Exrecises to New Zealand, Canada, Australia and Irish Republic

1 An Introduction to New Zealand Fill in the blanks 1. New Zealand has two main islands, North Island and South Island. 2. The capital of New Zealand is Wellington, which is situated in North Island. 3. New Zealand is just west of the International Date Line, so it is the first country to get the new day. 4. New Zealand is characterized by mountains, vocanic area and geothermal area. 5.Many of New Zealand’s plants and animals are unique. 6. The first European to visit New Zealand was a Dutchman Abel Tasman, who reaches South Island in 1642. 7. The first English man to visit New Zealand was Captain James Cook in 1769. 8. In 1840, the first official governor Wihiam Hobson signed a treaty with Maori chiefs. It is the Treaty of Waitangi. 9. February 6 is celebrated as New Zealand National Day, or Waitangi Day. 10. Maoritanga is Maori culture. 11. Bilingual schools were set up in the 1970s to encourage Maori culture revival. 12. New Zealand is a sovereign independent state, with a parliamentary government and a constitutional monarchy. 13. Queen Elizabeth II is the head of New Zealand, but she is represented by Governor-General in New Zealand. 14. General elections are held about every 3 years with two main parties National Party and Labor Party competing with each other. 15. The judiciary system includes High Court, district courts, the Family Court and the Children and Young Persons Court. 16. Christianity is the most widespread religion and English and Maori are two official languages. 17. Tertiary education is university education. 18. New Zealand is one of the largest exporters of meat, diary products and wool. 19. Marae is the focus of Maori Community Life.

Introduction to Canada Fill in the blanks •1. Canada is the world’s second largest country. It has a land area of about 10

million km2. •2. Canada’s largest city is Toronto.

•3. The two principal river systems are the Mackenzie and the St. Lawrence.

•4. The highest peak in Canada is Mount Logan.

•5. Canada is made up of 10 provinces and 2 territories: Northwest territories 2

and Yukon. •6. The capital of Canada is Ottawa.

•7. The original people of Canada are Indians and Eskimo (Inuit).

•8. The history of white man in Canada actually began in 1497, when John

Cabot , an Italian in the service of Henry VII of England, reached Newfound. •9. Samuel de Champlain, known as the father of Canada, established his

“hibitation” in what is now in Quebec city in 1608. •10. Most of Canada’s French Canadians live in the province of Quebec.

•11. The Quebec Act of 1774 granted the people of Quebec rights as French

Canadians. •12. The first British settlers in Canada were American refugees in the war of

American Independence who called themselves Loyalists. •13. Upper Canada (British) and Lower Canada (French) were created by an Act

of 1791. •14. Responsible self-government was suggested in Durham report in 1839.

•15. The Canadian Pacific Railway was completed in 1885.

•16. Canada’s National Day is July 1st.

•17. In 1867, Canada became a federal union and made a dominion by British

North American Act. •18. After the Statue of Westminster in 1931, Canada became a member of the

Commonwealth Nations. •19. The First Prime Minister of Canada was John Macdonald.

•20. Almost half of the land area of Canada is covered by forest. Canada ranks

third in the production of lumber and forest products in the world. •21. Canada has one of the longest coastline of any country in the world.

•22. Canada’s fisheries are important sources of food for domestic use and for

exports. •23. The largest source of foreign investment in Canada comes from the United

States. •24. For decades, Canada has been shifting from a natural resource based

economy to a service economy. •25. Canada’s central bank is the Bank of Canada.

•26. The Queen of Britain is represented in Canada by Governor-General, who

is appointed on the recommendation of Prime Minister. •27. The Canadian Parliament has two houses: the Senate and the House of

Commons. •28. A Lieutenant-Governor represents the Queen in each province of Canada.

•29. The largest province of Canada is Quebec.

•30. The two main federal parties in Canada are the Liberal Party and the

Progressive Party. •31. The party which has the second highest number of members elected to the

House of Commons forms the Official Opposition. •32. A new language law, known as the “Charter of the French Language in