直接引语和间接引语Ⅰ ( 陈述句和疑问句)

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高三英语语法总复习——直接引语和间接引语

高三英语语法总复习——直接引语和间接引语
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Review
The direct and indirect speech
直接引语和间接引语
什么是直接引语和间接引语
直接引语:直接引述别人的话,用“ ”。 间接引语:转述别人的话,不用“ ”。
(直接引语和间接引语通常出现在宾语从句中)
John said,”I like reading adventure stories.” John said that he liked reading advent的直接引语变为间接引语 陈述句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 祈使句
直接引语为陈述句时
用that引导间接引语,that 可以省略 say to sb. tell sb. She said,”I’ll go there tomorrow.” She said that she’ll go there the next day. She said to me,”I broke your CD player.” She told me that she had broken my CD player.
直接引语为一般疑问句
用if 或whether 引导间接引语 用陈述句的语序 say 变为ask
He said,”Is Lucy interested in English?” He asked if Lucy was interested in English.
直接引语为特殊疑问句
用原来的疑问词引导 用陈述句的语序 say 变为ask “What can I do for you?” he said to me. He asked me what he could do for me.
He said (that) he was afraid he could’t finish the work. She said,”My sister was here one week ago.” She said (that) her sister had been here one week before. She said,”I’ll come here this evening.” She said (that) she would come here that evening

英语高一上册必修一直接引语和间接引语(1)——陈述句和疑问句-人教版

英语高一上册必修一直接引语和间接引语(1)——陈述句和疑问句-人教版

学习目标:1. 陈述句和疑问句中直接引语和间接引语的转换。

2. 在实际运用中体会和领悟直接引语和间接引语的表意功能。

重点难点:重点:陈述句和疑问句进行直间接引语的转换时所产生的变化。

难点:直接引语和间接引语的表意功能。

考情分析:1. 这个知识点的考查形式以往以单选的形式出现,现在多出现在语法填空题里或在完形填空和阅读理解中作为背景信息出现。

2. 这个知识点在考查内容上多与时态的考查相联系。

知识梳理:陈述句和疑问句“I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne.Anne said that she didn’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary.直接引述别人的原话,两边用引号(“”)标出,叫做直接引语;用自己的话转述别人的话,不需要引号,叫做间接引语。

间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。

用法:1. 句型的变化(1)陈述句:用连词that引导,that在口语中常省略。

引述动词用said,told等。

注意,可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that,但不可直接说told that。

(2)一般疑问句和反意疑问句:间接引语用连词whether或if引导,引述动词用asked (me/him/us等),语序是陈述句语序。

(3)特殊疑问句:原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词,主句的谓语动词用ask (sb. )来表达,语序改为陈述句语序。

(4)选择疑问句:用whether…or…表达,而不用if…or…,也不用either…or…。

例句:“I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends.→Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers.He said, “Do you have any difficulty with your pronunciation?”→He asked (me)whether / if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you?”→He asked whether I was interested in English.He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country?”→He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.He asked, “Do you speak English or French?”→He asked me whether I spoke English or French.2. 人称的变化遵循一主、二宾、三不变的原则。

英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语

英语直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语(Direct Speech and indirect Speech) 1直接引语:直接引述别人的原话,叫直接引语。

间接引语:用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。

间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。

直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。

例如:Mr Black said, “I'm busy” XXX先生说:“我很忙”(直接引语)Mr Black said that he was XXX.XXX先生说他很忙。

(间接引语)1、直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导(that在口语中常省略),从句中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应变化。

在这一方面,汉语和英语有许多相似之处,因此,在做直接引语和间接引语转换练时,要特别注意句子的意义。

1)人称的变化a)He said, “I like it very much.”他说:“我非常喜欢它。

”He said that he liked it very much.他说他非常喜欢它。

b) He saidto me, “I've left my book in your room.” 他对我说:“我把书放在你的房间里了。

”He told me that he had left his book in my room.他告诉我他把书放在我的房间里了。

2)时态的变化如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化。

如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。

时态的变化例句直接引语间接引语一般现在时→一般过去时He said, “I'm afraid I XXX work.”He said that he was XXX.现在进行时→过去进行时He said, “I'm using XXX.”He said that he was using the knife.现在完成时→过去完成时She said, “I have not heard from him since May.”She said that she had not heard from him since May.一般曩昔时→曩昔完成He said, “I came to help you.”He said that he had come to help me.过去完成时不变He said, “I had XXX”He said that he had finished his homework before supper.3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化:变革例句直接引语间接引语this-that这个-那个She said, “Iwill come this morning."She said that she would go that morning.these-those这些=那些He said, "XXX."He said that those books were his.now-then现在-那时He said, "It is nine 0'clock now."He said that it was nine 0'clock then.today-that day本日-那天He said, "I haven't seen her today."XXX.XXX-the day before今天-前一天she said, "I went there XXX."She said that she had gone there the day before.tomorrow-the next(following) day明天-第二天she said, "I'll go there tomorrow."She said that she would go there the next (following) day.here-there这里-那里come-go来-去注:(1)直接引语如果是客观谬误,变成直接引语时,时态稳定。

直接引语与间接引语

直接引语与间接引语

主语从句:主语从句连接词与宾语从 句的连接词大致一样 ______ he is still alive is a wonder. That _______ it will do us harm remains to Whether be seen. _______________________ comes in first Whoever/Whichever (of you) will receive a prize. ___________ people we are to invite is still How many a question.
3.直接引语是特殊疑问句,变成间接引语时, 由相应的疑问词who, whom, whose, how, when, why, where 等引导。 My sister asked me, "How do you like the film?"→ My sister asked me how I liked the film. 4. 直接引语是祈使句,变成间接引语时, 把动词原形变成动词不定式,并在动词不定 前加tell, ask, order 等的宾语。 The captain ordered, "Be quiet." The captain ordered us to be quiet.
They mainly discussed the suggestion that (should) be built ______ a big dam _______________(build) there.

同位语从句 :它一般跟在某些名词后面, 用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news, idea,fact,promise,thought,hope, message,suggestion,word(消息), possibility等。 question,doubt,no idea suggestion, demand, request …

高一英语讲义:Unit 1 Friendship直接引语 间接引语(陈述句和疑问句)

高一英语讲义:Unit 1 Friendship直接引语 间接引语(陈述句和疑问句)

高一英语专题:Unit 1 Friendship 直接引语间接引语(陈述句和疑问句)(一)【必背词汇、短语】1. add up 合计2. upset vt&vi 弄翻,使…不安,使心烦,扰乱adj. 心烦意乱的,不舒服的,不适的,难过的.3. ignore不理睬、忽视4. calm (使)平静、(使)镇定calm down 平静/镇定下来5. have got to 不得不、必须6. concern (使)担忧、涉及、关系到be concerned about…关心,挂念7. go through 经历、经受8. set down 记下、放下、登记9. a series of 一系列10. on purpose 故意11. in order to 为了……12. at dusk 在黄昏时刻13. face to face 面对面地14. no longer/not…any longer 不再……15. settle 安家、定居、停留16. suffer 遭受、忍受、经历17. suffer from 遭受、患病18. recover 痊愈、恢复、重新获得19. get/be tired of 对……厌烦20. pack 捆扎,包装/包裹21. pack (sth) up 将(东西)装箱打包22. get along with 与……相处23. fall in love 爱上24. disagree 不同意25. join in 参加(二)【必背重点句型】1.It was the first time in a year and a half that I had seen the night face to face.(从句时态用完成时)这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。

2. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(强调句)我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

英语中的直接引语和间接引语

英语中的直接引语和间接引语

英语中的直接引语和间接引语一、直接引语和间接引语的概念1. 直接引语- 直接引语就是直接引用别人的原话,被引用的部分通常放在引号内。

例如:He said, "I am going to the park." 在这个句子中,“I am going to the park.”就是直接引语,它原封不动地呈现了说话者所说的内容。

2. 间接引语- 间接引语是用自己的话转述别人的话,不用引号。

例如:He said that he was going to the park. 这里“he was going to the park”就是间接引语,它是对原句“He said, 'I am going to the park.'”的转述。

二、直接引语变间接引语的变化规则1. 人称的变化- 如果直接引语中的主语是第一人称(I或we),在变为间接引语时,要根据句子的意思相应地变为第三人称(he/she或they)。

- 例如:- 直接引语:I said, "I like this book."- 间接引语:I said that I liked this book.(这里因为主语都是I,人称不变,但如果是He said, "I like this book." 变为间接引语就是He said that he liked this book.)- 如果直接引语中的第二人称(you),在变为间接引语时,要根据转述者和听话者的关系变为第一人称(I/we)或第三人称(he/she/they)。

- 例如:- 直接引语:He said to me, "You are a good student."- 间接引语:He told me that I was a good student.- 直接引语:He said to her, "You should study hard."- 间接引语:He told her that she should study hard.2. 时态的变化- 一般现在时变为一般过去时。

直接引语和间接引语(陈述句和疑问句)Grammar


1. She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.” 1. She often says (that) all men and women are equal under the law.
1. 直接引语转变为间接引语时, 从句由 that引导, 可省略; 主句动词为一般将 来时或现在时, 从句动词时态不变。
一般现在时 现在完成时 现在进行时 一般将来时 一般过去时
过去完成时
一般过去时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时
不变
1. “It is really cold,” she said to me. She told me that it ____ was really cold. 2. “I don’t want to go there with Alice,”
直接引语(变化前)
一般过去时 “I saw her last Monday,” he said.
间接引语(变化后)
过去完成时 He said he had seen her the previous Monday.
直接引语(变化前) 一般将来时 He said: “We shall start tomorrow.” 过去完成时
直接引语(变化前) 现在完成时 “I have seen her before,” said he. 现在完成进行时 He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”
间接引语(变化后) 过去完成时 He said he had seen her before. 过去完成进行时 He said he had been doing it for hours.

直接引语和间接引语

直接引语和间接引语1. 直接引语(direct speech)直接引用别人的原话的,叫直接引语。

直接引语须放在引号内。

He said, “ I am a dentist.”2. 间接引语(indirect speech)用自己的话转述别人的话,叫间接引语。

间接引语不用引号。

He said that he was a dentist.▲注意:(1) 可以引述间接引语的动词一般都是表示说话的动词,如“say, tell, ask, report”等。

(2) 直接引语变为间接引语时,须在人称、时态、状语等方面作必要的调整。

一、陈述句:直接引语变为间接引语的时候,须由从属连词that来引导(口语中可省略),that 前加上say/tell 等表示说话的动词。

1)人称的变化: 人称需作相应的变化口诀: 一随主, 二随宾, 第三人称不更新Eg1: I said to them, “ I need your help.”I told them that I needed their help.Eg2: He said to me, “They want to play tennis.”Her told me that they wanted to play tennis2) 时态的变化:1. 引号外句子的谓语动词, 如果是现在或将来时态:时态一律不变He says, “ I cleaned the floor.”_________________________________________He will say, “ I have watered the flowers.”__________________________________________2. 引号外句子的谓语动词, 如果是过去时:时态向过去推前a) 直接为一般现在时,间接为一般过去时She said, “I like swimming.”_____________________________________________b) 直接为现在进行时,间接为过去进行时She said, “we are having a meeting.”_____________________________________________c) 直接为现在完成时,间接为过去完成时He said, “ I have repaired the radio.”_____________________________________________d) 直接为一般过去时,间接为过去完成时She said to me, “ I saw the film.”______________________________________________e) 直接为过去完成时,间接仍是过去完成时He said, “I had planted the trees.”_____________________________________________f ) 直接为一般将来时,间接为过去将来时He said, “ I will help her.”_____________________________________________▲注意:直接引语若是客观真理,引号里的时态则不变He said, “ Failure is the mother of success.”________________________________________________“The moon moves around the earth,” the teacher told them.________________________________________________二、疑问句:除了在时态、代词、状语的方面作必要的调整外,还要注意:①间接引语要用陈述句的语序②特殊疑问句的疑问词要保留③一般、选择或反意疑问句在间接引语前要加连词whether 或if。

间接引语 直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法

间接引语直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法间接引语:直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法在日常的交流和写作中,我们经常会使用引语来引述他人的话语、观点或资料。

引语分为直接引语和间接引语两种形式。

本文将详细介绍直接引语和间接引语的转换和用法。

一、直接引语和间接引语的定义直接引语是将其他人的话语直接引述出来,完全保留原话的句子结构和语气,使用引号标注。

例如:直接引语:他说:“我很喜欢这本书。

”间接引语则是以自己的话语表达他人的意思,不用完全保留原话的句子结构和语气,没有引号。

例如:间接引语:他说他很喜欢那本书。

二、直接引语和间接引语的转换在使用直接引语和间接引语时,我们需要根据具体的语境和文章需要进行相应的转换。

1. 直接引语转换为间接引语将直接引语转换为间接引语的关键是要改变时态、人称和语气。

具体转换规则如下:(1)时态变化:根据引述的时间关系,将时态进行相应的变换。

直接引语(一般现在时):她说:“我爱这个城市。

”间接引语(一般过去时):她说她爱那个城市。

(2)人称变化:将引语中的人称变为第三人称,以符合间接引语的表达习惯。

直接引语:玛丽说:“我会去参加会议。

”间接引语:玛丽说她会去参加会议。

(3)语气变化:根据引语的语气,将其变为陈述句或疑问句。

直接引语(陈述句):他说:“我很忙。

”间接引语(陈述句):他说他很忙。

直接引语(疑问句):她问:“你去吗?”间接引语(疑问句):她问我是否去。

2. 间接引语转换为直接引语将间接引语转换为直接引语时,需要相应地恢复原话的句子结构和语气,具体转换规则如下:(1)恢复原话的时态、人称和语气。

间接引语:他说他很忙。

直接引语:他说:“我很忙。

”(2)根据上下文进行适当的补充和修正。

间接引语:她说她不会来了。

直接引语:她说:“我不会来了。

”三、直接引语和间接引语的用法1. 直接引语的用法直接引语在文章中使用时要加引号,并根据具体的情况采用适当的标点符号。

同时,我们还可以使用引用标注或上下文引导来引入直接引语。

直接引语和间接引语陈述句和疑问句


一般过去时 He said he knew it.
过去进行时 She said she was making coffee for us all.
直接引语(变化前) 现在完成时 “I have seen her before,” said he.
现在完成进行时 He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”
2. 直接引语转变为间接引语时,人称要 进行相应变化;且主句动词为一般过 去时时,从句动词时态应为过去时的 相应时态。
1.人称的变化
直接引语里的第一人称和第二人称,变间 接引语时,人称要做相应调整。 1. She said: “I am hungry.” She said she was hungry. 2. Mum said to me:“ You can do it yourself.” Mum told me that I could do it myself. 3. Mr. Smith said, “He is a good worker.’’ Mr. Smith said that he was a good worker.
间接引语(变化后) 过去完成时 He said he had seen her before.
过去完成进行时 He said he had been doing it for hours.
直接引语(变化前) 一般过去时 “I saw her last Monday,” he said.
间接引语(变化后) 过去完成时 He said he had seen her the previous Monห้องสมุดไป่ตู้ay.
Jack said Rick had been ill for many days till he died.
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直接引语和间接引语Ⅰ(陈述句和疑问句)
教学目标:
一.知识目标:
掌握直接引语和间接引语的概念。

学会区分直接引语和间接引语。

二.能力目标
掌握当直接引语是陈述句和疑问句时,该怎样将直接引语转化成间接引语。

掌握直接引语便间接引语时,时态的变化。

熟练在直接引语和间接引语之间进行转化。

教学重点:
时态的变化
指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词的变化。

间接引语时态不作改变的情况
教学难点:准确无误地将直接引语转化成间接引语。

教学方法:
教学步骤:
一.引入新课
我们在生活中,经常会遇到这种情况:我们请别人帮我们传达信息;别人请我们传达信息。

在这样的情况下,用怎么样的方法才能时需要传达的信息不会变质呢?
如:今天,一位学生家长带着自己正在念初三的学生来到恒名教育,想向蒲老师打听一下收费情况及具体的课时安排。

结果,不巧,蒲老师出去了只有等到第二天才回来,等蒲老师回来后,你该怎样转述家长的话给蒲老师呢/
二.新课教学
(一)出示本节课的学习目标
(二)学习目标完成过程
变直接引语为间接引语时,应注意以下事项:
(1)句型的变化
①直接引语为陈述句时,下列情况中的that不可省略:
当宾语从句作直接宾语时。

当宾语从句中的状语置于从句句首时。

当两个或两个以上的宾语从句并列时,仅能省略第一个that,其余的不可省略。

②直接引语为一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,宾语从句有whether或if引导。

He said, “Can you come this afternoon?”→
He asked whether/if John could come that afternoon.
③特殊疑问句变为由who, what, when等疑问词引导的宾语从句。

He said, “Where is Mr Wang?”→
He asked where Mr Wang is.
④直接引语是祈使句时,应注意常变为ask/tell/order sb. to do sth.句型。

若是以let’s 开头的祈使句,则通常变为suggest doing或suggest+从句的形式。

“Will you pen the door for me?”→
She asked me to pen the door for her.
(2)时态的变化
若主句谓语动词是过去时,从句的时态应变成过去相应的过去的某种时态。

如下表所示:
如果直接引语属于下面的情况,变为间接引语时时态不作改变:
①主句的谓语动词为现在和将来时态。

a. He says, “I’m tired.”→ He says that he is tired.
b. He will says, “The boy was lazy.”→He will tell you that the boy was lazy.
②当直接引语是客观真理时,不受时间限制。

He said to us,“The earth goes around the sun.”→
He said to us that the earth goes around the sun.
③直接引语是过去时,并且和具体的过去时间连用,时态不作改变。

She said, “I was born in 1995.”→She said she was born in1995.
(3)指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词的变化。

(4)人称代词的变化
①“一随主”若直接引语中有第一人称,变间接引语时应与主句中主语的人称相一致。

②“二随宾”若直接引语中有第二人称,变间接引语时应与主句中宾语的人称相一致
③“第三人称不更新”直接引语中的第三人称变间接引语时不需要变化。

三.巩固训练
教材完全解读16-17页例题4,
四.小结
1.什么是直接引语?什么是间接引语?1.
2.变直接引语为间接引语时,应注意哪些事项?(句型的变化;时态的变化;指示代词,时间状语,地点状语和动词的变化; 人称代词的变化)
五.作业
教材完全解读18页:速效基础演练的3个小题,知能提升突破的6个小题。

六.板书设计
七.课后反思。

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