［B］capability ［C］capacity ［D］faculty35. ［A］by means of ［B］in terms of ［C］with regard to ［D］in line with36. ［A］deeper ［B］fewer ［C］nearer ［D］smaller37. ［A］context ［B］range ［C］scope ［D］territory38. ［A］regarded ［B］impressed ［C］influenced ［D］effected39. ［A］competitive ［B］controversial［C］distracting ［D］irrational40. ［A］above ［B］upon ［C］against ［D］withPassage 10Teachers need to be aware of the emotional, intellectual, and physical changes that young adults experience. And they also need to give serious 21 to how they can best 22 such changes. Growing bodies need movement and 23 , but not just in ways that emphasize competition. 24 they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual and emotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the 25 that comes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are 26 by others. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be 27 to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, 28 , publishing newsletters with many student-written book reviews, 29 student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs. A variety of small clubs can provide 30 opportunities for leadership, as well as for practice in successful 31 dynamics. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the 32 of some kind of organization with a supportive adult 33 visible in the background.In these activities, it is important to remember that young teens have 34 attention spans. A variety of activities should be organized 35 participants can remain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without feeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 . This does not mean that adults must accept irresponsibility. 38 they can help students acquire a sense of commitment by 39 for roles that are within their 40 and their attention spans and by having clearly stated rules. 21.［A］thought ［B］ideal［C］opinion ［D］advice22. ［A］strengthen ［B］accommodate［C］stimulate ［D］enhance23. ［A］care ［B］nutrition［C］exercise ［D］leisure24. ［A］If ［B］Although［C］Whereas ［D］Because25. ［A］assistance ［B］guidance［C］confidence［D］tolerance26. ［A］claimed ［B］admired［C］ignored［D］surpassed27. ［A］improper ［B］risky［C］fair ［D］wise28. ［A］in effect ［B］as a result［C］for example［D］in a sense29. ［A］displaying ［B］describing［C］creating ［D］exchanging30. ［A］durable ［B］excessive［C］surplus ［D］multiple31. ［A］group ［B］individual［C］personnel ［D］corporation32. ［A］consent ［B］insurance［C］admission ［D］security33. ［A］particularly ［B］barely［C］definitely［D］rarely34. ［A］similar ［B］long［C］different ［D］short35. ［A］if only ［B］now that［C］so that ［D］even if36. ［A］everything ［B］anything［C］nothing ［D］something37. ［A］off ［B］down［C］out ［D］alone38. ［A］On the contrary ［B］On the average［C］On the whole ［D］On the other hand 39. ［A］making ［B］standing［C］planning ［D］taking40. ［A］capabilities ［B］responsibilities［C］proficiency ［D］efficiencyPassage 11Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency (crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories 21 on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior 22 they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through 23with others. Theories focusing on the role of society that children commit crimes in 24 to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status 25 as a rejection of middle-class values.Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, 26 the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes 27 lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are 28 to criticism.Changes in the social structure may indirectly 29 juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that 30 to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment 31 make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in 32 lead more youths into criminal behavior.Families have also 33 changes these years. More families consist of one parent households or two working parents.34 , children are likely to have less supervision at home 35 was common in the traditional family 36 . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other 37 causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased 38 of drugs and alcohol, and the growing 39 of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, 40 a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.21.［A］acting ［B］relying ［C］centering ［D］cementing22.［A］before ［B］unless ［C］until ［D］because23. ［A］interactions［B］assimilation ［C］cooperation ［D］consultation24. ［A］return ［B］reply ［C］reference ［D］response25. ［A］or ［B］but rather ［C］but ［D］or else26.［A］considering ［B］ignoring ［C］highlighting ［D］discarding27. ［A］on ［B］in ［C］for ［D］with28. ［A］immune ［B］resistant ［C］sensitive ［D］subject29. ［A］affect ［B］reduce ［C］chock ［D］reflect30. ［A］point ［B］lead ［C］come ［D］amount31. ［A］in general ［B］on average ［C］by contrast ［D］at length32. ［A］case ［B］short ［C］turn ［D］essence33. ［A］survived ［B］noticed ［C］undertaken ［D］experienced34. ［A］contrarily ［B］consequently ［C］similarly ［D］simultaneously35. ［A］than ［B］that ［C］which ［D］as36. ［A］system ［B］structure ［C］concept ［D］heritage37. ［A］assessable ［B］identifiable ［C］negligible ［D］incredible38. ［A］expense ［B］restriction ［C］allocation ［D］availability39. ［A］incidence ［B］awareness ［C］exposure ［D］popularity40. ［A］provided ［B］since ［C］although ［D］supposing1 ACBDC ABCDD2 BCCBD CADAB3 CDABC ADBCA4 ACDAB DCBAD5 ABDAD DABCD6 DABAB CDCAD7 CABAC DBDCD8 DADBA CDBBA BCBAC ADCDC9 ADCBB ADDCB DAACB DACBC 10．ABCDC BDCAD ADBDC DBACA 11．CDADA BCDAB ACDBA BBDAC。

英语专四完形填空新题型十套(附答案)

专四完形填空新题型模拟题（1）Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any (36) you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain (37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38) , write a letter. Be sure to（39）to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not (40) with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sureto keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offerto (41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an (42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back , but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some (43) loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for (44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note.In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simplybecause you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these (45).A. intimateB. attractiveC. personD. attachmentE. satisfiedF. receiptG. contaminateH. replaceI. special J. stick K.vigorously L. adviceM. circumstances N. directly O. petitions专四完形填空新题型模拟题（2）Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this (36), every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.To the professional anthropologist (人类学家), there is no intrinsic(37)of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等级制度) among languages.People once thought of the languages of backward groups as (38) and undeveloped forms of speech, consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the (39) of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or (40 ) structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which（41）the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however, two thingsare to be noted: 1. All languages seem to (42) the machineryfor vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in "backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly (43) and complicated.This study of language, in turn, (44) a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed(45), and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.A. savageB. superiorityC. conceiveD. transferE. identificationF. grammaticalG. reflectH. revealsI. numerous J . independentlyK. exclusive L. casts M. sense N. confidentially O. possess专四完形填空新题型模拟题（3）In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They (36) needed supplies of highly trained personnel to (37) a concept of development based on modernization. But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training.In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special "return" programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974enabled over 1,600（38）scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.In the 1980s and 1990s, "temporary return" programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel (39) strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain from these countries maywell increase in (40) to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.Recent studies (41) that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be ableto produce, or so it is thought. As a (42) there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give (43) to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad; they must introduce (44) administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is (45) to continue.A. forecastB. flexibleC. neutrallyD. preferenceE. detachF. boundG. implementH. consequenceI. qualifiedJ. dismissingK. result L.occupying M. urgently N . skepticalO . response专四完形填空新题型模拟题（4）Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any (36) you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain (37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38), write a letter. Be sure to（39）to the facts and keep a copy of whatyou write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not (40) with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offer to (41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an (42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back, but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some (43) loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for (44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simply because you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these (45).A. intimateB. attractiveC. personD. attachmentE. satisfiedF. receiptG. contaminateH. replaceI. special J. stick K.vigorously L. adviceM. circumstances N. directly O. petitions专四完形填空新题型模拟题（5）For many environmentalists, the world seems to be getting worse. They have developed a hitlist of our main fears: natural resources are（1）out the population is ever growing, leaving less and less to eat species are becoming （2）in vast numbers, and the planet's air and water are becoming ever more polluted.But a quick look at the facts shows a different picture. First, energy and other natural resources have become more（3） not less so, since the book 'The Limits to Growth' was published in 1972 by a group of scientists. Second, more foodis now produced per 4 of the world's population than at any time in history. Fewer people are （5） . Third, although species are indeed becoming extinct, only about 0.7% of them are expected to disappear in the next 50 years, not 25~50%, as has so often been（6）. And finally, most forms of environmental pollution either appear to have been （7） , or are transient - associated with the early stages of industrialization and therefore best cured not by restricting economic growth, but by（8）it. One form of pollution - therelease of greenhouse gases that causes global warming - does appear to be a phenomenon that is going to extend well into our future, but its total impact is unlikely to（9） a devastating (令人心神不安的) problem. A bigger problem may well turn out to be an inappropriate response to it.Yet opinion polls suggest that many people nurture the belief that environmental standards are declining and some factors seem to cause this disjunction between （10） and reality.A) pose B) exaggerated C) acceleratingD) extinct E) exist F) perceptionG) wealthy H) magnified I) starvingJ) head K) running L) predictedM) abundantN) conceptionO) reducing专四完形填空新题型模拟题（6）During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, migrations have taken place within (11) countries; the cities with their industries have attracted people away from the country. The possibility of earning a fixed (12) in a factory or office wasmore attractive than the possibility of staying on the farm and having one's work (13) by frost, storms, or droughts. Furthermore, thedevelopment of agricultural machinery made it possible for fewer people to do the same (14) of work.Thus, at the same time when the industrial revolution made it possible to produce goods more (15) and more quickly in factories, agricultural revolution also took place. Instead of leaving fields empty every third year, farmers began to plant clover or some other crop that would (16) the soil. Instead of using only animal fertilizer, farmers began to use chemical fertilizers to keep the soil rich. These methods have enabled French farmers, for example, to get five times as much wheat as was (17) from the same land two centuries ago.In many countries farmers find it more (18) to raise only one crop or one kind of animal. They choose the kind that gives the best results. Then they sell all that they produce, instead of trying to grow a little of everything and consume what they grow. This is a more feasible type of (19) because modern methods and machinery are adapted to specific animals and specific crops. Therefore, it would be too expensive to do allthe work by hand, or to buy the (20) needed for several different kinds of farming.A. salary E. deserted I. equivalent M. destroyedB. freely F. operation J. enrich N. certainC. profitable G.amount K. fruitful O. cheaplyD. obtained H. payment L. equipment专四完形填空新题型模拟题（7）Like most parents, geologist Brain Atwater worries about his daughter's safety. But these days, he has an unusual concern; The public school she (11) in Seattle has unreinforced brick walls, a (12) being easy to collapse during earthquakes. The same (13) of walls crushed hundreds of thousands of people during the 1976 Tangshan quake in China.A decade ago, Atwater would have paid little notice to schoolroom walls. But over the last several years, he and other scientists have found (14) signs that the Pacific Northwest hasexperienced giant quakes in the distant past and that the area may be headed for a destructive shock in the near future.At a meeting of the American Geophysical Union in December, researchers discussed the (15) uncovered evidence of quake potential in the Pacific Northwest. While some remain unconvinced that huge earthquakes—with magnitudes of 8 or higher—do indeed (16) this region, a growing number consider such shocks a serious possibility.What's worrisome, they say, is that northwestern cities such as Portland, Seattle and Vancouver have not prepared for earthquakes of this magnitude, which could shake the region's (17) centers with enough force to make the recent San Francisco area damage seem (18) in comparison."I think it's quite true to say that nothing has really been designed with one of these earthquakes in mind," says seismologist Paul Somerville of Woodward. At the meeting, Somerville and his colleagues (19) estimates of the degree of shaking. Portland and Seattle would suffer during such a (20) earthquake.A. massiveB.recentlyC.constructionD.displayedE. relativelyF.attendsG.typeH.strikeI. structure J.participates K.excessive dM. disturbing N.population 0.presented专四完形填空新题型模拟题（8）Growth of trade will depend greatly on availability of energy sources. There may still be a trillion barrels of recoverable oil in the Middle East. But the oil crisis of 1974 has (11) to renewed interest in coal and to a search for （12） sources of energy. Solar, geothermal, and nuclear energy will play a large role in the years to come.Solar energy is available in （13） forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation, crops and trees, which are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential, wastes can be burned as （14） , sunlight can be converted into DC (direct current) electricity, electric power can be （15） from thesun-warmed surface waters of the ocean, and lastly, solar radiation can be converted into heat that will drive electric power generators. Serious problems still remain as to （16）and storage of solar energy.Geothermal energy is the energy contained within the earth. Heat is abundantly available deep in the earth's core and is constantly being produced. However, this heat is usually located at too deep a level for （17） exploitation. In short, very little is known on the use of geothermal energy, and it has （18） been exploited.Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants atoms of uranium are split, thus （19） masses of energy. Another source of energyunder development is the nuclear fusion of certain atoms of hydrogen. This could eventually （20） natural gas as a source of energy.A. rarelyB.transformationC.fuelD.replaceE. ledF.alternativeG mercial H.briefly I. derivedJ.various K.relieving L.releasingM. transportation N.financial O.described专四完形填空新题型模拟题（9）The economy of the United States after 1952 was the economy of a well-fed, almost fully employed people. Despite （11）alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a （12） of boom. An economic survey of the year 1955, atypical year of the 1950's, may be typical as （13） the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was （14）at 10 percent above that of 1954(1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufactures was about 40 percent more than it had （15） in the years immediately following World War I . The country's business spent about 30 billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income （16） for spending was almost a third greater than it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day, or about twenty-five million dollars every hour, all round the （17） . Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than twomillion wanted jobs but could not find them. Only agriculture （ 18 ）that it was not sharing in the boom. To some observers this was a sad reflection of the mid-1920's. As farmers' share of their products （19） , marketing costs rose. But there were, among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority. Those few seemed to fearthat the boom could not last long and would（20） lead to the opposite—depression.A. eventuallyB.averagedC.graduallyD.stateE. valuedF.formG.declinedH.occasionalI. casual J.argued K.descended L plainedM. clock N.available O.illustrating专四完形填空新题型模拟题（10）Social customs and ways of behaving change. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now （11） . Just a few years ago, it was （12） impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a （13） of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room.Customs also differ from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or the right of a woman in your country Or doesn't it （14） What about table manners Should you use bothhands when you are eating Should you leave one in your lap, or on the tableThe Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also （15） a large number of social customs. For example, in both America and England people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also, most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman, and so will most Americans. (16) is important both in England and in America. That is, if a dinner invitation is for 7o'clock, the dinner guest either arrives (17 ) to that time or calls up to explain his (18)The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make other people feel uncomfortable— (19) if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a formal dinner party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to eat his peas with a knife. The other guests were amused or shocked, but the (20) calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way.A. especiallyB.attainableC.closeD.delayE. consideredF.hostG.deliveryH.PreparationI. share J.fool K.specifically L.acceptableM. matter N.Promptness 0.care答案与解析模拟题（1）36.F语法判断：分析句子结构可知，any后应接一个名词，且本句缺少一个名词作takin9的宾语。

专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷128(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷128(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply—all these were important(1)_____ in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.(2)_____ they were not enough. Something(3)_____ was needed to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men—(4)_____ individuals who could invent machines, find new(5)_____ of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society. The men who(6)_____ the machines of the Industrial Revolution(7)_____ from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were (8)_____ inventors than scientists. A man who is a (9)_____ scientist is primarily interested in doing his research(10)_____. He is not necessarily working(11)_____ that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is(12)_____ trying to make something that has a concrete(13)_____. He may try to solve a problem by using the theories(14)_____ science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a(15)_____ result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of(16)_____ other objectives. Most of the people who(17)_____ the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had(18)_____ or no training in science might not have made their inventions(19)_____ a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years(20)_____.1．(1)A．casesB．reasonsC．factorsD．situations正确答案：C解析：土地没有被破坏、财富、自然资源和劳力资源，这些都是有助于英国成为工业革命中心的“因素”(factor)，而不是“理由”(reason)、“案例”(case)或“情境”(situation)，故选C。

专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷78(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷78(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, the choice of an【C1】______should【C2】______even before choice of a curriculum in high school. Actually, most people make several job choices during their working lives,【C3】______because of economic and industrial changes and partly to【C4】______their position. The “one【C5】______job” does not exist. Young people should 【C6】______enter a broad【C7】______training program that will【C8】______them for a field of work rather than for a single job. Unfortunately many young people have to make career plans without benefit of help from a(n)【C9】______vocational counselor or psychologist. Knowing【C10】______about the occupational world, or themselves for that matter, they choose their lifework on a hit-or-miss【C11】______. Some【C12】______from job to job. Others【C13】______to work in which they are unhappy and【C14】______they are not fitted. One common mistake is choosing an occupation for its real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students —or their parents for them —choose the professional field,【C15】______both the relatively small proportion of workers in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal【C16】______. The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a “white-collar” job is no good reason for choosing it as life’s work.【C17】______, these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the【C18】______of young people should give serious 【C19】______to these fields. Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants out of life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to take【C20】______for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as its rewards.1．【C1】A．entertainmentB．identificationC．accommodationD．occupation正确答案：D解析：篇章题。

四级英语完型填空模拟试题与解析

四级英语完型填空模拟试题与解析完型填空是四级英语考试的一项重要题型，通过填充空缺的单词或短语，考察考生对语法和词汇的掌握程度，同时也要求考生对上下文的理解和推理能力。

下面将给出一道完型填空的模拟试题，并提供解析。

Passage:In today's rapidly changing world, everyone is expected to be a lifelong learner. This means continually ___1___ new skills and knowledge throughout your life. One way to accomplish this is through informal learning. ___2___ informal learning can take many forms, it often occurs outside the traditional classroom ___3___ workplace.Here are a few examples of informal learning: reading books and___4___, watching educational videos, attending workshops or ___5___, and participating in online discussion forums. The internet has ___6___ the way we learn, as now there are numerous online platforms and courses available for anyone interested in expanding ___7___ knowledge.Informal learning has several advantages. First, it allows individuals to learn at their ___8___ pace and in their own time. This flexibility is particularly important for people with busy schedules or ___9___ who are unable to attend formal education programs. Informal learning also encourages active participation, ___10___ enables individuals to learn by doing and experimenting.In addition, informal learning can help individuals develop important___11___ such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and communication skills. By engaging in informal learning, ___12___ can gain knowledge and transferable skills that are applicable to various ___13___ of life, including their personal and professional ___14___.However, informal learning also has its ___15___. One challenge is the lack of structure and guidance, which can ___16___ individuals to become overwhelmed or lose motivation. Without a clear learning ___17___, it is easy to get distracted and lose focus. Additionally, informal learning___18___ the risk of misinformation, as not all sources or materials may be reliable or accurate.To make the most of informal learning, it is important to set goals, have a plan, and ___19___ yourself accountable. Seek out reputable sources and resources, and ___20___ to connect with others who have similar interests or goals.解析：1. A) expanding B) acquiring C) accumulating D) upgrading解析：选B) acquiring。

专四完形填空模拟试题

专四完形新题型模拟试题模拟试题1PART IV CLOZE [15 MIN] Direction: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.EI Nino is name given to the mysterious and often un p redictable change in the climate of the world. This strange ___31_____happens every five to eight years. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风)，which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. As the trade winds lessen in ____32____, the ocean temperatures rise causing the Peru current flowing in from the east to warm up by as much as 50C.The warming of the ocean has far-reaching effects. The hot, humid(潮湿的)air over the ocean causes severe ___33___thunderstorms.The rainfall is increased across South American, ____34____floods to Peru. In the West pacific, there are droughts affecting Australia and Indonesia. So while some parts of the world prepare for heavy rains and floods, other parts face drought, poor crops and____35____.EI Nino usually lasts for about 18 months. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most___36____weather in modern history. Its effect was worldwide and it left more than 2,000 people dead and caused over eight billion pounds ____37___of damage. The 1990 EI Nino lasted until June 1995. Scientists ___38___ this to be the longest E1 Nino for 2,000 years.Nowadays, weather experts are able to forecast when an E1 Nino will ___39___,but theyThe flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done__31__ by women----ranging from familyshopping to preparing meals to doing __32__work--still need to be done by someone .Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a __33___ that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time “and look for help elsewhere , creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.Although there is still a big wage __34__ between men and women, the income working women __35__ gives them new independence and buying power. For example, women now __36__ about half of all cars. Not long ago, many cars dealers __37__ women shoppers by ignoring them or suggesting that they come back with their husbands. Now car companies have realized that women are __38__ customers. It’s interesting that some leading Japanese car deal ers were the first to __39__ pay attention to women customers. In Japan, fewer women have jobs or buy cars ---- the Japanese society is still very much male—oriented. Perhaps it was the __40__ contrast with Japanese society that prompted American firms to pay more attention to women buyers.Years ago, doctors often said that pain was a normal part of life. In particular, when older patients __31__ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.Times have changed. Today, we take pain __32__. Indeed, pain is now considered the fifth vital sign, as important as blood pressure, temperature, breathing rate and pulse in __33__ a person’s well-being. We know that chronic (慢性的) pain can disrupt (扰乱) a person’s life, causing problems that __34__ from missed work to depression.That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who __35__ in pain medicine. Not only do we evaluate the cause of the pain, which can help us treat the pain better, but we also help provide comprehensive therapy for depression and other psychological and social __36__ related to chronic pain. Such comprehensive therapy often __37__ the work of social workers, psychiatrists (心理医生) and psychologists, as well as specialists in pain medicine.This modern __38__ for pain management has led to a wealth of innovative treatments which are more effective and with fewer side effects than ever before. Decades ago, there were only a __39__ number of drugs available, and many of them caused __40__ side effects in older people, including dizziness and fatigue. This created a double-edged sword: the medications helped relieve the pain but caused other problems that could be worse than the pain itself.模拟试题4As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education 31 . The children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the 32 of peacemakers. The Children’s Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated（提名）for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children 33 as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace.The classroom 34 opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with 35 ,peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step36 toward becoming peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are 37 useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992,provides a Website with resources for teachers and 38 on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of Compassion for Children International call attention to children’s rights and how to help the 39 of war. Starting a Peacemakers’ Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the 40 school.Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly ___31___ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was ___32___ to a little college French.I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, ___33___ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up ___34___ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable ___35____I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can’t learn if you don’t try. So I accepted the assignment.There were some bad ___36___. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since. I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places. Without guides or even___37___ bookings. Confident that somehow I will manage.The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition ___38____. but each time youtry something. You learn. And as the learning plies up. The world opens to you.I’ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine river in a __39____. And I know I’ll go to doing such things. It’s not because I’m braver or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can ___40___ wonders.Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments ___31___ it . They fine the writing process ___32___ and difficult.How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- ___33___ English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an __34____ mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my ___35___ is to show them the rest of the rooms. My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to ___36___ the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done___37___, just like exercise ; just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and ___38___ after only a few weeks of journal writing .Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and ___39___ lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step ___40___ to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .The popular notion that old people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday. While elderly people __31__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __32__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理医生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __33__ straight through the night.More sleep in old age, however, is __34__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __35__ if they slept for longer periods, he said.“The ability to sleep in one chunk (整块时间) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __36__ well does not change,” Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.“It's __37__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __38__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __39__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __40__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75.”With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this ___31___ will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years.Finding the resources to meet this demand in a ___32___. sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major ___33___ of the 21st century. Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are ___34___ being funded and developed, and will play a growing __35___ in the world's energy supply. But experts say that even when ___36____, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2050.For example, even with ___37___ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development ___38___ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels ___39___ only about 1% of the market today.Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of __40____ both traditional and alternative.模拟试题9Quite often, educators tell families of children who are learning English as a second language to speak only English, and not their native language, at home. Although these educators may have good 31 , their advice to families is misguided, and it 32 from misunderstandings about the process of language acquisition. Educators may fear that children hearing two languages will become 33 confused and thus their language development will be 34 ; this concern is not documented in the literature. Children are capable of learning more than one language, whether 35 or sequentially（依次地）．In fact, most children outside of the United States are expected to become bilingual or even, in many cases, multilingual. Globally, knowing more than one language is viewed as an 36 and even a necessity in many areas.It is also of concern that the misguided advice that students should speak only English is given primarily to poor families with limited educational opportunities, not to wealthier families who have many educational advantages. Since children from poor families often are 37 as at-risk for academic failure, teachers believe that advising families to speak English only is appropriate. Teachers consider learning two languages to be too 38 for children from poor families, believing that the children are already burdened by their home situations.If families do not know English or have limited English skills themselves, how can they communicate in English? Advising non-English-speaking families to speak only English is 39 to telling them not to communicate with or interact with their children. Moreover, the 40 message is that the family's native language is not important or valued.Some performance evaluations require supervisors to take action. Employees who receive a very favorable evaluation may deserve some type of recognition or even a promotion. If supervisors do not acknowledge such outstanding performance, employees may either lose their 31 and reduce their effort or search for a new job at a firm that will 32 them for high performance. Supervisors should acknowledge high performance so that the employee will continue to perform well in the future.Employees who receive unfavorable evaluations must also be given attention. Supervisors must 33 the reasons for poor performance. Some reasons, such as a family illness, may have a temporary adverse ___34__ on performance and can be corrected. Other reasons, such as a badattitude, may not be temporary. When supervisors give employees an unfavorable evaluation, they must decide whether to take any __35 __ actions. If the employees were unaware of their own deficiencies, the unfavorable evaluation can pinpoint (指出) the deficiencies that employees must correct. In this case, the supervisor may simply need to monitor the employees 36 and ensure that the deficiencies are corrected.If the employees were already aware of their deficiencies before the evaluation period, however, they may be unable or unwilling to correct them. This situation is more serious, and the supervisor may need to take action. The action should be 37 with the firm's guidelines and may include reassigning the employees to new jobs, 38 them temporarily, or firing them. A supervisor's action toward a poorly performing worker can 39 the attitudes of other employees. If no 40 is imposed on an employee for poor performance, other employees may react by reducing their productivity as well.Cell phones provide instant access to people. They are creating a major 31 in the social experiences of both children and adolescents. In one recent U. S. survey, about half the teens polled said that their cell phone had 32 their communication with friends. Almost all said that their cell phone was the way they stayed in touch with peers, one-third had used the cell phone to help a peer in need, and about 80% said the phone made them feel safer. Teenagers in Australia, 33 , said that their mobile phones provided numerous benefits and were an 34 part of their lives; some were so 35__ to their phones that the researchers considered it an addiction. In Japan, too, researchers are concerned about cell phone addiction. Researchers in one study in Tokyo found that more than half of junior high school students used their phones to exchange e-mails with schoolmates more than 10 times a day.Cell phones 36 social connections with peers across time and space. They allow young people to exchange moment-by-moment experiences in their daily lives with special partners and thus to have a more 37 sense of connection with friends. Cell phones also can 38 social tolerance because peers, cell phones connect children and parents. Researchers studying teenagers in Israel concluded that, in that ___39__ environment, mobile phones were regarded as "security objects" in parent-teen relationships—important because they provided the possibility of 40 and communication at all times.答案部分模拟试题11.F2.B3.E4.L5.K6.J7.N8.A9.O10.I模拟试题21.H2.N3.O4.A5.L6.C7.K8.G9.D10.F模拟试题31.L2.G3.I4.D5.O6.F7.B8.M9.J10.C模拟试题41.K2.M3.A4.J5.D6.G7.F8.I9.O10.E模拟试题51.D2.H3.O4.G5.M6.J7.B8.N9.C10.A模拟试题61.M2.I3.F4.E5.H6.D7.B8.J9.C10.A模拟试题71.N2.L3.H4.B5.A6.J7.F8.O9.E10.G模拟试题81.H2.A3.N4.O5.D6.M7.C8.G9.K10.B模拟试题91.F2.L3.I4.B5.K6.A7.E8.H9.D10.N模拟试题101.H2.L3.I4.J5.A6.F7.G8.N9.B10.K模拟试题111.N2.J3.O4.L5.B6.H7.E8.F9.I10.C。

专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷128(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷85(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷85(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Everyone would have heard the famous phrase”Anger is one short of danger”. It is an age-old adage, but it is(1)______and still holds true. Thing said or done during anger have created(2)______ with a lot of people and things. The(3)______ packed bag of mental frustration(4) ______ into a volcano of anger. But basically let’s try to analyze(5) ______one gets angry? When one is not satisfied with the way things have(6)______, when someone has been taken for a ride, when one (7)______ life for treating him badly, and many such(8)______ things are the various reasons. All the frustrations get collected on one part of our mind and when we can(9)______ it no longer, our feelings are(10)______ in the form of a volcano of emotional tantrums. Anger is one of the major hindrances in self-development, because it(11)______ our outlook. The mind looses its(12)______of logic and fairness, when it is accelerated by the arrogant mood of anger. Getting angry can get your things done(13)______, but not everywhere. This is because(14)______you grow, you yourself are responsible to clean your recycle bin of emotions and frustrations. No one has the foresight or(15)______to judge what has brought you(16)______that violent mood or what hardships you have faced. Angry people hardly go places. The(17) ______one comes to this piece of reality, the better he will get. The best way to counterattack anger is to absorb patience in ourselves. A person with infinite patience has matured mentally, and is the bravest war-horse over the(18)______ of anger. He controlled himself every time and got(19)______ from trying circumstances using the best lifeline available. Such people are always in(20)______ with themselves and are always enjoying life.1．(1)A．testedB．testifiedC．examinedD．confirmed正确答案：A解析：动词辨析题。

专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷33(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.Street sellers, particularly in developing countries,【C1】______large amounts of food to people【C2】______low incomes. This sector also employs some 6-25% of the work force, mainly women, in developing countries, and provides markets for agricultural and other【C3】______. In many countries,【C4】______, the authorities are not willing to【C5】______it as a formal sector of the food supply system. They may【C6】______it in food control programs or even try to put an end to it. There are two possible【C7】______: pathogenic micro-organisms and【C8】______chemicals. As【C9】______as micro-organisms are concerned, there is apparently no convincing evidence that street foods are more【C10】______in the 【C11】______of infection than foods obtained in, e.g. hotels. Studies in Egypt and elsewhere have found street foods to compare not【C12】______with hotel foods in respect of contamination with micro-organisms —some street foods were found to be contaminated with pathogens,【C13】______so were foods from four-and five-star hotels in the same area. Hazardous chemicals have been found in street foods, and food exposed for sale on roadsides may become contaminated by lead from vehicle 【C14】______. Health dangers may【C15】______with: purchase of raw【C16】______of poor quality; improper storage,【C17】______, and cooking; limited piped drinking-water; lack of refrigeration; unsatisfactory waste-disposal facilities; and personal cleanliness. The authorities should take【C18】______account the potentials of different categories of food for transmitting disease. Dry foodstuff, dried grains, and【C19】______foods are less likely to transmit disease than gravies, cooked rice, and low-acid milk, egg, and meat products. Similarly foods which are【C20】______cooked and eaten at once are safer than precooked food kept at high temperatures for several hours.1．【C1】A．provideB．offerC．supplyD．afford正确答案：C解析：习惯用法及词义辨析题provide，offer，supply都表示提供的意思。

专业英语四级(完形填空)模拟试卷124(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语四级（完形填空）模拟试卷124(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. CLOZEPART III CLOZE (15 MIN)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.People thinking about the origin of language for the first time usually arrive at the conclusion that it developed(1)_____ as a system of grunts, hisses and cries and(2)_____ a very simple affair in the beginning.(3)_____, when we observe the language behaviour of(4)_____ we regard as primitive cultures, we find it(5)_____ complicated. It was believed that an Eskimo must have at the tip of his tongue a vocabulary of more than 10,000 words (6)_____ to get along reasonably well, much larger than the(7)_____ vocabulary of an average businessman who speaks English.(8)_____, these Eskimo words are far more highly inflected(词尾变化的) than(9)_____ of any of the well-known European languages, for a(10)_____ noun can be spoken or written in(11)_____ hundred different forms, each (12)_____ a precise meaning different from (13)_____ of any other. The forms of the verbs are even more(14)______. The Eskimo language is, (15)_____, one of the most difficult in the world to learn,(16)_____ the result that almost no traders or explorers have(17)______ tried to learn it. (18)______, there has grown up, in communication between Eskimos and whites, a jargon(19)_____ to the pidgin English used in Old China, with a vocabulary of from 300 to 600 uninflected words. Most of them are derived from Eskimo but some are derived from English, Danish, Spanish, Hawaiian and other languages. It is this jargon that is usually(20)_____ by travellers as “the Eskimo language”.1．(1)A．graduallyB．actuallyC．habituallyD．mystically正确答案：A解析：空格后填入副词修饰developed，表示语言如何发展。

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12_ . In all cases it is important to _13B.illustratingC.performingB.contributingC.distributing 17.A.preventing B. withstandingC.sustainingD.overcoming18. A.average B.ordinary C. normal D.a cademic19.A.statement B.strategy C.situation D.su ggestion2O.A.in that B.for which C.with专四完型填空模拟练习Passage 1Many students find the experience of attending universitylectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience・ Thelecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps _1_ the talk withslides, writing up important information on the blackboard, —2_ reading material and giving out _3 ―. The new studentsees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and_4__ what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture_5_ notes which do not catch the main points and —6—become hard even for the —7— to understand・ Mostinstitutions provide courses which —8— new students todevelop the skills they need to be _9— listeners and note-takers.10_ these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which _11_ learners to practice these skills・ In all __12―cases it is important to 13 the problem —14— actually starting your studies・ It is important to —15— that most students have difficulty in accjuiring the language skills —16— in college study. One way of —17— these difficulties is to attend the language and study- sk ills classes w h ich m ost institutions pruv ide throughout the _18_ yea匚Another basic _19― is to find a study partner _20_ it ispossible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support ・L A.extendingD.conducting2. A.attributingD.explaining3.A.assignments rmation C.content D.de finition4.A.suspects B.understandsC. wondersD.convinces5.A. without B.with C.on D .except6・A.what B.those C.as D.w hich7.A.teachers B.classmates C. partners D.s tudentsS.A.prevent B. require C.assist D.f orbid9.A.effective B.passive C.relative D.e xpressive10.A.Because B.Though C. Whet her D.Ifll.A.enable B.stimulate C.advocate D.p revent12. A.indej^endently B. repeatedly C」o gicallyD.generally13-A.evaluate B.acquaint C. tackle D.f orm ulate14. A.before B.after C.while D.for15. A.predict B.acknowledgeC. argueD.ignore16.A.torequire B. required C.requiring D.are req uiredPassage 2Most people have no idea of the hard work and worrythat gosintosthe collecting of those fascinating birds and animals that they pay to see in the zoo. One of the questions that is always asked of me is _I__ I became an animal collector in the first —2—• The an swer is that I have always been interested in animals and zoos. According to my parents, the first word I was able to say with any __3_ was not the conventional "mamma” or "daddy”,_4_ the word "zoo", which I would _5_over and over again with a shrill _6__ until someone, insgroupsto —7— me up, would take me to the zoo. When I —8— a little older, we lived in Greece and I had a great —9— of pets, ranging from owls to seahorses, and I spent all my spare time —10— the countryside in search of fresh specimens to _11_ to my collection of pets._12_ on I went for a year to the City Zoo, as a student __13_ , to get experience of the large animals, such as lions, bears, bison and ostriches,_14― were not easy to keep at home. When I left, I —15— had enough money of my own to be able to —16—my first trip and I have been going —17— ever since then. Though a collector's job is not an easy one and is full of—18— jt is certainly a job which will appeal _19_ all those who love animals and _20_ ・1. A.how B. where C.when D.wheth er2. A.region B.field C.pl ace D.case3. A.clarity B.emotion C.sentiment D.affection4. A.except B.but C.except for D.but for5. A.recite B. recognize C.read D.repewhom D.such asat6. A. volume B. noise C. voiceD.pitc h7. A.close B.shut C.stopD.co mfort& A.grew B.wasgrowing C.grow D.grown9. A.many B.amount C.number D.su ppiy10. A.living B.cultivating C.reclaiming D.e xploring11. A.increase B.include C.add D.en rich12. ter B.further C.then D.sub sequently13. A. attendant B.keeper C.member D.aide14・ A. who B.they C.ofwhich D.which15・A」uckily B.gladly C-nearly D.successfully16. A.pay B.provide C.allow Dfi nance17. A.normally B. regularly ually D.o ften18. A.expectations B. sorrows C.excitement□.disappointments19. A.for B.with C.to D.f rom20. A.excursion B.travel C .journey D .TripPassage 3If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or—1 — in your work would depend, to —2 _ great extent, —3 — your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage・ _4 __ the utmost importance is your attitude.A person _5 _ begins a job convinced that he isn，t going to like it or is __6 _ that he is going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success・On the other hand, a person who is secure —7 — his belief that he is probably as capable —8 — doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt —9 — it possesses a certain strength of purpose・ The chances are that he will do well。