全国自考《英语词汇学》试题及答案
2018年10月高等教育自学考试《英语词汇学》试题
2018年10月高等教育自学考试《英语词汇学》试题2018年10月高等教育自学考试《英语词汇学》试题课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. One point is given to each correct choice. (1% X 30 = 30% )1. Which of the following can NOT be defined as a word?A. manB. forC. mentD. blackmail2. The differences between sound and form are NOT due toA. innovations made by linguistsB. stabilization of spelling by printingC. influence of the work of scribesD. the fact of more phonemes than letters in English3. Words may fall into native words and borrowed words byA. notionB. originC. functionD. use frequency4. means an old form which takes on a new meaning to meet the new need.A. BorrowingB. CreationC. Semantic changeD. Loaning5. The language used between 1150 and 1500 is calledEnglish.A. OldB. MiddleC. ContemporaryD. Modern6. In Middle English vocabulary, we can find words relating to every aspect of human society, e.g. government, law, food, fashion and so on. Which of the following words does NOT belong to them?A. wechatB. baconC. judgeD. power7. Structurally, many words can be separated into even smaller meaningful units. For example, denaturalization can be broken down intoA. de-, natura-, lize-, ationB. dena-, ture, al-, lize, ationC. de-, nature, al, ize, ationD. de-, natu, real, ize, ation8. The morpheme of plurality/-s/is pronounced as/s/in cats,/z/in bags, and/iz/in matches. This example showsA. morphemes are abstract unitsB. allomorphs are phonetically conditioned and thus predictableC. morphs are actual spoken, minimal carriers of meaningD. monomorphemic words coincide with words and function freely in a sentence9. Which of the following words is the example of free morphemes?A. menB. teethC. workerD. anger10. The following words have prefixes of time or order EXCEPTA. bilingualB. ex-studentC. foretellD. post-election11..4 green hand is an "inexperienced person", not a hand that is green in color. This exampleshows that compounds are different from free phrases in feature.A. phoneticB. semanticC. grammaticalD. lexical12. Omnibus has given way to its shortened form bus. This is the example of in word formation.A. acronymyB. clippingC. compoundingD. conversion13. , which is beyond language, is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.A. ReferenceB. MotivationC. SenseD. Concept14. The following words are onomatopoetically motivated EXCEPTA. blowB. quackC. miaowD. hiss15. The meanings of many words often relate directly to their origins. In this sense, words havemotivation.A. onomatopoeicB. morphologicalC. semanticD. etymological16. From a synchronic point of view, the basic meaning of a word is theA. primary meaningB. derived meaningC. central meaningD. secondary meaning17. Which of the following is NOT the derived meaning of the word face?A. The front of the head.B. Outward aspect.C. A surface of a thing.D. The expression of the countenance.18. Which of the following pairs are absolute synonyms?A. large/tremendousB. stagger/reelC. alter/varyD. scarlet-fever/scarlatina19. The process by which a word which originally had a specialized meaning has now become generalized is of word-meaning.A. transferB. elevationC. narrowingD. extension20. reason is reflected in the meaning change of the word computer, from "a person who computes" to "electronic machine".A. ClassB. HistoricalC. ScientificD. Psychological21. Which of the following is the internal factor within the language system that causes changes in word-meaning?A. AnalogyB. ContrastC. Historical reasonD. Psychological need22. As most words have more than one meaning, it is often impossible to tell the meaning of a word before it is used inA. contextB. textsC. conversationD. writing23. That the word do means differently in "do a city", "do a sum" and "do the flowers" shows that context affects the meaning of words.A. extra-linguisticB. grammaticalC. lexicalD. semantic24. Which of the following is NOT the role of context?A. Elimination of ambiguity.B. Indication of referents.C. Provision of clues for inferring word-meaning.D. Simplification of meaning.25. Which of the following is a true idiom?A. make friends withB. break silenceC. in the rawD. turn over a new leaf26. Among the following idioms," "is an idiom adverbial in nature.A. flesh and bloodB. up in the airC. as poor as a church mouseD. tooth and nail27. All of the following are stylistic features EXCEPTA. colloquialismsB. slangC. literary expressionsD. rhymes28. In the headword or entries are defined and illustrated in the same language.A. monolingual dictionariesB. bilingual dictionariesC. linguistic dictionariesD. encyclopedia dictionaries29. Usage notes and language notes in a dictionary explain the following EXCEPTA. important British and American differencesB. difficult points of grammar and styleC. information concerning the origins of wordsD. the slight differences between words of similar meanings30. The following are some unique features of Collins COBUILD English Language Dictionary EXCEPTA. definitionB. extra columnC. usage examplesD. clear grammarII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (1.5% × 10 = 15%)31. It is generally agreed that the written form of a natural language is the written record of theform.32. After the Romans, the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes came and dominated the British Isles. Now people generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as English.33. Morphemes which are independent of other morphemes are morphemes.34. Comic means "of comedy", while comical means "funny". This example shows that both-ic and -ical can be affixed to the same stem, but differ in35. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of relationship with other expressions in the language.36. Words like bear which means both "a large heavy animal" and "to put up with" are called37. The process by which the word wife used to mean"woman" but now means "a married woman" is of word-meaning.38. Linguistic context includes context, where the meanings of a word may be influenced by the structure in which it occurs.39. Unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent , as is shown in the idiom "in a brown study", which cannot be changed into "in a brown hall".40. For beginners, and elementary and lower-intermediate learners, a dictionary is essential as they do not know enough of the target language to understand fully a monolingual dictionary.III. Define the following terms with one or two sentences. (3% × 5 = 15%)41. borrowed words42. stem43. associative meaning44. degradation45. dismembering (of idioms)IV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. (5% × 4 = 20%)46. What are the three main sources of new words in Present-day English?47. In what way are the underlined words formed in the following sentences?1) He wolfed down his lunch.2) There is no milk in the fridge.3) The headmaster is an easy-going man.4) You have to show your ID before checking in the hotel.5) I promised to babysit for my neighbor this weekend.48. What are the types of antonyms? Explain the types of antonyms with the following example words: sell/buy, same/different, old/young.49. How are context clues used in the sentence "The village had most of the usual amenities: a pub, a library, a post office, a village hall, a medical centre, and a school."?V. Analyze and comment on the following. (10% × 2 = 20%)50. 1) nickname n.→to nickname2) bottle-feeding n.→to bottle-feedUse the above examples to discuss in what way compound verbs are generally formed?51. Illustrate the differences between synonyms by analyzing the following groups of synonyms.1) rich and wealthy2) ask, beg and request3) allow and let。
2020年7月全国自考英语词汇学试题及答案解析
全国自考2018年7月英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Which of the following words does NOT belong to terminology? ( )A. Penicillin.B. Algebra.C. Symphony.D. Knife.2. In the sentence “I like to see a movie.”, there are ________ functional words. ( )A.2B.3C.4D.53. Of the characteristics listed for the basic word stock, the most important is ________. ( )A. all national characterB. productivityC. polysemyD. collocability4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the following EXCEPT ________. ( )A. fast foodB. TV dinnerC. tahiniD. Watergate5. The prehistoric ________ parent language is thought to be a highly inflected language, which English originated from. ( )A. PrussianB. Indo-EuropeanC. CzechD. Russian6. The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped1into the ________ set and the Western set. ( )A. EasternB. AfricanC. AmericanD. Northern7. The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /z/ after the following sounds EXCE PT ________. ( )A./z/B./g/C./d/D./b/8. The word “recollection” comprises ________ morphemes. ( )A.1B.2C.3D.49. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT ________. ( )A. worksB. workerC. workingD. worked10. “Dis-” in the word “disloyal” is a ________ prefix. ( )A. negativeB. reversativeC. pejorativeD. locative11. The word “AIDS” is a(n) ________. ( )A. initialismB. acronymC. derivativeD. compound12. The word “smog” is created b y blending, with the structure of ________. ( )A. head + tailB. head + headC. head + wordD. word + tail13. So far as stylistic meaning is concerned, “residence” is ________. ( )A. neutralB. informalC. colloquialD. formal14. Words which are used to show the attitude of approval are ________. ( )2A. appreciativeB. pejorativeC. connotativeD. collocative15. “Pavement” in British English and “sidewalk” in American English have the same ________.( )A. motivationB. collocationC. senseD. connotation16. A common feature peculiar to all natural languages is ________. ( )A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. monosemyD. polysemy17. In both CCELD and LDCE, the most frequently used meaning of the word “gay” is ________.( )A. joyous and lively, merry, happyB. homosexualC. given to social life and pleasureD. bright, brilliant18. All the following words can be used as an antonym to the word “clear” EXCEPT ________.( )A. dirtyB. fussyC. guiltyD. ambiguous19. The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT ________. ( )A. influx of borrowingB. analogyC. psychological factorsD. shortening20. A good example of ________ is the word “manuscript”, which now means “writing by hand or typed with a type-writer or a word-processor”, but its original meaning was3“handwriting” only.( )A. degradationB. elevationC. narrowingD. extension21. In the sentence “Never run towards a dangerous animal.”, the word “dangerous” is used in the ________ sense of transfer. ( )A. subjectiveB. objectiveC. sensationalD. physical22. The sentence “They saw her duck.” is ambiguous due to ________. ( )A. grammatical contextB. lexical contextC. antonymyD. hyponymy23. The following are types of context EXCEPT ________. ( )A. linguistic contextB. non-linguistic contextC. syntactical contextD. extra-linguistic context24. In the sentence “The village had most of the usual ameniti es: a pub, a library, a post office,a village hall, a medical centre, and a school.” The meaning of amenity can be inferred from the clue of ________. ( )A. relevant detailsB. word structureC. antonymyD. hyponymy25. The idiom “hustle and bustle” is a ________ as far as rhetorical features of idioms are concerned. ( )A. simileB. repetitionC. reiterationD. personification26. Sentence idioms embrace the following sentence types EXCEPT ________. ( )A. declarative sentenceB. interrogative sentenceC. imperative sentenceD. simple sentence27. “Beyond the pale” is an idiom ________ in nature. ( )4A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial28. The following are the types of dictionary EXCEPT ________. ( )A. monolingual dictionaries and bilingual dictionariesB. linguistic and encyclopedic dictionariesC. specialized dictionariesD. Chinese and English dictionaries29. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980) is a(n) ________ dictionary. ( )A. specializedB. deskC. pocketD. encyclopedic30. Usage notes of the dictionary explain the following aspects EXCEPT ________. ( )A. literal meanings of the wordsB. difficult points of grammar and styleC. important British and American differencesD. slight differences between words of similar meaningsII. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of vocabulary by notion; 2) sources of synonyms; 3) types of motivation; and 4) types of transfer. (10%)A B( ) 31. morphological motivation A. laconic meaning “brief” or “short”( ) 32. associated transfer B. the foot of the mountain( ) 33. borrowing C. squeak/hiss( ) 34. etymological motivation D. You should address your remarks to the chair. ( ) 35. notional words E. charm/glamour( ) 36. abstract to concrete F. black market/greenhorn5( ) 37. semantic motivation G. occupation/walk of life( ) 38. figurative use H. fire/flame/conflagration( ) 39. regional English I. This teaching assistant is an efficient help.( ) 40. onomatopoeic motivation J. cloud/yellowIII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)41. As defined in terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or ________ of sounds which are made voluntarily with human vocal equipment.42. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, ________ and borrowing.43. The ________ is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.44. Suffixation generally changes the grammatical function or word ________ of stems of words.45. ________ indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in question.46. Relative synonyms or ________ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.47. There are generally ________ major factors that cause changes in meaning.48. Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ________ or non-linguistic context.49. Unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent ________.50. Three good general dictionaries are LDCE, CCELD and ________.IV. Define the following terms. (10%)51. bound root52. prefixation53. pejoration34. homophone655. grammatical contextV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)56. What are the types of morphemes?57. What is conceptual meaning of a word? Give an example to illustrate your point.58. Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the changes in word meaning. State your reason with one example.Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.59. What is semantic unity of idioms? Explain it with one example.VI. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)60. Comment on the following 2 groups of words or sentences to illustrate the semantic features and grammatical features of compounds.Group 1: “red meat/hot dog”Group 2: “He bad-mouthed me. / major generals”61. Analyze and comment on the following two pairs of sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates:[a]Trees surround the water near our summer place.[b]Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.[a]I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.[b]I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of Senator Buckley.7。
大学英语专业词汇学试题
大学英语专业词汇学试题2000年4月全国自学考试--英语词汇学试卷及答案第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%）1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form.（）A. moreB. littleC. lessD. gradual2..Both LDCE and CCELD are _______.（）A. general dictionariesB. monolingual dictionariesC. both A and BD. neither A and B3. The word "MINISKIRT" is _______.（）A.morphologically motivatedB. etymologically motivatedC. semantically motivatedD. none of the above4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______.（）A.borrowingB. semantic changeC. creation of new wordsD. all the above5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________.（）A.generalizedB. expandedC. elevatedD. degraded6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than onemorph according to their position in word.（）A.alternative morphsB. single morphsC. abstract unitsD. discrete units7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian.（）A.ItalicB. GermanicC. CelticD. Hellenicpounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______.A. semanticsB. grammarC. phoneticsD. lexicology9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______.（）A. repetitionB. alliterationC. rhymeD. none of the above10.Which of the following words is a functional word?（）A. OftenB. NeverC. AlthoughD. Desk11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______.（）A.semantic unityB. structural stabilityC. idiomatic variationD. figure of speech12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______.（）e idioms correctly and appropriatelyB. understand idioms correctlyC. remember idioms quicklyD. try a new method of classification13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______.（）A. long（not short）B. ball（a dancing party）C. rock（rock'n'roll）D. ad（advertisement）14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______.（）A.the influx of borrowingB. repetitionC. analogyD. shortening15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context?（）A. Words and phrases.B. SentencesC. Text or passageD. Time and place第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%）16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________.17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________.ELD is a ________________ dictionary.19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river",the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated.20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context.Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to1)types of meaning changes;2)types of meaning;3)language branches and4)meaning and context.（10%） A B21.Scandinavian（） l（place where things are made）22.Germanic（）B.grammatical23.extension（）C.double meaning24.narrowing（）D.Swedish25.linguistic（）prehend/understand26.ambiguity（）F.Dutch27.participants（）G.degermined28.difference in denotation（）H.pigheaded29.appreciative（）I.non-linguistic30.pejorative（）J.iron（a device for smoothing clothes）Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and types of word formation or prefixes.（10%）31.predict（）32.motel（）33.potatoes（）34.blueprint（）35.preliminaries（）36.Southward（）37.demilitarize（）38.hypersensityve（）39.retell（）40.multi-purposes（）Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%） 41.acronymy 42.native words 43.elevation 44.stylistic meaning 45.monolingral dictionaryⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.（12%）46.How many types of motivation are there in English? Give ONE example for each type.47.What are the major sources of English synonyms? Illustrate your points.48.What are the clues generally provided in verbal context? Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.（18%）49.analyze the morphological structures of following words and point out the types of the morphemes.Recollection, nationalist, unearthly 50.Pick out the idioms in the following extract and explain its origin and the effect of using this form."Well, it's the old story of the stitch in time," he said.。
英语词汇学试卷
英语词汇学试卷 第三部分全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题 1. 2000年全国高自考英语词汇学试卷 第一部分选择题 Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.（30%） （）1.In Old English there was _______ agreement between sound form. A. more B. little C. less D. gradual （）2.Both LDCE and CCELD are _______. A. general dictionaries B. monolingual dictionaries C. both A and B D. neither A and B （）3.The word "MINISKIRT" is _______. A. morphologically motivated B. etymologically motivated C. semantically motivated D. none of the above （）4.The most important way of vocabulary development in present-day English is _______. A. borrowing B. semantic change C. creation of new words D. all the above （）5.Beneralization is a process by which a word that originally had a specialized meaning has now become ________. A. generalized B. expanded C. elevated D. degraded （）6.Some morphemes have _______ as they are realized by more than one morph according to their position in word. A. alternative morphs B. single morphs C. abstract units D. discrete units （）7.Old English vocabulary was essentially _______ with a number of borrowings from Latin and Scandinavian. A. Italic B. Germanic C. Celtic D. Hellenic （）http://www..com/doc/4210748864.html,pounds are different from free phrases in all the following ways EXCEPT _______. A. semantics B. grammar C. phonetics D. lexicology （）9.If two main constituents of an idiom share the same initial sound, it is called _______. A. repetition B. alliteration C. rhyme D. none of the above （）10.Which of the following words is a functional word? A. Often B. Never C. Although D. Desk （）11.Rhetorical features are shown in such respects of phonetic and lexical manipulation as well as _______. A. semantic unity B. structural stability C. idiomatic variation D. figure of speech （）12.The advantage of classifying idioms according to grammatical functions is to _______. A. use idioms correctly and appropriately B. understand idioms correctly C. remember idioms quickly D. try a new method of classification （）13.Borrowing as a source of homonymy in English can be illustrated by _______. A. long（not short） B. ball（a dancing party） C. rock（rock'n'roll） D. ad（advertisement） （）14.The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT _______. A. the influx of borrowing B. repetition C. analogy D. shortening （）15.Which of the following is NOT a component of linguistic context? A. Words and phrases. B. Sentences C. Text or passage D. Time and place 第二部分非选择题 Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.（10%） 16.Word-meaning changes by modes of extension, narrowing, degradation, elevation and ___________________. 17.The language used in England between 450 and 1150is called _________________. http://www..com/doc/4210748864.html,ELD is a ________________ dictionary. 19.In the phrase "the mouth of the river", the word "mouth" is _________________ motivated. 20.Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is ________________ context. Ⅲ.Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)types of meaning changes; 2)types of meaning;3)language branches and 4)meaning and context.（10%） A B 21. Scandinavian（）A. mill（place where things are made） 22. Germanic（）B. grammatical 23. extension（）C. double meaning 24. narrowing（）D. Swedish 25. linguistic（）E. comprehend/understand 26. ambiguity（）F. Dutch 27. participants（）G. determined 28. difference in denotation（）H. pigheaded 29. appreciative（）I. non-linguistic 30. pejorative（）J. iron（a device for smoothing clothes） Ⅳ.Study the following words or expressions and identify 1）types of bound morphemes underlined, and 2）types of word formation or prefixes.（10%） 31. predict（） 32. motel（） 33. potatoes（） 34. blueprint（） 35. preliminaries（） 36. southward（） 37. demilitarize（） 38. hypersensitive（） 39. retell（） 40. multi-purposes（） Ⅴ.Define the following terms.（10%） 41. acronymy 42. native words 43. elevation 44. stylistic meaning 45. monolingual dictionary Ⅵ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should the clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.
2005年4月全国高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案
全国2005年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. There are two approaches to the study of polysemy. They are（）A. primary and secondaryB. central and peripheralC. diachronic and synchronicD. formal and functional2. Which of the following is NOT a stylistic feature of idioms?（）A. ColloquialB. SlangC. NegativeD. Literary3. Synonyms can be classified into two major groups, that is:（）A. absolute and relativeB. absolute and completeC. relative and nearD. complete and identical4. In the early period of Middle English, English,（）existed side by side.A. Celtic and DanishB. Danish and FrenchC. Latin and CelticD. French and Latin5. A monomorphemic word is a word that consists of a single （）morpheme.A. formalB. concreteC. freeD. bound6. Which of the following groups of words is NOT onomatopoeically motivated?（）A. croak, drumB. squeak, bleatC. buzz, neighD. bang, trumpet7. LDCE is distinctive for its（）A. clear grammar codesB. usage notesC. language notesD. all of the above8. From the historical point of view, English is more closely related to（）A. GermanB. FrenchC. ScottishD. Irish9. Which of the following is NOT an acronym?（）A. TOEFLB.ODYSSEYC. BASICD. CCTV10. In the course book, the author lists（）types of context clues for inferring word meaning.A. eightB. six1C. sevenD. five11. Sources of homonyms include（）A. changes in sound and spellingB. borrowingC. shorteningD. all of the above12. The written form of English is a(an)（）representation of the spoken form.A. selectiveB. adequateC. imperfectD. natural13. Structurally a（）is the smallest meaningful unit of a language.A. morphemeB. stemC. wordD. compound14. Unlike affixes,（）are often free morphemes.A. suffixesB. prefixesC. inflectional morphemesD. roots15. The four major foreign contributors to the English vocabulary in earlier times were French, Latin,（）A. Scandinavian and ItalianB. Greek and ScandinavianC. Celtic and GreekD. Italian and SpanishⅡ. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)16. The name given to the widening of meaning which some words undergo is___________.17. Longman Lexicon of Contemporary English is a___________ dictionary.18. When a new word appears for the first time, the author usually manages to give hints or ___________ in the context to help the readers.19. Radiation and ___________ are the two coinages which the development of word meaning follows from monosemy to polysemy.20. Middle English refers to the language spoken from 1150 to___________.Ⅲ. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) word origin, 2) word formation, and 3) types of synonyms or antonyms. (10%)A B( ) 21. skill A. back-formation( ) 22. babysit B. blending( ) 23. telequiz C. French origin( ) 24. composition/compounding D. Scandinavian origin( ) 25. government E. clipping( ) 26. same/ different F. relative synonyms( ) 27. gent G. Germanic23( ) 28. English H. absolute synonyms ( ) 29. change/ alterI. Contradictory terms ( ) 30. big/ smallJ. contrary termsⅣ. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) types of bound morphemes underlined, 2) types of meanings, 3) processes of meaning development, and 4) formation of compounds. (10%)31. neck →primary meaning: that part of man joining the head to the body;a secondary meaning: the narrowest part of anything. ( ) 32. contradict ( ) 33. mother: love, care ( ) 34. upcoming ( ) 35. window shopping ( ) 36. radios( ) 37. property developer( ) 38. candidate →earlier meaning: white-robed;later meaning: a person proposed for a place, award etc. ( ) 39. handsome ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧man typewriter overcoat( )40. northward ( )Ⅴ. Define the following terms. (10%) 41. encyclopedia42. borrowed words 43. blending 44. extension 45. phrasal verbⅥ. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (12%)46. What is the difference between prefixation and suffixation? Explain with two examples. 47. What is extra-linguistic context? 48. What is polysemy? Illustrate your points.Ⅶ. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (18%)49. Study the following sentence and try to guess the meaning of the word in italics. Then explain what contextual clues help you to work out the meaning.Carnivores are very dangerous. Not long ago, a tiger escaped from the zoo and killed a dog inthe street and ate it.50. Connotative meaning is not stable. Comment on this statement with one example. 答案继续拖动鼠标，在下方4567。
2014年10月全国自考《英语词汇学》真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年10月全国自考《英语词汇学》真题及详解课程代码：00832选择题部分I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A, B,C orD on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Of all the characteristics listed for the basic word stock the most important is _____.A. all national characterB. collocabilityC. stabilityD. productivity【答案】A【解析】all national character是基本词汇特征最重要的特征，能够将普遍使用的词与其他所有词区分开。
故选A项。
2. Which of the following words is NOT one of the aliens?A. Kowtow.B. Bazaar.C. Mother tongue.D. Status quo.【答案】C【解析】非同化词（alien）是从其他语言借入的词，一般保留其原来的发音和拼写方式。
Kowtow来源于中文。
Bazaar来源于波斯语。
Status quo来源于拉丁语。
故选C项。
3. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.A word is the smallest form of a language.B.A word is a sound unity.C.A word has a given meaning.D.A word can be used freely in a sentence.【答案】A【解析】词语是语言最小的自由形式，而非最小的形式。
04月全国自考00832《英语词汇学》历年真题试题及答案
全国2015年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832本试卷满分100分，考试时间150分钟.考生答题注意事项：1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。
答在试卷上无效。
试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。
2.第一部分为选择题。
必须对应试卷上的题号使用28铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。
3.第二部分为非选择题。
必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。
4.合理安排答题空间。
超出答题区域无效。
第一部分选择题I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and blacken the corresponding letter A,B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(30%)1.Which of the following is NOT one of the characteristics of the basic word stock?A.All national character.B. Validity.C. Stability.D. Productivity.2.The following are the translation-loans EXCEPT____.A.Long time no see.B. Masterpiece.C. Mother tongue.D. Bazaar.3.The differences between sound and form are NOT due to____.A.the fact of more phonemes than letters in Englishization of spelling by printingC.innovations made by linguistsnfluence of the work of scribes4.The language used between 450 and____is called Old English.A.850B.1150C.1500D. 17005.Which of the following is NOT one of the main sources of English new words?A.The borrowing of Latin words into English.B.Social, economic and political changes.C.The influence of other cultures and language.D.The rapid development of modern science and technology.6.Which of the following words does NOT belong to the words of Scandinavian origin?A. Skirt.B. Skill.C. Roast.D. Birth7.The word “denaturalization” can be broken down into “de-”，“nature”，“-al”，“-ize”，“-ation”, each having meaning of itsown. These minimal meaningful units are known as____.A. morphemesB. allomorphsC. rootD. stem8.Which of the following parts is the root of the word “internationalists”？A. interB.nationC.-istD.-tion9.Which of the following words is an example of free morphemes?A. Bored.B.Teeth.C. Worker.D.Wind.10.Which of the following statements is NOT true?A.Prefixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to stems.B.Prefixes do not generally change the word-class of the stem.C.Prefixes only modify the meaning of the stem.D.The chief function of prefixes is to change meanings of the stems.11.The word that contains a prefix of degree is____.A. abnormalB.misunderstand12.“A hot dog” is by no means a dog that is hot, but a typical American sausage in between two pieces of bread. This example illustrates the____features of compounds.A. phoneticB.semantic13.“Many” and “much” both have the same concept, but collocate with different words，such as “much time, much money”，but “many books, many people”，not vice versa. This example illustrates____.A.concept is beyond languageB.concept is the result of human cognitionC.concept is universal to all men alike regardless of culture, race, language and so onD.even in the same language, the same concept can be expressed in different words14.When we use the “foot of the mountain”，we are comparing the lower part of the mountain to the foot of a human being. In this se nse, the word “foot” conveys____.A. onomatopoeic motivationB. morphological motivationC. semantic motivationD. etymological motivation15.The group of words which has the sa me grammatical meaning is “____”.A. forget, forgets, forgotB. tables, men, peopleC. sit, sitting, satD. fast, quick, quickly16.Words are arbitrary symbols and are____identities so far as their outer facet — spelling and pronunciation, is concerned.A. independentB. reliableC. stableD. unsteady17.From the diachronic point of view, ____ is assumed to be the result of growth and development of the semantic structure of one and same word.A. homonymyB. polysemyC. synonymyD. hy pony my18.“Dear” and “deer” are words identical in sound but different in spelling and meaning. They are____.A. perfect homonymsB. homographsC. homophonesD. hyponyms19.Which of the following is NOT one of the types of changes in word-meaning?A. Extension.B. Degradation.C. Elevation.D. Reduction.20.When a common word is turned into a proper noun, the meaning is____accordingly such as “the City”，, which means the “business centre of London”.A. generalizedB.narrowed21.The extra-linguistic factors that cause changes in word-meaning include the following EXCEPT____.A. historical reasonB. psychological reasonC. geographic reasonD. class reason22.Lexical context refers to the cases in which the meaning of a word is affected and defined by the____.A. neighbouring wordsB. sentence structureC. cultural backgroundD. non-linguistic situation23.When a word with multiple meanings is used in inadequate context, it creates____.A. irrelevanceB.ambiguity24.In the sentence 6in spite of fact that the fishermen were wearing sou' westers, the storm was so heavy that they were wet through", the context clue used is____.A. word structureB.exampleC. definitionD.relevant detail25.Which of the following is one of the characteristics of idioms?A. Structural variation.B. Lexical manipulation.C. Phonetic unity.D. Semantic unity.26.The id iom “tooth and nail” is a(n)____.A. idiom verbal in natureB. idiom nominal in natureC. sentence idiomD. idiom adverbial in nature27.The idiom “earn one’s bread” is a____as far as figures of speech are concerned.A. synecdocheB.metaphor28.Webster fs New Dictionary of Synonyms (1978) is a(n)____dictionary.A. unabridgedB.desk29.British dictionaries generally use____to mark the pronunciation.A. British Phonetic AlphabetB. American Phonetic AlphabetC. International Phonetic AlphabetD. Webster’s Phonetic Alphabet30.Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) New Edition (1987) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT____.A.its use of extra columnts simple and clear definitionsC.its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usagesD.its meticulous and complete grammatical information非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。
最新7月全国自考英语词汇学试题及答案解析
全国2018年7月自考英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choosethe one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Words may fall into native words and borrowed words by ______.（）A. use frequencyB. notionC. originD. sound2. Which of the following words does NOT belong to jargon? （）A. Orchestra.B. Bottom line.C. Ballpark figures.D. Bargaining chips.3. In the sentence “It is fun to play with children.”, there are ______ content words. （）A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 54. Rapid growth of science and technology breeds such new words as the following EXCEPT ______.（）A. open heart surgeryB. fast foodC. moon walkD. space shuttle5. Reviving archaic words also contributes to the growth of English vocabulary. For instance, the Americans use“sick”for ______ in British English. （）A. sixB. ailmentC. throwing upD. ill6. If we say that Old English was a language of full endings, Middle English was one of ______ endings.（）A. leveledB. shortC. longD. paralleled7. The plural morpheme “-s”is pronounced as/s/in the following words EXCEPT ______.（）A. packs B. bagsC. cheatsD. ships8. There are ______ free morphemic words in the following words: bird, man, red, turn.（）A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 49. The following words have derivational affixes EXCEPT ______. （）A. subseaB. prewarC. postwarD. desks10. The suffi x “-tion” is a ______ suffix. （）A. adjectiveB. verbC. adverbD. noun11. From the sentences “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as ______. （）A. affixationB. compoundingC. conversionD. acronymy12. The word “beg” comes from the word “beggar”.Such a way of creating a new word is called ______.（）A. suffixationB. clippingC. blendingD. back-formation13. “Pen” and “sword” in the sentence “The pen is mightier than the sword.” are ______motivated words.（）A. semanticallyB. etymologicallyC. morphologicallyD. onomatopoeically14. “Tables, men, potatoes” have the same ______ meaning, for they have the same plural meaning. （）A. lexicalB. grammaticalC. conceptualD. associative15. Stylistic features of words include the following EXCEPT ______. （）A. formalB. literaryC. argumentativeD. slang16. The word ______ is an illustrative example of concatenation. （）A. neckB. boardC. candidateD. harvest17. Based on the degree of ______, homonyms fall into three classes: perfect homonyms, homographs and homophones. （）A. intensityB. propertyC. similarityD. variety18. Complete synonyms are identical both in grammatical meaning and lexical meaning, including ______ and associative meanings. （）A. conceptualB. perceptualC. eventualD. actual19. Narrowing of meaning, also called ______, is the opposite of widening meaning.（）A. specialization B. realizationC. evolutionD. creation20. As far as transfer is concerned, the phrase “loud colours” falls into the category of transfer ______.（）A. from concrete to abstract meaningsB. from abstract to concrete meaningsC. through associationD. of sensations21. I n the sentence “She said with an embarrassed laugh.”, the word “embarrassed” can be classified into ______ sense of transfer. （）A. subjectiveB. objectiveC. sensationalD. physical22. Based on ______ context, we can determine the meaning of “do the flowers”.（）A. cultural B. grammaticalC. lexicalD. situational23. Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ______ or non-linguistic context.（）A. extra-linguisticB. lexicalC. grammaticalD. syntactical24. In the sentence “Many United Nations employees are polyglots. Mr. Mary, for example, speaks fivelanguages.”, the word “polyglot” is explained by ______ clue. （）A. definitionB. exampleC. synonymyD. hyponymy25. Which of the following is NOT one of the stylistic features of idioms? （）A. Frozen style.B. Slang.C. Literary style.D. Colloquialisms.26. “Chop and change” is an idiom ______ in nature. （）A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial27. The change of idiom “the last straw” from the original form is ______.（）A. replacementB. dismemberingC. additionD. shortening28. Encyclopedic dictionaries can be further divided into ______ and encyclopedic dictionaries. （）A. linguisticB. encyclopediaC. specializedD. unabridged29. Oxford Dictionary of Current Idiomatic English is a(n) ______ dictionary. （）A. specializedB. deskC. pocketD. encyclopedic30. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English (LDCE) was noted for the following aspects EXCEPT ______.（）A. its wide coverage of new words, new meanings and new usagesB. its simple and clear definitionsC. its use of extra columnD. its meticulous and complete grammatical informationⅡ. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of vocabulary by notion; 2) types of morphemes; 3) sense relations and 4) types of idioms. (10% )A B( ) 31. rich/well-to-do/poor A. contradictory term of antonym( ) 32. call it a day B. superordinate/subordinate( ) 33. sow v. to scatter seeds/sow n. female adult pig C. homograph( ) 34. recollection/idealistic D. idiom nominal in nature( ) 35. employer/employee E. notional words( ) 36. without/behind F. relative term of antonym( ) 37. fish/herring G. bound morphemes( ) 38. cut and dried H. free morphemes( ) 39. watch/teach I. idiom verbal in nature( ) 40. brain trust J. idiom adjectival in natureⅢ. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)41. According to semanticists, a word is a unit of ______.42. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, semantic change and ______.43. ______ morphemes are chiefly found in derived words.44. Prefixes only modify the ______ of the stem.45. Lexical ______ of a word has two components: conceptual meaning and associative meaning.46. In dictionaries, a ______ has its meanings all listed under one headword whereas homonyms are listed as separate entries.47. Indeed, it often happens that a word is retained for a name though the meaning has changed because the ______ has changed.48. The sentence “I lost Betty's picture.” is ambiguous due to ______.49. Based on the criterion of ______ functions, idioms may be classified into five groups.50. Encyclopedic dictionaries have the characteristics of both ______ dictionaries and encyclopedia.Ⅳ. Define the following terms. (10%)51. word52. clipping53. onomatopoeic54. synchronic approach55. desk dictionariesⅤ. Answer the following questions. Y our answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20 % )56. Why, in modern English, were word endings mostly lost with just a few exceptions?57. What are the differences between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?58. How do you account for the semantic change in the living languages?59. What are contextual clues? Find out the meanings of the words in bold type and tell what contextual clues have helped you in arriving at the meanings.A. Do you know the architect? He designed St. Paul's Cathedral.B. The book was only published posthumously, for the author had been dead for three years already.C. It is undesirable to write with too many parentheses, a pair of brackets round word or phrases.Ⅵ. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)60. Analyze and comment on the three causes of meaning change within the scope of the extra-linguistic factors, each with example word(s) given below.pen, atomchurlcopperhead61. Analyze and comment on the fundamental difference between the processes of radiation and concatenation with the words neck and treacle.。
全国4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题及答案解析历年试卷及答案解析
全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832第一部分选择题Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.According to the degree of similarity, homonyms can be classified into( )A. perfect homonymsB. homonymsC. homophonesD. all the above2.Transfer as a mode of semantic change can be illustrated by the example( )A. ad for “advertisement”B. dish for “food"C. fond for “affectionate”D. an editorial for “an editorial article"3.It is a general belief that the meaning does not exist in the word itself, but it rather spreads over( )A. the reader’s interpretationB. the neighbouring wordsC. the writer's intentionD. the etymology of the word4.Which of the following is a prefix of time and order?A. extra-B. pro-C. re-D. semi-5.Which of the following dictionaries is not a specialized dictionary?A. The Oxford Dictionary of English EtymologyB. Chamber's Encyclopedic English DictionaryC. Longmont Dictionary of Phrasal VerbsD. Webster's New Dictionary of Synonyms6.Which of the following statements is Not true?A. Reference is the relationship between language and the world.B. The relationship between a word and its referent is arbitrary.C. Concept is universal to all men alike.D. Sense denotes the relationships outside the language.7.The words which occur before or after a word and may affect its meaning form( )A. physical contextB. grammatical contextC. lexical contextD. linguistic context8."Smith is an architect. He designed World Trade Center. "The clue provided in the context is( )A. definitionB. explanationC. exampleD. hyponym9.The term "vocabulary" is used in different ways because of all the following reasons EXCEPT that( )A. it can refer to the common core of a languageB. it can refer to the total number of the words in a languageC. it can represent all the words used in a certain historical periodD. it can stand for words in given dialect or field10.The idiom "a dark horse" is a( )A. simileB. metaphorC. metonymyD. personification11.An idiom differs from a free phrase in that the former is ( ) and the latter is not.A. structurally changeableB. semantically analyzableC. structurally fixedD. easily understood12.We can work out the meaning of heliocentric and geocentric according to( )A. morphological structureB. relevant detailsC. grammatical structureD. physical context13.What causes the ambiguity of the sente nce ”I like Mary better than Janet"? ( )A. V ocabularyB. SituationC. StructureD. None of the above14.Early Modern English refers to the language spoken( )A. from 1066 to 1500B. from 1150 to 1500C. from 1500 to 1700D. from 1600 to 180015.Affixes added to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are known as ( )A. bound rootsB. free morphemesC. inflectional morphemesD. derivational affixes第二部分非选择题Ⅱ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16._________________meaning refers to the part of speech, tenses of verbs, etc.17.The word __________has the old meaning "servant" and the elevated meaning "head of a ministry".18.The relationship between sound and meaning is arbitrary or ______________.19.When a word with more than one meaning is used in unclear context, it creates _______________.20.Almost all affixes are __________morphemes because few can be used as independent words. Ⅲ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B according to 1)rhetorical features of the idioms; 2)sense relations; 3)assimilation degree; 4)characteristics of the basic word stock and 5)motivation.(10%)A B21.reiteration ( ) A. high and low22.repetition ( ) B. pick and choose23.juxtaposition ( ) C. face to face24.perfect homonym ( ) D. Failure is the mother of success.25.personification ( ) E. hiss26.portus ( ) F. bear; beare ( ) G. twitter28.heart ( ) H. cat29.birds ( ) I. port30.snakes ( ) J. heart and soulⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.making a restatement of a new word or concept in familiar words ( )32.sitcom ( )33.the usual amenities such as a pub, a post office and a school ( )34.form cradle to grave ( )35.might and main ( )36.fax ( )37.disobey,impolite, ( )38.hussy:"housewife"→"a woman of low morals"( )39.disease:"discomfort"→"illness"( )40.fond:"foolish"→"affectionate"( )Ⅴ.Define the following terms.(10%)41.dictionary42.pejoration43.idioms nominal in nature44.Germanic45.allomorphⅥ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below.(12%)46.What are the stylistic features of idioms?47. How would you explain the difference between back formation and suffixation? Give examples to illustrate your point.48. How do you distinguish inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?Ⅶ.Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)ment on the following pairs of sentences in terms of superordinate and subordinates.a. The man said he would come to our school next week.b. The visiting scholar said he would visit our university next Monday.50.Analyes the morphological structures of the following words and point out the types of the morphemes.unbearable, international, ex-prisoner全国2018年4月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题参考答案课程代码：00832Ⅰ.Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.(30%)1.D2.B3.B4.C5.B6.D7.C8.C9.A 10.B11.C 12.A 13.C 14.C 15.CⅡ.Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.(10%)16. Grammatical 17. minister 18. conventional 19. ambiguity 20. boundⅢ.Match the words in Column A with those in Column B. (10%)21.B 22.C 23.A 24.F 25.D26.I 27.H 28.J 29.G 30.EⅣ.Study the following words and expressions and identify 1)types of context clues; 2)types of word formation; 3)types of word-meaning changes and 4)rhetorical features of idioms.(10%)31.explanation32.head+head blending33.hyponymy/hyponym34.figure of speech; metonymy35.phonetic manipulation/alliteration36.back clipping37.affixation, prefixation or negative prefixes38.degradation39.narrowing40.elevationⅤ.Define the following terms.(10%)41. Dictionary is a book which presents in alphabetical order the words of a language, with information as to their spelling, pronunciation, meaning usage, etc.42. Degradation or pejoration of meaning is the opposite of semantic elevation. It is a process whereby words of good origin fall into ill reputation or non-affective words come to be used in derogatory sense.43.(1)Each idiom has a noun as the key word.(2)Each functions as a noun/also knows asnoun idioms.44.a term used to refer to a branch of the Indo-European language family, which consists of English, German, Dutch, etc.45.one of the variants that realize a morphemeⅥ.Answer the following questions.(12%)46.(1)Many idioms were created in different professions, so they were trade-or profession-related, colloquial and informal.(2)Now most become a part of the common core, neither formal nor informal.(3)There are still many colloquialisms, slang expressions, literary expressions comparatively small in number.47.A)Suffixation is the formation of new words by adding suffixes to bases.B)Back-formation is considered to be the opposite process of suffixation; it's the method of creating words by removing the supposed suffixes.48.Inflectional affixes are affixes (1) attached to the end of words; (2) to indicate grammatical relationships, while derivational affixes are affixes; (3) added to other morphemes; (4) to createnew words.Ⅶ.Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short Write your answers in the space given below.(18%)49.要点：Superordinate Subordinate1) man scholar2) come visit3) school university4) week Monday50.1)Each of the three words consists of three morphemes unbearable(un+bear+able), international (inter+nation+al), ex-prisoner(er+prison+er).2)Of the nine morphemes, only bear, nation and prison are free morphemes as they can exist by themselves.3)All the rest un-,-able,inter-,-al, ex-and-er are bound as none of them can stand alone as words.。
08年7月全国自考《英语词汇学》试题及答案资料
全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试英语词汇学试题课程代码：00832I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that best completes the statement and put the letter in the bracket. (30%)1. Which of the following words does NOT belong to terminology? ( )A. Penicillin.B. Algebra.C. Symphony.D. Knife.2. In the sentence “I like to see a movie.”, there are ________ functional words. ( )A.2B.3C.4D.53. Of the characteristics listed for the basic word stock, the most important is ________. ( )A. all national characterB. productivityC. polysemyD. collocability4. Social, economic and political changes bring about such new words as the following EXCEPT ________. ( )A. fast foodB. TV dinnerC. tahiniD. Watergate5. The prehistoric ________ parent language is thought to be a highly inflected language, which English originated from. ( )A. PrussianB. Indo-EuropeanC. CzechD. Russian6. The surviving languages accordingly fall into eight principal groups, which can be grouped into the ________ set and the Western set. ( )A. EasternB. AfricanC. AmericanD. Northern7. The plural morpheme “-s” is realized by /z/ after the following sounds EXCEPT ________.( ) A./z/ B./g/C./d/D./b/精品文档8. The word “recollection” comprises ________ morphemes. ( )A.1B.2C.3D.49. The following words have inflectional affixes EXCEPT ________. ( )A. worksB. workerC. workingD. worked10. “Dis-” in the word “disloyal” is a ________ prefix. ( )A. negativeB. reversativeC. pejorativeD. locative11. The word “AIDS” is a(n) ________. ( )A. initialismB. acronymC. derivativeD. compound12. The word “smog” is created by blending, with the structure of ________. ( )A. head + tailB. head + headC. head + wordD. word + tail13. So far as stylistic meaning is concerned, “residence” is ________. ( )A. neutralB. informalC. colloquialD. formal14. Words which are used to show the attitude of approval are ________. ( )A. appreciativeB. pejorativeC. connotativeD. collocative15. “Pavement” in British English and “sidewalk” in American English have the same ________.( ) A. motivation B. collocationC. senseD. connotation16. A common feature peculiar to all natural languages is ________. ( )A. homonymyB. hyponymyC. monosemyD. polysemy17. In both CCELD and LDCE, the most frequently used meaning of the word “gay” is ________.( ) 精品文档A. joyous and lively, merry, happyB. homosexualC. given to social life and pleasureD. bright, brilliant18. All the following words can be used as an antonym to the word “clear” EXCEPT ________.( ) A. dirty B. fussyC. guiltyD. ambiguous19. The change of word meaning is brought about by the following internal factors EXCEPT ________. ( )A. influx of borrowingB. analogyC. psychological factorsD. shortening20. A good example of ________ is the word “manuscript”, which now means “writing by hand or typed with a type-writer or a word-processor”, but its original meaning was “handwriting” only.( )A. degradationB. elevationC. narrowingD. extension21. In the sentence “Never run towards a dangerous animal.”, the word “dangerous” is used in the ________ sense of transfer. ( )A. subjectiveB. objectiveC. sensationalD. physical22. The sentence “They saw her duck.” is ambiguous due to ________. ( )A. grammatical contextB. lexical contextC. antonymyD. hyponymy23. The following are types of context EXCEPT ________. ( )A. linguistic contextB. non-linguistic contextC. syntactical contextD. extra-linguistic context24. In the sentence “The village had most of the usual amenities: a pub, a library, a post office, a villa ge hall, a medical centre, and a school.” The meaning of amenity can be inferred from the clue of ________. ( )A. relevant detailsB. word structureC. antonymyD. hyponymy精品文档25. The idiom “hustle and bustle” is a ________ as far as rhetorical feat ures of idioms are concerned. ( )A. simileB. repetitionC. reiterationD. personification26. Sentence idioms embrace the following sentence types EXCEPT ________. ( )A. declarative sentenceB. interrogative sentenceC. imperative sentenceD. simple sentence27. “Beyond the pale” is an idiom ________ in nature. ( )A. verbalB. nominalC. adjectivalD. adverbial28. The following are the types of dictionary EXCEPT ________. ( )A. monolingual dictionaries and bilingual dictionariesB. linguistic and encyclopedic dictionariesC. specialized dictionariesD. Chinese and English dictionaries29. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 3rd Edition (1980) is a(n) ________ dictionary.( ) A. specialized B. deskC. pocketD. encyclopedic30. Usage notes of the dictionary explain the following aspects EXCEPT ________. ( )A. literal meanings of the wordsB. difficult points of grammar and styleC. important British and American differencesD. slight differences between words of similar meaningsII. Match the words in Column A with the words in Column B according to 1) types of vocabulary by notion; 2) sources of synonyms; 3) types of motivation; and 4) types of transfer. (10%)A B( ) 31. morphological motivation A. laconic meaning “brief” or “short”( ) 32. associated transfer B. the foot of the mountain精品文档( ) 33. borrowing C. squeak/hiss( ) 34. etymological motivation D. You should address your remarks to the chair. ( ) 35. notional words E. charm/glamour( ) 36. abstract to concrete F. black market/greenhorn( ) 37. semantic motivation G. occupation/walk of life( ) 38. figurative use H. fire/flame/conflagration( ) 39. regional English I. This teaching assistant is an efficient help. ( ) 40. onomatopoeic motivation J. cloud/yellowIII. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book. (10%)41. As defined in terms of spoken language, a word is viewed as a sound or ________ of sounds which are made voluntarily with human vocal equipment.42. Modern English vocabulary develops through three channels: creation, ________ and borrowing.43. The ________ is the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words.44. Suffixation generally changes the grammatical function or word ________ of stems of words.45. ________ indicates the speaker’s attitude towards the person or thing in qu estion.46. Relative synonyms or ________ are similar or nearly the same in denotation, but embrace different shades of meaning or different degrees of a given quality.47. There are generally ________ major factors that cause changes in meaning.48. Physical situation or environment relating to the use of words is called ________ or non-linguistic context.49. Unlike free phrases, the structure of an idiom is to a large extent ________.50. Three good general dictionaries are LDCE, CCELD and ________.IV. Define the following terms. (10%)51. bound root52. prefixation精品文档53. pejoration34. homophone55. grammatical contextV. Answer the following questions. Your answers should be clear and short. Write your answers in the space given below. (20%)56. What are the types of morphemes?57. What is conceptual meaning of a word? Give an example to illustrate your point.58. Decide whether the following statement is true or false, based on your understanding of the changes in word meaning. State your reason with one example.Elevation or amelioration refers to the process by which words rise from humble beginnings to positions of importance.59. What is semantic unity of idioms? Explain it with one example.VI. Analyze and comment on the following. Write your answers in the space given below.(20%)60. Comment on the following 2 groups of words or sentences to illustrate the semantic features and grammatical features of compounds.Group 1: “red meat/hot dog”Group 2: “He bad-mouthed me. / major generals”61. Analyze and comment on the following two pairs of sentences in terms of superordinates and subordinates:[a]Trees surround the water near our summer place.[b]Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.[a]I met a writer who is the relation of a politician.精品文档[b]I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother of Senator Buckley. 精品文档。