汽车变速器的设计

本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩

摘要

汽车变速器是汽车传动系统的主要组成部分，主要作用是将发动机的矩经过改变后传递给主减速器。改变传动比扩大驱动轮转矩和转速范围，来适应不同的行驶条件。设置空档用来中断动力传递，设置倒档，使汽车能够倒退行驶。

文中阐述轻型商用车HD1050的变速器设计，是依据现有生产企业在生产车型的变速器作为设计原型，在给定发动机输出转矩、转速及最高车速、最大爬坡度等条件下，自己独立设计出符合要求的中间轴式五档变速器。其中本设计的主要内容是根据已知参数进行各档位传动比的选择确定、齿轮参数的选择、二轴及中间轴的选择计算、轴承的选择等。

文中对变速器的主要参数进行了验证，包括齿轮强度的校核、变速器轴度和刚度的校核、轴承寿命的验算等。计算结果表明整体性能满足要求。

关键词变速器；中间轴；设计；传动比；齿轮

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本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩

Abstract

Auto transmission is the main component of the transmission agent, it’s main effect is to transfer the torque from engine to the primary retarder, and in which process the torque is changed, is to expand the scope and speed to adapt different driving conditions by changing gear ratio. We set up the neutral position to interrupt the power transmission, set up the reverse position, so the vehicle can drive back.

This paper elaborates on the transmission design of Light Truck CA1050, Which use the existing production as a design prototype. It have finished an independent design to meet the requirements of the three-axle five positioned transmission, in the condition of given engine output torque and rotate speed.,vehicle maximum speed and highest gradient. In the design, the major content is the choice and determine of every position ratio, the choice of gear parameters, the choice and the calculate of the intermediate axle and the output axle, the choice of bearings, basing on the known parameters.

The main parameters of transmission have been checked, including the strength of geares, the transmission shafts’ strength and stiffness , bearing life. The results show that the whole performance meet the requirement

Key words Transmission;Intermediate Axle; Design ;Gear ratio; Gear

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本科毕业设计（论文）通过答辩

目录

摘要 ..................................................................................................................... I Abstract ................................................................................................................. II 第1章绪论 (1)

1.1 概述 (1)

1.2 国内外研究状况和发展方向 (1)

第2章传动方案及零部件结构分析 (3)

2.1 变速器的基本设计要求 (3)

2.2 变速器传动机构布置方案 (3)

2.2.1 倒档布置方案 (3)

2.2.2 零部件结构方案分析 (4)

2.3 本章小结 (7)

第3章变速器主要参数的选择与计算 (8)

3.1 挡数的选择 (8)

3.2 传动比的确定 (8)

3.3 中心距A的确定 (10)

3.4 外形尺寸的初选 (10)

3.5 齿轮参数选择 (11)

3.5.1模数 (11)

3.5.2压力角α (12)

3.5.3 螺旋角β (12)

3.5.4尺宽b (13)

3.6 各挡齿轮齿数分配 (14)

3.7 变速器齿轮的变位 (18)

3.8 本章小结 (20)

第4章齿轮与轴的设计计算 (21)

4.1 齿轮设计与计算 (21)

4.1.1齿轮材料的选择原则 (21)

4.1.2各轴的转矩计算 (21)

4.1.3齿轮强度计算 (22)

4.2 轴的设计与计算 (28)

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