新概念第二册第二课重点讲解

Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch?

【New words and expressions】生词和短语

until prep. 直到

outside adv. 外面

ring v. （铃、电话等）响（rang, rung）

aunt n. 姑，姨，婶，舅母

repeat v. 重复

★until prep.直到

until用于表示动作、状态等的持续，可译为“一直到……为止”或“在……以前”。

1) 在肯定句中，它与表示持续性状态的动词连用，表示持续到某一时刻:

I’ll wait here until 5. 我会在这里等到5 点钟。

His father was alive until he came back. 直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的.

2) 在否定句中，它通常与描述短暂动作的动词连用，表示“到……为止”、“直到……才”: She cannot arrive until 6. 她到6点才能来。

His father didn't die until he came back. 直到他回来,他爸爸才死.

3) until后的从句的时间终止之前,这个动作做了还是没做？做了前面的主句用肯定；没做前面的主句用否定:

He ___A(C)___(wait) until it stopped raining.

A. waited

B. didn't wait A. leave B. left

C. didn't leave

I stay in bed until twelve o'clock. I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.

★outside adv. 外面（作状语）

He is waiting for me outside.

It is cold outside.

★ring(rang. rung) v.(铃、电话等)响

①vt. 鸣，(铃、电话等)响(这种响是刺耳的, 往往是提醒人做某事)

Every morning the clock rings at 6.

The telephone(door bell) is ringing.

而风铃等响要用jingle，jingle (bell) (铃儿) 响叮当

②vt. 打电话给（美语中用call）ring sb. 给某人打电话

Tomorrow I'll ring you.

③n. （打）电话give sb. a ring

Remember to give me a ring. /Remember to ring me.

④n. 戒指

★aunt n. 姑,姨,婶,舅妈(所有长一辈的女性都用这个称呼)

男性则是uncle: 叔叔他们的孩子：cousin 堂兄妹(不分男女)

aunt的孩子：nephew 外甥；niece 外甥女

★repeat v. 重复

①vt. 重复

Will you repeat the last word?

They are repeating that wonderful party.

②vi. 重做，重说

Please repeat after me.

Don’t repeat.

【Text】

It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.'

'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said.

'What are you doing?' she asked.

'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.

'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'

参考译文：

那是个星期天, 而在星期天我是从来不早起的, 有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候. 上个星期天, 我起得很晚. 我望望窗外, 外面一片昏暗. “鬼天气!”我想, “又下雨了. ”正在这时, 电话铃响了. 是我姑母露西打来的. “我刚下火车, ”她说, “我这就来看你. ”

“但我还在吃早饭。”我说.

“你在干什么?”她问道.

“我正在吃早饭。”我又说了一遍.

“天啊, ”她说, “你总是起得这么晚吗?现在已经1 点钟了!”

【课文讲解】

1、It was Sunday.

it 指时间、天气、温度或距离，it被称为“虚主语”（empty subject）。作为第三人称单数的中性代词，it可以指一件东西、一件事件或用来指是什么人：

It is a lovely baby.

2、I never get up early on Sundays.

1）on Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天,与一般现在时连用，表示经常性的行为。

介词on一般用于表示某一天的时间短语中：on Monday，on Monday morning，on that day

当使用last，next，this，that 时，介词（以及定冠词）必须省略：I’ll see you next/this Friday. 2）never 从来不(可以直接用在动词前面)=助动词+not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)

I don't like her.=I never like her.

3、I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime.

在表达卧床时bed前不需加冠词：

It’s time for bed now.

You must stay/remain in bed for another two days. 你必须再卧床两天。

4、Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.

just then: 就在那时

如果不知道对方性别, 他/她可以用it 取代Who are you?/Who is it ?

5、I've just arrived by train,

1) by 直接加交通工具(不能有任何修饰词, 复数)；如果加修饰词, 就要换掉by用in或on

I go out by bus.

I go out in/on two buses. （指具体的两辆车介词用in/on）

Long ago people could go to America only by ship/sea.

2) 如果是特指的交通工具，则要加冠词或其他限定词：

My aunt left by the 9:15 train.

by air 乘飞机by bicycle/bike 骑自行车