名词性从句
名 词 性 从 句
名词性从句名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连词有：A.连词：that, whether, if（这三个词都不作从句的成分，同时，that无含义，而whether 和if都表“是否”）B.疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, whichC.疑问副词：when, where, why, how（一）主语从句在复合句中充当主语的从句。
1.that引导主语从句that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词，既无词义也不作成分，只起单纯的连接作用，且通常不可以省。
为了强调that引导的主语从句而置之于句首时，that不可省。
①That the driver could not control his car was obvious.②That she was chosen made us very happy.③That he will come is certain.④That he would take the risk is true.⑤That he should have married her isn't surprising.★通常，that引导主语从句时用it做形式主语，把从句置于句尾，此时that有时可省。
例如：①It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.②It made us very happy that she was chosen.③It is certain that he will come.④It is true that he would take the risk.⑤It isn't surprising (that) he should have married her.★如果以that从句为主语的句子是疑问句，就只能用先行词it结构。
名词性从句总结
名词性从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句(Noun Clauses).名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语，形容词宾语等。
因此按照它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可别离称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
主要考查语序问题，连接词的选用，时态呼应等。
◆名词性从句的一路点：1）主句和从句之间不能用逗号隔开2）从句部份用陈述句语序◆引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether ,if 不充当从句的任何成份连接代词：what, whatever( anything that), who, whom,whoever (anyone who), whose, which,whichever连接副词：when, where, how, why一 . 主语从句作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever和连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。
that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成份。
That she is still alive is a miracle.It doesn’t matter whether they will come or not.It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.What he wants to tell us is not clear.Who will win the match is still unknown.Whichever book you like would be bought for you as a present.Whatever I do is for the good of you.Whoever leaves the room last ought toturn off the lights.When we should close the shop on the holiday has not been decided.Where the meeting will be held has not yet been announced.It is known to us how he became a writer.Why he did so has not been clear.★有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常常利用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语，而把主语从句置于句末。
名词性从句
名词性从句分类
名词性从句定义：功能上相当于一个名词，可以 在复合句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语。 名词性从句分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从 句、同位语从句。请顾名思义。
•
•
名词性从句引导词
•
连接连词：that，whether，if
•
连接代词：what，who，whom，which，whose， whatever，whichever，whoever等。 连接副词：where，when，why，how，whenever， wherever，however等。
•
连接连词：that，whether， if
•
that在名词性从句中无意义，不作成分（名词性 从句不缺主语、宾语、表语等，且意义完整时， 考虑that。 whether和if在名从中不作成分，意为“是否”。 名从不缺主语、宾语、表语等，但是缺少“是否 ”这个意思时，考虑whether和if。
•
what，who，whom，which
主语从句注意事项
• •
单个主从作主语，主句谓语用单数 当that不在句首，而是如“it is/was+形容词/名 词/-ed+that从句”之类的句子一样，出现在后面 时，that可省略。此时，it为形主，that引导的 从句为真正主语。
宾语从句注意事项
that在宾语从句中一般可省略。 that在宾从中，在以下情况下不省略：
•
名从缺主、宾、表，指物，用what，意为“什么 ”；名从缺定，表“什么样的”，用what。 名从缺主、宾、表，指人，用who或whom（whom专 作宾）意为“谁”。
•
•
which意为“哪一个，哪一些”，可作主、宾、表 、定。请注意与what之间区分，两词意思不同。
名词性从句
3) It +不及物动词+从句
It happened that...
碰巧……
It occurred to me that…我突然想起…
*_I_t _h_a_p_p_en_e_d__th_a_t___(刚好)I came into the office at that time.
*_It_o_c_c_u_r_re_d__to__m_e_t_h_a_t ___(我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.
3. 作形容词或过去分词的宾语，例如:
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
I am sure (that) he will win the game.
She was surprised/pleased that he had passed the exam.
The fact is that we have lost the game.
表语从句
The news that we won the game is exciting.
同位语从句
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类: 连接词: that, whether, if 连接代词: what, whatever, who, whoever, whomever，which ，whichever，whose. 连接副词: when, where, how, why
名词性从句
名词性从句1、名词性从句：用从句来充当句子中的名词成分。
分为：主语从句/表语从句/宾语从句/同位语从句。
名词性从句不能用逗号和主句分隔。
【补充知识】连接词：连接主句和从句的词That/whether/if/who/what/which/whatever/whichever/whoever/whomever/When/why/where2、主语从句：充当主句中主语的成分的句子称为主语从句。
（1）陈述句作主语从句：（That+从句）+谓语+其他Ex. You didn't come. It is a pity. 你错过这堂课是个遗憾→That you didn’t come is a pity. → It is a pity that you didn’t come.PS.形式主语it指代主语从句作主语，从句后置，起到平衡句子的作用。
It做形式主语和形式宾语时除了从句，还可以替代不定式或者分词结构等。
Ex. It is a waste of time playing video games.It is important to learn English.Exercise：翻译句子我上初中了是个事实。
→That I am in middle school is a fact.→It is a fact that I am in middle school.（2）一般疑问句作主语从句：（whether+从句）+谓语+其他，注意从句要改回陈述语序。
Ex. Do I know him? It is not important.我知不知道他并不重要。
→Whether I know him is not important.→It is not important whether I know him.Exercise: 合并句子Are they students? It is not clear.→Whether they are students is not clear.→It is not clear whether they are students. （3）特殊疑问句作主语从句：（特殊疑问词+从句）+谓语+其他，从句改回陈述语序。
名词性从句(整理完整版)
名词性从句一、定义：名词性从句在功能上相当于名词，是一个句子分别充当另一个句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语，由此被称为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句和同位语从句。
辨别下列从句属于哪种名词性从句并分析：1）Why they haven’t left yet is unclear.2）It was good news that everyone got back safely.3）Polly didn’t know which way she should go.4）I’m interested in who that tall man is.5）We all thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.6）My question is whether Polly can find her way home.7）The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity.总结：名词性从句主要由陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句充当。
1）陈述句充当名词性从句时，由that引导；2）一般疑问句充当名词性从句时，由if或whether 引导从句；3）特殊疑问句充当名词性从句时，由疑问词本身做连词引导从句。
4）名词性从句的语序应使用陈述句语序，不可用一般问句语序。
二、引导名词性从句的从属连词及从句语序1.连接词that；功能1）不充当句子成分2）无词义3）只起连接作用。
2.if/whether;功能：1）意为“是否”，有词义2）不做句子成分3）起连接作用翻译:1）I know that he will come this evening.___________________________________________2) Whether we will go there or not hasn’t been decided yet.______________________________3.连接代词：what(ever), which(ever), who(ever), whom(ever), whose(ver)功能：1）有词义2）引起从句3）且在从句中充当一定的句子成分，常做从句中的主语、宾语、表语和定语。
名词性从句英译汉例句
名词性从句英译汉例句1. I don't know when she will arrive.I don't know when she will arrive.我不知道她什么时候会到达。
2. He asked where I had been.He asked where I had been.他问我去哪了。
他们想知道为什么他没有来参加派对。
4. She told me that she likes to travel.She told me that she likes to travel.她告诉我她喜欢旅行。
5. Can you tell me how to use this software?Can you tell me how to use this software?你能告诉我如何使用这个软件吗？6. I believe what he said is true.I believe what he said is true.我相信他说的是真的。
你知道谁赢得了比赛吗？每个人了解他们的食物来自哪里是很重要的。
9. She wonders if it will rain tomorrow.She wonders if it will rain tomorrow.她想知道明天会不会下雨。
10. I can't remember what he said last night.I can't remember what he said last night.我记不得他昨天晚上说了什么。
11. He doesn't know why she left without saying goodbye.He doesn't know why she left without saying goodbye.他不知道她为什么没有告别就离开了。
12. The teacher asked who had finished the assignment.The teacher asked who had finished the assignment.老师问谁完成了任务。
名词性从句的引导词及从属关系
名词性从句的引导词及从属关系名词性从句是英语语法中的一种从句类型，起到名词的作用。
它可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语等成分，从而帮助完整表达句子的意思。
名词性从句的引导词是连接主句与从句的关键，不同的引导词所表示的从属关系也会有所不同。
本文将介绍常见的名词性从句引导词及其从属关系。
一、名词性从句的引导词1. that引导的名词性从句that可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等。
例如：- 主语从句：That he is innocent is beyond doubt.（他的清白是毋庸置疑的。
）- 宾语从句：She believes that he will come back soon.（她相信他很快就会回来。
）- 表语从句：The fact is that he is always late.（事实是，他总是迟到。
）- 同位语从句：The news that he won the award spread quickly.（他获奖的消息迅速传开。
）2. whether/if引导的名词性从句whether和if都可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句等。
例如：- 主语从句：Whether he will attend the meeting is still uncertain.（他是否参加会议仍然不确定。
）- 宾语从句：I don't know whether/if she is coming with us.（我不知道她是否和我们一起来。
）- 表语从句：The question is whether/if she is qualified for the job.（问题是，她是否具备这份工作的资格。
）3. who/whom引导的名词性从句who和whom一般用于引导主语从句和宾语从句。
例如：- 主语从句：Who will be in charge of the project remains unknown.（谁将负责这个项目仍然未知。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
名词性从句 一.概念 名词性从句共有四种:1.主语从句 2.表语从句3.宾语从句 4.同位语从句
二.知识点 1.主语从句：主语从句在整个句子中作主语。 (1)主语从句中的that不充当句子的成分，只是单纯的连接词，通常不省略。分句置于句首时，that绝对不可以省略。 That the driver could not control his war was obvious. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car.
2.表语从句：表语从句出现在系动词后，充当表语。 The trouble is that we are short of money. Go and get your coat. It’s where you left it. 引导表语从句除了上述三类词外还有because, as if/ as though等等 The reason (why/for which…..) is that …… It/This/That is because…… 连系动词“appear, look, seem”的两个常用句型 It seems/appears that…. It looks/seems as if/as though……(与事实相符用陈述语气，与事实相反用虚拟语气)
3. 宾语从句：（that可以省略）及物动词，形容词和介词后加宾语从句作其宾语。 宾语从句时态与主句相呼应，但宾语从句表示的是客观真理或普遍现象除外 The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun
I am afraid (that) I have made a mistake. He will have to pay for what he has done.
当宾语从句后带宾补时，要用“主语+谓语+it +宾补+that+从句, that不可省略 I think it certain that she will do well in her exam.
that在宾语从句常可以省略，但由and或 but连接两个或多个宾语从句时，仅可以省略第一个连词that He said (that) he had eaten nothing and that he wasn’t hungry.
注意区别if引导的宾语从句和条件状语从句 I don’t know if he will come. （if是否） If he comes, I’ll let you know. （if 如果）
4.同位语从句：（that不可省略）对前面的名词进一步说明。 用在下列名词 fact, truth, news, idea, hope, belief, thought, doubt, order, suggestion, word etc. The teacher told us the fact that the earth moves around the sun There is no doubt that he will come. There is doubt whether he will come.
His suggestion that we (should) go for an outing cheered us up. Word came that Napoleon would come to inspect them.
that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 在同位语从句中：that不作成分，不可以省略；
在定语从句中：that作成分，且作宾语时可以省略 We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school. 同位语 We are interested in the news (that/which) he told us. 定语从句
when, where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别： 在定语从句中，when, where前有分别表示时间、地点的先行词；而在同位语从句中无此对应关系 They have no idea at all where he has gone.(同位语从句) Go and get your coat. It’s in the place where you left it. (定语从句)
三．注意点： 1. 疑问词whatever/ whoever/ however/whenever等既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而no matter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句
总体规律：whatever/whoever等词的使用范围比no matter what/who等要广 No matter what happens, he will not mind. (√) 让步状语从句（用逗号隔开）
= Whatever happens, he will not mind. (√) 让步状语从句 No matter what you say is very important. (×) Whatever you say is very important. (√) 主语从句（名词性从句）
I believe whatever he says. Whatever he says, I will never believe him. 2.who与 whoever的区别 who是“谁”的意思，表示具有疑问，whoever相当于anyone who“无论谁” Whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. Can you tell me who that gentleman is?
6．当从句缺少主语、宾语或表语时，引导词通常用what。 What impressed me most was her excellent performance. What we can’t get seems better than what we have. What seems beneficial to us may be unfavorable for others.
7. 注意区分it… that…结构引导主语从句还是强调句 主语从句it指代句中that引导的内容（通常较长），去掉It is/was, that，句子不成立 强调句句型：It is/was+被强调部分+that, 去掉It is/was, that，句子仍然成立。 It is natural that they should have different views. 主语从句 It is known to all that the earth is round.主语从句 It is only lately that he has had a family himself. 强调句 What was it that he wanted? I don’t know what it was that he wanted. 强调句 It was in the hotel where he stayed that we discussed the serious problem 强调句
8. 连词whether和 if有时可以互换，但注意下列情况 总体规律：whether的使用范围比if要广 （1）后面出现or not时，用whether I want to know whether or not they will come. (2 ) 连接词后直接加不定式，不能用if只能用whether He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. (3 )whether可以防句首，而if不能
Whether he will come, I am not sure. It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing tomorrow. (√)（if可引导主语从句） If he will leave forBeijingtomorrow is uncertain. (×)
Whether he will leave forBeijingtomorrow is uncertain. (√) (4 ) 表语从句中只能用whether The doubt is whether he will come. (5 ) 同位语中只能用whether The question whether he is honest is not settled. (6 ) 介宾从句中只能用whether ; 动宾从句则if 和whether都可用 He was interested in whether he saw her there.
I don’t know if/ whether he is at home 练习：名词性从句 一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1. China is no longer what it used to be. 2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all. 3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. 5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 7. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about. 9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school?