Global English
英语作文模板描述
英语作文模板描述英文回答：The Importance of English as a Global Language。
In today's interconnected world, the ability to communicate and collaborate across borders is crucial. English has emerged as the dominant language of international communication, playing a vital role in business, diplomacy, education, and the exchange of ideas. Its widespread adoption has created a global lingua franca that facilitates understanding and cooperation between people from diverse linguistic backgrounds.Business and Commerce。
English is the language of global business. Multinational corporations and international organizations conduct their operations in English, making it essential for professionals seeking to participate in the globaleconomy. The ability to communicate effectively in English enables businesses to expand their reach, negotiate contracts, and collaborate with partners worldwide.Diplomacy and International Relations。
英语成为国际语言的原因英语作文
英语成为国际语言的原因英语作文全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Rise of English as a Global Lingua FrancaAs an international student, I am reminded daily of the profound impact and reach of the English language. Whether conversing with friends from vastly different cultures, navigating academic texts, or simply browsing the internet, English has become the undisputed lingua franca of our globalized world. But how did this particular language ascend to such a dominant position? In this essay, I will explore the historical, cultural, and practical factors that have contributed to the emergence of English as the preeminent international language.The roots of English's global dissemination can be traced back to the era of British colonialism. As the British Empire expanded its territories across the globe, it brought with it the English language, which was imposed as the language of administration, education, and commerce in many of its colonies. This process of linguistic imperialism, while controversial andoften oppressive, laid the foundations for the eventual spread of English beyond the boundaries of the British Empire.Furthermore, the industrial revolution, which originated in Britain, played a pivotal role in elevating the status of English. As Britain became a hub of technological innovation and economic prowess, the English language became inextricably linked with scientific and industrial progress, further enhancing its prestige and appeal on the international stage.In the 20th century, the emergence of the United States as a global superpower and economic juggernaut cemented English's position as the language of global business and diplomacy. The widespread adoption of American popular culture, including music, movies, and television shows, also contributed significantly to the propagation of English worldwide.Moreover, the establishment of international organizations such as the United Nations and the proliferation of multinational corporations have necessitated the use of a common language for effective communication and collaboration. English, with its relatively simple grammar and vast vocabulary, has proven to be an ideal choice for this purpose, facilitating cross-cultural interactions and enabling the exchange of ideas and information on a truly global scale.However, the dominance of English is not solely attributable to historical and political factors; there are also practical considerations that have contributed to its widespread adoption. For instance, the relative simplicity of English grammar, compared to languages like Russian or German, has made it more accessible to learners from diverse linguistic backgrounds. Additionally, the vast vocabulary of English, derived from its Germanic roots and extensive borrowing from other languages, has endowed it with a remarkable expressive range, making it well-suited for various domains, including literature, science, and commerce.Furthermore, the rise of the internet and digital technologies has played a crucial role in solidifying English's status as the language of the digital age. With the majority of online content and software being produced in English, proficiency in the language has become an essential skill for navigating the virtual world and accessing the vast repositories of knowledge and information available online.While the global prevalence of English has undoubtedly facilitated international communication and collaboration, it is important to acknowledge the potential drawbacks and criticisms associated with linguistic hegemony. Some argue thatthe dominance of English has led to the marginalization and erosion of other languages, posing a threat to linguistic diversity and cultural heritage. Additionally, there are concerns that the widespread use of English as a lingua franca may lead to the formation of distinct varieties of English, potentially complicating communication and understanding among speakers from different regions.Despite these valid concerns, it is unlikely that the primacy of English as an international language will diminish in the foreseeable future. As globalization continues to intensify and the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the need for a common language will only grow more pressing. While efforts should be made to preserve linguistic diversity and promote multilingualism, the practical advantages of English as a shared means of communication cannot be ignored.In conclusion, the rise of English as the dominant international language is the result of a complex interplay of historical, cultural, and practical factors. From the legacy of British colonialism and the industrial revolution to the emergence of the United States as a global superpower and the advent of the digital age, English has proven to be a remarkably resilient and adaptable language, capable of transcendinggeographical and cultural boundaries. As an international student, I am acutely aware of the invaluable role English plays in facilitating cross-cultural interactions, academic pursuits, and global cooperation. While acknowledging the potential drawbacks of linguistic hegemony, I firmly believe that the practical advantages of a common language outweigh the potential risks, and that English will continue to serve as a vital bridge connecting people, ideas, and nations for years to come.篇2In the globalized world we live in today, English has emerged as the lingua franca, serving as the primary language of communication across nations and cultures. As a student, I believe there are several compelling reasons why English has attained this status as an international language. In this essay, I will explore the historical, cultural, and practical factors that have contributed to the widespread adoption of English.First and foremost, the historical dominance of the British Empire played a pivotal role in the dissemination of the English language. During the height of its imperial power, Britain colonized vast territories across the globe, from North America to Asia and Africa. As a result, English was introduced and imposed as the language of administration, education, andcommerce in these colonies. This colonial legacy left an indelible mark, as English became deeply rooted in the linguistic fabric of these regions, even after many nations gained independence.Additionally, the emergence of the United States as a global superpower in the 20th century further solidified the position of English as an international language. The economic and cultural influence of the United States, coupled with its vast entertainment industry and technological innovations, has made English the language of choice for many people around the world. From Hollywood movies and popular music tocutting-edge research and international business, English has become the dominant language in these spheres, enabling seamless communication and exchange of ideas across borders.Moreover, the simplicity and flexibility of the English language have contributed to its widespread adoption. Unlike many other languages with complex grammatical structures and intricate writing systems, English is relatively straightforward and easier to learn, especially as a second language. This accessibility has made English an attractive choice for individuals seeking to communicate globally, whether for educational, professional, or personal reasons.Furthermore, the rise of globalization and the interconnectedness of the modern world have necessitated the use of a common language for international communication. English has emerged as the lingua franca in fields such as diplomacy, aviation, and international organizations like the United Nations. By adopting a shared language, nations and individuals can overcome linguistic barriers, facilitating cooperation, trade, and the exchange of knowledge on a global scale.Additionally, the prevalence of English-language content on the internet has further cemented its status as an international language. With a significant portion of online resources, including websites, publications, and educational materials, being available in English, proficiency in the language has become essential for accessing and contributing to the vast repository of knowledge and information available on the World Wide Web.While the dominance of English as an international language has its critics, who argue that it may pose a threat to linguistic diversity and cultural preservation, it is undeniable that the ability to communicate effectively in English opens up countlessopportunities for personal and professional growth in our interconnected world.In conclusion, the rise of English as an international language can be attributed to a confluence of historical, cultural, and practical factors. From its colonial roots and the influence of the United States to its simplicity and the demands of globalization, English has become the lingua franca, bridging gaps and fostering communication across borders. As a student, embracing and mastering this language can unlock a world of opportunities, enabling us to engage with diverse cultures, access global knowledge, and navigate the increasingly interconnected landscape of the 21st century.篇3The Rise of English as a Global Lingua FrancaIn today's interconnected world, the ability to communicate across borders and cultures has become increasingly crucial. Among the myriad of languages spoken across the globe, English has emerged as the undisputed lingua franca, a common language that facilitates communication between people from diverse linguistic backgrounds. As a student navigating the complexities of the modern world, I find it fascinating to delveinto the reasons behind English's widespread adoption and its enduring dominance on the global stage.One of the primary factors contributing to the ascendancy of English is its historical roots as a language of colonization and empire. The British Empire, at its peak, spanned vast territories across multiple continents, leaving an indelible mark on the cultural and linguistic landscapes of colonies worldwide. As the empire expanded, so did the influence of the English language, which became the lingua franca of commerce, administration, and education in many of these territories. This widespread dissemination laid the foundation for English's subsequent global prominence.Furthermore, the economic and political might ofEnglish-speaking nations, particularly the United States and the United Kingdom, has played a significant role in propelling the language's international status. As these nations emerged as global superpowers, their cultural and economic influence extended far beyond their borders, shaping international discourse and necessitating a common language for communication. English became the language of diplomacy, business, and academia, further reinforcing its position as the global lingua franca.The rise of modern technology and the digital revolution have also contributed significantly to the ubiquity of English. With the advent of the internet and various digital platforms, the need for a common language that transcends geographical boundaries became paramount. English, with its widespread adoption and extensive body of technical and scientific literature, naturally emerged as the language of choice for global communication in the digital realm. The dominance of prominent technological companies and platforms based in English-speaking countries further cemented the language's prevalence in the digital sphere.Moreover, the entertainment industry, particularly Hollywood and the global reach of English-language media, has played a pivotal role in popularizing the English language worldwide. The allure of American and British movies, television shows, music, and literature has captivated audiences across the globe, exposing billions of people to the English language and fostering a desire to learn and understand it. This cultural influence has significantly contributed to the language's widespread appeal and adoption.It is also worth noting that English's relatively simple grammar structure and flexibility in incorporating loanwordsfrom other languages have made it more accessible and adaptable compared to some other widely spoken languages. This adaptability has facilitated its adoption by diverse populations, further reinforcing its status as a global lingua franca.As a student, I recognize the immense value of English proficiency in today's interconnected world. Whether it's pursuing higher education opportunities, engaging in international collaborations, or exploring career prospects in multinational corporations, proficiency in English opens doors to a wealth of possibilities. Furthermore, the ability to communicate effectively in English fosters cross-cultural understanding and facilitates the exchange of ideas, leading to enhanced global cooperation and progress.However, it is essential to acknowledge that the dominance of English as a global lingua franca has raised concerns about linguistic imperialism and the potential marginalization of other languages and cultures. Critics argue that the widespread adoption of English may inadvertently diminish the richness and diversity of indigenous languages, posing a threat to cultural identities and traditions. As a student, I believe it is crucial to strike a balance between embracing the practical benefits ofEnglish proficiency while also promoting and preserving linguistic diversity worldwide.In conclusion, the rise of English as the global lingua franca can be attributed to a confluence of historical, economic, political, technological, and cultural factors. Its widespread adoption has facilitated global communication, fostered international cooperation, and opened doors to countless opportunities for individuals and nations alike. As a student, I recognize the immense value of English proficiency while also acknowledging the importance of preserving linguistic diversity and promoting cross-cultural understanding. By embracing English as a tool for global connectivity while celebrating the richness of other languages and cultures, we can pave the way for a more inclusive and harmonious global community.。
英语六级作文范文文化入侵语言霸权
Nowadays, there is a widespread debate about the influence of the spread of English as a ‘global language’. Undoubtedly, there are both advantages and disadvantages. Every coin has two sides. So does the spread of English. But I think the good side is more than the bad side.Generally speaking, it is widely believed there are two major positive aspects of the spread of English as a ‘global language’. Firstly, with the development of Economic Globalization, an increasing number of businessmen appreciate the role of English in their lives and English has been used in many business situations. What's more, it has even entered the lives of ordinary people. It also helps us communicate with overseas friends more efficiently. And secondly, English as a ‘global language’ has promoted greatly the efficiency of exchanges of the latest scientific and technological achievements in various countries such as Biology and Physics which promotes human progress and development.However, the negative aspects are also quite apparent. To begin with, it has caused extinction of lots of small languages or threatened the existence of remaining smaller languages. In addition, the spread of English has brought external interference to the culture of other countries. For example, more and more Chinese people regard Valentine's Day or Christmas as a very important festival.In general, the widespread spread of English has many disadvantages for many individual countries and nations, but the spread of English as a global language can greatly improve the communication efficiency of all human beings and it also promotes the improvement of human science and technology, which ultimately benefit all human beings.。
英语作文原因分析20条
英语作文原因分析20条English is a global language that is widely spoken and used in various aspects of life, including education, business, and communication. There are several reasons why learning and using English is important. In this essay, we will explore 20 reasons for the importance of English.1. Communication: English is the most widely spoken language in the world, with over 1.5 billion speakers. It serves as a common language that allows people from different linguistic backgrounds to communicate effectively.2. International Business: English is the dominant language in international business and trade. Many multinational corporations use English as the primary language for internal and external communication, making it essential for those seeking employment in the global market.3. Education: English is the primary language of instruction in many educational institutions worldwide, particularly at the tertiary level.Students who are proficient in English have a significant advantagein accessing educational resources and opportunities.4. Access to Information: A vast majority of the information available on the internet, in academic journals, and in other media is in English. Proficiency in English allows individuals to access a wealth of knowledge and stay informed.5. Career Advancement: Employers often prioritize candidates with strong English language skills, as it enhances their ability to communicate effectively, collaborate with international teams, and participate in global projects.6. Travel and Tourism: English is the most widely used language in the tourism industry, making it easier for travelers to navigate and communicate in various destinations around the world.7. Cultural Understanding: Proficiency in English allows individuals to engage with and understand different cultures, as it is the primary language used in various forms of media, such as movies, music, and literature.8. Scientific Research: English is the dominant language in the field of scientific research and publication. Researchers who can effectively communicate their findings in English have a greater chance ofhaving their work recognized and published.9. Social Networking: With the widespread use of social media and online platforms, English has become the primary language for global communication and interaction, facilitating connections with people from around the world.10. Technological Advancement: Many of the world's leading technology companies and innovations are based in English-speaking countries, and proficiency in English is often required to access and utilize these technologies.11. Diplomatic Relations: English is one of the official languages used in international organizations, such as the United Nations, making it essential for diplomats and policymakers to be proficient in the language.12. Personal Development: Learning English can open up opportunities for personal growth, as it allows individuals to engage with a wider range of educational, cultural, and professional resources.13. Migration and Relocation: Proficiency in English is often a requirement for individuals seeking to migrate or relocate to English-speaking countries, as it facilitates integration and access to variousservices and opportunities.14. Intellectual Property: Much of the world's intellectual property, including patents, copyrights, and trademarks, is documented in English, making it crucial for individuals and businesses to have a good command of the language.15. Globalization: As the world becomes increasingly interconnected, the ability to communicate effectively in English has become essential for individuals and businesses to participate in the global economy and collaborate with partners from around the world.16. Healthcare: In the medical field, English is the predominant language used in medical research, publications, and communication among healthcare professionals, making it crucial for those working in the industry to be proficient in the language.17. Legal System: Many international legal frameworks, treaties, and contracts are written in English, making it essential for legal professionals to have a strong understanding of the language.18. Entertainment Industry: English is the primary language used in the global entertainment industry, including Hollywood movies, international music, and popular television shows, allowing individuals to access and enjoy a wide range of cultural content.19. Personal Enrichment: Learning English can provide individuals with a sense of personal accomplishment and open up new opportunities for self-expression, creativity, and intellectual growth.20. Multilingualism: Proficiency in English can serve as a foundation for learning additional languages, as it provides a common ground for understanding linguistic structures and cultural references, further enhancing an individual's linguistic abilities.In conclusion, the importance of English cannot be overstated. From facilitating global communication and access to information to enhancing career prospects and personal development, the ability to speak and understand English is a valuable asset in today's interconnected world. As the world continues to evolve, the significance of English will only continue to grow, making it an essential skill for individuals seeking to thrive in the 21st century.。
Why_English_Become_a_Global_Language
Why English Become a Global Language?1. IntroductionWorld-wide globalization has spread English into a “global language”. It is spoken all over the world. Many countries use it as the primary language of business, navigation science and technology, and academia.2. The Cause of English’s Becoming A Global Language2.1. English is a global language because of many kinds of powerFirstly, it is the historical power. During the time of Roman Empire, when the Roman military power declines, Latin remained as the international language due to a different sort of power: the ecclesiastical power of Roman Catholicism. Secondly, it is the political, military and economic power. In the 19th century, England expanded worldwide, this made English advance into the world and become an international language. In the 20th century, the U. S. replaced Britain as the guardian of the West, it became a superpower that owned the great strength of politics, economy, science, technology and military, the status of English as an international language has been consolidated and strengthened.2.2. English speaker can find a good job and have a better lifeTake China for example. As China joins WTO, it marks the reform and openness has entered a new stage. Today, the openness is gradually strengthened, a large number of multinational companies has poured into China, they have brought in funds and advanced technologies at the same time, these companies can also bring some production technologies and advanced management personnel.For those university graduates who are in need of applying for job, the amount of strong rivals have really increased. “Sea turtles”in China have strong core competitiveness in fierce competition. They not only have strong language skills, but also be familiar with the world economic operation rules and the national legal system, their home employment is a big challenge for the college graduates. In order to stand out in the fierce competition, learning English well has become more and more urgent for employees. Because English is a common language in the world today, masteringit can easily communicate with people around the world, and obtain the necessary information at any time, also enrich spiritual life. People who can speak fluent English can be more competitive and successful, undoubtedly, will have a better life. Under such circumstances, the status of English has become increasingly important, more and more people around the world begin to learn English, English becomes a global language.3. The Effects of English’s Becoming A Global Language3.1. Positive effectsEnglish makes it easy to access and understand other cultures. Speaking English immediately opens up opportunities regardless of your ethnicity, color, or background.Firstly, English is the most commonly used language among foreign language speakers. Throughout the world, when people with different languages come together they commonly use English to communicate. Secondly, despite China, the United States is still a leader in technical innovation and economic development. English is used in the United States and in each of its fields. Thirdly, knowing English will make you bilingual and more employable in every country in the world. Fourthly, English speakers in the United States earn more money than non-English speakers. Learning English will open your job prospects and increase your standard of living. The last reason why you should learn English is English is commonly spoken throughout much of the world due to Great Britain’s expansion during the colonial age. People in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, parts of Africa, India, and many smaller island nations speak English. English is the commonly adopted second language in Germany, Norway, Sweden, Denmark and the Netherlands. Speaking English opens these countries and cultures up to you.3.2. Negative effectsFrom the point of view of national identity and language maintenance, this kind of English globalization will inevitably bring the “homogeneity” of western culture, namely “americanized”“westernization”. Western culture is spreaded through language teaching to a great extent, it also could be seen as an effective way of“cultural invasion”, it will directly affect the learners’values, outlooks on life and world views.A global language will cultivate an elite monolingual linguistic class. Those who have such a language as a mother tongue will be more able to think and work quickly in the language and to manipulate to their advantage at the expense of those who do not have it. And the presence of a global language may make people lazy about learning other languages, or reduce the opportunities to do so.In addition, a global language will hasten the disappearance of minority languages; the danger that some people will celebrate on e language’s success at the expense of others. The globalization of English will cause the demise of other languages. In 1992, a prominent US linguist stunned the academic world by predicting that by the year 2100, 90% of the world’s languages would have ceased to exist. These languages and cultures are equally part of our heritage and merit preservation.4. ConclusionThe world needs a global language and it is English. In order to make the world to develop at the same speed, a common language is needed to communicate with each other. It has been a long history before English as the global language. So it can’t be changed easily. What’s more, the strong power of America has caused English spread around the world. Besides, so many countries treat English as a second language. So English as the global language is convenient for many people. English is good to be a global language and people can use the language to be their skill so that they will be more successful in all kinds of fields in the future. But the most important point that we should be aware of is English is a tool that only used to communicate with the people of the world and obtain more information, the purpose is to promote our culture and awareness in the international stage.。
Unit 2longman 朗文
Unit 2: English: a global language?Today I want to give you two contrasting point of view on whether or not English is a global language. The first is that English is obviously a global language. People who support this point of view believe English is the language people all over the world use to communicate, and that it is gradually replacing other languages. The second point of view is that English is not truly a global language, because it is not the main language spoken by most people worldwide. Supporters of this view say that even no many people speak some English worldwide, English has not replaced other languages. They acknowledge that people use English every day, for many reasons, but this doesn’t mean English is replacing other languages, nor does it make English the main language spoken in the world.First, let’s examine the first view. English is the domunent language of business, travel, and science. When people need a common language, they often use English. Think about that English is often used as tourist information setters, an international hotels, and at airports. If you use a taxi in Rome, and you can’t speak Italian, the taxi driver is more likely using English than the other languages. It is used at business meetings and international sports events. The European Union uses English along with French at its meetings.The second major reason that people believe that English is a global language is that it is the official language of more than 75 countries. This means these countries use English in schools, banks, business and government. Of these 75 countries, English may be the only official language of the country, like in England, or English may be used along with other official languages, like in the Philippines, Singapore and India.The third reason to support the global argument is that every year about 1 million people study English. Why ?There’s a more general reasons. The point is that people want or need to learn English because it offers opportunities.OK, I have given you many examples of how English is used in varieties of situation. Nevertheless, does this mean that English is a global language.Let’s look at why some people don’t believe that English are taking place other languages. First, there are about 3 times as many people who speak Chinese as their first language as those who speak English as a first language.Second, I mentioned before that 75 countries have English as their official language. This doesn’t mean all or even most of people in this country can speak English.Third, how much English does a person need to know to be called an English speaker? People may learn some English for specific situations, such as the taxi driver I mentioned earlier. However, I think you would all agree with me that a taxi driver who knows a few phrase just like “Where are you going?”, or “What is the name of your hotel?”isn’t really a professioned English speaker. Another example is that Air-speak.The point here is that people all over the world may use some English for work or other situations. Nevertheless, this doesn’t mean they are fluent in English. They still use their first language for daily communication.I think it’s safer to say that English will continue to be the main language used in many international settings because as I said earlier people all over the world need a common language. And, for now, English is that language.Some people are worry about this. They worry that as people use English more and more, their ability in their first lg will decline. I think people will use English along with other languages. We are moving into a global culture, and as this continues, I think people from non-English-speaking countries will want to maintain their culture, including their first lg. They may still want to learn English. But I don’t see them giving up their own language for English.。
英文简介 (2)
英文简介IntroductionEnglish, also known as the global lingua franca, is the most widely spoken language in the world. It serves as the official language in many countries and is the language of international communication. In this document, we will provide a brief overview of the English language, including its history, importance, and global reach.HistoryThe roots of English can be traced back to the Germanic tribes that settled in England during the 5th and 6th centuries. These tribes spoke various West Germanic dialects, which over time evolved into what is now known as Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the influence of French to the English language, resulting in Middle English. Modern English gradually emerged during the Renaissance period and has since gone through various transformations and expansions, incorporating words and phrases from a wide range of global languages.ImportanceEnglish is considered the language of opportunity, and its importance cannot be overstated. It is estimated that over 1.5 billion people worldwide speak English, either as a first or second language. Proficiency in English opens doors to economic, educational, and cultural opportunities. It is thelanguage of science, technology, business, and diplomacy. It also plays a significant role in the entertainment industry, with the majority of global movies, music, and literature being produced in English. In the academic sphere, English is often the medium of instruction in universities and is essential for global research collaboration.Global ReachEnglish has acquired unparalleled global reach and has become the de facto language for international communication. It is one of the official languages of the United Nations, the European Union, and many other international organizations. English dominates the internet, with the vast majority of websites and online content being in English. Moreover, English is commonly used as a second language in many countries, enabling people from different linguistic backgrounds to communicate with each other effectively. This wide acceptance and use of English worldwide contribute to its status as a global language.Varieties and DialectsEnglish has numerous varieties and dialects, reflecting its global presence. The most influential varieties are British English (BE) and American English (AE), each with its unique vocabulary, pronunciation, and spelling conventions. Other prominent varieties include Canadian English, Australian English, Indian English, and South African English. Additionally, within each country, there are regional dialects that exhibit distinct characteristics. These variations make English a dynamic and diverse language that continues to evolve.ConclusionEnglish is a remarkable language that has transcended borders and become an essential tool for global communication. Its rich history, global importance, and wide reach make it a language worth learning. Whether for personal or professional reasons, acquiring proficiency in English opens up a world of opportunities. As English continues to adapt and change, its influence will only strengthen, solidifying its position as the world’s language.(Word count: 317)。
英语作文电子文档模板
英语作文电子文档模板英文回答：What is the history of English as a global language?The history of English as a global language can be traced back to the 17th century, when the British Empire began to expand its reach around the world. As British colonies were established in North America, Africa, and Asia, English was introduced as the language of government, commerce, and education. Over time, English became the lingua franca of international trade, diplomacy, and scientific communication.In the 19th century, the United States emerged as a global superpower, and English became the dominant language of international business and popular culture. This was due in part to the rise of American films, television shows, and music, which were widely distributed around the world.Today, English is the most widely spoken language in the world, with over 1.5 billion speakers. It is theofficial language of 67 countries and is used as a second or third language by many more. English is the language of the internet, global business, and international organizations such as the United Nations.What are the factors that have contributed to the spread of English as a global language?There are a number of factors that have contributed to the spread of English as a global language, including:The British Empire: The British Empire was one of the largest empires in history, and its colonies were spread across the globe. As a result, English was introduced to many different countries and cultures.The United States: The United States is the world's largest economy and a major cultural exporter. This has led to the widespread adoption of English as the language of business and popular culture.Technology: The development of new technologies such as the internet and social media has made it easier for people around the world to communicate with each other in English.Education: English is a widely taught language in schools around the world. This has helped to increase the number of people who can speak and understand English.What are the benefits of speaking English as a global language?There are many benefits to speaking English as a global language, including:Increased economic opportunities: English is the language of business and commerce, so knowing English can give you a competitive edge in the job market.Improved communication: English is the language of international communication, so knowing English can helpyou to communicate with people from all over the world.Access to information: English is the language of the internet and global media, so knowing English can give you access to a vast amount of information and entertainment.Personal enrichment: Learning English can help you to gain a deeper understanding of other cultures and perspectives.中文回答：英语作为全球语言的历史是什么？英语作为全球语言的历史可以追溯到17世纪，当时大英帝国开始在世界各地扩张其影响力。
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Case File No 2 – Flona D. Flors
“What is important for me is intelligible pronunciation, not native speaker accent!!”
Do you prefer to be taught by her or him?
The Inner Circle
(Older Englishes)
Source: Kachru, 1985
Ownership
One of the logical consequence is the issue of ownership
English belongs to ….. ?
Ownership
Do you consider yourself a user or a learner?
Ownership: Learner or User 1. Learner – focus on usage Concerned with correctness Apologetic user; fear of making errors 2. User – focus on use Focus on effective communication Confident user
Quiz
10
It is possible and desirable to speak English like a native speaker of English. Yes ? No ?
Willy’s Poem
Globish
Messy, Lively Stirring, Upsetting but Invigorating That’s the Way We Use English
(Source: Alsagoff, 2009)
Singlish vs. Standard Singapore English Singlish
Take now so later can photocopy for you. (null subject/object) Yesterday, she go there also. Don’t bother me lah!
•
Four Criteria: New Englishes
1. They have developed mainly through the education system and used as a medium of instruction. 2. The country where they have developed had very few native speakers of English.
Hainan University, 6-9 Jan 2014
Quiz
1
I know what Global English means Yes ? No ?
Quiz
2
British English is the best variety in the world. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
is half empty” view towards language acquisition
Ownership: Different or Deficient? 2. Different = Recognition of legitimate varieties of English
Ownership: Learner or User
Standard English
She will take the document now so that she can later photocopy it for you. Yesterday she also went there. You really shouldn’t bother me!
(Source: Alsagoff, 2009)
Native Speakers
NATIVE SPEAKERISM
And yet …
ELT is still based on a theory of learning favouring native speakerism
Quiz
5
People in China speak standard Mandarin only. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
6
People in Beijing speak the best variety of Mandarin. Yes ? No ?
Quiz
7
I speak Mandarin with a strong Hainanese accent and am ashamed of myself. Yes ? No ?
Four Criteria: New Englishes
3. English serves a range of functions among those who use it. 4. English has become nativized and it has adopted unique linguistic features of its own (esp. the spoken language).
Varieties of Englishes
• • “New Englishes” or World Englishes The term covers a large number of varieties of English which are far from uniform in their characteristics and current use. They fulfill four criteria, according to Platt et al (1984):
English as Lingua Franca
Global English
2-3 Billion People
Simple, non-technical and FREE.
Who are the users of English today?
Kachru’s Three Circles
English spoken in Indonesia, China, Japan (100 – 1,000 millions)
Why bother?
1. 2. 3. 4.
Whose standards? Different or Difficient? User vs Learner? Which pedagogy?
Ownership: Standards
1. American, British or Australian standards?
Let me now tell you the story about Global English.
English used to be spoken in the UK and US (to a smaller extent Canada, New Zealand & Australia)
(Plat, Webber and Ho,1984)
Singlish vs. Standard Singapore English
Singlish
You want tea or not? He saw the movie already, is it?
Standard English
Do you want tea? He has seen the movie already, hasn’t she?
Case File No 2 – Baifang
Case File No 2 – Flona D. Flors I’m a competent bilingual teacher of English. I’m proud and happy to be me!! I use multicultural materials in my teaching.
Ownership: Standards
2. Local standard?
could not enter your class yesterday because I was not well
Student: I’m sorry I
not lock the door
Teacher: Oh? I did
Ownership: Standards
2. International standard?
• • Comprehensibility Acceptability
But what does it look like?
Ownership: Different or Deficient
1. Deficient = “The glass
Today
Case File No 1: Waily Rwandya
Case File No 1: Waily Rwandya
I teach according to the native speaker standards I use authentic materials from native speaking countries.
Franca.
115 countries
Source: /BOOK/reprints/weber/rep-weber.htm
A lingua franca has NO native speakers (Seidlhofer, 2004) Used locally, regionally and internationally 80% of English By native speakers and non-native speakers of teachers are English NNS There are a lot more non-native speakers than native speakers of English