一.冠词

一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物（用在姓名前或Mr./Mrs./Ms+姓氏前，表不确定的某个姓氏的人）。 如：她从图书馆借了一本书。 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣 。 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。

. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by（ ）window. On（ ）chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. （ ）baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： 地球围着太阳转。 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： 她总是第一个到学校。

李磊是他们班最高的一个。 . 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： 布朗一家今天要接待客人。

11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： 司机总是坐在汽车的前部。

三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students. I like reading stories. 4、节日、日期、月份、季节前。如： Teachers’ Day, Children’s Day, National Day, in summer, in July等。 Today is New Year’s Day. It is Sunday. March 8 is Women’s Day. 5、在称呼语或表示头衔的名词前，尤其作表语、宾补时。如： What’s the matter, Granny? We elected him monitor. 6、在某些习惯用语中的名词前。如： at noon, at night, at first, at last, at most, at least, by bus(train, air, sea), in bed, in time, in front of, go to school, go to bed, go to college, on foot, at table, in ink, in pencil等。 7、在三餐饭和球类运动前。如： She goes to school after breakfast every morning. We are going to play football. We usually have lunch at school. 8、科目前不加。如： We learn Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects. 巧计冠词用法口诀 世界独一二次现，序词形容高级前。富人伤员按天算，方位乐器影剧院。 群岛河山江湖海，普专复合姓氏前。双知年代击中脸，特指事物及习惯。

不用冠词有几点，呼语头衔职务前。星期月季节假日，专名球类及三餐。 听音下棋各学科，正午留言是习惯。名前代词这那限，泛指事物不用冠。 特别注意： 1、 一个人具有双重身份或身兼数职时，可以用一个冠词。 2、 两件东西配成一套使用时。 3、两个关系密切的名词并列使用时，或含有对比关系，一般不用冠词。 Hand and foot day and night face to face friend and foe father and son 冠词的位置 1、 all/both/half+冠词 如all the students… 2、 as/so/too/how+adj+a/an+名词 she is too good a girl for him. 3、 What/such/many/half+a/an+(adi)+名词 such an old house 4、 Rather/quite+a/an+名词 也可以换成 a rather/quite+adj+名词

一冠之差 意思不同 1.In a way in the way 2.by sea by the sea 3.take a chair take the chair主持会议4.a most 很 the most 5.for a moment for the moment 6.with child with a child 7.at a time at the time 8.be of age成年be of an age 同岁 9.by day 白天by the day 10.in prison in the prison 11.at table at the table 12.in class in the class 13.in hospital in the hospital 14.on earth on the earth 15.in charge of in the charge of 16.out of question out of the question 17.in a word 总之 in word 在口头上 in words 用语言 18.word 消息 have a word 说句话 have words 吵架 19.the second time a second time

【专项训练】： 1、 We can’t live without air. A．an B．× C．the D．some 2、——Have you seen pen? I left it here this morning. ——Is it black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A．a; the B．the; the C．the; a D．a; a 3、I’ve been waiting for him for hour and half. A．×; × B．the; a C．a; the D．an; a 4、What fine weather we have today! A．a B．× C．some D．an 5、Have you ever seen as tall as this one? A．a tree B．such tree C．an tree D．tree 6、Children usually go to school at age of six. A．×; the B．a; an C．the; × D．the; the 7、 Himalayas is highest mountain in world. A．×; the;× B．The; the; the C．A; a; a D．×;×;× 8、They each have __book. Li Hua’s is about writer. Wang Lin’s is on science. A．a; a; × B．the; ×; the C．×; the; × D．a; the; a