汉译英第九章句子翻译
Unit 9重点短语和句子
英语
备考
照顾，照看
去看医生
做某事的最好方式
患流感
去旅行
在周六下午
期待，盼望
太多的家庭作业
接到（某人的）信，电话等
骑自行车兜风
。。。的回复
直到…才…
别的时间
闲逛
拒绝
前天
后天
汉语
英语
你可以来参加我的晚会吗？
当然，我愿意。
恐怕我不能，我必须为数学考试而学习。
对不起，我没有时间。
Sam直到下周三才走。
请在Steen不知情的情况下带她到晚会上来以便于给她一个惊喜。
我期待着收到你们所有的回信。
请在12月20日，周五之前以书面形式回复。
我想要邀请你参加9中新图书馆的落成典礼。
第九章 会话汉语的翻译
第九章会话汉语的翻译会话汉语（conversational Chinese）是一种非正式语体。
譬如，对话、非正式讲话等，都属于这种语体。
与正式的书面语体相比，它的特点是，经常出现省略句，频繁使用放眼、俚语、行话，句子结构比较松散，句法不十分规范，可用简洁、通俗、自然、易懂四个词概括。
但是，专业性强的谈话则需另当别论。
本章要讨论的是一般性会话汉语的英译问题。
第一节第一节省略与补充省略句是会话的一大特点。
短少一个或一个以上成分的句子，称为省略句。
汉语和英语均有省略句，这在一定语言环境下是允许的，如在对话中会话双方都明确的人或事，这也是遵循了会活的合作原则。
汉英省略句中被省略的成分有时相同，有时不同，有时只有局部相同。
相同时，译成英语时可省略同样部分；不同时，就必须根据英语的习调补出所省去的成分；局部相同时，则要按照英语的表达习惯，或补出，或省掉一些词。
现举例说明汉语省略句英译的一些方法。
1. 1.省略相同的句子成分1)1)省去主语在对话中，汉语句子的主语往往被省略，汉译英时，某些英语句子的主语同样也可以按英语的习惯予以省略。
例如：(1)——经常得在那种紧张中工作？——没办法。
——一定很伤脑筋？——已经过了最初的紧张阶段。
---- Have to work under constant tension like that?---- Yes. Have to.---- Must be nerve-racking?---- Got over the initial nervous stage.(2)—— (你)赶快把那灯关掉!——为什么？——(它)太刺眼了！---- (You) Switch off the light right away!---- Why?---- (It) Hurts my eyes.2)省去某些动词的宾语在少数情况下，省去宾语的汉语句子，译成英语以后也可以省去宾语。
例如：（1）——你什么时候才能写完这篇新闻报道？——嗯，很难说（何时完成）。
精品课件-英语专业英译汉---第九章分句、合句法
1.He arrived in Washington at a ripe moment internationally. 他来到华盛顿，就国际形式来说，时机正合适。
2. Doctors and men both talked about a miracle drug constantly almost with awe. 医生和伤病员常常谈起一种神奇的药物，而且谈 时几乎都带着一种敬畏的口气。
1）Illogically, she had expected some kind of miracle solution.
她满以为会有某种奇迹般的解决办法，这显然不 合情理。
2)They, not unexpectedly, did not respond.
他们没有回答，这完全是意料之中的事。
3)Theoretically, this is a marvelous piece of scientific writing.
• 11) At last he became nothing, a delightful, useless young man with a perfect face and no profession.
• 12) She treated that lady with every demonstration of cool respect, ...
英语专业英译汉 第九章分句、合句法
英语和汉语在句子结构上存在差异，这种
差异包括词、短语、句子等的时间和空间 顺序，也包括表达内容和形式方面的不同。 在翻译时，需要对原来的句子结构进行调 整。
通过分句法和合句法的学习，抛弃原来逐
字逐句翻译的习惯，初步掌握这两种翻译 技巧，并能够运用到翻译实践中去。
(完整版)八年级上册Unit9重点句子翻译
to go _ ____ the USA. 23. 我们很伤心她将要离开。
We are very __ that ___________ .24. 为了显示我们将会多么思念她，让我们举行一个令她惊奇的聚会吧。
______________ we ' re going to ____ her,let ' s ______ a __________ ____ her.25. 准备一些我们为游戏需要的东西。
Prepare ___ ___ _____ _____ the games. 26. 不告诉她把她带到聚会上来以便她会惊奇。
Bring her ___ the party _____ _____ her ___________ she can __________ . 27. 我渴望收到你的来信。
I __________________________ you.28. 我们正计戈U —个乔迁聚会。
We __________ a ____________ ______ .29. ___________________________________ 我希望你能做得到。
I hope you can. 30.举办聚会最好的时间是什么时候啊？ __________ W hen is the ______________ have the _ .31. 我想邀请你去我们新图书馆的开业。
I would __________ you _the _________ our new library.32. 每位家长带一本书作为礼物为新图书馆。
Each pare nt ______ a book __ ____ for the new library. 33. 请书面回复这个邀请到周五为止。
Please this in vitatio n.34. 这份是为了什么的邀请啊？ ______ is this in vitation ____ ?Unit9重点句子翻译（12月27日作业，都是书本上的句子，请认真仔细）1. 星期六下午你能来参加我的聚会吗？ Can you my party Saturday afternoo n?2. 他必须准备一个考试。
第九章长句翻译(学生用)
第九章汉语长句的翻译汉语是以分析形式为主的语言，句子结构比较松散。
有时一个句子里存在不少并列成分，但并没有连接词把其中的逻辑关系明显地表现出来。
英语是以综合形式为主的语言，句子结构比较严谨，各个句子成分之间的逻辑关系需要明确彰显。
两种语言在语法结构上的差异加大了长句翻译的难度。
（1）顺译法。
这种方法多用于单一主语的长句，但要分清句中的信息重心。
汉语的信息重心在许多情况下不体现在形式上，而体现在内在逻辑关系上。
而英语句子很注重信息的主次之分，主要信息放在突出位置，次要信息作为辅助性的描写或叙述手段。
所以汉译英时，应该把汉语隐性主次关系发掘出来，译成英语的主次表达方式。
通常，汉语中表示“结果、行为动作、推论结论、本质、目的”的部分会译成英语的主句或谓语部分；汉语中表示“时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、方法、手段、状态、说明、解释、非本质、修饰、否定”的部分，在英语中则以从句或非谓语动词的形式体现。
例1：原文：当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。
（2005年真题）译文：As long as they are living, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.例2：原文：…一旦隔离，拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里，顿感被打入冷宫，十分郁郁不得志起来。
（2003年真题）译文：Once I was deposed into a cold palace on the hillside of the garden, I suddenly felt I was neglected and became very depressed.例3：原文：我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗帘，窥见园中大千世界，一片喧闹。
翻译基础教程 第9章 练习答案
第九章汉英句子比较与翻译第一节意合与形合将下列句子译成英语，注意汉语意合是如何转化成英语形合的。
1. Let everybody share the food if there is any.2. Because the meeting will begin, you should hand in the material to me soon.3. Smart as a rule, but this time a fool.4. Y ou can come today or tomorrow.5. We are proud of the progress we have made.6. He spoke so well that everybody was convinced of his innocence.7. The present onslaught of vehicles poses a serious threat to urban life and pedestrian peace of mind.8. He had a disgusting habit of expressing contradictory ideas in rapid succession.9. Power can be transmitted over a great distance with practically negligible loss if it is carried by an electric current.10. Xiao Li was in blue the other day but is happy enough today.11. If the child catches a chill, what are we going to say to its mother?12. He spoke so rapidly that we could not clearly understand him.13. In a word, the prospect is bright but the road has twists and turns.14. He soon learnt how to drive because he practiced every day.15. When I try to understand what it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. It seems to me that there are two causes, of which one goes much deeper than the other.16. Dawn breaks over the islands, very beautiful in a soft light with many clouds. There is a transparency about the light here which cannot be described or painted.17. The effectiveness of the electronic computer lies in its great speed and accuracy in calculation.18. He jumped up and hastened to the mirror in the bathroom, taking away the towel to examine the cut upon his cheek.19. In Africa I met a boy, who was crying as if his heart would break and said, when I spoke to him, that he was hungry because he had no food for two days.（陈安定译）20. For the last three years, since I stopped working as a television producer, I have done much of my work as a telecommuter．21. My boyfriend lives in England while I am in china so much of our relationship is also computer-assisted.22. He only gave a quick glimpse at the actress; there was no time for more as he urgently needed to find his workplace. He hurried to the two-storey building, only to find that everybody had left. It was just like the scene in the movie where the actor had lost touch with the organization and didn't know where to find it.23. A full moon was rising high in the sky; the laughter of children playing outside had died away; in the room, my wife was patting the son, Run-er, sleepily humming a cradlesong. Shrugging on an overcoat, quietly, I made my way out, closing the door behind me. (朱纯深译）24. Do you come out of the university as a real scientist or historian, able to continue with the search for knowledge under your own stream, able to continue to grow and change intellectually as your experiences multiply and diversify?25. Absorbed in his walking, Old Shuan was startled when he saw the crossed street lying distinctly ahead of him. He walked a few steps to stand under the eaves of a shop in front of its closed door. (杨宪益、戴乃迭译)笫二节汉英句子成分分析一、将下列句子译成英语，注意主语的处理。
商务翻译(汉译英)Unit 9 价格的作用
The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena.
At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities.
如果不适当地处理，锅炉及机动车辆排出的 废气 就会造成城市空气污染。
Exhaust from boilers and vehicles, unless properly treated, causes air pollution in cities.
假日里，青年人双双对对漫步在公园里。 The young people in pairs and couples rambled about the park on holidays. 然而悲惨的皱纹，却也从他的眉头和嘴角出 现了。 Miserable wrinkles began to appear between his eyebrows and round his mouth.
英语为语法型语言，重点研究主谓序列及其相关 词类，句子结构受形式逻辑制约，注重形能由 名词或名词性的词语担任；谓语绝对受主语的支配， 在人称和数上面必须和主语保持一致，有时态、语态 和语气的变化；句与句之间多以明示逻辑关系的连接 词相联。所以英语依法构句，形式完整而严密。
① 鲁迅的骨头是最硬的，② 他没有丝毫的奴颜和 媚骨，③ 这是殖民地半殖民地人民最可宝贵的性格。
Lu Hsun was a man of unyielding integrity, free from all sycophancy or obsequiousness; this quality is invaluable among colonial and semi-colonial peoples.
新目标汉译英 unit9 sectionB
1
1.我不喜欢吃巧克力。它尝起来太甜。(taste) 2.妈妈加了盐，但它仍然不够咸。(add) 3.比起橘子，我更喜欢柠檬。我喜欢酸的味 道。(prefer) 4.他喜欢脆的小甜饼。它们硬、干而且易碎。 (be) (短语) 算盘 \ 雨伞 \ 双筒望远镜\ 照相机 \ 自行车 算盘是中国人在6世纪发明的。（invent）
谁发明了茶？ 你知道茶这种在世界上最受欢迎的饮料 （在水之后）是偶然被发明的吗？（invent） 尽管茶直到1610年才被带到西方国家， (not...until)但是这种饮料在那之前3000多年 就已经被发现了。(discover)
根据一个中国古代的传说，皇帝神农在 室外火炉上煮水的时候发现了茶(boil)。附 近一棵灌木的叶子落到水中并停留了一段 时间(fall into)。皇帝注意到水中的叶子发出 一种怡人的气味(notice)。后来他决定尝尝 这种热的混合物(decide)。它相当可口。就 这样，世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一诞生了。 (invent)
2a
1.薯条是无意中被发明的。(mistake ) 2.它们是在1863年被发明的(invent) 3.顾客认为这些土豆不够薄。(think) 4.顾客说他们不够咸。(say) 5.乔治想使顾客高兴。(want) 6.最后顾客高兴了。(be)
2b
你知道薯条是无意中被发明的吗？(invent) 薯条是有一个叫乔治· 克拉姆的厨师发明的。 (invent) 它们是在1853年被发明的。(invent) 乔治· 克拉姆烹调了很长一段时间，直到它们 很脆。(cook) 然后他在它们上面撒了很多盐，所以它们很 咸。(sprinkle)
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汉译第九章 句子的翻译
英语句型5个： 1.SV:We live on the earth. 2.SVO:We study English. 3.SVO1,O2:He gave me a book. 4.SVOC:We find English not so difficult. 5.SVC:We are Chinese.
1.确定主语、谓语动词、
宾语和补语。 2.确定使用的英语句型。 课内翻译练习 1. 油漆未干。 2.做完了作业吗？ 3.有趣的事情我干了很多。 4.这项实验他做了三年 5我国各族人民每年都要热烈庆祝十一国庆节。
National Day is enthusiastically celebrated on Oct.1 by the Chinese people of all nationalities every year. 6.不久的将来会生产出小得可以放在口袋里的计算机 In the future, computers would be developed which would be small enough to carry in the pocket 7.我访问了一些地方，遇到了不少人，要谈起来，奇妙的事可多着呢。 There are many wonderful stories to tell about the places I visited and the people I met. 8.孙先生手创之中国国民党，历经艰险，无数先烈前仆后继，终于推翻帝国，建立民国。 After going through untold hardships during which countless revolutionaries unflinchingly laid down their lives, the Kuomingtang founded by Dr. Sun Yat--sen finally overthrow the monarchy and established the republic 作业： 9.河畔长着青草绿树 10.本产品的特点是设计独特，质量高，容量大。 11.她对他们越来越憎恨。 12.应当坚决不移地执行“计划生育”的基本国策 13.扩大对外开放程度，提高对外开放水平 14.下雨了 15.几点了？十点了。 16.青出于蓝而胜于蓝。 The students often surpass their teacher. 17.谋事在人，成事在天。 Man proposes, heaven disposes. 18.有人看见老教授深夜还在做实验。 The old professor was seen making an experiment late at night 19.大家认为，他对做这项工作很满意 He was considered quite satisfied with the job. 20.真把我饿死了！ I’m nearly starved to death. 21.是小王打开的窗户。 It was Xiao Wang who opened the window. 22.这个班有五十个学生。 There are fifty students in this class. 23.一看到那颗树，我就会想起童年的情景。 The sight of the big tree always reminds me of my childhood. 24,他们派来的工程师迅速达到，并检查了所有的设备，工厂很快恢复了生产 The quick arrival if the engineers sent by them and their careful examination of all facilities brought about the very speedy restoration of the factory’s production. 25.她把照片接过来放在茶几上。 She took the photo and laid it on the coffee table. 26.我们必须对党员特别是领导干部严格要求，严格管理，严格监督 We must strictly require, manage and supervise Party members, especially leading cadres. 27.她写完作业开始弹刚琴 Having finished her homework, she began to play piano. 28.她打开橱柜拿出一个茶壶 Opening the cupboard she took out a teapot. 29.一定要吸取这次失败的教训，避免重犯此错误。 Be sure to learn from the failure to avoid similar mistakes. 30.因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。这种隔绝状态，由于通讯工具不足，就变得更加严重了。 The isolation of the rural world because of distance and the lack of transport facilities is compounded by the paucity of the information media. 31.她，一个瘦弱多病的女孩子，以她的坚强毅力些出了一部部催人奋进的小说。 Sickly and weak the girl is, she wrote one inspiring novel after another with her strong will. 32.一定要言行一致，理论与实践相结合，反对华而不实和任何虚夸，少说空话，多做工作，扎扎实实，埋头苦干 Deed and word must match and theory and practice must be closely integrated. We must reject flashiness without substance and every sort of boasting. There must be less empty talk and more hard work. We must be steadfast and dedicated. 33.破产企业要真关闭，不准假破产，真逃债 Bankrupt enterprises shall be closed and no enterprises shall be allowed to evade payment of debts through declaring declaring bankruptcy. 34.油漆未干。 The paint is wet. 35.把门关上。 Don’t leave the door open. 36.他想把这件事全部交给他的妻子去办 It occurred to him to leave the whole thing to his wife 37.从这儿到最近的邮局有两英里路 It’s two miles to the nearest post office from here. 38.可能发生事故 There must have been an accident. 39.在南京城发生过许多重大的历史事件 Nanjing witnessed many great historic events 40.中国在1980年成功地发射了第一颗州际导弹 The year 1980saw (witnessed)the successful launching of China’s first intercontinental guided missile. 41.世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃 The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic a-rena. 42.我们校园很美，Our campus is very beautiful . 43.老太太今年八十了 The old lady is eighty this year. 44.孩子们不在家 The children are not at home. 45.那位女教师态度和蔼。 The woman teacher is affable in manner 46.十多年前，机关给我安了部电话，其时女儿尚在年幼，有时悄悄地溜进我的书房，拨拨117，听那下面一响是某点某秒的声儿。 Ten-odd years ago, the institution where I worked had a telephone installed in my home. Shill in their childhood, my kids would sometimes steal into my study and dial 117 to the voice reporting the exact time. 47.她喊了一声，倒下去，很快就在雪中冻结了 She gave her last cry and fell, Shakespeare. 48.她竟然在那么短的时间内做了那么多的事，他们感到很惊讶 They were amazed that she should have done so much in so short a time. 49.给了他两天的时间来做必要的准备 Two days were allowed him for making the necessary preparations. 50.据了解，该地区有丰富的自然资源 It is known that there are plenty of natural