2011年英语四级阅读

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2011年06月英语四级真题答案 2011级模拟二

2011年06月英语四级真题答案快速阅读：(每题1分，共10分)1.B2.A3.B4.C5.C6.D7.B8. the local markets 9. in a British way 0. share their meals听力（共35 分）Section A&B (每题1分，共25分)11.A 12.A 13.A 14.A 15.D 16.C 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.D 21.A 22.D 23.B 24.B 25.B 26. C 27.C 28.D 29.D 30.A 31.C 32.A 33.A 34.A 35.CSection C：（单词每个0.5分，句子每个2分，共10分）36. survive 37. distant 38. backward 39. discovered 40. scientific 41.motion 42.precdicted 43.introduced44. that move at a speed greater than light (1’) and therefore, might serve as ourpassports to the past (1’).45. seems to have been a part of humanity(1’)for as long as humans have existed(1’).46. used a definition of time for experimental purposes(1’), as that which is measuredby a clock(1’).深入阅读：(共25’)Section A 选词填空（每空0.5’, 共5’）47. N) 48.L ) 49.H ) 50. B)51. A)52. J)53. F) 54. O) 55. E) 56. G) Section B (每题2’, 共20’)57. D 58. D 59. A 60. D 61. A 62. B 63. A 64. B 65. D 66. D完型填空：(每空0.5’, 共10’)67. D 68. C 69. A 70. B 71. B 72. A 73. C 74. A 75. C 76. B77. A 78. C 79. B 80. B 81. C 82. D 83. B 84. C 85. D 86.C翻译：(每题1’, 共5’)87. nor (neither) did they make any explanationnor (neither) did they explain the reasonnor (neither) did they give the reason for doing so88. couldn’t be assigned to another job89. at the risk of his own liferisking his own lifetaking the risk of losing his own life90. was his assistant who answered/ picked up the phoneturned out that his assistant answered/ picked up the phone91. his father persuaded/ talked him into majoring in lawsampleOnline ShoppingOnline shopping has become a fashion trend. Almost everyone has experienced online shopping—some even have got accustomed to it. However, while making our life easier, it may bring us problems as well.Goods ranging from fruit to steak, from a book to an intensive training program, from a film ticket to a package tour can all be purchased without leaving one’s home, which saves all the traffic jams, parking inconvenience and queuing time. Nevertheless, good or services of poor quality, fake products or even Internet frauds may consume rather than save our time, energy and money, turning our online shopping experience into a nightmare. What can we do in order to eat the fish and avoid the bones?Think before you order, and don’t allow room for products without signs to show their manufacturing time and place, products of unbelievably low price and products free of charge to spoil your life.Online ShoppingOnline shopping is gaining increasing popularity recently and it promises to be further imbedded into our daily life.Online shopping is beneficial to consumers and retailers alike in more than on way. For consumers, it is time- and energy- saving to purchase whatever they want over the Internet with much lower prices. For retailers, they can save much cost without having to rent a house in the downtown and spending much on employees compared with traditional market sale.However, despite many benefits from online shopping, there are still some defects that cannot be ignored. For one thing, lack of face-to-face communication makes online shopping less reliable and trustworthy. For another, some dishonest merchants may provide false information, which renders it time-consuming to identify the commodity.From my perspective, the benefits of online shopping do outweigh its defects, and to refuse to eat for fear of choking is always an unwise choice. What we should do is regulate the relevant to bind the online trading activities. Only when a harmonious Internet environment is established can we enjoy the pleasure and convenience of online shopping.。

2011年12月英语四级真题word清晰版-

2011年12月英语四级真题word 清晰版-2011年12月大学英语四级真题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essayentitled Nothing Succeeds Without a StrongWill by commenting on the humoroussaying, "Quitting smoking is the easiestthing in the world. I've done it hundreds oftimes." You should write at least 120 wordsbut no more than 180 words.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong WillWhy Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn torecognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers,not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an"F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not onlybecause he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Cheating Hurts Other, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of theeffect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MartenIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but forthe savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.1. A person of integrity not only sets high moral and ethical standards but also _______.A) sticks to them in their daily lifeB) makes them known to othersC) understands their true valuesD) sees that others also follow them2. What role does integrity play in personal and professional relationships?A) It helps to create team spiritB) It facilitates communicationC) It is the basis of mutual trustD) It inspires mutual respect3. why must we learn to identify the risks we are going to take？A. To ensure we make responsible choices.B. To avoid being overwhelmed by stress.C. So tha t we don’t break any rules.D. S o that we don’t run into trouble.4. Violation of a rule is misconduct even if_______?A. it has caused no harm.B. it is claimed to be unintentional.C. it has gone unnoticed.D. it is committed with good intentions.5. What should one do if he doesn’t wish to fool himself?A. Avoid making excuses.B. Listen to other people’s advice.C. Make his intensions public.D. Have others watch over his shoulder.6. Those who take risks they regret later on_______.A. will often become more cautiousB. are usually very aggressiveC. value immediate benefits most.D. may lose everything in the end7. According to the author, a cheater who doesn’t get caught right away will _______.A) pay more dearlyB) become more confidentC) be widely admiredD) feel somewhat lucky8. Cheaters at exam don’t care about their education, all they care about is how to__________.9. Integrity matters in that all social activities rely on ___________.10. Many Americans lost faith in the integrity of their political leaders as a result of __________.Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)11. A) Read the notice on the window.B) Go and ask the staff.C) Get a new bus schedule.D) Board the bus to Cleveland.12. A) He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes.B) He enjoyed watching the animal performance.C) He got home too late to see the TV special.D) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13. A) She wants to take the most direct way.B) She may be late for the football game.C) She is worried about missing her flight.D) She is currently caught in a traffic jam.14. A) At a restaurant. B) In a fish shop. C) At a clinic. D) On a fishing boat.15. A) He is an experienced sales manager.B) He is being interviewed for a job.C) He is a close friend of the woman.D) He is good at answering tricky questions.16. A) The man should consider his privacy first.B) The man will choose a low-rent apartment.C) The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place.D) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17. A) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.B) The man and the woman are working on a joint project.C) One should choose a broad topic for a research paper.D) It took a lot of time to get the man on the right track.18. A) They went camping this time last year.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.C) They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions.D) They weren’t experienced in organizing picnics.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He likes Sweden better than England.B) He prefers hot weather to cold weather.C) He is an Englishman living in Sweden.D) He visits London nearly every winter.20. A) The bad weather. B) The gloomy winter. C) The cold houses. D) The long night.21. A) Delightful. B) Painful. C) Depressing. D) Refreshing.22. A) They often stay up late reading.B) They work hard and play hard.C) They like to go camping in summer.D) They try to earn more and spend more.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) English Literature. B) Management. C) French. D) Public Administration.24. A) English teaching. B) Staff training.C) Careersguidance. D) Psychological counseling.25. A) Its generous scholarship. B) Its worldwide fame.C) Its well-designed courses. D) Its pleasant environment.Passage One26. A) Characteristics of Japanese artists.B) Some features of Japanese culture.C) The art of Japanese brush painting.D) The uniqueness of Japanese art.27. A) To calm themselves down.B) To enhance concentration.C) To show their impatience.D) To signal lack of interest.28. A) How listeners in different cultures show respect.B) How speakers can win approval from the audience.C) How speakers can misunderstand the audience.D) How different Western and Eastern art forms are.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Directing personnel evaluation.B) Buying and maintaining equipment.C) Drawing up plans for in-service training.D) Interviewing and recruiting employees.30. A) Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.B) The training program he ran was a failure.C) Two of his workers were injured at work.D) Two of his employees committed theft.31. A) A better relationship with his boss.B) Advancement to a higher position.C) A better-paying job in another company.D) Improvement in the company’s management.32. A) She has more self-confidence than Chris.B) She works with Chris in the same division.C) She has more management experience than Chris.D) She is competing with Chris for the new job.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) They help us see the important values of culture.B) They guide us in handling human relationship.C) They help us express ourselves more effectively.D) They are an infinite source of human knowledge.34. A) Their wording may become different.B) The values they reflect may change.C) Their origins can no longer be traced.D) They may be misinterpreted occasionally.35. A) Certain values are shared by a large number of cultures.B) Some proverbs are assuming more and more importance.C) Old proverbs are constantly replaced by new ones.D) Certain values have always been central to a culture.Our lives are woven together. As much as I enjoy my own (36) _____, I no longer imagine Ican get through a (37) _____ day much less all my life, (38) _____ on my own. Even if I am on (39) _____ in the mountains, I am eating food someone else has grown, living in a house someone else has built, wearing clothes someone else has (40) _____ from cloth woven by others, using (41) _____ someone else is distributing to my house. (42) _____ of interdependence is everywhere; we are on this (43) _____ together. As I was growing up, (44)_________________________________________ __________. “Make your own way”,” Stand on your own two feet” or my mother’s favorite remark when I was face-to-face with consequences of some action: Now that you’ve made your bed, lie on it. Total independence is a dominant thing in our culture. I imagine that (45) ___________________________________________________________. But the teaching was shaped by our cultural imagines. And instead, I grew up believing that I was supposed to be totally independent andconsequently became very reluctant to ask for help.(46)_________________________________________ ___________________________.Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)With the world's population estimated to grow from six to nine billion by 2050, researchers. businesses and governments are already dealing with the impact this increase will have on everything from food and water to infrastructure (基础设施) and jobs. Underling all this 47 will be the demand for energy, which is expected to double over the next 40 years. Finding the resources to meet this demand in a __48__ sustainable way is the cornerstone (基石) of our nation's energy security, and will be one of the major __49__ of the 21st century.Alternative forms of energy- bio-fuels, wind and solar, to name a few are __50__ being funded and developed, and will play a growing __51__ in the world's energy supply. But experts say that even when __52__, alternative energy sources will likely meet only about 30% of the world's energy needs by 2050.For example, even with __53__ investments, such as the $93 million for wind energy development __54__ in the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, important alternative energy sources such as wind and bio-fuels__55__ only about 1% of the market today. Energy and sustainability experts say the answer to our future energy needs will likely come from a lot of __56__ both traditional and alternative.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2011年6月份全国四级考试真题word绝情版

2011年6月份全国四级考试真题word绝情版Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words followingthe outline given below:1．现在网上购物已成为一种时尚2．网上购物有很多好处，但也有不少问题3．我的建议Online Shopping注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose thebest answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.British Cuisine: the Best of Old and NewBritish cuisine (烹饪) has come of age in recent years as chefs (厨师) combine the best of old and new.Why does British food have a reputation for being so bad? Because it is bad! Those are not the most encouraging words to hear just before eating lunch at one of Hong Kong's smartest British restaurants, Alfie's by KEE, but head chef Neil Tomes has more to say."The past 15 years or so have been a noticeable period of improvement for food in England," the English chef says, citing the trend in British cuisine for better ingredients, preparation and cooking methods, and more appealing presentation. Chefs such as Delia Smith, Nigel Slater, Jamie Oliver and Gordon Ramsay made the public realise that cooking - and eating - didn't have to be a boring thing. And now, most of the British public is familiar even with the extremes of Heston BlumenthaPs molecular gastronomy, a form of cooking that employs scientific methods to create the perfect dish."It's no longer the case that the common man in England is embarrassed to show he knows about food," Tomes says.There was plenty of room for improvement. The problems with the nation's cuisine can be traced back to the Second World War. Before the War, much of Britain's food was imported and when German U-boats began attacking ships bringing food to the country, Britain went on rations (配给)."As rationing came to an end in the 1950s, technology picked up and was used to mass-produce food," Tomes says. "And by then people were just happy to have a decent quantity of food in their kitchens."They weren't looking for cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking for whatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantity over quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up with food that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium or Spain.Before star chefs such as Oliver began making cooking fashionable, it was hard to find a restaurant in London that was open after 9pm. But in recent years the capital's culinary (烹饪的) scene has developed to the point that it is now confident of its ability to please the tastes of any international visitor.With the opening of Alfie's in April, and others such as The Pawn, two years ago, modern British food has made its way to Hong Kong. "With British food, I think that Hong Kong restaurants are keeping up," says David Tamlyn, the Welsh executive chef at The Pawn in Wan Chai. "Hong Kong diners are extremely responsive to new ideas or presentations, which is good news for new dishes."Chefs agree that diners in Hong Kong are embracing the modern British trend. Some restaurants are modifying the recipes (菜谱) of British dishes to breathe new life into the classics, while others are using better quality ingredients but remaining true to British traditions and tastes.Tamlyn is in the second camp. "We select our food very particularly. We use US beef, New Zealand lamb and for our custards (牛奶蛋糊)we use Bird's Custard Powder," Tamlyn says. "Some restaurants go for custard made fresh with eggs, sugar and cream, but British custard is different, and we stay true to that."Matthew Hill, senior manager at the two-year-old SoHo restaurant Yorkshire Pudding, also uses better ingredients as a means of improving dishes. "There are a lot of existing perceptions about British food and so we can't alter these too much. We're a traditional British restaurant so there are some staples (主菜) that will remain essentially unchanged."These traditional dishes include fish and chips, steak and kidney pie and large pieces of roasted meats. At Alfie's, the newest of the British restaurants in town and注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

大学英语四级真题部分阅读答案及解析

2010年6月大学英语四级真题Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage。

When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones –the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U。

S. hasresources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 yearsthe greenest home is，nearly half of U。

S. carbon emissions，offices and other buildings。

"You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe，。

—efficient。

Houses built before 1939 use about 50％more energy per square foot than those built after 2000,Fortunately，homes，’efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth；property owners from rising power costs。

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A）accommodationsB）clumsyC）doubtfulD）exceptionsE）expandF）historicG) incrediblyH）poweringI) protectJ) reducedK) replaceL) senseM）shiftedN) supplyingO）vast2011年6月大学英语四级真题Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage。

2011年12月四级真题答案

2011年12月四级真题答案2011年12月英语四级真题答案汇总听力：Section A11.答案：B) Go and ask the staff.12.答案：A) He fell asleep in the middle of the TV program.13.答案：B) She is worried about missing her flight.14.答案：A) In a restaurant15.A) He is being interviewed for a job.16.B) The man is unlikely to move out of the dormitory.17.D) The woman is going to make her topic more focused.18.B) They didn’t quite enjoy their last picnic.Passage One（听力短文第一大题）26. A. The art of Japanese brush painting27. A. To enhance concentration28. C. How listeners in different cultures show respectPassage Two（听力短文第二大题）29. A. Buying and maintaining equipment.30. A. Two of his employees committed theft.31. D. Advancement to a higher promotion32. D. She is competing with Chris for that new job.33. A）They help us see the important values of a culture.34.B) The values they reflect may change.阅读：Section A47 growth48 stable49 challenges50 certainly51 role52 combined53 significant54 included55 comprise56 solutions Section B Passage One57, C encourage boys to express their emotions freely58, A perform relatively better59, C It fails to give boys the attention they need60, A teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys61, C They have sharper visionPassage Two62. C . It makes all the hard work worthwhile.63. D. Disputes over money may ruin a relationship.64. A. conflicts between couples tend to rise65. D. men and women view money in different ways.66. C. discuss money matters to maintaina healthy relationship.完型填空67.reveals68.stuff69.while70.shortages71.surveyed72.private73.concerned74.recruit75.As76.for77.intensify78.technical79.priority80.subjects81.if82.rate83.particular84.highlighted85.workforce86.where翻译87. Charity groups organized various activities to raise money for the survivors of the earthquake. (为地震幸存者筹款)88. Linda couldn’t have received mye-mail (不可能收到我的电子邮件), otherwise, she could have replied.89. It’s my mother who/that keeps encouraging me not to lose heart (一直鼓励我不要灰心) when I have difficulties in my study.90. The publishing house has to consider the popularity of this novel. (考虑这本小说的受欢迎程度)。

2011年专业英语四级考试真题及答案

2011年专业英语四级考试真题及答案TIME LIMIT: 135 MINPART Ⅰ DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more. Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [20 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the best answer to each question on Answer Sheet Two.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.1. Which of the statements about the auto show is INCORRECT?A. The show will have more stands this year.B. The show will have more visitors this year.C. The number of overseas visitors will be the same this year.D. The number of exhibition days will be the same this year.2. According to the conversation, the price for a stand would include _____.A. a catalogueB. a posterC. two desksD. four chairs3. During the conversation, the man seems to be more interested in _____.A. the size of the showB. the cost of the standC. the basic furnitureD. the visitor numberQuestions 4 to 7 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.4. What is Jim interested in?A. Investing in the company's product.B. Buying a new educational computer.C. Joining the computer company.D. Reading the campaign plan.5. The advertisements will be placed in all the following EXCEPT _____.A. family magazinesB. Sunday newspapersC. morning televisionD. teenage magazines6. The advertisements are intended to be seen by _____.A. parents onlyB. children onlyC. school teachersD. whole families7. Linda sounds _____ about the success of the campaign plan.A. confidentB. hesitantC. uncertainD. delighted Questions 8 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the conversation.8. John has worked in all the following places EXCEPT _____.A. a book shopB. a paper factoryC. a schoolD. a fast-food restaurant9. From the conversation, we learn that John _____.A. has no interestB. has only one interestC. has two interestsD. has quite a few interests10. Sue Green seems to be more interested in John's experience of ____.A. working in a paper factoryB. working in a youth clubC. looking after his brother and sisterD. looking after his young friendsSECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.11. According to the passage, the average age of the fleet of Delta/Northwest is _____.A. 10 yearsB. 14 yearsC. 16 yearsD. 20 years.12. It can be learned from the passage that _____.A. air journeys are quite often far from comfortableB. air travellers usually enjoy luxury during flightC. air travellers usually enjoy upgraded conditionsD. airlines always provide good in-flight entertainment13. Older planes can stay safe for more than 25 years because of the following EXCEPT _____.A. new enginesB. strong materialsC. proper maintenanceD. new interior Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.14. Which job will involve supervising workers using dangerous equipment?A. Assistant site manager.B. Carpenter supervisor.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Automobile service station manager.15. Who will also decide on the prices of products and services?A. Airlines' flight service manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Assistant site manager.D. Carpenter supervisor.16. Who may also do some of the work he supervises?A. Assistant site manager.B. Airlines' flight service manager.C. Assembly supervisor.D. Carpenter supervisor.17. Which job offers the highest salary?A. Assistant site manager.B. Automobile service station manager.C. Carpenter supervisor.D. Airlines' flight service manager. Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the passage.18. Where were the two men filmed?A. In the jewelry shop.B. In the City Mall.C. Near the lorry.D. In the parking lot.19. Witnesses saw the two men _____.A. leave the lorry together.B. leave the lorry without hoods.C. run back to the lorry separately.D. run back to the lorry without hoods.20. Which of the following details is CORRECT?A. The lorry was originally painted white.B. The lorry had no registration plates.C. The shorter man was the passenger.D. The taller man was the driver. SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.21. What did NASA's Constellation Programme originally plan to do?A. To set up a moon colony by 2020.B. To send astronauts again to the moon by 2020.C. To continue the current shuttle missions till 2020.D. To create more jobs for NASA till 2020.22. NASA's Constellation Programme would be cancelled mainly because _____.A. there were more important space missions.B. the space agency lacked funding for the programme.C. the current shuttle missions would continue.D. Congress failed to pass President Obama's budget.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.23. The Russian cargo ship was sinking. What was the direct cause?A. No explanation of the problem.B. Long distance away from land.C. Slow rescue efforts.D. Severe weather.24. Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a possible means of rescue?A. Aircraft.B. Tugboat.C. Nearby cargo ship.D. Vessels at the oil rig.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item,you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.25. Why did the singers meet in Hollywood?A. To raise money for African humanitarian efforts.B. To raise money for Haitian earthquake victims.C. To sing in memory of Michael Jackson.D. To make a recording of the original version of the song.26. Which of the following details about the news is INCORRECT?A. The organizer is one of the co-writers of the first songB. Singers will use the same recording studio as in 1985.C. The recording session is expected to last long.D. Stars from the original version will take part.Questions 27 and 28 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.27. The additional 2 billion dollars will mainly be used to _____.A. upgrade its network capacityB. improve customer servicesC. develop new productsD. market more iPhones28. Where does AT&T face difficulties in particular?A. Nationwide.B. Overseas.C. In large cities.D. In remote towns.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions.Now, listen to the news.29. Where is the presence of security patrols most evident?A. Where matches take place.B. Where protests may take place.C. In downtown Vancouver.D. Around the athletes' village.30. What is this news item mainly about?A. Political protests during the Olympics.B. Security operations during the Olympics.C. Olympics' security forces.D. Security measures in buildings. PART III CLOZE （20个空） [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on Answer Sheet Two."Congratulations, Mr. Cooper. It's a girl."Fatherhood is going to have a different meaning and (31) _____ a different response from every man who hears these words. Some feel (32) _____ when they receive the news, (33) _____ others worry, wondering whether they will be good fathers. (34) _____ there are some men who like children and may have had (35) experience with them, others do not particularly (36) _____ children and spend little time with them. Many fathers and mothers have been planning and looking forward to children for some time. (37) _____ other couples, pregnancy was an accident that both husband and wife have (38) _____ willingly or unwillingly.Whatever the (39) _____ to the birth of a child, it is obvious the shift from the role of husband to (40) _____ of a father is a difficult task. (41) _____, unfortunately, few attempts have been made to (42) _____ fathers in this resocialization (43) _____. Although numerous books have been written about mothers, (44) _____ recently has literature focused on the (45) _____ of a father.It is argued that the transition to the father's role, although difficult, is not (46) _____ as great as the transition the wife must (47) _____ to the mother's role. The mother's role seems to require a complete (48) _____ in daily routine. (49) _____, the father's role is less demanding and (50) _____.31. A. bring down B. bring forth C. bring off D. bring in32. A. emotional B. sentimental C. bewildered D. proud33. A. while B. when C. if D. as34. A. When B. If C. Although D. Yet35. A. considerate B. considerable C. considering D. considered36. A. care about B. care of C. care with D. care for37. A. For B. Of C. From D. Upon38. A. received B. taken C. accepted D. obtained39. A. reply B. reaction C. readiness D. reality40. A. what B. this C. one D. that41 .A. As a result B. For example C. Yet D. Also42. A. educate B. cultivate C. inform D. convert43. A. step B. process C. point D. time44. A./ B. just C. quite D. only45. A. role B. work C. career D. position46. A. a little B. just C. nearly D. almost47. A. take B. make C. carry D. accept48. A. transformation B. realization C. socialization D. reception49. A. In addition B. Above all C. Generally D. However50. A. current B. immediate C. present D. quickPART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY （30道选择题） [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.51. My uncle is quite worn out from years of hard work. He is no longer the man _____ he was fifteen years ago.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. that52. Which of the following sentences is a COMMAND?A. Beg your pardon.B. Have a good time.C. Never do that again!D. What noise you are making!53. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates purpose?A. She said it for fun, but others took her seriously.B. For all its effort, the team didn't win the match.C. Linda has worked for the firm for twenty years.D. He set out for Beijing yesterday.54. When you have finished with the book, don't forget to return it to Tim, _____?A. do youB. will youC. don't youD. won't you55. In phrases like freezing cold, burning hot, or soaking wet, the -ING participle is used _____.A. as a commandB. as a conditionC. for concessionD. for emphasis56. Which of the following italicized phrases is INCORRECT?A. The city is now ten times its original size.B. I wish I had two times his strength.C. The seller asked for double the usual price.D. They come here four times every year.57. It is not so much the language _____ the cultural background that makes the book difficult to understand.A. asB. norC. butD. like58. Which of the following italicized parts is used as an object?A. What do you think has happened to her?B. Who do you think the visiting professor is?C. How much do you think he earns every month?D. How quickly would you say he would come?59. The additional work will take _____ weeks.A. the otherB. another twoC. other twoD. the more60. Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause (主语从句)?A. We are quite certain that we will get there in time.B. He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.C. She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.D. It is sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.61. It's getting late. I'd rather you _____ now.A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. will leave62. In the sentence "The manager interviewed Jim himself in the morning", the italicized word is used to modify _____.A. the objectB. the verbC. the subjectD. the prepositional phrase63. There is no doubt _____ the couple did the right thing in coming back home earlier than planned.A. whetherB. thatC. whyD. when64. The sentence that expresses OFFER is _____.A. I'll get some drinks. What'll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?65. Which of the following italicized phrases indicates a subject-predicate relation (主谓关系)?A. Mr. Smith's passport has been issued.B. The visitor's arrival was reported in the news.C. John's travel details have not been finalized.D. The new bookstore sells children's stories.66. Our office has recently _____ to a new computer system.A. alteredB. convertedC. transformedD. modified67. The crowd went _____ as soon as the singer stepped onto the stage.A. wildB. emotionalC. uncontrolledD. unrestricted68. Our school library is _____ closed for repairs.A. ShortlyB. quicklyC. temporarilyD. rapidly69. John is up to his eves in work at the moment. The underlined part means _____.A. very excitedB. very busyC. very tiredD. very efficient70. Victoria bumped into her brother quite by chance in the supermarket. The underlined word means _____.A. riskB. opportunityC. possibilityD. luck71. "Look at those pretty girls' skirts" is _____, because it is not clear whether the girls or the skirts are "pretty".A. ambiguousB. hiddenC. indirectD. indistinct72. House repairs, holidays, school fees and other _____ have reduced his bank balance to almost nothing.A. amountB. paymentC. expensesD. figures73. It was really _____ of you to remember my birthday.A. gratefulB. thoughtfulC. considerableD. generous74. You can go to a travel agency and ask for a holiday _____.A. introductionB. advertisementC. bookD. brochure75. The city government is building more roads to _____.A. accommodateB. receiveC. acceptD. hold76. They've lifted a two-year-long economic _____ on the country.A. enclosureB. restrictionC. blockadeD. prohibition77. Everyone is surprised that she has fallen out with her boy friend. The underlined part means _____.A. leftB. quarreledC. attackedD. defeated78. His plan is carefully prepared and full of details, so it is a very _____ one.A. elaborateB. refinedC. ambitiousD. complex79. The girl's voice was so low that we could ______ hear her.A. seldomB. almostC. onlyD. barely80. She must have been pretty _____ to fall for such an old trick.A. interestedB. gullibleC. enthusiasticD. shrewdPART V READING COMPREHENSION (20道选择题) [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer.Mark your answers on Answer Sheet Two.TEXT AWe have a crisis on our hands. You mean global warming? The world economy? No, the decline of reading. People are just not doing it anymore, especially the young. Who's responsible? Actually, it's more like, What is responsible? The Internet, of course, and everything that comes with it – Facebook, Twitter (微博). You can write your own list.There's been a warning about the imminent death of literate civilization for a long time. In the 20th century, first it was the movies, then radio, then television that seemed to spell doom for the written world. None did. Reading survived; in fact it not only survived, it has flourished. The world is more literate than ever before – there are more and more readers, and more and more books.The fact that we often get our reading material online today is not something we should worry over. The electronic and digital revolution of the last two decades has arguably shown the way forward for reading and for writing. Take the arrival of e-book readers as an example. Devices like Kindle make reading more convenient and are a lot more environmentally friendly than the traditional paper book.As technology makes new ways of writing possible, new ways of reading are possible. Interconnectivity allows for the possibility of a reading experience that was barely imaginable before. Where traditional books had to make do with photographs and illustrations, an e-book can provide readers with an unlimited number of links: to texts, pictures, and videos. In the future, the way people write novels, history, and philosophy will resemble nothing seen in the past.On the other hand, there is the danger of trivialization. One Twitter group is offering its followers single-sentence-long "digests" of the great novels. War and Peace in a sentence? You must be joking. We should fear the fragmentation of reading. There is the danger that the high-speed connectivity of the Internet will reduce our attention span - that we will be incapable of reading anything of length or which requires deep concentration.In such a fast-changing world, in which reality seems to be remade each day, we need the ability to focus and understand what is happening to us. This has always been the function of literature and we should be careful not to let it disappear. Our society needs to be able to imagine the possibility of someone utterly in tune with modern technology but able to make sense of a dynamic, confusing world.In the 15th century, Johannes Guttenberg's invention of the printing press in Europe had a huge impact on civilization. Once upon a time the physical book was a challenging thing. We should remember this before we assume that technology is out to destroy traditional culture.81. Which of the following paragraphs briefly reviews the historical challenges for reading?A. Paragraph One.B. Paragraph Two.C. Paragraph Three.D. Paragraph Four.82. The following are all cited as advantages of e-books EXCEPT _____.A. multimodal contentB. environmental friendlinessC. convenience for readersD. imaginative design83. Which of the following can best describe how the author feels towardsingle-sentence-long novels?A. IronicB. Worried.C. Sarcastic.D. Doubtful.84. According to the passage, people need knowledge of modern technology and _____ to survive in the fast-changing society.A. good judgmentB. high sensitivityC. good imaginationD. the ability to focus85. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Technology pushes the way forward for reading and writing.B. Interconnectivity is a feature of new reading experience.C. Technology is an opportunity and a challenge for traditional reading.D. Technology offers a greater variety of reading practice.TEXT BI know when the snow melts and the first robins (知更鸟) come to call, when the laughter of children returns to the parks and playgrounds, something wonderful is about to happen.Spring cleaning.I'll admit spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp. Today's busy families hardly have time to load the dishwasher, much less clean the doormat. Asking the family to spend the weekend collecting winter dog piles from the melting snow in the backyard is like announcing there will be no more Wi-Fi. It interrupts the natural order."Honey, what say we spend the weekend beating the rugs, sorting through the boxes in the basement and painting our bedroom a nice lemony yellow?" I say."Can we at least wait until the NBA matches are over?" my husband answers.But I tell my family, spring cleaning can't wait. The temperature has risen just enough to melt snow but not enough for Little League practice to start. Some flowers are peeking out of the thawing ground, but there is no lawn to seed, nor garden to tend. Newly wakened from our winter's hibernation (冬眠), yet still needing extra blankets at night, we open our windows to the first fresh air floating on the breeze and all of the natural world demanding "Awake and be clean!"Biologists offer a theory about this primal impulse to clean out every drawer and closet in the house at spring's first light, which has to do with melatonin, the sleepytime hormone (激素) our bodies produce when it's dark. When spring's light comes, the melatonin diminishes, and suddenly we are awakened to the dusty, virus-filled house we've been hibernating in for four months.I tell my family about the science and psychology of a good healthy cleaning at spring's arrival. I speak to them about life's greatest rewards waiting in the removal of soap scum from the bathtub, which hasn't been properly cleaned since the first snowfall."I'll do it," says the eldest child, a 21-year-old college student who lives at home. "You will? Wow!" I exclaim.Maybe after all these years, he's finally grasped the concept. Maybe he's expressing his rightful position as eldest child and role model. Or maybe he's going to Floridafor a break in a couple of weeks and he's being nice to me who is the financial-aid officer.No matter. Seeing my adult son willingly cleaning that dirty bathtub gives me hope for the future of his 12-year-old brother who, instead of working, is found to be sleeping in the seat of the window he is supposed to be cleaning."Awake and be clean!" I say.86. According to the passage, "...spring cleaning is a difficult notion for modern families to grasp" means that spring cleaning _____.A. is no longer an easy practice to understand.B. is no longer part of modern family life.C. requires more family members to be involved.D. calls for more complicated skills and knowledge.87. Which of the following is LEAST likely to be included in family spring cleaning?A. Beating the rugs.B. Cleaning the window.C. Restoring Wi-Fi services.D. Cleaning the backyard.88. Why does the author say “spring cleaning can't wait”?A. Because there will be more activities when it gets warmer.B. Because the air is fresher and the breeze is lighter.C. Because the whole family is full of energy at spring time.D. Because the snow is melting and the ground is thawing.89. Which of the following interpretations of the biologists' theory about melatonin is INCORRECT?A. The production of melatonin in our bodies varies at different times.B. Melatonin is more likely to cause sleepiness in our bodies.C. The reduction of melatonin will cause wakefulness in our bodies.D. The amount of melatonin remains constant in our bodies.90. Which of the following can best sum up the author's overall reaction to her adult son's positive response to spring cleaning?A. Surprised and skeptical.B. Elated and hesitant.C. Relieved and optimistic.D. Optimistic and hesitant.TEXT CThese days lots of young Japanese do omiai, literally, "meet and look." Many of them do so willingly. In today's prosperous and increasingly conservative Japan, the traditional omiai kekkon, or arranged marriage, is thriving.But there is a difference. In the original omiai, the young Japanese couldn't reject the partner chosen by his parents and their middleman. After World War II, many Japanese abandoned the arranged marriage as part of their rush to adopt the more democratic ways of their American conquerors. The Western ren'ai kekkon, or love marriage, became popular; Japanese began picking their own mates by dating and falling in love.But the Western way was often found wanting in an important respect: it didn't necessarily produce a partner of the right economic, social, and educational qualifications. "Today's young people are quite calculating," says Chieko Akiyama,a social commentator.What seems to be happening now is a repetition of a familiar process in the country's history, the "Japanization" of an adopted foreign practice. The Western ideal of marrying for love is accommodated in a new omiai in which both parties are free to reject the match. "Omiai is evolving into a sort of stylized introduction," Mrs. Akiyama says.Many young Japanese now date in their early twenties, but with no thought of marriage. When they reach the age - in the middle twenties for women, the late twenties for men - they increasingly turn to omiai. Some studies suggest that as many as 40 % of marriages each year are omiai kekkon. It's hard to be sure, say those who study the matter, because many Japanese couples, when polled, describe their marriage as a love match even if it was arranged.These days, doing omiai often means going to a computer matching service rather than to a nakodo. The nakodo of tradition was an old woman who knew all the kids in the neighbourhood and went around trying to pair them off by speaking to their parents;a successful match would bring her a wedding invitation and a gift of money. But Japanese today find it's less awkward to reject a proposed partner if the nakodo is a computer.Japan has about five hundred computer matching services. Some big companies, including Mitsubishi, run one for their employees. At a typical commercial service, an applicant pays $80 to $125 to have his or her personal data stored in the computer for two years and $200 or so more if a marriage results. The stored information includes some obvious items, like education and hobbies, and some not-so-obvious ones, like whether a person is the oldest child. (First sons, and to some extent first daughters, face an obligation of caring for elderly parents.)91. According to the passage, today's young Japanese prefer _____.A. a traditional arranged marriage.B. a new type of arranged marriage.C. a Western love marriage.D. a more Westernized love marriage.92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?A. A Western love marriage tends to miss some Japanese values.B. Less attention is paid to the partner's qualification in arranged marriages.C. Young Japanese would often calculate their partner's wealth.D. A new arranged marriage is a repetition of the older type.93. According to the passage, the figure 40% (Paragraph Five) is uncertain because _____.A. there has been a big increase in the number of arranged marriages.B. Western love marriage still remains popular among young Japanese.C. young Japanese start dating very early in their life in a Western tradition.D. the tendency for arranged marriages could be stronger than is indicated.94. One of the big differences between a traditional nakodo and its contemporary version lies in the way _____.A. wedding gifts are presented.B. a proposed partner is refused.C. formalities are arranged.D. the middleman/woman is chosen.95. What is the purpose of the last paragraph?。

2011年12月英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及答案(估分)-中大网校

2011年12月英语四级(CET-4)考试真题及答案(估分) 总分：710分及格：426分考试时间：140分Part I Writing（30 minutes）(1)Part II （15 minutes）(1)阅读以上短文，回答{TSE}题(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes） (1)点击播放听力音频： <embed autostart="false" src="/m2/tingli/cet4/lnzt/201112cet4.mp3" width="300" type="audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin" height="56" /></embed />根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)根据所听材料回答{TSE}题(10)(11)(12)(13)根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(14)(15)(16)根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(17)(18)(19)Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题{TS}A. Directing personnel evaluation.B. Buying and maintaining equipment.C. Drawing up plans for in-service training.D. Interviewing and recruiting employees.(20)A. Some of his equipment was damaged in a fire.B. The training program he ran was a failure.C. Two of his workers were injured at work.D. Two of his employees committed(21)A. A better relationship with his boss.B. Advancement to a higher position.C. A better-paying job in anoter company.D. Improvement in the company's management.(22)<hr class="gukan" style="height:1px;border:0px;border-top:1px dashed black;width:30%;float:left;" /><answer>She has more self-confidence than Chris.</answer><answer> She works with Chris in the same division.</answer><answer> She has more management expericence than Chris.</answer><answer> She is competing with Chris for the new job.</answer><hr class="nextexam" style="page-break-after:always;" />(23)根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(24)(25)Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）(1)点击播放听力音频：根据所听材料，回答{TSE}题(2)答案(3)答案(4)答案(5)答案(6)答案(7)答案(8)答案(9)答案(10)答案(11)答案Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）(1)|阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(2)答案(3)答案(4)答案(5)答案(6)答案(7)答案(8)答案(9)答案(10)答案(11)阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(17)(18)(19)(20)Part V Cloze （15 minutes）(1)阅读以上文章，回答{TSE}题(2)答案(3)答案(4)答案(5)答案(6)答案(7)答案(8)答案(9)答案(10)答案(11)答案(12)答案(13)答案(14)答案(15)答案(16)答案(17)答案(18)答案(19)答案(20)答案Part VI Translation （5 minutes）(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)答案和解析Part I Writing（30 minutes）(1) :Part II （15 minutes）(1) :(2) :(3) :(4) :(5) :(6) :(7) :(8) :(9) :(10) :Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）  (1) :B(2) :A(3) :B(4) :A(5) :A(6) :B(7) :D(8) :B(9) :C(10) :C(11) :C(12) :B(13) :C(14) :C(16) :C(17) :B(18) :A(19) :BBuying and maintaining equipment(20) :D Two of his employees committed theft(21) :B Advancement to a higher position(22) :D(23) :A(24) :B(25) :Part ⅢListening Comprehension（35 minutes）(1) :无(2) :无(3) :无(4) :无(5) :无(6) :无(7) :无(8) :无(9) :无(10) :无(11) :无Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）(1) :(2) :(4) :(5) :(6) :(7) :(8) :(9) :(10) :(11) :C(12) :A(13) :C(14) :A(15) :C(16) :C(17) :D(19) :D(20) :CPart V Cloze （15 minutes）(1) :C(2) :D(3) :A(4) :B(5) :A(6) :B(7) :C(8) :D(9) :D(10) :B(11) :D(13) :A(14) :D(15) :D(16) :A(17) :B(18) :A(19) :B(20) :CPart VI Translation （5 minutes）(1) :(2) :(3) :(4) :(5) :。

2011年6月英语四级（CET4）真题

2011年6月英语四级（CET4）真题College English Achievement Testfor College English (New Edition)《大学英语》（全新版）四级学业测试Band 4(2006. 05)Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press上海外语教育出版社Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition. Your composition may consist of two or three paragraphs and include the following main ideas given in Chinese.06年6月的大学英语四级测试中将会增加快速阅读，有些人认为这样做，对于测试考生的真实水平并无太大意义，也有些人认为此举将极大改变学生的学习方法及提高学生的综合能力，请就此改革发表你自己的看法。

Is It Necessary to T est Fast Reading in Band-4 Examination?________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.In many ways, today?s business environment has changed qualitatively since the late 1980s. The end of the Cold War radically altered the very nature of the world?s politics and economics. In just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound consequences: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation(解除政府对……的控制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. We have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both Wall Street and Main Street (平民百姓)feeling the pains of economic disorder half a world away.At the same time, we have fully entered the Information Age.Starting breakthroughs in information technology have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the traditional limitations of time or space. Today, it?s almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. With stunning speed, the Internet is profoundly changing the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate.As a consequence, we have truly entered the Post-Industrial economy. We are rapidly shifting from an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. That shift, in turn, places an unprecedented premium on “knowledge workers,” a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller?s market.Beyond the realm of information technology, the accelerated pace of technological change in virtually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a Pervasive(广泛的)demand for continuous innovation. New product, process, and distribution technologies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. More companies are learning the importance of destructive technologies—innovations that hold the potential to make a product line, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.Another major trend has been the fragmentation of consumer and business markets. There?s a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different preferences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. Now, new technology makes it easier, faster, and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensivein the past. Moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business?s ability to serv e sub-markets fuels customers? appetites for more and more specialized offerings.1. In the past decades, the changes in the business environment can be attributed to globalization.2. The pains of economic disorder can be felt only by financial experts.3. Today, people attach more importance to “knowledge workers” than in the past.4. Destructive technologies can get rid of a total business segment.5. The fragmentation of consumer and business markets cannot serve consumers? needs well.6. As a result of the fragmentation of markets, the consumers will become more and moredemanding.7. There are more risks than benefits about global economy.1.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕2.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕3. 〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕4.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕5.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕6. 〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕7.〔Y〕〔N〕〔NG〕8. Information technology has removed the restrictions .9. Destructive technologies are technologies which can .10. New product,process and distribution technologies provide powerful levers forcreating .Part III Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will bea pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), anddecide which is the best answer.11. A) They will be replaced by on-line education sooner or later.B) They will attract fewer kids as on-line education expands.C) They will continue to exist along with on-line education.D) They will limit their teaching to certain subjects only.12. A) Move the washing machine to the basement.B) Turn the basement into a workshop.C) Repair the washing machine.D) Finish his assignment.13. A) It?s quiet in the restaurant.B) The price is high in the restaurant.C) The restaurant serves good food.D) The restaurant is too far from their school.14. A) See a doctor. B) Stay in bed for a few days.C) Get treatment in a better hospital. D) Make a phone call to the doctor.15. A) Alice didn?t seem to be nervous during her speech.B) Alice needs more training in making public speeches.C) The man can hardly understand Alice?s presentation.D) The man didn?t think highly of Alice?s presentation.16. A) The man is late for the trip because he is busy.B) The woman is glad to meet Mr. Brown in person.C) The man is meeting the woman on behalf of Mr. Brown.D) The woman feels sorry that Mr. Brown is unable to come.17. A) Quit delivering flowers.B) Work at a restaurant.C) Bring her flowers every day.D) Leave his job to work for her.18. A) She has learned a lot from the novel.B) She also found the plot difficult to follow.C) She usually has difficulty remembering names.D) She can recall the names of most characters in the novel.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Two different games. B) A meeting.C) Two different communication styles. D) Bowling.20. A) Great Britain. B) China.C) The United States. D) Japan.21. A) During the meeting, some foreign teachers threw balls at the professor.B) The professor left halfway during the meeting.C) The Japanese were rude to foreigners.D) Both the man and the woman were good bowling players.22. A) A match. B) Tennis. C) V olleyball. D) Bowling.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) Stingy. B) Heartless. C) Considerate. D) Careless.24. A) Do the laundry by herself.B) Take care of the old washwoman.C) Do nothing at all.D) Take the old lady to the hospital.25. A) The mother cares more about a bundle of clothes thana human being.B) Something terrible has happened to the old lady.C) The son apparently misunderstands his mother.D) The mother is selfish.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).26. A) It takes skill. B) It pays well.C) It?s a full-time job. D) It?s admired worldwide.27. A) A mother with a baby in her arms.B) A woman whose bag is hanging in front.C) A lone female with a handbag at her right side.D) An old lady carrying a handbag on the left.28. A) The back pocket of his tight trousers.B) The top pocket of jacket.C) A side pocket of his jacket.D) A side pocket of his trousers.29. A) Theater lobbies with uniformed security guards.B) Clothing stores where people are relaxed and off guard.C) Airports where people carry a lot of luggage.D) Hotels and restaurants in southeast London.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) He ran a village shop. B) He worked on a farm.C) He worked in an advertising agency. D) He was a gardener.31. A) It was stressful. B) It was colorful.C) It was peaceful. D) It was boring.32. A) His desire to start his own business. B) The crisis in his family life.C) The decline in his health. D) His dream of living in the countryside.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) Because there are no signs to direct them.B) Because no tour guides are available.C) Because all the buildings in the city look alike.D) Because the university is everywhere in the city.34. A) They set their own exams. B) They select their own students.C) They award their own degrees. D) They organize their own laboratory work.35. A) Most of them have a long history.B) Many of them are specialized libraries.C) They have more books than any other university library.D) They each have a copy of book published in Britain.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exactwords you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill inthe missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or writedown the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the thirdtime, you should check what you have written.There are a lot of good cameras available at the moment—most of these are made in Japan but there are also good quality (36)________from Germany and the USA. We have (37) a range of different models to see which the best (38) is for money. After a number of different tests and interviews with people who are (39) with the different cameras being assessed, our researchers (40) the Olympic BY model as the best auto-focus camera available at the moment. It costs $200 although you may well want to spend more—(41) as much as another $200—on buying (42) lenses and other equipment. It is a good Japanese camera, easy to use.(43) , whereas the American versions are considerably more expensive. The Olympic BY model weighs only 320 grams which is quite a bit.(44)____________________________. Indeed one of the other models we looked at weighed almost twice as much. (45) . All the people we interviewed expressed almost total satisfaction with it.(46) .Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passageSports are one of the world?s largest industries, and most athletes are professionals who are paid for their efforts. Because an athlete succeeds by achievement only—not by (47) background or family connections, sports can be a fast (48) to wealth, and many athletes play more for money than for love. This has not always been true. In the ancient Olympics the winner got only a wreath olive leaves(橄榄叶花环).Even though the winners became national heroes, the games remained (49) for centuries. Athletes won fame but no money. As time passed however, the (50) become increasingly less amateur and cities began to hire athletes to (51) them. By the fourth century A.D., the Olympics were ruined, and they were soon ended.In 1896,the Olympic games were revived (使再度兴起) with the same goal of pure amateur (52) . The rules bar athletes who have ever received a $50 prize or an athletic scholar or who have spent four weeks in a training camp. At least one competitor in the 1896 games meets these (53) . He was Spiridon Loues, a water carrier who won the marathon race. After race, a rich Athenian offered him anything he wanted. A true amateur, Loues accepted only a cart and a horse. Then he gave up running forever. But Loues was an exception and now, as the Chairman of the German Olympic Committee said,“Nobody pays any attention to these rules.”Man y countries pay their athletes to train (54) , and Olympic athletes are eager to sell their names to companies that make everything from ski equipment to fast food.Even the games themselves have become a huge business. Countries fight to hold the Olympics not only for honor, but formoney. The 1972 games in Munich cost the Germans 545 million dollars, but by selling medal, (55) , TV rights, food, drink, hotel rooms, and souvenirs (纪念品), they managed to make a profit. Appropriately the symbol of victory in the Olympic Games is no longer a simple olive (56) —it is a gold medal.Section BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).You should decide on the best choice.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Ask most people how they define the American Dream and chances are they?ll say, “Success.” The dream of individual opportunity has been home in American since Europeans discovered a “new world” in the Western Hemisphere. Early immigr ants like Hector St. Jean de Crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. His glowing descriptions of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fired the imaginations of many European readers: in Letters from an American Farmer (1782) he wrote. “We are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered (无拘无束的) and unrestrain ed, because each person works for himself … We have no princes, for whom we toil (干苦力活)，starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.” The promise of a land where “the rewards of a man?s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his labor” drew poor immigrants from Europe and fueled national expansion into thewestern territories.Our national mythology (神化)is full of illustration the American success story. There?s Benjamin Franklin, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins to become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. In the nineteenth century, Horatio Alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became American?s best-selling author with rags-to-riches tales. The notion of success haunts us: we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, le arning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,” and “dressing for success.” The myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today it?s as important to be “successful” in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on top in business.But dreams easily turn into nightmares. Every American who hopes to “make it” also knows the fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and thehave-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd.U nder pressure of the myth, we become indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right” neighborhoods, wear the “right” clothes, eat the “right” foods. Th ese symbols of distinction assure us and others that we believe strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate ourselves from our fellow citizens.57. What is the essence of the American Dream according to Crevecoeur?A) People who are honest and working hard can succeed.B) People are free from exploitation and oppression.C) People can fully enjoy individual freedom.D) People are free to develop their power of imagination.58. By saying “the rewards of a man?s indus try follow with equal steps the progress ofhis labor” (Para. 1), the author means ______________.A) a company?s success depends on its employees? hard workB) a man?s business should be developed step by stepC) laborious work ensures the growth of an industryD) the more diligent one is, the bigger his returns59. The characters described in Horatio Alger?s novels are people who _______________.A) became famous despite their modest originsB) became wealthy after starting life very poorC) succeed in real estate investmentD) earned enormous fortunes by chances60. It can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that _________________.A) Americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifeB) good personal relationships lead to business successC) business success often contributes to a successful marriageD) successful business people provide good care for their children61. What is the paradox of American culture according to the author?A) Status symbols are not a real indicator of a person?s wealth.B) The American Dream is nothing but an empty dream.C) The American road to success is full of nightmares.D) What Americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.Passage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.As a wise man once said, we are all ultimately alone. But an increasing number of Europeans are choosing to be so at an ever earlier age. This isn?t the stuff of gloomy philosophical contemplations, but a fact of Europe?s new economic landscape, embraced by sociologists, real-estate developers and ad executives alike. The shift away from family life to solo lifestyle, observes a French sociologist, is part of the “irresistible momentum of individualism” over the last century. The communications revolution, the shift from a business culture of stability to one of mobility and the mass entry of women into the workforce have greatly wreaked havoc(扰乱)on Europeans? private lives.Europe?s new economic climate has largely fostered the trend toward independence. The current generation of home-aloners came of age during Europe?s shift from social democracy to the sharper, more individualistic climate of American style capitalism. Raised in an era of privatization and increased consumer choice, today?s tech-savvy (精通技术的) workers have embraced a free market in love as well as economics. Modern Europeans are rich enough to afford to live alone, and temperamentally independent enough to want to do so.Once upon a time, people who lived alone tended to be those on either side of marriage—twenty something professionals or widowed senior citizens. While pensioners, particularly elderly women,make up a large proportion of those living alone, the newest crop of singles are high earners in their 30s and 40s who increasingly view living alone as a lifestyle choice. Living alonewas conceived to be negative—dark and cold, while being together suggested warmth and light. But then came along the idea of singles. They were young, beautiful, strong! Now, young people want to live alone.The boom ing economy means people are working harder than ever. And that doesn?t leave much room for relationships. Pimpi Arroyo, a 35-year-old composer who lives alone in a house in Paris, says he hasn?t got time to get lonely because he has too much w ork. “I have deadlines which would make life with someone else fairly difficult.” Only an Ideal Woman would make him change his lifestyle, he says. Kaufmann, author of a recent book called “The Single Woman and Prince Charm ing,” thinks this fierce new individualism me ans that people expect more and more of mates, so relationships don?t last long—if they start at all. Eppendorf, a blond Berliner with a deep tan, teaches grade school in the mornings. In the afternoon she sunbathes or sleeps, resting up for going dancing. Just shy of 50, she says she?d never have wanted to do what her mother did—give up a career to raise a family. Instead, “I?ve always done what I wanted to do: live a self-determined life.”62. More and more young Europeans remain single because ___________________.A) they are driven by an overwhelming sense of individualismB) they have entered the workforce at a much earlier ageC) they have embraced a business culture of stabilityD) they are pessimistic about their economic future63. What is said about European society in the passage?A) It has fostered the trend towards small families.B) It is getting closer to American-style capitalism.C) It has limited consumer choice despite a free market.D) It is being threatened by irresistible privatization.64. According to Paragraph 3, the newest groups of singles are ___________________.A) warm and lighthearted B) on either side of marriageC) negative and gloomy D) healthy and wealthy65. The author quotes Eppendorf to show that __________________.A) some modern women prefer a life of individual freedomB) the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day EuropeC) some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonelyD) most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable66. What is the author?s purpose in writing the passage?A) To review the impact of women becoming high earners.B) To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism.C) To examine the trend of young people living alone.D) To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships.Part V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Part VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions:Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in the brackets. 87. For my own part, I should certainly hesitate to hire a clerk on his face / appearancealone_________________________________________________ (外表往往是靠不住的).88. Many women today feel the same stress to produce and get ahead and, at the same time,_________________________________________ (又要养育子女，承担起) a variety of domestic responsibilities.89. Initial reports coming out of the region indicate the earthquake has caused_____________________________________________________ (广泛的破坏和重大的人员伤亡).90. _____________________________________________(虽然我们没有见到任何壮观的景物), weenjoyed every minute in the town that lies out of the range of the heavy traffic and noise of the large city.91. The stress we feel arises not from a shortage of time, ______________________________________________________________________ (而是我们试图往时间里塞入过量的事情) .Key to Achievement TestPart I WritingIs It Necessary to T est Fast Reading in Band-4 Examination?In 2006, a fast reading test will be included in the CET-4 test. Many people welcome this as they think the candidates will greatly benefit form the reform. First, the test will make many students get rid of their bad reading habits and cultivate good ones. Second, many studies show that the ability to read fast proves necessary and important in our future work, esp. when we communicate with westerners. Third, fast reading will encourage the students to enlarge their vocabulary, esp. vocabularyessential to work and life.At the same time, many people are opposed to the reform. Their reasons are as follows: First, they fear that they won?t adapt to the new test and will get low scores. Second, they do not see the importance of reading fast and therefore believe that it is no use adding this section.I believe the reform is a good thing and certainly has lots of advantages. I will do a lot ofexercises to improve my reading speed and enlarge my vocabulary so that in my future work, I will communicate smoothly with foreign clients.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. Y2. N3.Y4. Y5. N6.Y7. NG8. of time and space in business transactions.9. eliminate a whole business segment.10. competitive value.Part III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. C 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. A16. C 17. D 18.B 19. C 20. D21. B 22. D 23. C 24. B 25.CSection B26. A 27. C 28.A 29.B 30. C31. A 32.B 33. D 34.B 35. D36. passion 37. investigated 38. value 39. familiar40. recommend 41. perhaps 42. additional43. Equivalent German models tend to be heavier and slightly less easy to use.44. less than other cameras of a similar type.45. Similarly, it is smaller than most of its competitors, thus fitting easily into a pocket or ahandbag.46. The only problem was the slight awkwardness in loading the film.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. I 48. M 49. H 50.G 51. F52. K 53. L 54. D 55. A 56. CSection B57. C 58.D 59.B 60. A 61. D62. A 63. B 64. D 65. A 66. DPart V Cloze67. D 68. C 69.A 70. B 71. D72. A 73. A 74. D 75. C 76. D77. B 78. C 79. A 80. D 81. A82. C 83. B 84. A 85. B 86. CPart VI Translation87. Appearances are all too often deceptive.88. to nurture their offspring and shoulder89. widespread devastation /damage and heavy casualties90. Though we did not see anything spectacular91. but from the surfeit of things we trying to cram into itTapescript of Listening ComprehensionDirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question willbe spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, youmust read the four choices marked A), B), C), and D) and decide which the best answer is.11. M: What do you think of the prospects for online education? Is it going to replace the traditionalschool?W: I doubt it. Schools are here to stay, because there are much more than just book learning. Even though more and more kids are going online. I believe fewer of them will quit school altogether.Q: What does the woman think of the conventional schools?12. M: Allen is in the basement trying to repair the washing machine.W: Shouldn?t he be working on his term paper?Q: What does the woman think Allen should do?13. M: The food in this restaurant is horrible. If only we?d gone to the school dining hall.W: But the food is n?t everything. Isn?t it nice just to get away from all the noise?Q: What can we learn from the conversation?14. W: Carol told us on the phone not to worry about her. Her left leg doesn?t hurt as much as it didyesterday.M: She?d better have it exami ned by a doctor anyway. And I。

2011年12月英语四级真题及答案详细解析绝对完整版-推荐下载

2011年12月大学英语四级真题【试题完整版及答案完整版详解（包括听力原文详解）】PartⅠ Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will by commenting on the humorous saying, "Quitting smoking is the easiest thing in the world. I've done ithundreds of times." You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

PartⅡ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions:In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7 choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentence with the information given in the passage.Why Integrity MattersWhat Is Integrity?The key to integrity is consistency- not only setting high personal standards for oneself (honesty, responsibility, respect for others, fairness) but also living up to those standards each and every day. One who has integrity is bound by and follows moral and ethical (道德上的) standards even when making life's hard choices, choices which may be clouded by stress, pressure to succeed, or temptation.What happens if we lie, cheat, steal, or violate other ethical standards? We feel disappointed in ourselves and ashamed. But a lapse (缺失) of integrity also affects our relationships with others. Trust is essential in any important relationship, whether personal or professional. Who can trust someone who is dishonest or unfair? Thus integrity must be one of our most important goals.Risky BusinessWe are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision, making process has been undermined by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our mistake, by understanding why we acted as we did and then exploring ways to avoid similar problems in the future.Making ethical decisions is a critical part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we're taking, we can't make responsible choices. To identify risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules a about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as required. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct, Ignorance is not a defense."But Everybody Does It"Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it." "I'm not hurting anyone", or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very elaborate: "I know I'm look at another's exam, even though I'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not cheating because I’m just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions and avoid excuses, if we fool ourselves into believing we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we're making - and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. If you'd rather hide your actions, that's an indication that you're taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourself.Evaluating RisksTo decide whether a risk is worth taking, you must examine the consequences, in the future as well as right now, negative as well as positive, and to others as well as to yourself. Those who take risks they later regret usually focus on immolate benefits and simply haven't considered what might go wrong. The consequences of getting caught are serious and may include a "O" on a test or assignment, an "F" in the class, suspension (暂令停学) or dismissal from school and a ruined reputation. In fact, when you break a role or law, you lose control over your life and give others the power to impose punishment that you have no control over. This is an extremely vulnerable (脆弱的) position. There may be some matters of life and death or highest principle, which might justify such a risk, but there aren't many things that fall in this category.Getting Away with it - Or NotThose who don't get caught pay an even higher price. A cheater doesn't learn from the test, which deprives (剥夺) him her of an education. Cheating undermines confidence and independence: the cheater is a fraud, and knows that without dishonesty, he/she would have failed. Cheating destroys self-respect and integrity, leaving the cheater ashamed, guilty and afraid of getting caught.Worst of all, a cheater who doesn't get caught the first time usually cheats again, not only because he/she is farther behind, but also because it seems "easier." This slippery slope of eroding ethics and bigger risks leads only to disaster. Eventually, the cheater gets caught, and the later he/she gets caught, the worse the consequences.Cheating Hurts Other, TooCheaters often feel invisible, as if their actions "don't count" and don't really hurt anyone. But individual choices have an intense cumulative (累积的) effect. Cheating can spread like a disease. Recent statistics suggest 30％or more of college students cheat. If a class is graded on a curve, cheating hurts others' grades. Even if there is no curve, cheating "poisons" the classroom, and others may feel pressured to join in. ("If I don't cheat I can't compete with those who do") Cheating also has a destructive impact on teachers. The real reward of goof teaching is seeing students learn. But a cheater says. "I'm not interested in what you're trying to teach, all I care about is stealing a grade, regardless of the effect on others." The end result is a destructive attack on the quality of your education. Finally, cheating can hurt the reputation of the university and harm those who worked hard for their degree.Why Integrity MartenIf cheating becomes the norm, then we are in big trouble. We must rely on the honesty and good faith of others, if not, we couldn't put money in the bank, buy food, clothing, or medicine from others, drive across a bridge, get on a plane, go to the dentist--the list is endless. There are many examples of the vast harm that is caused when individuals forget or ignore the effect their dishonesty can have. The savings and loan scandal, the stock market and junk bond swindles, and, of course, Watergate, have undermined the faith of many Americans in the integrity of political and economic leaders and society as a whole. Such incidents take a tremendous toll on our nation's economy and our individual well-being. For example, but for the savings and loan debacle, there might be funds available to reduce the national debt and pay for education.In sum, we all have a common stake in our school, our community, and our society. Our actions do matter. It is essential that we act with integrity in order to build the kind of world in which we want to live.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

2011年12月大学英语四级试题及答案汇总（完整版）

2011年12月大学英语四级试题及答案汇总(完整版完整版) )Part I Writing 【标准版】Nothing Succeeds Without a Strong Will Nothing runs smoothly in our life. To achieve things successfully, a strong will is essential. Life is like a Marathon. Many people can’t get to the terminal. This is not because they are lack of vitality but because their will of success is not strong enough. To take quitting smoking as an example, some regard it as a piece of cake. They make up their minds to quit it in the morning, but in the evening they feel that the smell of cigarettes is tempting. Their Their throats throats throats are are are sore, sore, sore, their their their mouths mouths mouths are are are thirsty, thirsty, thirsty, and and and their their their hands hands hands are are are shaking. shaking. shaking. After After After the the the painful painful mental struggle, they tell themselves that “One cigarette is enough. Just take one, and the next day I I will will will quit quit quit it.” it.” it.” By By By doing doing doing this, this, this, they they they surrender surrender surrender to to to their their their weak weak weak will. will. will. In In In the the the end, end, end, they they they have have have quitted quitted smoking “a hundred times”, but in no time they succeed.Just like quitting smoking, nothing succeeds without a strong will. To be successful in one’s life, a strong will means means that that that you you you know where know where you you go go go and and and you will you will persist persist on on on the the the road road road you you you choose. choose. Undoubtedly success belongs to those who overcome their weak will and who hang in there until the last minute. 【文章点评】【文章点评】本文属于话题类作文，只看题目本文属于话题类作文，只看题目 “Nothing Succeeds without a strong will”考生会觉得比较抽象，难以下手。

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The University of California was chartered in 1868 and established at Berkeley in 1875. South Hall, an ivy-covered Gothic-revival building of red brick, is the only survivor of the nineteenth century campus buildings. Today, the Berkeley campus is the senior member of the nine-campus University of California System. Berkeley offers a full range of academic majors in programs. In a national survey published in fall 1992, Berkeley placed highest of all public universities in ranking that included five attributes: reputation, selectivity, faculty resources, financial resources, and student satisfaction. More students who earn bachelor's degrees at Berkeley complete Ph. D's than graduates of any other university in the country. Undergraduate students can choose from more than 5,000 different courses and over 100 majors or they can design their own individual majors. The graduate division offers professional and academic degrees in more than 100 majors. Aiding students in their course work is a campus network of twenty-four libraries, including one especially for undergraduates. There are also many support facilities and services available, such as the Student Learning Center,financial aid counseling, housing assistance, graduate and professional school advising, and career placement assistance. The 1, 200-acre campus stretches from downtown Berkeley through wooded hills that overlook San Francisco Bay. The city of Berkeley (population 105,000) offers the lively background of one of America's more culturally diverse and politically adventurous small cities. The surrounding San Francisco Bay area provides an abundance of recreational and cultural events. 26. In Paragraph One, the author mainly states about______. A. the greatness and wonderfulness of the Berkeley campus B. the Berkeley campus' ranking in all the public universities C. the history and the present situation of the Berkeley campus D. the overall impression of the Berkeley campus 27. More students have graduated from Berkeley than from any other university in gaining ______degree. A. MBA's B. bachelor's C. Ph. D's D. master's 28. From the essay, we can know that______. A. the Berkeley campus is the University of California B. the Berkeley campus is only an old branch of the University of California C. the Berkeley campus is an absolutely independent university, which is built in California D. the Berkeley campus is an independent college. 29. Which is TRUE according to the essay? A. Now the Berkeley campus is the best public university. B. You can finish bachelor's courses or Ph. D's courses but not master's courses. C. The Berkeley campus does not do well in helping students in their studies. D. The Berkeley campus is not far away from the city of San Francisco. 30. The city of Berkeley is______. A. situated within the Berkeley campus B. found to be a melting pot of various cultures C. a recreational place D. trying to increase its population 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. B Work and Play What do we mean by leisure, and why should we assume that it represents a problem to be solved by the arts? The great ages of art were not conspicuous for their leisure—at least, art was not an activity associated with leisure. It was a craft like any other, concerned with the making of necessary things. Leisure, in the present meaning of the word, did not exist. Leisure, before the Industrial Revolution, meant no more than "time" or "opportunity"; "If your leisure served, I would speak with you. " says one of Shakespeare's characters. Phrases which we still use, such as "at your leisure", preserve this original meaning. But when we speak of leisure nowadays, we are not thinking of securing time or opportunity to do something; time is heavy on our hands, and the problem is how to fill it. Leisure no longer signifies a space with some difficulty secured against the pressure of events: rather it is a pervasive emptiness for which we must invent occupations. Leisure is a vacuum, a desperate state of vacancy—a vacancy of mind and body. It has been commandeered ( 强占) by the sociologists and the psychologists: it is a problem. Our diurnal existence is divided into two phases, as distinct as day and night. We call them work and play. We work so many hours a day, and, when we have allowed the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping, the rest we spend in various activities which are known as recreations, an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure, but spend them in various forms of passive enjoyment or entertainment—not football but watching football matches; not acting, but theatre-going; not walking, but riding in a motor coach. We need to make, therefore, a hard-and-fast(不能变通的) distinction not only between work and play but, equally, between active play and passive entertainment. It is, I suppose, the decline of active play—of amateur sport— and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainment which has given rise to a sociological interest in the problem. If the greater part of the population, instead of indulging in sport,