Mirror of America 课堂演示
words in lesson 3 Mirror of America
Idyllic adj.pastoral or picturesque; pleasing and simple 田园诗的;田园风光的;闲适恬静的;质朴宜人的idyllic landscape田园风光Not that it was always idyllic: life on the road could be harsh. 不是所有的日子都田园诗般美妙,在路上的生活很艰辛。
Every bit adv.to the same degree (often followed by ‘as’)完全,同样地He is every bit as mean as she is．他与她同样平庸。
Cynical adj.1.believing that people are motivated in all their actions only by selfishness；denying the sincerity of people's motives and actions，or the value of living玩世不恭的；愤世嫉俗的A cynical view of human nature 对人性的一种愤世嫉俗的观点He was so cynical that he sneered at everything that made life worth living.他也太玩世不恭了,凡是对人生有意义的事,他一概加以嘲笑。
2.not caring that something might not be morally right, might hurt someone etc, when you are trying to get something for yourself 无所顾忌的,不顾他人的A cynical disregard for international agreements 不顾国际协定的损人利己行为Frailty n.1.the lack of strength or health 脆弱,虚弱The frailty of her thin body 她瘦弱的身体2.something bad or weak in your character (性格上的)弱点,缺点Human frailties 人性的弱点Guerrilla n.A member of small unofficial military group that usually fights against an official army or police force 游击队(员)Guerrilla war/warfare 游击战The guerrillas threatened to kill their hostages. 游击队员们威胁要杀死人质。
马克吐温英文介绍PPT课件
The Name of Mark Twain
Twain's real name was Samuel Clemens."Mark Twain",which means"watermark two",was a call used by sailors on the Mississippi to warn shipmates that they were coming into shallow water.
Fourth part. (Others)
1.His Famous Words 2.A Mirror of America
PART ONE
First part. (His exeperience) 1.Early life experience 2.His Marriage 3.In His Middle Ages 4.His Later Life 5.His Death
Second part. (His writing) 1.Mark Twain and the Mississippi. 2.Major Works. 3.Writing Features
third part. (Writing style) 1.Life and Writing 2.a Local Colorist e of Vernacular 4.Humor
MARK TWIN OF MISSISSIPPI
A Mirror of America
LET’S GO
CONTENTS
First part. (His exeperience) 1.Early life experience 2.His Marriage 3.In His Middle Ages 4.His Later Life 5.His Death
Lesson6 Mark Twain---Mirror of America
At 4 At 12 At 13 At 18 At 22
moving to Hannibal river life father died leaving school apprentice , printer tramp printer, going to NY, Philadelphia, etc Mississippi River apprentice, pilot 1857-1861
Popular biography 通俗传记 Scholarly biography Characteristics of a popular biography: *subjective comments *chronological order with a few remarks about the future *emotional , rich in rhetorical devices, applying various figures of speeches *with quotations from the hero‘s works *weaving the hero‘s life experience with his writing.
Structure of the text: Part 1: para 1-2 Part 2: para 3- 22 Section 1: para 1 – para 2 : General statement of Twain‘s personality and his life experience --- his outstanding achievements ---his personality of two sides ---his major experiences (para 2)
NEW WORDS---Mark Twain---Mirror of America
NEW WORDS---Mark Twain---Mirror of America (by Noel Grove)Para 5:deck [dek]n. 甲板；行李仓；露天平台teem [ti:m]vi. 大量出现；充满; vt. 倒出pioneering [paiə'niəriŋ]adj. 首创的；先驱的humanity [hju:'mænəti]n. 人类；人道；仁慈；人文学科flotsam ['flɔtsəm]n. 废料；（遇难船的）漂流货物；浮货；零碎物hustler ['hʌslə]n. 催促者；妓女；骗子gambler ['ɡæmblə]n. 赌徒；投机商人thug [θʌɡ]n. 暴徒；恶棍；刺客keen [ki:n]adj. 敏锐的，敏捷的；渴望的；强烈的；热心的；锐利的perception [pə'sepʃən]n. 知觉；[生理] 感觉；看法；洞察力；获取lasting ['lɑ:stiŋ, 'læstiŋ]adj. 持久的；永恒的; n. [纺] 厚实斜纹织物; v. 持续；维持（last的ing 形式）acknowledge [ək'nɔlidʒ]vt. 承认；答谢；报偿；告知已收到acquaint [ə'kweint]vt. 使熟悉；使认识acquaintanceship [ə'kweintən(s)ʃip]n. 认识；相识；交往关系Para 6:pilot ['pailət]n. 飞行员；领航员halt [hɔ:lt]vi. 停止；立定；踌躇，犹豫; n. 停止；立定；休息; vt. 使停止；使立定motley ['mɔtli]adj. 杂色的；混杂的；五颜六色的; n. 混杂；杂色衣服；小丑band [bænd]n. 带；乐队；松紧带；一帮；传送带confederate [kən'fedərit, kən'fedəreit]n. 同盟国，同盟者adj. 同盟的，联合的guerrilla [ɡə'rilə]n. 游击战；游击队diligently ['dilidʒəntli]adv. 勤奋地；勤勉地retreat [ri'tri:t]n. 撤退；休息寓所；撤退; vi. 撤退；退避；向后倾; vt. 退（棋）；使后退retreating adj. 再精制的；再处理的; v. 撤退（retreat的ing形式）；后退invent [in'vent]vt. 发明；创造；虚构Para 7:stagecoach ['steidʒkəutʃ]n. 公共马车；驿站马车succumb [sə'kʌm]vi. 屈服；死；被压垮epidemic [,epi'demik]adj. 流行的；传染性的; n. 传染病；流行病；风尚等的流行silver ['silvə]n. 银；银器；银币；银质奖章；餐具；银灰色; adj. 银的；含银的；有银色光泽的；口才流利的；第二十五周年的婚姻Nevada [ni'vædə; -'vɑ:-]n. 内华达（美国州名）Washoe n. 华秀（第一只会用手语的黑猩猩）；华秀（北美洲印第安人的一族）flirt [flə:t]vi. 调情；玩弄；轻率地对待；摆动; vt. 挥动；忽然弹出; n. 急扔；调情的人；卖弄风骚的人flirt with同…调情；不认真地考虑colossal [kə'lɔsəl]adj. 巨大的；异常的，非常的persistent [pə'sistənt, -'zis-]adj. 固执的，坚持的；持久稳固的rebuff [ri'bʌf]n. 断然拒绝；回绝；漠不关心; vt. 断然拒绝discourage [dis'kʌridʒ]vt. 阻止；使气馁reporter [ri'pɔ:tə]n. 记者territorial [,teri'tɔ:riəl]adj. 领土的；区域的；土地的；地方的; n. 地方自卫队士兵enterprise ['entəpraiz]n. 企业；事业；进取心；事业心enduring [in'djuəriŋ]adj. 持久的；能忍受的; v. 忍耐（endure的ing形式）gratitude ['ɡrætitju:d]n. 感谢的心情Para 8:discouragement [dis'kʌridʒmənt]n. 气馁；挫折；劝阻mining ['main iŋ]n. 矿业；采矿regional ['ri:dʒənəl]adj. 地区的；局部的；整个地区的fame [feim]n. 名声，名望；传闻，传说humorist ['hju:mərist]n. 幽默作家；富于幽默感的人instant ['instənt]adj. 立即的；紧急的；紧迫的; n. 瞬间；立即；片刻strike [straik]vi. 打，打击；罢工；敲，敲击；抓；打动；穿透; vt. 打，击；罢工；撞击，冲击；侵袭；打动；到达; n. 罢工；打击；殴打mighty ['maiti]adj. 有力的；强有力的；有势力的; adv. 很；极；非常; n. 有势力的人pickax ['pikæks]n. 鹤嘴锄；镐board [bɔ:d]n. 董事会；木板；甲板；膳食; vt. 上（飞机、车、船等）；用板盖上；给提供膳宿; vi. 寄宿hotbed ['hɔtbed]n. 滋长地，温床Para 9:hone [həun]n. 磨刀石；想念；抱怨; vt. 用磨刀石磨scathing ['skeiðiŋ]adj. 严厉的；损伤的column ['kɔləm]n. 纵队，列；专栏；圆柱，柱形物attack [ə'tæk]n. 攻击；抨击；疾病发作; vt. 攻击；抨击；动手干; vi. 攻击；腐蚀attack on攻击mistreatment [mis'tri:tmənt]n. 虐待goldfield ['gəuldfi:ld]n. 采金的区域Sacramento [,sækrə'mentəu]n. 萨克拉门托（美国加州首府）valley ['væli]n. 山谷；流域；溪谷settler ['setlə]n. 移居者；殖民者ring [riŋ]vi. 按铃；敲钟；回响；成环形; n. 戒指；铃声，钟声；拳击场；环形物; vt. 按铃；包围；敲钟；套住familiarly [fə'miliəli]adv. 不拘礼节地；亲密地；精通地accustom [ə'kʌstəm]vt. 使习惯于trend [trend]n. 趋势，倾向；走向; vi. 趋向，伸向; vt. 使…趋向setting ['setiŋ]n. 环境；安装；布置；[天] 沉落; v. 放置；沉没；使…处于某位置（set的ing形式）splendid ['splendid]adj. 辉煌的；灿烂的；极好的；杰出的sluggish ['slʌɡiʃ]adj. 萧条的；迟钝的；行动迟缓的；懒惰的; n. 市况呆滞；市势疲弱sloth [slɔθ]n. 怠惰，懒惰；[脊椎] 树懒set up v. 建立；装配；开业；竖立astounding [ə'staundiŋ]adj. 令人震惊的；令人惊骇的rush [rʌʃ]n. 冲进；匆促；急流；灯心草; adj. 急需的; vt. 使冲；突袭；匆忙地做；飞跃; vi. 冲；奔；闯；赶紧；涌现rushing ['rʌʃiŋ]adj. 急流的；旺盛的; n. 社交活动; v. 猛冲；催促；急速行进（rush的ing形式）magnificent [mæɡ'nifisənt]adj. 高尚的；壮丽的；华丽的；宏伟的dash [dæʃ]n. 破折号；冲撞; vt. 使…破灭；猛撞；泼溅; vi. 猛冲；撞击dare [dεə]n. 挑战；挑动; vt. 敢冒；不惧; vi. 敢；胆敢daring ['dεəriŋ]adj. 大胆的，勇敢的; n. 胆量，勇气; v. 敢（dare的现在分词）recklessness ['reklisnis]n. 鲁莽；轻率；不顾一切，不顾后果consequence ['kɔnsi,kwəns]n. 结果；重要性；推论bear [bεə]vi. 承受；结果实; vt. 忍受；具有；支撑; n. 熊project ['prɔdʒekt, 'prəu, prə'dʒekt]vi. 设计；计划；表达；投射; vt. 设计；计划；发射；放映; n. 工程；计划；事业Para 10:dreary ['driəri]adj. 沉闷的，枯燥的scatter ['skætə]vi. 分散，散开；散射; vt. 使散射；使散开，使分散；使散播，使撒播; n. 分散；散播，撒播scattered ['skætəd]adj. 分散的；散乱的notation [nəu'teiʃən]n. 符号；乐谱；注释；记号法meal [mi:l]n. 一餐，一顿饭；膳食; vi. 进餐lie [lai]vi. 躺；说谎；位于；展现; vt. 谎骗; n. 谎言；位置entry ['entri]n. 进入；入口；条目；登记；报关手续；对土地的侵占course [kɔ:s]n. 过程；进程；道路；一道菜; vt. 追赶；跑过; vi. 指引航线；快跑Coleman ['kəulmən]n. 科尔曼（姓氏）bet [bet]n. 打赌，赌注；被打赌的事物; vt. 打赌；敢断定，确信; vi. 打赌meantime ['mi:n'taim]n. 其时，其间; adv. 同时；其间fill [fil]vt. 装满，使充满；满足；堵塞；任职; vi. 被充满，膨胀; n. 满足；填满的量；装填物full [ful]adj. 完全的，完整的；满的，充满的；丰富的；完美的；丰满的；详尽的; adv. 十分，非常；完全地；整整; vt. 把衣服缝得宽大; n. 全部；完整shot [ʃɔt]n. 发射；炮弹；射手; adj. 用尽的；破旧的；杂色的，闪光的; v. 射击（shoot的过去式和过去分词）Para 11:calaveras [kælə'verəs]n. 含煤变质沉积岩national ['næʃənəl]adj. 国家的；国民的；民族的；国立的; n. 国民reputation [,repju'teiʃən]n. 名声，名誉；声望wild [waild]adj. 野生的；野蛮的；狂热的；荒凉的; n. 荒野; adv. 疯狂地；胡乱地humorist ['hju:mərist]n. 幽默作家；富于幽默感的人pacific [pə'sifik]adj. 和平的；温和的；平静的slope [sləup]n. 斜坡；倾斜；斜率；扛枪姿势; vi. 倾斜；逃走; vt. 倾斜；使倾斜；扛Para 12:distinctly [dis'tiŋktli]adv. 明显地；无疑地，确实地Quaker ['kweikə]n. 教友派信徒；贵格会教徒cruise [kru:z]n. 巡航，巡游；乘船游览sizeable ['saizəbl]adj. 大的，相当大的milestone ['mailstəun]n. 里程碑，划时代的事件sort [sɔ:t]n. 种类；方式；品质assign [ə'sain]vt. 分配；指派；[计][数] 赋值; vi. 将财产过户（尤指过户给债权人）accompany [ə'kʌmpəni]vt. 陪伴，伴随；伴奏; vi. 伴奏，伴唱correspondent [,kɔ:ri'spɔndənt]n. 通讯记者；客户；通信者；代理商行glowing ['ɡləuiŋ]adj. 灼热的；热情洋溢的；鲜艳的; v. 发光；容光焕发（glow的ing形式）；发热travelogue ['trævəlɔɡ, -lɔ:ɡ]n. 旅行见闻讲演sorely ['sɔ:li]adv. 疼痛地；非常；剧烈地Para 13:unimpressed [,ʌnim'prest]adj. 无印记的（没有印象的）；未受感动的sultan ['sʌltən]n. 苏丹（某些伊斯兰国家统治者的称号）Turkey ['tə:ki]n. 土耳其（横跨欧亚两洲的国家）dozen ['dʌzən]n. 十二个，一打; adj. 一打的Abler n. 阿伯勒（男子名）casually ['kæʒjuəli]adv. 随便地；偶然地；临时地debunk [di:'bʌŋk]vt. 揭穿；拆穿…的假面具；暴露revere [ri'viə]vt. 敬畏；尊敬；崇敬treasure ['treʒə, 'trei-]n. 财富，财产；财宝；珍品; vt. 珍爱；珍藏unholy [,ʌn'həuli]adj. 不神圣的；罪恶的；不适宜的verbal ['və:bəl]adj. 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的shot [ʃɔt]n. 发射；炮弹；射手upon [ə'pɔn]prep. 根据；接近；在…之上version ['və:ʃən]n. 版本；译文；倒转术abroad [ə'brɔ:d]adv. 在国外；到海外; adj. 往国外的; a n. 海外；异国Para 14:settle ['setl]vi. 解决；定居；沉淀；下陷; vt. 解决；安排；使…定居Hartford ['hɑ:tfəd]n. 哈特福特（美国康涅狄格州首府）Connecticut [kə'netikət]n. 美国康乃迪克州（位于美国东北部）Para 15:experiment [ik'speriment, ek's-]vi. 尝试；进行实验lad [læd]n. 少年，小伙子；家伙shape [ʃeip]n. 形状；模型；身材；具体化; vt. 形成；塑造，使成形；使符合; vi. 形成；成形；成长shape into形成earnest ['ə:nist]adj. 认真的，热心的；重要的; n. 认真；定金；诚挚mischievous ['mistʃivəs]adj. 淘气的；（人、行为等）恶作剧的；有害的daring ['dεəriŋ]adj. 大胆的，勇敢的; n. 胆量，勇气; v. 敢（dare的现在分词）ingenuity [,indʒi'nju:əti]n. 心灵手巧，独创性；精巧；精巧的装置declaration [,deklə'reiʃən]n. （纳税品等的）申报；宣布；公告；申诉书Para 16:character ['kærəktə]n. 性格，品质；特性；角色；[计] 字符; vt. 印，刻；使具有特征drag [dræɡ]vt. 拖累；拖拉；缓慢而吃力地行进; vi. 拖曳；缓慢而吃力地行进; n. 拖；拖累juvenile ['dʒu:vənail, -nil]adj. 青少年的；幼稚的; n. 青少年；少年读物pariah ['pæriə]n. 贱民（印度的最下阶级）huckleberry ['hʌklbəri]n. [植] 黑果木；越橘类植物Finn [fin]n. 芬兰人drunkard ['drʌŋkəd]n. 酒鬼，醉汉flee [fli:]vi. 逃走；消失，消散; vt. 逃跑，逃走；逃避respectable [ri'spektəbl]adj. 值得尊敬的；人格高尚的；相当数量的; n. 可敬的人puritanical [,pjuəri'tænikəl]adj. 清教徒的；极端拘谨的widow ['widəu]vt. 使成寡妇; n. 寡妇；孀妇Douglas ['dʌɡləs]n. 道格拉斯（男子名）；道格拉斯（英国马恩岛首府）huck [hʌk]n. 一种粗麻布protest [prəu'test, 'prəu-]vi. 抗议；断言; vt. 抗议；断言; n. 抗议; adj. 表示抗议的；抗议性的ain't [eint]prep. 不是（等于are not，am not）widder ['widə]n. <方>=widoweat [i:t]vt. 吃，喝；腐蚀；烦扰; vi. 进食；腐蚀，侵蚀bell [bel]n. 铃，钟；钟声，铃声；钟状物git [ɡit]n. 饭桶awful [[ˈɔ:ful,ˈɔːfl]]adj. 可怕的，庄严的reg [reɡ]n. 汽车牌照LAR [lɑ:]abbr. 液体燃料航空火箭（Liquid Aircraft Rocket）Para 17:raft [rɑ:ft, ræft]n. 筏；救生艇；（美）大量; vt. 筏运；制成筏; vi. 乘筏flight [flait]n. 飞行；班机；逃走; vt. 射击；使惊飞; vi. 迁徙runaway ['rʌnə,wei]adj. 逃亡的；逃走的; n. 逃跑；逃走的人present ['prezənt, pri'zent]vt. 提出；介绍；呈现；赠送; vi. 举枪瞄准; adj. 现在的；出席的; n. 现在；礼物；瞄准panorama [,pænə'rɑ:mə]n. 全景，全貌；全景画；概论exploration [,eksplɔ:'reiʃən]n. 探测；探究；踏勘Para 18:ultimate ['ʌltimət]adj. 最终的；极限的；根本的; n. 终极；根本；基本原则pace [peis, 'peisi]n. 一步；步速；步法; vi. 踱步；缓慢而行; vt. 踱步于；用步测deplore [di'plɔ:]vt. 谴责；悲悼；哀叹；对…深感遗憾regularity [,reɡju'lærəti]n. 规则性；整齐；正规；匀称energy ['enədʒi]n. [物] 能量；精力；活力；精神sapping ['sæpiŋ]n. 挖掘；下切；基蚀; v. 使排出汁液；使成边材（sap的ing形式）clamor ['klæmə]n. 喧闹，叫嚷；大声的要求; vi. 喧嚷，发喧嚣声；持续地喊声; vt. 喧嚷着说出Para 19:ingredient [in'ɡri:diənt]n. 原料；要素；组成部分; adj. 构成组成部分的robust [rəu'bʌst, 'rəubʌst]adj. 强健的；健康的；粗野的；粗鲁的lay [lei]vt. 躺下；产卵；搁放; adj. 世俗的；外行的; n. 位置；短诗；花纹方向; vi. 下蛋；打赌; v. 躺；位于（lie的过去式）[ 过去式laid 过去分词laid 现在分词laying ]shelf [ʃelf]n. 架子；搁板；搁板状物occasionally [ə'keiʒənəli, əu-]adv. 偶而，间或renew [ri'nju:]vt. 使更新；续借；复兴；重申; vi. 更新；重新开始edge [edʒ]n. 边缘；优势；刀刃；锋利; vt. 使锐利；将…开刃；给…加上边; vi. 缓缓移动；侧着移动Para 20:haunt [hɔ:nt]vt. 常出没于…；萦绕于…；经常去…; vi. 出没；作祟; n. 栖息地；常去的地方pneumonia [nju:'məunjə]n. 肺炎explosion [ik'spləuʒən]n. 爆炸；爆发；激增spinal ['spainəl]adj. 脊髓的；脊柱的；针的；脊骨的；尖刺的; n. 脊椎麻醉meningitis [,menin'dʒaitis]n. 脑膜炎[ 复数meningitides ]succumb [sə'kʌm]vi. 屈服；死；被压垮Florence ['flɔrəns]n. 佛罗伦萨（意大利都市名）；弗洛伦斯（女子名）epileptic [,epi'leptik]n. 癫痫患者; adj. 癫痫的，癫痫性的drown [draun]vt. 淹没；把…淹死; vi. 淹死；溺死upstair ['ʌp'stɛə]adj. 在楼上的；高级的（等于upstairs）; adv. 在楼上；在较高地位bathtub ['bɑ:θtʌb]n. 浴缸Para 21:bitterness ['bitənis]n. 苦味；苦难；怨恨moralize ['mɔrəlaiz, 'mɔ:-]vt. 教化，从道德上解释；从…引出道德教训; vi. 说教；讲道德moralizing ['mɔrəlaiziŋ]v. 说教；使有德行（moralize的ing形式）pad [[pæd]]n. 衬垫；护具；便笺簿；填补; vi. 步行；放轻脚步走; vt. 填补；走glove [ɡlʌv]n. 手套; vt. 给…戴手套come off举行，成功；表现；脱离biting ['baitiŋ]adj. 刺痛的；辛辣的; v. 咬；抓住；刺进；欺骗（bite的ing形式）satire ['sætaiə]n. 讽刺；讽刺文学，讽刺作品praise [preiz]n. 赞扬；称赞；荣耀；崇拜; vt. 赞美，歌颂；表扬; vi. 赞美；赞扬massacre ['mæsəkə]vt. 残杀；彻底击败; n. 大屠杀；惨败Philippine ['filipi:n]adj. 菲律宾的；菲律宾人的; n. 菲律宾人Moro ['mɔ:rəu; 'məu-]n. 摩洛族；摩洛语bowl [bəul]n. 碗；木球；大酒杯; vi. 玩保龄球；滑动；平稳快速移动; vt. 投球；旋转；平稳快速移动crater ['kreitə]n. 火山口；弹坑; vt. 在…上形成坑；取消；毁坏; vi. 形成坑；消亡insist [in'sist]vt. 坚持，强调; vi. 坚持，强调drop [drɔp]vt. 滴；使降低；使终止；随口漏出; vi. 下降；终止; n. 滴；落下；空投；微量；滴剂illusion [i'lju:ʒən]n. 幻觉，错觉；错误的观念或信仰providence ['prɔvidəns]n. 天意；深谋远虑Para 22:crumble ['krʌmbl]vi. 崩溃；破碎，粉碎; vt. 崩溃；弄碎，粉碎; n. 面包屑dictate [dik'teit, 'dikteit]vt. 命令；口述；使听写; vi. 口述；听写; n. 命令；指示autobiography [,ɔ:təubai'ɔɡrəfi]n. 自传；自传文学crushing ['krʌʃiŋ]adj. 压倒的；决定性的；不能站起来；支离破碎的sense [sens]n. 感觉，官能；观念；道理；理智despair [di'spεə]n. 绝望；令人绝望的人或事; vi. 绝望，丧失信心earthly ['ə:θli]adj. 地球的；尘世的；可能的vanish ['væniʃ]vi. 消失；突然不见；成为零; vt. 使不见，使消失; n. 弱化音consequence ['kɔnsi,kwəns]n. 结果；重要性；推论foolishness ['fu:liʃnis]n. 愚蠢；可笑lament [lə'ment]n. 挽歌；恸哭；悲痛之情; vi. 哀悼；悲叹；悔恨; vt. 哀悼；痛惜。
mark twain—mirror of america翻译,修辞汇总
Mark Twain—the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn’s idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure。
In—deed，this nation's best—loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well – one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him，a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中,马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克？费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆？索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事.的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度.但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克？吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer，river pilot , Confederate guerrilla，prospector，starry—eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic：The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life，digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer。
(完整版)高英-Mark-Twain—Mirror-of-America原文+翻译+修辞
Mark Twain-the Mirror of America1 Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well – one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
2 Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
(完整word版)高级英语mark_twain—mirror_of_america翻译
Mark Twain-the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well –one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。
高级英语Mark Twain Mirror of America
Worked for realism Dealt largely with the lower strata of society Famous for his theories of localism and colloquial(方言的) style Influenced Sherwood Anderson, Ernest Hemingway, J. D. Salinger and etc.
Reporter
San Francisco (para. 8) Mistreatment of Chinese (para. 9)
Correspondent
Europe and the Holy Land(para.12) Turkey(para. 13)
Writer
The Adventures of Tom Sawyer The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (para. 14-19)
A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court(1889) The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg (1900) Mysterious Straliam Dean Howells
Henry James
National Geographic
It has been published continuously since its first issue in 1888. It primarily contains articles about geography, history, and world culture.
Is there real free-lunch in the world? Maybe there is!
The mirror of America解析
•马克· 吐温收到一封信。这是一位青年人写来的，他想向马克· 吐温请教成为大作家的 诀窍。信中说：“听说鱼含大量的磷质，而磷是有利于脑子的。看来要成为一个大作 家，一定要吃很多鱼吧？但不知道你究竟吃的什么？又吃了多少呢？”马克· 吐温回信 说“看来，你得吃一条鲸才行。
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about "mark twain-mirror of America"
Mark Twain -Mirror of America
——王漫 宋盼 谭默然 黄洋 陶丹宇 郝萌星 熊均霞
1.About mark twain （黄洋）
马克吐温趣事
•一次马克吐温参加宴会，席间他对一位贵妇说：“夫人，你太美丽了！”不 料那妇人却说：“先生，可是遗憾得很，我不能用同样的话回答你。头脑灵 敏，言辞犀利的马克· 吐温笑着回答：“那没关系，你也可以像我一样说假话。 "
A. the exploration of Twain's personal life was put into the context of major events in the America historical period of his time, such as civil war, western Expansion, and gold Rush.
• 金矿被发现后，美国沸腾，世界震撼。近在咫尺的圣弗朗西斯 科首先感受到了淘金热的冲击，几乎所有的企业停止了营业， 海员把船只抛弃在了圣弗朗西斯科湾，士兵离开了营房，仆人 离开了主人，涌向金矿发源地，农民典押田宅，拓荒者卡垦荒 地，工人扔下工具，公务员离开写字台，甚至连传教士也离开 了布道所。这股热潮一直席卷到圣弗朗西斯科北部的俄勒冈及 南部的墨西哥。成千上万的淘金者使加利福尼亚人口猛增。并 且许多新近出现的城镇很快成为国际性的城市。 • 淘金热期间，由于人口的急剧增长，使得衣食住行变得陡然紧 张，特别是服务业的发展无法满足社会的需要。且1848-1851年 间，美国批发商品的价格指数847提高到1025，这些情况都反映 这次淘金热对美国西部及市场产生了深远的影响。 • 自1854年起，加利福尼亚的淘金热成下降趋势，黄金产值下降， 但整个采金业取向深度和广度发展。第二次采金热是50年代在 科罗拉多发现金矿至70年代在内华达发现金矿。这时采集矿种 增多，并因此使美国作为最大的产金国的地位一直保持到1898 年。同时，由于技术的发展使得商人、工业、企业家纷纷形成 采矿公司，并逐步控制了采矿区。
高级英语mark_twain—mirror_of_america翻译
Mark Twain-the Mirror of AmericaMost Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure. In-deed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as ad-venturous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well –one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.在大多数美国人的心目中，马克?吐温是位伟大作家，他描写了哈克?费恩永恒的童年时代中充满诗情画意的旅程和汤姆?索亚在漫长的夏日里自由自在历险探奇的故事。
的确，这位美国最受人喜爱的作家的探索精神、爱国热情、浪漫气质及幽默笔调都达到了登峰造极的程度。
但我发现还有另一个不同的马克?吐温——一个由于深受人生悲剧的打击而变得愤世嫉俗、尖酸刻薄的马克?吐温，一个为人类品质上的弱点而忧心忡忡、明显地看到前途是一片黑暗的人。
Tramp printer, river pilot , Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms (12 feet) of water -- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.印刷工、领航员、邦联游击队员、淘金者、耽于幻想的乐天派、语言尖刻的讽刺家：马克?吐温原名塞缪尔?朗赫恩?克莱门斯，他一生之中有超过三分之一的时间浪迹美国各地，体验着美国的新生活，尔后便以作家和演说家的身分将他所感受到的这一切介绍给全世界。