高考冲刺高中英语语法——状语从句精讲

高考冲刺高中英语语法——状语从句精讲

1. ______ Apple gave no sales figures for its recently released Apple Watch, it did say the current quarter was off to “an exciting start”.

A. When

B. While

C. As

D. Because

2. China has sent 158 engineers to Tibet _______ they can restore telecommunication facilities destroyed by Saturday’s earthquake.

A. so as to

B. such as to

C. so that

D. such that

3. China confirms PLA to take part in Russia's Victory Day parade, ______ unexpected terrible things happen.

A. when

B. because

C. before D, unless

【答案揭晓】BCD

一、状语从句的定义

关键词：状语，修饰，位置，引导词

状语从句(adverbial clause)在句中作状语，可修饰主句中的动词、形容词、副词和句子等。状语从句由从属连词引导。状语从句可放在句首或句末。放在句首时，从句后面常用逗号；放在句末时，从句前面往往不用逗号。

1.When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others were waiting on the airfield.

2.Tom, unless he is supported by a kinder, can't afford to go to Xiamen University.

3.The young lady rushed into the room immediately she heard the noise.

状语从句根据它们的含义分为时间.地点.原因.目的.结果.方式.让步.条件.比较等九种。

时间when, whenever, as, since, till, until, before, after, as soon as, once, the moment, immediately, the day, no sooner …than, hardly/carcely…when, the minute, the second, every/each time

地点Where, wherever, everywhere

条件if, unless, providing/provided that, as/so long as, on condition that, suppose/supposing that, in case, only if

原因because, since, as, now that, seeing that, considering that, in that, in view of the fact that(鉴于)

让步though, although, even if/though/, as, while, whatever, wherever, whoever, however, no matter +wh词，for all that, granting/granted, whether …or, in spite of the fact that, despite the fact that

比较as…as, not the same as, not so…as, than

方式as, as if/though/ the way

目的that, so that, in order that, in case, for fear that, lest

结果so that, so…that, such …that

二、状语从句的分类

（一）时间状语从句

1. when, while & as

Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as / when / while father was away in France.

When/While/As I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.

【解析】as / when / while引导的从句中的谓语动词was away，was walking 是持续性的状态和持续性动作，三者可互换，特别注意的是while 引导的从句中的动词必须是持续性的！

I was halfway back to the hospital when Susan caught up with me.

One Friday, we were packing to leave, when my daughter heard cries for help.

He was about to leave when the telephone rang

We were on the point of watching TV when suddenly the lights went out.

Tom was going to have dinner when the door was opened.

【解析】由以上从句中的黑体动词，如caught up with, heard, rang, went out, was opened可以看出，when 引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以为短暂性动词，这里不能跟while互换；此外be about to, be on the point of doing, 和be going to 经常跟when（=at that time) 连用成固定搭配。

The atmosphere gets thinner and thinner as the height increases．

.Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.

The little girls sang as they went．

【解析】as常表示“随着……”；“一边……，一边……”之意。

注：I' ll phone you again when I get home.

主谓宾状时间状语从句

I don't know when I'll see her again.

主谓宾语从句

I’ll never forget the years when（=in which) I lived with the Tibetans.

主状谓宾定语从句（修饰the years)

【解析】由这三句句式结构的分析，分别可以得出这三个复合句的类型。

2. 一.......就

(1) as soon as, once

一Do you mean we are almost running out of food?

一Yeah. As soon as the canned and frozen foods are used up.

Once the new software is installed, customers will be able to place orders over the Internet.

(2) immediately, directly

I recognized her immediately I saw her.

I came directly I got your message.

【解析】immediately, directly在这些例句中是做连词用，相当于as soon as，而不是起副词的功能。