therebe句型和havehas用法及练习进步

there be 句型和have has用法及练习

There be句型的基本用法：

一、There be句型的基本用法是表示“某地(或某时)存在有某人(或某物)，而并非某地(某人、某物或某时)拥有什么东西”，其形式为“There be＋代词或名词(短语)＋地点/时间状语”。(其实质句式为倒装句)这里there是引导词，没有词义，be是谓语动词，代词或名词(短语)是主语。be要与主语保持人称和数的一致即主谓一致采用就近原则。否定句是在be后加not；一般疑问句是将be放在句首；反意疑问句中的简短问句是由“be(或其否定式)＋there”构成。

例如：

1.There is a desk and two chairs in the room.

2.There aren't two chairs and a desk in the room.

3.Is there anything wrong with your ears？(Yes，there is/No，there isn't.)

4.There wasn't a meeting yesterday，was there？

练习如：

1、(1)There is _____ on the floor.

(2)There are _____ on the floor.选项：A.cat B.water C.boxes

D.football

2、(1)There ___ an apple and three oranges on the table.

(2)___ there three oranges and an apple on the table?选项：A.is

B.are

二、主语后的动词形式：在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。

如：

1、There is a purse lying on the ground. 地上有一个钱包

2、There are five minutes left now. 现在还有5分钟。

三、There be与have所表示的意义：There be句型表示“存在”关系，have表示“所属”关系，两者不能混合在一个句子中。

例如：

(1)There will have a class meeting tomorrow.(×）

(2)There is going to/will be a class meeting tomorrow.(√)

有时候既表示“存在”又表示“所属”时，两种都可以用。

例如：

（1）、Class Three have a map of China on the wall.

（2）、There is a map of China on the wall in Class Three

.四、 There be句型常用的时态形式：there will be;there

is/are;there was/were;there has/have been;there had been

五、 there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如：There is

a lot of work to do.

注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。

如：

1、There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。

2、There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。

六、 There be句型与不定式结构连用，如：be about to (就要), be certain to (一定会), be going to (将要),be likely to (可能), be to (要), have to (必须), used to (过去常), appear/seem(似乎），happen to （恰好)等。

例如：

1. There used to be a grocery store on the corner.

2. There is certain to be something wrong with the engine.

3. There appears to have been a dangerous accident.

七、There be句型中的替换词有：come (来), develop (产生), exist (存在), fall (落下), follow (跟随), happen (发生), lie (躺着), live (住着), occur (发生), remain (还有), rise (升起),stand (站着)等不及物动词表事实存在。这些动词可以有时态变化。

例如：

1. There fell a deep silence.突然一片寂静。

2. There remains one more test to be carried out before putting the instrument into operation.在使用这一设备之前要完成一项试验。

3. Not long after this, there occurred a sudden revolution in public taste.此后不久，公众的情趣发生了突然的变化。

4. There stands at the center of the square the Monument to the People’s Heroes.在广场的中央矗立着人民英雄纪念碑。

八、There be句型有不定式(there to be)、现在分词和动名词形式(there being)，在句中用作主语、宾语、定语或状语等。

例如：

1. There being a bus stop so near the house is a great advantage.

2. I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding.

3. No one would have dreamt of there being such a fine place.

4. There being no bus, we had to walk home.

5、 For there to be a mistake in a computer's arithmetic is impossible. 计算机计算错误是不可能的。

6、 It was seldom for there to be no late comers. 新来者很少没有迟到的。

九、 there be构成的固定句型：

1、There is（no）difficulty /trouble in doing sth./There are problems in doing sth.干某事(没)有困难。

2、There is not a moment to lose. 一刻也不能耽误。

3、There is no point in ＋v-ing：干某事没道理，没意义,没必要

4、There is no sense in ＋v-ing：毫无道理

5、 There is no need to ＋v：没有必要

6、There is no ＋v-ing（常用动词为saying/telling/knowing/denying 等）：不可能，无法。（意思相当于It is impossible to+v）