E-government What can China learn from Europe

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湖南省永州市剑桥学校2021-2022学年八年级上学期第三次月考英语试题(Word版含答案)

湖南省永州市剑桥学校2021-2022学年八年级上学期英语第三次月考试题考试时间：120分钟；命题人：唐莲注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上，所有答案都必须填涂或填写在答题卡规定的答题区域内。

,第I卷（选择题）一、听力技能（共三节，满分20分）A）图片理解从每小题所给的三幅图中选出与你所听到的对话内容相同或相近的图画。

（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）.B）对话理解根据你所听到的对话内容，选择最佳选项回答问题。

（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）第一节听第 6 至第10 段小对话，回答第6至第10小题。

( )6. Where did Leo go last Sunday?A. To the Great Wall.B. To the Palace Museum.C. To the South Luogu Lane.( )7. What did Emily buy yesterday?A. A dress.B. A T-shirt.C. A sweater.( )8. What did Lily do in the talent show?A. She did kung fu.B. She sang a song.C. She played the violin.( )9. What program is Alice watching?A. The news.B. A sitcom.C. A talk show.1/ 9( )10. What will the speakers do?A. Play a computer game.B. Listen to songs.C. Go for a drive.第二节听下面两段对话，每段对话后各有几个问题，选择最佳选项回答问题。

听下面一段对话，回答第11、12小题。

( )11. Where will Sally stay tomorrow night?A. At home.B. At her aunt's house.C. In a hotel.( )12. How soon will Sally come back?A. In a week.B. In two weeks.C. In three weeks.听下面一段对话，回答第13～15小题。

新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第二册(WELearn答案)

新目标大学英语：《综合教程》第二册U1•Textbook StudyListening1）without thinkingwithout learning2）modestexceeds3）The wise are activethe humane endure4）followchange5）who know the truthwho delight in itText B1）b2）c3）f4）e5）d6）aWriting（范文示例）The dictionary defines harmony as “the state of being together in a pleasing way so that each part goes well with the others.”To me, harmony means the peaceful relations with other people.Harmony could be found in the warm atmosphere at home. While there may be quarrels, you love each other and care for each other. For instance, although there is generation gap between parents and children, given that they consider things from the viewpoints of each other, obstacles can be overcome and the gap be bridged.Harmony could be seen in the respectful relations in the workplace/dorm room. In spite of occasional disagreements, you respect each other and still get along with each other. People from different family/education backgrounds tend to hold different attitudes to a certain issue. If they show their tolerance, problems can be solved.Moreover, harmony also exists in the mutual respect between teachers and students. On the one hand, a teacher adheres to a certain syllabus and teaching procedures, while at the same time, he/she also takes the learner’s needs into consideration and makes adjustments when necessary. On the other hand, the students should follow teachers’instructions and provide feedbacks and suggestions to them.In brief, when we live in harmony with each other, we live a happy life.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、D3、C4、B5、D6、AReading Comprehension1-5: ECGIA6-10: DGFHBParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Couplets of the Spring Festival are couplets hung on the columns of a hall in the Spring Festival’s Eve. It is called “Chun Lian” in Chinese. Being a unique literary form to China, the Couplets of the Spring Festival mostly describe the bustling atmosphere during the Spring Festival and express Chinese people’s hopes for prosperity in the New Year. New Year couplets are usually posted in pairs as even numbers are associated with good luck and auspiciousness in Chinese culture. People in north China are used to posting paper-cut on their windows. When sticking the window decoration paper-cuts, people paste on the door large red Chinese character “福”.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ABCAB6-10: CACDA11-15: AABDA16-20: BDBBCUnit Test - II1-5: DCAAD（6）E. thought （7）J. brewed （8）L. preference （9）C. optimize （10）F. behavior （11）K. mentality （12）H. flavors （13）N. solutions （14）H. cupfuls（15）O. continuity16-20: BBCAD21-25: BACDAU2•Textbook StudyListening1）benefits2）customers’ unmet needs 3）high-quality4）technically superior 5）resource6）motivating7）coordinating8）influence and lead9）delegate10）running smoothlyText BCommentator（左侧表格）site managerfatherComments on Parker Maroney（右侧表格）2）It’s my favorite.4）He’s doing it for a worthy cause, and you don’t see that often.1）We really enjoy him being here.2）This young man shows a lot of initiative.1）people are liking the lemonade.2）worth it in the end.3）fun learning process.Writing（范文示例）Subject-by-subject patternTopic sentence: Tom and Joseph are both my roommates, but it seems that they come from two different worlds.Roommate A: Tom is not tall and is a little overweight. He looks cuteand friendly. Whenever we are back in the dormitory, we can always hear him gossiping around. He is very extroverted and has made a lot of friends since he came to the university. His favorite pastime is playing video games.Roommate B: Joseph is tall and thin. He is introverted and looks a little timid, but he is friendly to others. Whenever he has time, he plays the violin or listens to music.Concluding sentence: Although they are different in many ways and make a weird match when they are together, they are good friends now.Point-by-point patternTopic sentence: Tom and Joseph are both my roommates, but it seems that they come from two different worlds.Appearance: Tom is not tall and a little overweight, while Joseph is tall and thin.Personalities: Both Tom and Joseph are friendly to others. Different from Joseph, who is introverted and looks a little timid, Tom is extroverted and talkative. Whenever we are back in the dormitory, we can always hear him gossiping around.Hobbies: Tom’s favorite pastime is playing video games, but as far as Joseph is concerned, whenever he has time, he plays the violin or listens to music.Concluding sentence: Although they are different in many ways and make a weird match when they are together, they are good friends now.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、A2、D3、B4、D5、A6、BBanked Cloze（1）F. external（2）B. although（3）D. access（4）J. successful（5）A. Instead（6）O. relying（7）C. overly（8）E. fruitless（9）H. fact（10）L. highestParagraph Translation（翻译参考）What entrepreneurial students mention the most when talking about challenges is their lack of experience, funding and a business location. But there is a solution for these problems: a start-up business incubator that offers rent subsidies, financial support and start-up training. Many incubators are established by national and local human resources and social security bureaus. Qingdao Business Incubator Center forUniversity Students is one of them. It was created by the human resources and social security bureau of Qingdao, so students who set up a business there can get help from the local government.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: DACAB6-10: DACCA11-15: BCDBC16-20: ADCBAUnit Test - II1-5: CACBA（6）C. supplement（7）F. insurance（8）D. interacts（9）M. specialty（10）I. mentor（11）K. Entrepreneurship（12）A. mowed（13）B. productive（14）O. venture（15）G. bulk16-20: CDACB21-25: DCCBDU3•Textbook StudyListening1）public facilities2）adjusted3）improve security4）the weather5）book6）private or public spaces 7）reduces air pollution 8）aims to9）intelligent switching 10）consumers’ habitsText BParagraph statement（表格左侧）Para.7lets you, the home cook, create the same types of foods from within the walls of your own kitchen.Para.8one of the most advanced toilets ever.Specific details（表格右侧）1）drop on all sides2）connected speakers and a large high-definition projector screen3）all other compatible devices1）create a physical and chemical reaction during cooking2）tasty liquids like foams and jellies1）bluetooth2）motion sensor, bidet functionality, a heated seat, and ambient lighting3）heat vents for your feetWriting（范文示例）General statement 1: Smart phones have changed our ways to communicate with others.Specific instances: We can download such instant messaging apps as We-Chat, emails or video phones, enabling us to communicate with others over long distance at anytime anywhere.General statement 2: Smart phones have also changed our ways to learn.Specific instance 1: With a smart phone, we are able to take online courses or record an exciting lecture.Specific instance 2: We can arrange a reasonable study schedule via personal class table and other apps.Specific instance 3: What’s more, we can have rich resources at hand via Baidu, icloud, etc.General statement 3: Smart phones have also provided us new ways of entertainment.Specific instance 1: We listen to the music on the phone.Specific instance 2: We watch movies on the phone.Specific instance 3: We can even play online games especially when Wi-Fi is available.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、C2、B3、D4、B5、A6、CReading Comprehension（1）G（2）D（3）J（4）B（5）F（6）J（7）H（8）I（9）E（10）CParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Although the concept of smart home is still in the early stages of development in China, it promises to be a potential gold mine. According to Juniper Research’s report, by 2018, China’s smart home market is likely to expand to RMB 100 billion, and Chinese companies are jumping in to get a piece of the pie. Powering the growth of the industry in China is the consumers’ urge for change. The tech and white goods giants have already started making moves in this industry. E-commerce giant Alibaba has teamed up with white goods manufacturer Midea to co-produce a smartair-conditioner which is now available on Tmall. •Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: DDAAB6-10: CAADA11-15: BDABD16-20: CBCCAUnit Test - II1-5: BDBDA（6）C. invisible（7）F. transparent（8）L. function（9）N. swayed（10）A. aims（11）D. pump（12）H. compatible（13）O. tendency（14）I. grant（15）G. by16-20: DBBCB21-25: DAADBU4•Textbook StudyListening1）4002）at the event’s dinner3）a historic speech4）161 billionaires and near-billionaires 5）try to help solve6）creating markets7）in long-term8）October 8, 2012 issueText B1）e2）f3）a4）g5）b6）c7）dWriting（范文示例）I spend most of my spare time reading.I read because I want to get well-informed, especially about things that happened in history and things that are happening around the world.I read also because I can always gain inspiration from the author and the life experiences of the characters. A third reason for my reading is that I truly enjoy the quiet moments of reading while others are gossiping or hanging around.Reading has become a habit as well as my favorite pastime.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、B2、D3、A4、A5、B6、BBanked Cloze（1）B. span（2）D. addition（3）H. charge（4）M. alike（5）N. against（6）G. hated（7）E. worse（8）L. opposed（9）A. ignore（10）J. thenParagraph Translation（翻译参考）Mencius was a great thinker of the mid-Warring States Period. He was a successor of Confucius and has been called the “Second Sage" after Confucius. He spent his life traveling from country to country, lobbying the rulers from one feudal court to another, debating among the politicians, in the hope of finding some rulers who would follow his teachings. His philosophical thoughts were established in the process of his political activities and were compiled in a book bearing his name. The theory of benevolent governance is based on Mencius' belief that human beings are good by nature. He held that this goodness is innate and can be acquired without learning or thinking.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ADBCC6-10: BCAAB11-15: CBBCB16-20: BDACCUnit Test - II1-5: CADBD（6）G. medieval（7）C. trusty（8）F. predecessors （9）N. absorbed（10）H. inquiry（11）I. misleadingly （12）K. systematically （13）M. mysterious （14）B. faculty（15）E. nervesTest II、CACDBCABDA•Textbook StudyListening1）through a different cultural lens2）serve you well3）an investment in your future4）perseverance and commitment5）will last a lifetime6）more sensitive and wiser international citizensText B1）22）1/113）34）45）56）67）88）79）910）12Writing（范文示例）(Before the party)I still remember the moment when I saw the poster of a Halloween Party on campus. I was so excited and eager to have a Halloween Party for the first time. It was three days before the party that I began to prepare for the dress and ornaments that I would wear to the party. When the day finally came, I went back early to the dormitory to dress myself.(At the party)It was about 8 o’clock in the evening. I went to the party by taxi. The party was now in full swing. Some people were singing an Italian opera, some were performing court dances, some were playing scenes from Romeo and Juliet and still others were just having small talk by the chair. After about 11 o’clock, the party came to an end.(After the party)At about 12 o’clock, we went back to the dormitory.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、C3、A4、D5、C6、BBanked Cloze（1）H. interaction（2）M. exchange（3）D. accessible（4）I. regularly（5）O. urge（6）A. socialize（7）F. aspects（8）N. enforced（9）J. essential（10）C. ensuringParagraph Translation（翻译参考）In the last decade, mainland Chinese students have reshaped the international student body at U.S. colleges and universities, notably at Ivy League institutions. In the 2009-2010 academic year, China surpassed traditional "study abroad" heavyweights like Canada, India and South Korea, to lead international enrollment across U.S. higher education, according to the US Institute of International Education. But while mainland Chinese students dominate international enrollment, they comprise a small fraction of the overall student body. This is even more the case at the undergraduate level, as most international students are graduates.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ADCCC6-10: BCAAB11-15: CBBCB16-20: BBBCCUnit Test - II1-5: DBAAC（6）D. provide （7）G. by（8）N. through （9）E. ecstasy （10）A. from （11）O. vibrant （12）C. imaginable （13）F. warmth （14）H. in（15）J. timeless16-20: ACADB21-25: BDDCAU6•Textbook StudyListening1）pleasant king2）dance in a ring3）the pretty birds do sing4）all day5）this merry lay6）kiss our feet7）sit8）do greetText B·the brilliant red maples;·the quaint New England villages; ·Robert Frost Memorial Trail·local·outsidethe gourds, pumpkins, Indian corn·nearbytrees, a creek, a cornfield, a crow, and leaves·Iowared barns, fields, and trees·insidethe front door, the pillow, and the foodsWriting（范文示例）A City Tour to ChangshaTopic:A City Tour to ChangshaThe beginning of the tour:We joined a one-day city tour around Changsha city on May Day.The first stop:At about 9 a.m., we arrived at Yuelu Academy. Walking through the front door, we saw many couplets at the gates and stone inscriptions in the walls along the corridors deep inside. In the middle hall was the platform where teachers gave lectures. On both sides were then classrooms and dormitories, including a Temple of Confucius on the right. At the back stood the three-story Royal Library.Leaving from the back door, we climbed up to Yuelu Mountain. The famous Aiwan Pavillion, named after a poem by Dumu in Tang Dynasty, was hidden amid the green trees in the valley.The next stop:Descending from Yuelu Mountain, we had lunch and then took the bus to the next stop, the Orange Island in the middle of Xiangjiang River. The island was big and we had a sightseeing tour by bus. The driver also acted as the tour guide and introduced the attractions on the way, dropping us off occasionally to walk around and take pictures.Along the bank were green willow trees, and in the middle orange trees, flowers and grassland. At the southern end, there was a huge statue of Chairman Mao in his late 20s, together with some stone inscriptions of his poems.The end of the tour:When it was getting dark, our city tour also came to an end. The tour bus took us to Huogong Dian, the Temple of God of Fire and now also a restaurant with local food. While enjoying the delicious food as well as the local opera, we lost ourselves in the local culture.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1、D2、C3、A4、C5、B6、ABanked Cloze（1）N. outdoors（2）F. negative（3）L. toll（4）I. trace（5）K. majority（6）C. confined（7）J. evolved（8）E. separation（9）D. contemporary（10）M. trainParagraph Translation（翻译参考）The bamboo is the most popular plant in China. Almost every village in Southern China is surrounded by bamboo groves. The drooping bamboo leaves cross one another, as if they are composing the Chinese character "An" (tranquility). In the order of the Four Gentlemen (the seasons of the year), the bamboo represents the spirit of summer. But since the bamboo lasts through all seasons, it is frequently associated with pine and plum as the "Three Winter Friends”. The bamboo is considered a gentleman with perfect virtues. It combines integrity with accommodating flexibility; it has the perfect balance of grace and strength, or the Yin and the Yang. When the storm comes, the bamboo bends with the wind. When the storm ceases, it resumes its upright position. Its ability to cope with adversity has always been admired by Chinese people.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: ADCDC6-10: BCBAC11-15: CBBCB16-20: BCCBCUnit Test - II1-5: BACDB（6）F. carefree （7）C. southwest （8）D. quaint（9）K. upon（10）N. pedestals （11）I. spectacular （12）L. dressed （13）A. filled （14）H. species （15）M. embroidered16-20: BAADC21-25: BDCDDU7•Textbook StudyListening1）undergoing dramatic change2）digital media culture3）embracing the new technologies 4）valuable target market5）new-media content6）digital marketplace7）academic research8）holds both promiseText BA：31B：a b c e f hgdWriting（范文示例）Concession: Despite some criticism, E-learning is changing our way of learning and even the form of education.Argument: More and more people, including researchers, teachers and of course students, hold the opinion that E-learning, instead of traditional classroom settings, should be a dominant approach to education.Reason 1: E-learning is convenient in that students can study anywhere they have access to a computer and Internet connection, thus reducing travel time and travel costs for off-campus students.Reason 2: E-learning offers the flexibility that the traditional classroom can not. Class work can be scheduled around work and family. Self-paced learning modules allow students to work at their own pace. Moreover, E-learning can accommodate different learning styles and facilitate learning through a variety of activities.Reason 3: E-learning, through developing knowledge of the Internet and computer skills, will help learners throughout their lives and careers.Conclusion: E-learning can be a good choice to supplement the traditional classroom and can also be a major form of adult education and lifelong education.•CET-Oriented StudyListening1-5: CCAACBanked Cloze（1）E. multiple（2）J. combing（3）G. fingertips（4）A. reliant（5）L. capitalize（6）N. previously（7）M. stuck（8）I. neglected（9）H. strength（10）K. respondsParagraph Translation（翻译参考）China intended to issue a digital currency as soon as possible, the central bank said Wednesday, a move that could help the yuan offset the global dominance of the US dollar and limit capital outflows. The announcement by the People’s Bank of China came as it wrapped up a symposium on digital currency in Beijing, where it discussed issuance frameworks and related technologies such as encryption. In a statement summarizing the forum and posted on its website, the bank said the currency could reduce the costs involved in circulating banknotes,facilitate economic activities and help combat money-laundering. •Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: DADCA6-10: DDCCC11-15: ADCAA16-20: BADCDUnit Test - II1-5: CAABD（6）E. comes（7）C. afford（8）G. contrast（9）F. span（10）O. cradle（11）A. get（12）L. campaigns（13）M. transformed（14）I. native（15）B. contours16-20: ABDDC21-25: BCDADU8•Textbook StudyListening1）blend together into2）lose their own distinct cultural identities3）cut off ties with their roots4）contribute something new to the society5）retain distinct cultural traits and traditionsText B1）Globalization is very much alive and well.2）Almost 56% of Asia’s exports went to markets within the region in 2012, up from 41.6% in 1990. In 1995, total trade between India and China was less than $1.1 billion; in 2012, it surged to almost $69 billion. Over that same time frame, total trade between China and Russia increased from under $5.5 billion to over $88 billion. These statistics imply that the trade of and between the developing countries like China and India has increased enormously in the recent years.3）Five pieces of evidence. These pieces of evidence are intended to prove that emerging-market companies in Asia are becoming important global players, investors and job creators.4）The pieces of evidence are: (1) American kids dance to a song by Korean singer Psy; (2) American young people read Japanese anime, drive Korean cars and eat Chinese food; (3) many Chinese Confucius Institutes have been set up around the world; (4) Indian films and Korean soap operas are popular around Asia. These pieces of evidences are intended to tell that culture is becoming increasingly globalized.5）Globalization is deepening, becoming more inclusive and more balanced between different parts of the planet.Writing（范文示例）Thesis statement: The observation of Western festivals in China is an enrichment of the Chinese culture.Pro argument 1: Observing Western festivals helps people understand and experience the charm of Western culture.Pro argument 2: Chinese people’s life is becoming more colourful through the integration of Western festivals.Pro argument 3: The observation of Western festivals promotes the integration of Western and Chinese culture.Con argument 1: The celebration of Western festivals in China would result in less attention to our traditional Chinese culture.Con argument 2: Once people become used to Western festivals, they would become ignorant of their traditional culture.Con argument 3: When Western festivals become prevalent in China, it would be difficult for us to preserve our cultural identity.Conclusion: Rather than weakening Chinese culture, the observation of Western festivals in China will enrich people’s lives with more knowledge of Western culture and facilitate the communication with the Westernworld.•CET-Oriented Study Listening1、B2、C3、D4、A5、B6、BReading Comprehension （1）I（2）M（3）B（4）D（5）L（6）F（7）C（8）G（9）K（10）EParagraph Translation（翻译参考）The rise of China is not only rise of the economic output, trade volume and overall national strength; it is also exploration, innovation and demonstration of a new development mode. It serves as an enlightening role and demonstration effect for the developing countries which account for the largest number of the world population. It will prove that a successor of the modernization may also catch up with the developed countries in a relatively short period of time and achieve industrialization and modernization quickly. “The Chinese Road” will provide rich experience and really important references for most developing countries.•Unit TestsUnit Test - I1-5: CBBDD6-10: BACBB11-15: AAABB16-20: AAACCUnit Test - II1-5: BDBAC（6）B. reversing （7）E. steam （8）M. outpaced （9）C. stalled （10）A. alive （11）F. pacts （12）I. to（13）J. developed （14）G. trading （15）K. over16-20:CBABC21-25: DBAAB。

高考英语一轮选练编题 Unit 2 The Un

手惰市安逸阳光实验学校Unit 2李仕才考点规范练(必修5Unit 2)【短文语法填空】根据短文内容，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Nowadays，there are more and more people 1.who are continuing to study to improve themselves.Here are several examples.2.Having__failed(fail) in the college entrance exam，Sun Wen took up studying 3.for a degree in the evenings and on weekends while keeping a fulltime job.Now Sun is about 4.to__graduate(graduate) with a Bachelor’s Degree and he is getting promoted because of the new 5.qualification(qualify)．Laid off from the company，Ms Tang was filled with anger and sadness.At first，she enjoyed 6.being(be) a fulltime housewife，7.but soon she got bored.Now she has learned so many new skills 8.that she is prepared to set up her own company.Grandpa Chen is 75 years old，but he is still teaching 9.himself(he) new tricks every day.He has learned how 10.to__use(use) the Internet and now he’s doing an English course on the Internet.Ⅰ.阅读理解AWhen I revealed that I was planning to travel around Britain by public transport,everyone I saw said,“Gosh,you’re brave!”but it never occurred to me to go any other way.Driving in Britain is such a dull experience these days.There are far too many cars on the road,nearly double what there were when I first came here,and in those days people didn’t actually drive their cars.They just parked them in the driveway and cleaned them once every week,or so.About twice a year they would “get the car out” for a pleasant drive to visit relatives or take a trip.Now everyone drives everywhere for everything,which I don’t understand because there isn’t a single feature of driving in Britain that has even the tiniest measure of enjoyment in it.Just consider the average multi-storey(多层的) car park.You drive around for ages,and eventually find a space that is exactly two inches wider than the average car.Then,because you are parked next to a pillar(柱子),you have to climb over the seats and end up squeezing out of the passenger door,in the process transferring all the dirt from the side of your car to the back of your smart new jacket.Then you go hunting for some distantpay-and-display machine,which doesn’t give change.And that’s just one tiny part of the driving experience.There are all the other annoyances of motoring,like traffic lights on busyroundabouts(环状交叉路) that never let you advance more than 20 feet at a time,and motorway service areas where food is much more expensive.Motorized vehicles are ugly and dirty.They occupy every pavement,turn ancient market squares into disorderly and untidy groups of metal,and cause petrol stations and other discouraging places to appear in great numbers.They are horrible and awful and I wanted nothing to do with them on this trip.1.Why did the author decide to travel by public transport?A.Because he didn’t have a car.B.Because he hated driving in Britain.C.Because he wasn’t familiar with roads in Britain.D.Because he was inspired by how people used to travel.2.What did the author mainly complain about in Paragraph 2?A.The inconvenience of parking cars.B.The unreasonable parking fees.C.The uncleanness of car parks.D.The improper use of cars.3.How is the last paragraph developed?A.By providing examples.B.By making comparisons.C.By following the order of time.D.By following the order of space.4.What would the author probably talk about in the paragraph that follows?A.The terrible places caused by vehicles.B.The bother caused by driving cars.C.His travels by public transport.D.His past driving experience.BSummer CampsMake your summer magical with a one-of-a-kind summer camp experience!Half-day,week-long camps are held from 9 am-12 pm or 1 pm-4 pm.Daily snacks(零食) will be provided and even become part of the hands-on fun!Session1—Ocean Commotion(暴动)Set sail for fun and adventure on the deep blue sea!Campers explore uncharted land at The Magic House and discover something fishy as they come into the exciting world of sea creatures.June 6-10June 13-17June 20-24Session2—Super Kids Explore EarthCampers become superheroes to the earth as they learn about theenvironment and discover how to use their super powers to protectit!During this action-packed week,campers will explore the earth from the sky to the sea and participate in fun,earth-friendly activities such as turning trash into treasure.June 27-July 1July 11-15July 18-22Session3—Once Upon A TimeAt this unique fairy tale-themed camp,campers have amagical,make-believe adventure through the pages of some of their favourite storybooks.Campers experience giant-sized fun as they use their imaginations to travel to places found only in fairy tales.July 25-29August 1-5August 8-12(am sessions only)All campers must be registered in advance.5.What does the underlined word“one-of-a-kind”in Paragraph 1 mean?A.Long.B.Unique.C.Official.D.Moving.6.What is the main purpose of Session 2?A.To encourage reading.B.To inspire imagination.C.To develop the spirit of adventure.D.To raise environmental awareness.7.What do campers probably do during Session 3?A.Read fairy stories.B.Travel the country.C.Search for treasure.D.Learn about animalsⅡ.七选五阅读Imagine getting a soft drink from a robot machine using only your smart phone. Or scanning a QR code (二维码) to buy goods from a newspaper ad.By making use of these new technologies, China mobile shopping is a bit ahead of the United States. China is still the world's largest smart phone market, even though growth is slow. It accounts for about 30 percent of the global smart phone market, and Chinese smart phone users are expected to jump from 526.8 million to 640 million in 2018, according to eMarketer. And its shoppers are using their instruments to rush to purchase a wide range of goods and services.Nearly half of all China's e-commerce sales, totaling $505.7 billion, are made with mobile devices, versus roughly one-quarter in the US, according to eMarketer. By 2019, China's mobile sales will account for 71 percent of those sales.“We don't see mobile buying staying unchangeable for the next five years,” said Monica Pearl, eMarketer's directo r of forecasting. “It'll increase because consumer behavior has changed.”Featurerich(功能多样的), cheap smart phones are also helping fuel the boom, she added.“China is, after all, a mobile first market,” explains Brian Buchwald, CEO of consumer intelligence firm Bomoda. So it has been able to go beyond other markets, which mainly used PCs for purchases.Meanwhile, the Chinese government has allowed a free-flowing retail and payments marketplace. “There are no restraints(约束),” said Michael Zakkour, vice president of China / Asia Pacific practice at Tompkins International.And that's good news for WeChat, a messaging app that's only five years old and is offered by the Internet giant Tencent. The app now has 650 million users. And a good mass of them are using the app for mobile shopping. The result is that WeChat payments, along with Alibaba's Alipay, lead the market. Because retailers can easily set up shops inside WeChat, users can plan family vacations, order a taxi or even buy clothes without going anywhere else.China is up to three years ahead of the US in mobile shopping, said Buchwald. “And it's moving faster than any other area of the economy. It's the future.”1.What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A.China has more goods than the United States.B.America's new technologies are as good as China.C.China's smart phone market is larger than that of the United States.D.American smart phone users will be ahead of Chinese in 2018.2.According to Monica Pearl, why is mobile shopping increasing in China?A.Chinese are fond of using these new technologies.B.Nearly half of all China's ecommerce sales are made with mobile devices.C.Smart phones are cheaper than any other country in the world.D.The behavior of customers has changed.3.Which best describes the Buchwald's attitude toward Chinese mobile shopping?A.Doubtful.B.Optimistic.C.Cautious.D.Worried.参考答案： 1.C; 2.D; 3.B解析： 1.[细节题。

2024年甘肃省兰州市英语模拟卷二(含解析)

兰州市英语模拟卷二（全卷共90分，考试时间90分钟）一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳答案。

A sick man asked his doctor for help. He said he was 1 to die. And he hoped the doctor could tell him how long he would live. But the doctor said he didn’t know.The man became a little angry. A few seconds later, the doctor 2his own experience.“I got cancer （癌症）ten years ago. As a doctor, I 3 knew my life might end at any moment. I had the same 4 as you. Before dying, should I live in sadness? Should I stop being a doctor and then wait for death? No. Idecided to treat every day as a gift. From then on, I spent the past tenyears in 5 meaningful things. Every day is full of wonder. 6 I don’t know the answer to your question, I believe the meaning of life is not 7 by how long it is, but by the way you live it. Your life may be shorter or longer. However, if you do something meaningful, you have made your lifeworthy. ” The patient nodded and turned his worried 8 into a happy look.The doctor is right. 9 knows what will happen in the future. After all, tomorrow is still unknown. Don’t 10 anything that is not sure. Just make the best of today.1. A. afraid B. angry C. lucky D. happy2. A. spread B. heard C. shared D. reported3. A. suddenly B. clearly C. finally D. recently4. A. chance B. decision C. result D. feeling5. A. do B. does C. doing D. to do6. A. Since B. As C. Though D. Unless7. A. expected B. decided C. finished D. developed8. A. spirit B. face C. sense D. heart9. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Nobody10. A. think B. look C. worry D. ask二、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面三段材料，根据材料内容和要求，从题后选项中选择一个最佳答案。

仁爱版九年级英语上学期期中达标测评卷(B卷)(含解析)

仁爱版九年级英语上学期期中达标测评卷（B卷）分值：100分一、单选题（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）1._____ number of people in this town is growing fast.A. TheB. AnC. /D. A2.—The population of the poor is getting smaller and smaller.—______ the government, their living conditions have improved.A.As forB.Thanks toC.As a result ofD.Thanks for3.______ of the area ______ covered by trees.A. Two-third；isB. Two thirds；isC. Two-third；areD. Two thirds；are4.The exercise goes ________ the children’s understanding. Give them an easy one.A.beyondB.withC.forD.to5.This spring has come earlier than usual, more than 10 days and even 20 days earlier in provinces ________ Fujian, Jiangxi, Guizhou and Yunnan.A.acrossB.includingC.beyondD.through6.Unless you avoid charging your cellphone all the time, the battery inside it ________ easily.A.damagesB.is damagedC.will damageD.will be damaged7.Someday in the future, medicine ________ to us in a more patient-friendly way.A.is deliveredB.has been deliveredC.will be deliveredD.was delivered8.Scientists found that dogs may know human’s feelings by ________ our breath and sweat (汗).A. tastingB. smellingC. touchingD. watching9.—What’s the ________ of your great success?—Believe in yourself and stick to what you’re doing.A.problemB.pleasureC.methodD.chance10.After three spirits visited Scrooge, the old man _________ realize the importance of living with a grateful heart.A.made toB.was made toC.was madeD.made11.—How did you deal with the money we raised last week?—We kept half of the money, and the rest _____ to charity.A. gaveB. has givenC. were givenD. was given12.No one knows what life will be like in the future, but you can use your ________ to make a picture in your mind.A.knowledgeB.inventionC.courageD.imagination13.Many satellites _____ by China. We're very proud.A. sent upB. sent intoC. were sent upD. were sent into14.—Perhaps we will live on Mars some day.—Then we can do anything _____ can be done on the earth.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. whom15.Scientists are doing experiments in order _____ to the moon s00n.A. flyB. to flyC. that flyD. to flying二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）24.A.awful B.happy C.silly25.A.in B.with C.on三、阅读理解（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）AHomelessness in AmericaDo you know Liz Murray, a bright-eyed girl? You would never guess that her life story would be the subject of a TV show called Homeless to Harvard. Liz's success is not usual. And she believes everyone can overcome difficulties. She hopes that her story will make more people know the problem of homelessness in America.Some groups think that about 3.5 million people experienced homelessness in 2007 and that 39%of them are children. While it is hard to record the correct number of homeless people, millions of men, women, and children face this kind of difficulty each year.Homelessness is harder on children than anyone else. They face pain each day and in every way of their lives. They get sick twice as much as those having homes. They usually have more stomach problems than those having homes. They don't get enough to eat. These children also have the emotional(情绪上的)problems. . Imagine how you would feel if you didn't know where you would sleep each night. That makes homeless children lose hope. They don't hope to improve their lives any more.There are some things that you can do to help homeless people. You can collect warm clothes for them. Every kind of kindness can make a big difference in them.Not every person can be like Liz Murray, but she hopes that her example will make people help the homeless people in America.根据材料内容选择最佳答案。

专题02 首字母填空(重难词汇)100题-(牛津译林版)九年级英语上册

专题02 首字母填空（重难词汇）100题期中真题+名校模拟1．—I’m going shopping and what do you need to buy?—I need a desk c________ to help me mark some important dates on it.2．We should believe that our future is s________ by ourselves.3．Many people like to keep dogs as pets because dogs are l________ to their owners.4．—What are you doing, Jack?—I am searching for something about the Blue Moon. I wonder whether it r________ something lucky. 5．—What do you think of the film? —It’s a good film in g________ , though the ending of it is a little sad. 6．—Jenny, why do you walk to school instead of riding a bike?—To lose the e________ weight.7．—Oh, my God! She owns such a fantastic car! —That’s all because of her rich family. After all, she was b________ with a silver spoon in her mouth.8．I don’t think this book is s________ for children because there are many new words in it.9．The headmaster will give us a s________ on how to learn English well this morning.10．I have got a chance to study abroad this term, and it was too good an opportunity to m________ . 11．Confucius was a p________ in the field of education.12．Tom doesn’t like math. N______ do I.13．She is so kind that we can always feel the w________ from her heart.14．The school bus is important to the students’ e________ life.15．Television has a strong i________ on people. We’d better use it properly.16．Watching English films is a good m________ to improve your English.17．We’ll d________ who did it.18．All the staff of the company must wear s________ on weekdays.19．You are r________ by law to wear a seat belt.20．Think it over before you make an important d________.21．Don’t be too nervous. You should be r________ before exams.22．The manager of the factory p________ that all the products will be in customers’ hands in one day.23．This painting is one of Matisse’s greatest w__________.24．Experts need to find out the causes of the flight accident after d________ the two black boxes of the MU5735. 25．As students, we should have the c________ to go into the teacher’s office to ask questions.26．I am pleased that he gladly a________ our invitation.27．I asked him twice, but he didn’t r________ to my question.28．I hope to go to medical school eventually. In the meanwhile (这期间), I am going to study c________. 29．Read a________ and you will improve your spoken English little by little.30．His grammar is good, but his p________ isn’t too good.31．Very few people can p________ my name correctly.32．Dave reads English a__________ for an hour every morning.33．Please give me my glasses. I can h_____ see the words on the blackboard.34．I really tried my best on the math exam. My mother is satisfied with my p________.35．Some people mistakenly believe that work isn’t w_____ doing unless you get something in return. 36．Tara said she wanted to watch a movie. Her parents nodded in a________.37．To his s________, his father agreed with him to watch the football match together.38．We must do something a________ the air pollution.39．It’s raining cats and dogs outside. Why not wait here u_________ the rain stops?40．She won a silver m________ in the swimming competition.41．Mary has to r________ in bed because she has broken her leg.42．I will wait at the school gate u________ I see you.43．Come to the front with c________ and show your talent, Peter.44．Every Chinese hoped Liu Xiang would get a new gold m________ at the Beijing Olympics.45．He described the move as a v________ for the people of South Africa.46．They reviewed for the test t________ late at night.47．As a student, it’s not easy to get good s________ this time because the exam is too difficult. 48．—Miss Wang, I feel very nervous about the coming competition.—Take it easy. As long as you can finish it, it is a v________.49．The war b________ out between Russia and Ukraine and has caused a lot of problems.50．Even t________ it rains cats and dogs, I will go.51．Mr Chen will p________ the prize （颁奖）to Jane for her hard work.52．They had to stay at home b________ their mothers didn’t allow them to go out.53．The Chinese government is trying to c________ the rising house costs.54．Can you tell me the names of the o________ in English in this room?55．Do you want to go out for a walk t________?56．Mother v________ good manners.57．A child should be p________ when he is successful.58．China is widely k________ for its tea.59．Mr. Green often p________ Lisa for her hard work at the meeting.60．The story of Chang’e is one of the traditional f________ stories in China.61．Their new manager, Bob Melvin, is a h_____ respected, experienced leader who can bring that clubhouse together.62．The famous m_________ will come to China soon.63．After many years’ hard work, she r________ her dream of winning a gold medal in the Olympics.64．Her ways of solving problems are d________ from mine.65．The s________ is a perfect dream when you see the sun rising slowly in the east.66．We’ll have a picnic near the river tomorrow u________ it rains heavily.67．Kim Soo Hyun has millions of f________ in China. Most of them are teenagers.68．We r________ yesterday’s party on video. You can watch it if you like.69．Lucy had a traffic accident on her way home. Luckily, she was not hurt, and just got s________.70．Don’t w________ water. Please turn off the tap after you wash your hands.71．— The d________ of the movie is really famous.— Yes. One of his most famous works is The Wondering Earth.72．I can’t make a decision u_________ I have the first-hand information about the project.73．Lucy always feels n________ when her teachers ask her questions.74．The magazine has picked out some events that happened last year and will i________ our world for years to come.75．T________ it is raining hard, they are still working on the farm.76．They had c_________ the sports meeting before it rained.77．About 70 million sharks are traded in this i____ every year.78．The event m________ the beginning of Hepburn’s successful career.79．As we all know no one can make his dream come true without e_______.80．The f______ test is coming.81．A______ the one-hundred-year- old man Guan Yinghan from Shenyang is not very rich , he has donated morethan 100,000 yuan to Committee of the Red Cross to help others.82．We should find a nearby p________ lot. We can’t stop our car here.83．Aron Ralster’s story is so i________that we have all made up our mind to learn from him and never to give up when in difficulties.84．During the evening r________ hour, there is always heavy traffic in this street.85．This road can l____________ you to the museum.86．The woman has been in p________ for murder for sixteen years.87．The swimmer set a r________ by winning five gold medals at the event.88．It is believed that health is above w_________.89．There will be a strong wind this evening. Please s________ the windows and l________ the door before leaving.90．The doctor is helping the patient clean the w________ with a piece of cloth.91．—Jane has made a lot of money since the company was set up. But she’s really tired out.—Loss of health is more serious than loss of w________.92．For your s________, you mustn’t play football on the road.93．Sorry, I don’t know the way you ask. I am a s________ here.94．I don’t know the answer. You can ask Lisa. She p________ knows it.95．He planned to s________ the money, but his action was discovered by the policeman.96．Tom’s bike is here. I s________ he must be in the library.97．The b________ is the leader of a company.98．She s________ her eyes and fell asleep very soon.99．They w_________ what the result of the match was.100．A thief was seen running out of the j__________ shop at about 9:00 last night.参考答案：1．(c)alendar【详解】句意：——我要去购物，你需要买什么？——我需要一个台历，帮我在上面标记一些重要的日期。

2015年12月六级真题答案(含三套)

2015年12月六级真题答案（完整版）六级翻译中国减贫China is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community to eliminate extreme poverty by 2030。

China has lifted as many as four hundred million people out of poverty, since the implementation of the reform and opening upin the late 1970s. In the next five years，China will provide supports to other developing countries in reducing poverty, development education，agricultural modernization, environmental protection and medical care，etc。

China has seen notable improvements in reducing poverty，and has madeunremitting efforts in promoting economic growth。

This will encourage otherpoor countries to strike back challenges when developing themselves。

Whenpursuing the developing path with their own characteristics , these countries can learn from China’sexperience.2答案：Recently, the Chinese government decided to upgrade its industry. China is now involved in the construction of high-speed trains, ocean—going vessels, robots, and even aircrafts. Not long ago，China obtained the contract for construction of a high—speed rail in Indonesia. It has also signed a contract with Malaysia to provide high—speed trains. This proves that people have faith in China—made products. China—made products are gaining popularity, for which China has paid a price。

【新高考】2021高考英语人教版一轮考评特训：话题九体育(B) Word版含解析

话题九体育（B）Ⅰ.阅读理解A［2020·大同市高三学情调研测试]What is the small sided soccer?The small sided soccer starts with games of 3。

on。

3 from the youngest participants and progresses to 4on.4，7。

on7, 11.on。

11，in a graduated manner for the older groups. OUT school's training course will give kids a better chance to take part in the game and get excited about the game of soccer。

The small sided approach gives each child more individualized attention so they can each improve their skills。

And, it’s FUN！Some general practical information• The cafeteria is open.• We supply participants with soccer clothes and boots。

• Please bring a water bottle for your child。

Team Saturday SundayTykes10：00－11:00PeeWees 11：00－11：50BoysE＆F12：30－14:0013：00－14：00Girls12:30－14:30CostsThe cost is $ 70 per month for Tykes and PeeWees and ＄115 for all the other teams.Those who enter online will get a 10％discount。

2024年吉林省中考英语真题(含解析)

吉林省2024年初中学业水平考试英语试题全卷满分90分。

考试时间为100分钟。

一、语言知识运用（共35分）Ⅰ.从每小题所给的三个选项中，选出一个正确答案。

（10分）1. Look! The students in Class One _________ a class meeting. It’s about good habits.A. haveB. are havingC. had2. Alice lives a healthy life. She _________ stays up late.A. hardlyB. alwaysC. often3. When we read books in the library, we should keep _________ there.A. lovelyB. tiredC. quiet4. Tony turns off the shower to save _________ while he is washing his hair.A. timeB. paperC. water5. There is _________ river near our school. We never throw rubbish into it.A. theB. aC. /6. Running is getting popular. It is good for our health and it costs _________.A. nothingB. everythingC. anything7. Tina can _________ her bedroom by herself. She doesn’t need her parents’ help.A. get upB. clean upC. cut up8. Mary plays light music _________ her free time to enjoy the beauty of music.A. inB. atC. on9. Bob watches the news every night _________ he wonders what’s going on around the world.A. althoughB. becauseC. unless10. —Can you tell me _________?—Sure. By taking notes and watching English films.A. why we can learn English wellB. when we can learn English wellC. how we can learn English wellⅡ.从选项中选择正确选项，其中有一个选项与对话内容无关。

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E-government：What can China learn from Europe?Wang XinxinCentral China Normal University，Information Management Department，Wuhan 430079Ales GroznikUniversity of Ljubljana，Faculty of Economics，Ljubljana 1000，Slovenia[Abstract]This article compares China with EuropeanUnion(EU)in e—government readiness and e·participation．The research shows that China has made remarkable progress in recent years．Nevertheless．EU is still leading in thee-government development．Then based on the further analysis of the e—government implementation experiences in EU，we propose some suggestions for the future development ofe-government in China．[Keywords]e-government government online project(GOP)eEumpe The rapid development of modem information andcommunication technologies (ICTs) is having far-reaching effects on all aspects of modem life．The advent of e-government has been one of the main impacts of ICTs on the governments．In China，e-government introduction officially started on Jan．22，1999 when government online project(GOP)was formally launched by China Telecom and the State Economic and Trade Commission’s Economic Information Centre along with the Information Offices of more than 40 central government departments‘1’．The goal of the project is to establish the basis for the development of e-government in China ,provide more effective coordination between and across governments at different levels，increase public access to government information while reducing government expenses by increasing administrative efficiency，promote procurement of goods and services online，and enhance the informatization of the economy and society in China[1]．Not like the independent e-government strategy of China，the e-government strategy of Europe is included in eEurope programme ．On Dec．8，1999，the European Commission launched eEurope initiative，which proposes ambitious targets to bring the benefits of the Information Society within reach of all Europeans[21．In order to achieve those targets，EuropeanCommission drew up the“eEurope 2002 action plan”in 2000 and this was strengthened by the“eEurope 2005 action plan”in 2002[3]．E-government is an important part of eEurope and its action plan，the aim of e-government is to make public information more easily accessible by extending and simplifying Internet access，ensure inclusion and security in online public service delivery，provide multilingual content and make it available on various platforms to promotee-government[2—3|．1 E-government in Europe and ChinaIn this article，we perform an analysis of e-government in Europe and China．The statistical data for our analysis mainly come from the “ Global e-government readiness report ”published by United Nations Department of Economics and Social Affairs (UNDESA)[4] and official statistics of Europe and China．1．1 E-government readinessE-government readiness index is a composite measurement of the capacity and willingness of countries to use e-government for ICT—led development[4]．Besides the assessment of governmentwebsite development patterns in a country(web measure index)，e-government readiness index also takes telecommunication infrastructure index and human capital index into count．Table 1 E-government readiness index：EU and ChinaSource：UNDESA，2004．The term‘EUl5’refers to the 15 countries that formed the European Union (EU) until the end of April 2004，while‘EU25’refers to the current 25 member states of EU．From Table 1 we can see that both EU and China made some progress in e-government．The China’s e-government readiness index increased from 0．416 to 0．436，and its global rank also increased from 74 to 67．According to UNDESA[4]---“Improving access of public services to more than a billion people ata pace that places it further ahead in global e-government rankings than last year is a major feat．”But China’s e-readiness index was still below the mean of EUl5(0．734)and EU25 (0．681)．From Table 1 we can also see the specific indicators：China’s web measure index．This is the main factor leading to the change of e-government readiness index，which improved from 0．332 to 0．405，but still lagged behind that of EUl5(0．656)and EU25(0．600)，respectively．Both telecommunication infrastructure index and human capital index changed very little from 2003 to 2004．EU member states showed sound foundation of human capital，the mean human capital index of EUl5 and EU25 were 0．966 and 0．950 respectively，higher than China(0．790)．And the gap between China and Europe in telecommunication infrastructure was even bigger：it(0．111)was around 1／5 of EUl5(0．580)and 1／4 ofEU25(0．493)．1．2 E-participationThe e-participation index assesses the quality，usefulness and relevancy of the information and services and the willingness of countries to engage citizens in public policy making through the use of the e-government programs[4]．Table 2 E-participation index：EU and ChinaSource：UNDESA，2004As we can see from Table 2，during the increment of China’s e-participation index(from 0．069 to 0．082)，both EUl5 and EU25 declined a little．Nevertheless，the large gap between China and Europe still existed．2 What Can China learn from Europe?2．1 Setting up an action plan to support strategyChina’s GOP is supposed to be a three-stage project and its ultimate objective is to make government offices and agencies become paperless．The GOP itself is an ambitiousproject ． Nevertheless，there is no specific and consecutive plan to support this project．In comparison，the European Council set up the eEurope action plan which is to ensure that the targets of eEurope are reached by defining the necessary measures．In the e-government part，not only challenge and eEurope response are stated，the action，actors and deadline are also clearly declared．Table 3 is an example of concrete action plan．Table 3 eEurope action plan——E·government partAction Actor(s) DeadlineSource：eEurope 2002 action plan，2000Comparing with eEurope and its action plan，China’s GOP lacks of a practical and consecutive scheme to achieve its aim．In order to make further progress，China government needs to set up an action plan like eEurope，specifying the responsibility of each participant and defining the necessary measures．2．2 Strengthening central co—ordinationCentral co—ordination is a feature of Europeane-government strategy，which can bring strategies from different agencies together，ensure compatibility and reduce duplication[5]．EU has a framework for the exploitation of public sectorinformation．The e-government strategy of each member state should comply with the framework．In practice，member states and the European Commission have been co-operating in this area through the interchange of data between administrations(IDA) programme which was used as a basis to develop pan-European services and exchange best practices．In addition，new applications have been developed through the EU framework programme，which have the potential to support innovative solutions[2|．What’s more，there are also central co-ordination systems inside the member states of EU．Italy，for example，launched a nation-wide network of regional competence centres (RCCs) for the development of e-government at the beginning of 2002．The general objectives of RCCs project are：[5] supporting regional and local actors in defining and implementinge-government programmes and projects，while ensuring coherence with the national strategy；identifying and developing construction；promoting and supporting collaboration among the different levels of government within and across regions．Now all local governments in China arc implementing GOP，but a lack of co—ordination and standardization leads to a large amount of repetitive work，waste of money and even the formationof information islands[6]． An e-government cooperation system will surely resolve those problems in certain degree．2．3 Improving telecommunication infrastructure and ServiceAlthough China has made remarkable progress，China is still faced with the arduous task of modernizing telecommunications infrastructure and service in comparison with EU．One problem is the low penetration：until December 2004，the penetration of fixed phone and mobile phone is 24％and 25％ respectively [7] ．while that of Internet is only 7．3％[8]．Another problem is disparity of telecommunication infrastructure：according to Ministry of Information Industry(MII)and China Internet Network Information Center(CNNIC)，the rural telephone penetration rate is about 13％，and 1／3 of the urban level；And the percentage of phone lines of east，middle and western provinces is 48％，32％and 20％，respectively[7]；while the percentage of Internet users of east，middle and western provinces is 53％，26％and 21％，respectively[8|．So it is clear that the funds and talents of the telecommunications industry flow unevenly．Competition，as experienced from Europe，is an effectiveway to improve basic infrastructure and service．Lower prices are especially important for a quick take up of the high-speed multimedia，Internet access has been made available by new technologies[2]． Actually，China itself has benefited from competition．After two market reorganizations in China’s telecommunication，there are currently 6 major telecommunication service providers．The overall market structure has now taken the shape of competition and brought some benefits both to customers and industry：quality of service has been improved significantly，service charges have been continuously dropping and new technologies and services have been introduced quickly into the market[9|．However，there is still insufficient competition in certain areas of the telecommunications industry，especially in the basic telecommunications services area，so continuing reform appears to be necessary to address this issue[9].While，the problem of disparity，cannot be solved by competition，since the private investment alone cannot bring profit to rural area． So the central government investments are urgently needed to help the telecommunication infrastructures in middle and western provinces and some rural areas． According to suggestion of European Commission，theinvestment must be．Made in a way that does not distort competition and is technologically neutral；In addition，the amount of the investments must be determined by each region on the basis of their particular economic and social structure[2]．2．4 Providing people with necessary ICT skillsIn the information and digital economy，people produce，disseminate and use knowledge and information．Human capacity is one of the main factors affecting the roll out ofe-government in a country．But in China，40．1％of surveyed people(the survey made by CNNIC)do not surf Internet because they are unable to use computer／Interact[8]．So providing people with necessary ICT skills is a current task for government．When Europe faced this problem，they first set up special plan for youth and employees．For youth，the most important plan is to provide all schools，teachers and students with convenient access to the Internet and multimedia resources and training to all teachers，in particular by adapting teacher curricula to motivate teachers to actually use digital technologies in teaching．For employees，the labor force have chance to becomedigitally literate through life-long learning，increasing information technology training places and courses，and promoting network of leaning and training centers for demand-driven ICT training and retraining of postgraduates[2|．When China carried out the training plan to youth，teachers and employees，special fund is needed to support the training action，for example，the expense of adapting schools to the requirements of the digital age should not be loaded on other priorities；the ensurement of employability and adaptability in the new economy，particularly by providing skills and transforming work organization，lies in the member states and the social partners；cooperation and links ought to be encouraged among all participants (firms，financial markets，universities，non-profit organizations，workers，citizens and government)．2．5 Advocating and encouraging the use of e-governmentAlthough e-government is a popular word today，according to the survey made by CNNIC，only 14．1％of Chinese Internet users know well about e-government，38．7％understand a little，36．2％have heard of it but do not understand its real meaning．and15．4％of them even never heard of it[8|．So ,besides improving the e-government level，government needs take some measures to encourage people to know and use more about e-government．This could be realized in two aspects．First，advocating e-government is necessary．Such as in Estonia in the process of implementation Tiger Leap[5] (a multi-sector programme with the overall objective to create an e-society in Estonia)，the Estonia was an outspoken advocate for the Internet，and this greatly influenced the success of the initiative．And the media attention given to the programme ensured that Estonians heard about the Internet even if they had never used it themselves，and it reinforced the feeling that Internet access was something important．Second，policy is also an effective measure to encourage people to take part in e-government．United Kingdom，Denmark，Finland and Estonia，the world leading e-participation countries，all had a clear e-government policy statement encouraging people to participate in public policy making，allowed feedback as a policy and provided online consultation facility[4]．Besides，Austria，Belgium，France，Germany，Netherlands and Sweden also had some similar policies to support e-participation．From this point，China needs to makesimilar policy to encourage more people to take part ine-government．2．6 Establishing a monitoring and evaluation systemIt is necessary to monitor and evaluate e-government to understand demand，assess the benefits to users of alternative proposals and evaluate the effectiveness of proposals in meeting their objectives[5]．Recognizing the importance of monitoring and evaluation，the special committee of EU--Statistical Indicators Benchmarking the Information Society(SIBIS) was launched to develop and collect reliable and appropriate statistics previously unavailable in this field for all 25 EU member states，Switzerland and the USA．The SIBIS project had the objectives to[10]：provide a conceptual and methodological framework for mapping and benchmarking information society developments；take stock of existing statistical concepts and data sources in this field and check their suitability to meet user requirements；pilot new statistical indicators which take account of the rapidly changing nature of e-Europe；provide selected data as a benchmarking reference point；and contributeto the development of policy in the area．The member states of EU also take some measures to evaluate their e-government services．The Office for National Statistics (ONS) in United Kingdom has used a number of means to better understand customers’ need．Throughout 2001，customer-segmented focus groups examined its product portfolios，the type of data provided and ways to deliver it -- on paper or electronically via the website．For example，customers were segmented by types and frequencies they used the data．On the basis of this research，the ONS decided how to deliver data and services for each group．The ONS launched a new website in 2001 after conducting the focus groups and laboratory usability test in order to understand how its users navigated to find the information they needed [5]．Chinese government also made two surveys on e‘government in 2003 and 2004，but both targets and indicators were limited．It is necessary for Chinese government to set up a monitoring and evaluation system，so China can benchmark other countries in the whole range，as well as all provinces of China can benchmark each other3 ConclusionIn order to narrow the digital gap and avoid being discarded from information society，Chinese government should learn the experiences of EU and take the above--mentioned measures to improve the development of e-government．References：1 Government online project．Review and prospect of the government online project(in Chinese)．[2004—12—15]．http：／／www．gov．cn／govonlinereview／6future／01．htm2 Eueopean Commison．eEurope 2002：An information society for a11．[2005—01—19]．http：／／www．vlada．cz／1250／eng／vrk ／rady／sip／dokumenty／com2000_0330en01．pdf3 Eueopean Commison．eEurope 2005：An information society for a11．[2005—01—19]．http：／／europa．eu．int／information —society／eeurope／2002／news_library／documents／eeumpe2005／eeurope2005——en．pdf4 UNDESA．UN Global E—government Readiness Report 2004：Towards access for opportunity．[2005一01—19]．http：／／UNDESAl．an．org／intradec／groups／public／documents／un／UNDESA019207．pdf5 OECD．OECD e—government studies：The e—govemment imperative．Paris：OECD Publications，2003：94—99，134—1486 Wu Jiang．7Ihe development and countermeasure on Chinae-government in future 10 years(in Chinese)．[2004—11—23]．http：／／www．CCW．COUl．cn／applie／forum／htm2004／20040317——llFPN—．3．asp。