(完整版)管理学—应用词汇中英文对照表
管理学英语词汇
管理学英语词汇（1）目标mission/objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment外部环境external environment计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学behavior science生产率productivity 激励motivate动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product管理学必备英语词汇服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory（2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach 管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system管理学必备英语词汇表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle 投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture目标管理management by objectives 评价工具appraisal tool激励方法motivational techniques控制手段control device个人价值personal worth优势strength弱点weakness机会opportunity威胁threat 个人责任personal responsibility顾问counselor定量目标quantitative objective定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective优先priority工资表payroll（4）策略strategy政策policy灵活性discretion多种经营diversification评估assessment一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy公共关系public relation价值value抱负aspiration偏见prejudice审查review批准approval主要决定major decision分公司总经理division general manager 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix明星star问号question mark现金牛cash cow赖狗dog采购procurement人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor公司形象company image产品系列product line合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策retrenchment strategy 战术tactics(5)追随followership个性individuality性格personality安全safety自主权latitude悲观的pessimistic静止的static乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic灵活的flexible抵制resistance敌对antagonism折中eclectic(6)激励motivation潜意识subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs安全的需要security needs生理的需要physiological needs 维持maintenance保健hygiene激励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory反馈feedback奖金bonus股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward(7)特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills 行政管理能力administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader民主式领导democratic leader自由放任式领导free-rein leader管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency服从obedience领导行为leader behavior支持型领导supportive leadership参与型领导participative leadership指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership汉语新难词英译保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non-performing loan层层转包和违法分包multi-level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five-category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood-prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计follow-up auditing工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state-owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro-active fiscal policy 基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges, fund-raising,quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currencyunder false pretenses,not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion,tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information-based; informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power;Knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises 下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel 三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law-and-order situation民族国家nation state“**”"independence of Taiwan"台湾当局T aiwan authorities台湾同胞T aiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
管理学英语词汇
管理学英语词汇(1）目标mission/ objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment外部环境external environment计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学behavior science生产率productivity激励motivate 动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product管理学必备英语词汇服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory（2)经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social—technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach 数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach 管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system管理学必备英语词汇表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor—hours lost 销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear 忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine—hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle 投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture目标管理management by objectives 评价工具appraisal tool激励方法motivational techniques控制手段control device个人价值personal worth优势strength弱点weakness机会opportunity威胁threat个人责任personal responsibility顾问counselor定量目标quantitative objective 定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective优先priority工资表payroll（4)策略strategy政策policy灵活性discretion多种经营diversification评估assessment一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy公共关系public relation价值value抱负aspiration偏见prejudice审查review批准approval主要决定major decision分公司总经理division general manager 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix明星star问号question mark现金牛cash cow赖狗dog采购procurement人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor公司形象company image产品系列product line合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策retrenchment strategy战术tactics（5）追随followership个性individuality性格personality安全safety自主权latitude悲观的pessimistic静止的static乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic灵活的flexible抵制resistance敌对antagonism折中eclectic(6）激励motivation潜意识subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs安全的需要security needs生理的需要physiological needs 维持maintenance保健hygiene激励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory 反馈feedback奖金bonus股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward(7)特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills 行政管理能力administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader民主式领导democratic leader自由放任式领导free-rein leader管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency服从obedience领导行为leader behavior支持型领导supportive leadership 参与型领导participative leadership 指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement—oriented leadership汉语新难词英译保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non—performing loan层层转包和违法分包multi—level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five—category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood—prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non-bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计follow—up auditing 工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state—owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro-active fiscal policy 基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges, fund—raising, quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency under false pretenses，not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending安居工程housing project for low-income urban residents信息化information—based；informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power; Knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas-funded enterprises 下岗职工laid-off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel 三角债chain debts素质教育education for all—round development豆腐渣工程jerry—built projects社会治安情况law-and—order situation 民族国家nation state“＊＊" "independence of T aiwan”台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分.Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory。
管理学英语词汇 -
管理学英语词汇管理学英语词汇目标mission/ objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment 外部环境external environment 计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness 效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management现代经营管理modern operational management 行为科学behavior science生产率productivity激励motivate动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory（2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach 人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost 销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service 策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate 资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product 竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibilityAutomated inspection 自动化检验automatic assembly system 自动化装配系统applied biomechanics 应用生物力学CAD/CAM 计算机辅助设计与制造computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机整合制造系统data structure 数据结构data base management system 数据库管理系统decision analysis 决策分析engineering economy 工程经济engineering statistics 工程统计facilities planning 设施规划factory diagnoisis and improvement method 工厂诊断与改善方法financial and cost analysis 财务与成本分析fuzzy theory and application 模糊理论与应用human-computer interaction (HCI)人因工程与计算机系统human factors engineering 人因工程human information processing 人类讯息处理human-machine system design 人机系统设计human resource management 人力资源管理human system diagnosis and improvement 人体系统诊断与改善industrial environment evaluation 工业环境评估industrial organizations and management 工业组织与管理industrial safety 工业安全information technology 信息技术intellectual property laws 智慧财产权法knowledge engineering 知识工程linear algebra 线性代数manufacturing automation 制造自动化manufacturing engineering 制造工程manufacturing management 制造管理manufacturing process 制造程序manufacturing systems and management 制造系统与管理market and marketing 市场与行销material flows automation 物流自动化mathematical programming 数学规划multicriteria decision making 多目标规划multi-criteria decision methods 多准则决策分析network analysis 网络分析numerical analysis 数值分析organization and management 组织与管理product and technology development management 产品与技术开发管理production management 生产管理production planning and control 生产计划与管制quality control 质量管理quality engineering 品质工程quality management techniques and practice 品质管理queueing theory 等候线理论reliability engineering 可靠度工程research，development and innovation management研究发展管理semiconductor production management 半导体生产管理sequencing and scheduling 排序与排程simulation 模拟分析statistical method 统计方法stochastic processes 随机系统strategic management of technology 技术策略system analysis and design in large scale 大型系统分析与设计system performance evaluation 系统绩效评估技术system quality assurance engineering 系统品质保证工程systems engineering 系统工程systems simulation 系统仿真vision and colors 视觉与色彩work physiology 工作生理学work study 工作研究Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/ President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager's Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer 计算机硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/ Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff 项目策划人员Promotional Manager 推售部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购进货员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research＆.Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Software Engineer 计算机软件工程师Supervisor 监管员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Systems Engineer 系统工程师Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑Technical Translator 技术翻译Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive电讯（电信）员Telephonist / Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员Translator 翻译员Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员Wordprocessor Operator 文字处理操作员目标 mi ssion/ objective集体目标 group objective内部环境 internal environment外部环境 external environment计划 planning 组织 organizing 人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling 步骤 process 原理 princi ple方法 technique 经理 manager总经理 general manager行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor 企业 enterp rise商业 busine ss产业 indu stry公司 company效果 effectiven ess效率 efficiency 企业家 entreprene ur权利 power职权 authority 职责 resp onsibility科学管理 scie ntific management现代经营管理 modern operational management行为科学behavior science 生产率productivity激励motivate动机motive法律 la w法规regulation经济体系 econ omic system管理职能 managerial function产品 pr oduct服务 serv ice利润 profit 满意 satisf action归属 affili ation尊敬 este em自我实现 self-actualization 人力投入 human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物 capital goods机器 machiner y设备 equipm ent建筑 building 存货 inventory（2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法 the group behavior approach协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法 thesocial-technical systems approach决策理论法 the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法 the contingency approach管理任务法the managerial roles approach 经营法 the operational approach人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力 pressure 冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬 co mpensation授权 delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度 merit system表现 beha vior下级 subordinate 偏差 deviation 检验记录 inspection record误工记录 record of labor-hours lost销售量 sales volume产品质量 quality of products 先进技术 advanced technology顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure(3)领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerialdecision商业道德 businessethics有竞争力的价格 competitive price 供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突 conflict of interests派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay现金流量 cash flow工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility 投入原则 the commitmentprinciple投资回报 return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation 生产率 productivity利润率 profitability 社会责任 public responsibility董事会 board of director 组织规模 size of the organization 组织文化 organizational culture目标管理 management by objectives评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法 motivational techniques 控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat个人责任 personal responsibility 顾问 counselor定量目标 quantitative objective定性目标 qualitativeobjective可考核目标 verifiable objective 优先 priority工资表 payroll（4）策略 strategy政策 policy灵活性 discretion多种经营 diversification评估 assessment一致性 consistency应变策略 consistency strategy公共关系 publicrelation价值 value抱负 aspiration偏见 prejudice审查 review批准 approval主要决定 major decision 分公司总经理 division general manager资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix明星 star问号 question mark现金牛 cash cow赖狗 dog采购 procur ement人口因素 demographic factor地理因素 geographic factor 公司形象 company image产品系列 product line合资企业 joint venture破产政策 liquidation strategy紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy 战术 tactics(5)追随 followership个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对 antagonism折中 eclectic(6)激励 motivation 潜意识 subconscious 地位 stat us情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要 needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要 esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs安全的需要 security needs生理的需要physiological needs维持maintenance保健hygiene激励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory反馈feedback奖金bonus股票期权 stock option 劳资纠纷lab or dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward(7)特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills行政管理能力 administrative ability智力intelligence专制式领导 autocr atic leader民主式领导 democr atic leader自由放任式领导 free-rein leader管理方格图 the managerial grid工作效率 work efficiency服从obedience领导行为 lead er behavior支持型领导 supportive leadership参与型领导 participativ e leadership 指导型领导 instrumental leadership成就取向型领导 achievement-oriented leadership。
企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照（大全五篇）
企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照（大全五篇）第一篇：企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照A ABC: 作业制成本制度(Activity-Based Costing)ABB: 实施作业制预算制度(Activity-Based Budgeting)ABM: 作业制成本管理(Activity-Base Management)APS: 先进规画与排程系统(Advanced Planning and Scheduling)ASP: 应用程序服务供货商（Application Service Provider）ATP: 可承诺量(Available To Promise)AVL: 认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List)BBOM: 物料清单(Bill Of Material)BPR: 企业流程再造(Business Process Reengineering)BSC:平衡记分卡(Balanced ScoreCard) BTF: 计划生产(Build To Forecast)BTO: 订单生产(Build To Order)CCPM: 要径法(Critical Path Method)CPM: 每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨(Complaint per Million)CRM: 客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management)CRP: 产能需求规划(Capacity Requirements Planning)CTO: 客制化生产(Configuration To Order)DDBR: 限制驱导式排程法(Drum-Buffer-Rope)DMT：成熟度验证(Design Maturing T esting)DVT: 设计验证(Design Verification Testing)DRP: 运销资源计划(Distribution Resource Planning)DSS: 决策支持系统(Decision Support System)EEC：设计变更／工程变更(Engineer Change)EC：电子商务(Electronic Commerce)ECRN: 原件规格更改通知(Engineer Change RequestNotice)EDI: 电子数据交换(Electronic Data Interchange) EIS: 主管决策系统(Executive Information System)EMC: 电磁相容(Electric Magnetic Capability)EOQ: 基本经济订购量(Economic Order Quantity)ERP: 企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning)F FAE: 应用工程师(Field Application Engineer)FCST: 预估(Forecast)FMS: 弹性制造系统(Flexible Manufacture System)FQC: 成品质量管理(Finish or Final Quality Control)IIPQC: 制程质量管理(In-Process Quality Control)IQC:进料质量管理(Incoming Quality Control)ISO:国际标准组织(International Organization for Standardization)ISAR: 首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)JJIT:实时管理(Just In Time)KKM：知识管理(Knowledge Management)LL4L:逐批订购法(Lot-for-Lot)LTC:最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)LUC:最小单位成本(Least Unit Cost)MMES:制造执行系统(Manufacturing Execution System)MO:制令(Manufacture Order)MPS:主生产排程(Master Production Schedule)MRO:请修(购)单(Maintenance Repair Operation)MRP:物料需求规划(Material Requirement Planning)MRPII: 制造资源计划(Manufacturing Resource Planning)NNFCF: 更改预估量的通知（Notice for Changing Forecast）OOEM:委托代工(Original Equipment Manufacture)ODM:委托设计与制造(Original Design & Manufacture)OLAP: 在线分析处理(On-Line Analytical Processing)OLTP: 在线交易处理(On-Line Transaction Processing)OPT:最佳生产技术(Optimized Production Technology)OQC:出货质量管理(Out-goingQuality Control)PPDCA: PDCA管理循环(Plan-Do-Check-Action)PDM:产品数据管理系统(Product Data Management)PERT: 计划评核术(Program Evaluation and Review Technique)PO:订单(Purchase Order) POH:预估在手量(Product on Hand)PR:采购申请（Purchase Request）QQA:质量保证(Quality Assurance)QC:质量管理(Quality Control)QCC:品管圈(Quality Control Circle)QE:质量工程(Quality Engineering)RRCCP: 粗略产能规划(Rough Cut Capacity Planning)RMA:退货验收Returned Material ApprovalROP:再订购点(Re-Order Point)SSCM:供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)SFC:现场控制(Shop Floor Control)SIS:策略信息系统(Strategic Information System)SO:订单(Sales Order)SOR:特殊订单需求(Special Order Request)SPC:统计制程管制(Statistic Process Control)TTOC:限制理论(Theory of Constraints)TPM:全面生产管理Total Production ManagementTQC:全面质量控制(Total Quality Control)TQM:全面质量管理(Total Quality Management)WWIP:在制品(Work In Process)第二篇：Roger-企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照（定稿）Roger-咨询顾问工具包：管理理论企业管理常用缩写术语中英文对照•• : 5S管理6σ：六西格玛管理A•••••••: 作业制成本制度(Activity-Based Costing)ABB: 实施作业制预算制度(Activity-Based Budgeting): 作业制成本管理(Activity-Base Management)APS: 先进规画与排程系统(Advanced Planning and Scheduling):（）ATP: 可承诺量(Available To Promise)AVL: 认可的供货商清单(Approved Vendor List)[编辑]B••••• : : : BTF: BTO: 物料清单(Bill Of Material)企业流程再造(Business Process Reengineering)平衡记分卡(Balanced ScoreCard)计划生产(Build To Forecast)订单生产(Build To Order)[编辑]C••••• : CPM: : CRP: CTO: 要径法(Critical Path Method)每一百万个使用者会有几次抱怨(Complaint per Million)客户关系管理(Customer Relationship Management)产能需求规划(Capacity Requirements Planning)客制化生产(Configuration To Order) [编辑]D•DBR: 限制驱导式排程法(Drum-Buffer-Rope)DMT：成熟度验证(Design Maturing T esting)•DVT: 设计验证(Design Verification Testing)•: 运销资源计划(Distribution Resource Planning)•DSS:(Decision Support System)•[编辑]E•••••••• EC：设计变更／工程变更(Engineer Change)：()ECRN: 原件规格更改通知(Engineer Change Request Notice)EDI: 电子数据交换(Electronic Data Interchange)EIS: 主管决策系统(Executive Information System)EMC: 电磁相容(Electric Magnetic Capability): 基本经济订购量(Economic Order Quantity): 企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning)[编辑]FFAE: 应用工程师(Field Application Engineer)• FCST: 预估(Forecast)• FMS: 弹性制造系统(Flexible Manufacture System)• FQC: 成品质量管理(Finish or Final Quality Control)•[编辑]IIPQC: 制程质量管理(In-Process Quality Control)• IQC:进料质量管理(Incoming Quality Control)•:国际标准组织(International Organization forStandardization)• ISAR: 首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request)•[编辑]J• JIT:实时管理(Just In Time)[编辑]K•：()[编辑]LL4L:逐批订购法(Lot-for-Lot)• LTC:最小总成本法(Least Total Cost)• LUC:最小单位成本(Least Unit Cost)•[编辑]M••••••:()MO:制令(Manufacture Order):()MRO:请修(购)单(Maintenance Repair Operation):(Material Requirement Planning)MRPII:(Manufacturing Resource Planning)[编辑]N• NFCF: 更改预估量的通知（Notice for Changing Forecast）[编辑]O:(Original Equipment Manufacture)•:(Original Design & Manufacture)• OLAP:(On-Line Analytical Processing)• OLTP: 在线交易处理(On-Line Transaction Processing)•OPT:最佳生产技术(Optimized Production Technology)• OQC:出货质量管理(Out-going Quality Control)•[编辑]P•••••• PDCA: PDCA管理循环(Plan-Do-Check-Action):产品数据管理系统(Product Data Management): 计划评核术(Program Evaluation and Review Technique)PO:订单(Purchase Order)POH:预估在手量(Product on Hand)PR:采购申请（Purchase Request）[编辑]Q:质量保证(Quality Assurance)• QC:质量管理(Quality Control)• :(Quality Control Circle)• QE:质量工程(Quality Engineering)• [编辑]RRCCP: 粗略产能规划(Rough Cut Capacity Planning)• RMA:退货验收Returned Material Approval• :再订购点(Re-Order Point)•[编辑]S••••••:供应链管理(Supply Chain Management)SFC:(Shop Floor Control):策略信息系统(Strategic Information System)SO:订单(Sales Order)SOR:特殊订单需求(Special Order Request):统计制程管制(Statistic Process Control)• SQE:供应商质量工程师（Supplier Quality Engineer）[编辑]T:• TPM:• : •限制理论()全面生产管理Total Production Management全面质量控制(Total Quality Control)• :[编辑]W• :全面质量管理(Total Quality Management)在制品(Work In Process)第三篇：常用术语中英文对照十、常用术语中英文对照人生规划Life planning自我介绍Self-introduction 目标Target孔子Confucius《论语》The Analects of Confucius 修身养性cultivate one's moral character 儒家思想Confucianism诗歌Poem赏析Appreciation阅读理解Reading comprehension 意境Artistic conception意象Imagery情感Emotion朗诵Recite策划Consultant情景模拟Scenario simulation 记忆Memory贝多芬Beethoven命运交响曲Symphony of Destiny 古典音乐Classical music 莫扎特Mozart费加罗的婚礼The Marriage of Figaro 萧伯纳George Bernard Shaw 戏剧Drama理想主义Idealism人道精神Humanity反抗性Resistance辩论Debate演讲Speech主题Theme财富Wealth品格Character《红楼梦》Dream in Red Mansions 叶芝Yeats当你老了 when you are old 情景Scene道家Taoism无为而治Taoist Actionless Governance 消极避世Indifference 散文Prose小说Novel文学性Literary语言Language修辞Rhetoric敬畏生命Reverence for Life 抉择Choice普通话Mandarin个人简历Resume招聘求职Recruitment 求职信Cover letter自荐书Written submissions 岗位Post市场营销Marketing物流Logistics食品检测Food testing 高分子Macromolecule就业形势Employment situation 毕业论文Thesis摘要Abstract关键词Keyword答辩defense第四篇：会计相关术语中英文对照会计术语表►AICPA: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants 美国注册会计师协会►APB: Accounting Principles Board会计原则委员会►ASB: Auditing Standards Board(AICPA)(美国注册会计师协会)审计准则委员会►ARSC: Accounting and Review Services Committee(AICPA)(美国注册会计师协会)会计与复核服务委员会►ASC: Accounting Standards Codification会计准则汇编►ASU: Accounting Standards Update会计准则更新►CA: Chartered Accountant特许会计师►CAQ: Center for Audit Quality审计质量中心►CICA: Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants加拿大特许会计师协会►CSEC: Consulting Services Executive Committee(AICPA)(美国注册会计师协会)咨询服务执行委员会►EITF: Emerging Issues Task Force(FASB)(美国财务会计准则委员会)紧急事务委员会►FAF: Financial Accounting Foundation财务会计基金会►FASB: Financial Accounting Standards Board美国财务会计准则委员会►FCA: Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants特许会计师公众成员►FinREC: Financial Reporting Executive Committee财务报告执行委员会►FSP: FASB Staff Position(FASB)(美国财务会计准则委员会)工作人员立场公告►GAAP(US): Generally Accepted Accounting Principles（美国）一般公认会计原则►GAAS: Generally Accepted Auditing Standards一般公认审计准则►IAASB: International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board(IFAC)国际审计与可信性保证准则理事会(国际会计师联合会) ►IAESB: International Accounting Education Standards Board(IFAC)(国际会计师联合会)国际会计教育准则理事会►IASB: International Accounting Standards Board国际会计准则委员会►IAS: International Accounting Standards国际会计准则►IESBA: International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants(IFAC)(国际会计师联合会)国际会计师职业道德准则理事会►IFAC: International Federation of Accountants国际会计师联合会►IFRIC: International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee(IASB)(国际会计准则委员会)国际财务报告解释委员会►IOSCO: International Organization of Securities Commissions国际公共部门会计准则►IPSAS: International Public Sector Accounting Standards国际公共部门会计准则►IPSASB: International Public Sector Accounting Standards Board(IFAC)(国际会计师联合会)国际公共部门会计准则理事会►PCAOB: Public Company Accounting Oversight Board公众公司会计监督委员会►PPEC: Public Practice Executive Committee(CAQ)(审计质量中心)公共实践执行委员会►SAB: Staff Accounting Bulletins(SEC)(美国证监会)首会办会计公告►SEC(US): Securities and Exchange Commission美国证监会►SEC Regulations Committee(SEC)(美国证监会)监管委员会►SFAS: Statement of Financial Accounting Standards财务会计准则公告►SIC: Standing Interpretations Committee(IASB)(国际会计准则委员会)常设解释委员会►SOP: Statements of Position(AICPA)(美国注册会计师协会)立场公告►SME: Small and Medium Sized Entities(IASB)(国际会计准则委员会)中小企业►TPA: Technical Practice Aids(AICPA)(美国注册会计师协会)技术实务支持体系/技术实务指引►VRG(US): Valuation Resource Group(FASB)（美国财务会计准则委员会）估值资源小组第五篇：篮球术语中英文对照A: Agent 经纪人。
管理学英语词汇
管理学英语词汇(1)目标mission/ objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment外部环境external environment计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management 现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学behavior science生产率productivity激励motivate 动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product管理学必备英语词汇服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self—actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory(2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach 数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach 管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system管理学必备英语词汇表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear 忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle 投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会board of director组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture目标管理management by objectives 评价工具appraisal tool激励方法motivational techniques控制手段control device个人价值personal worth优势strength弱点weakness机会opportunity威胁threat个人责任personal responsibility顾问counselor定量目标quantitative objective 定性目标qualitative objective可考核目标verifiable objective优先priority工资表payroll（4）策略strategy政策policy灵活性discretion多种经营diversification评估assessment一致性consistency应变策略consistency strategy公共关系public relation价值value抱负aspiration偏见prejudice审查review批准approval主要决定major decision分公司总经理division general manager 资产组合距阵portfolio matrix明星star问号question mark现金牛cash cow赖狗dog采购procurement人口因素demographic factor地理因素geographic factor公司形象company image产品系列product line合资企业joint venture破产政策liquidation strategy紧缩政策retrenchment strategy战术tactics（5）追随followership个性individuality性格personality安全safety自主权latitude悲观的pessimistic静止的static乐观的optimistic动态的dynamic灵活的flexible抵制resistance敌对antagonism折中eclectic(6）激励motivation潜意识subconscious地位status情感affection欲望desire压力pressure满足satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要esteem needs归属的需要affiliation needs安全的需要security needs生理的需要physiological needs 维持maintenance保健hygiene激励因素motivator概率probability强化理论reinforcement theory 反馈feedback奖金bonus股票期权stock option劳资纠纷labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism人员流动turnover奖励reward(7）特许经营franchise热诚zeal信心confidence鼓舞inspire要素ingredient忠诚loyalty奉献devotion作风style品质trait适应性adaptability进取性aggressiveness热情enthusiasm毅力persistence人际交往能力interpersonal skills 行政管理能力administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导autocratic leader民主式领导democratic leader自由放任式领导free—rein leader 管理方格图the managerial grid工作效率work efficiency服从obedience领导行为leader behavior支持型领导supportive leadership 参与型领导participative leadership 指导型领导instrumental leadership成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadership汉语新难词英译保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款non—performing loan层层转包和违法分包multi—level contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障 a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the five—category assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程flood—prevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构non—bank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计follow-up auditing 工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of state—owned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策pro—active fiscal policy 基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场grain sales market劣质工程shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款arbitrary charges，fund-raising, quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道financing channels商业信贷原则the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构social security institution失业保险金unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支foreign exchange revenue and spending安居工程housing project for low—income urban residents信息化information—based；informationization智力密集型concentration of brain power；Knowledge-intensive外资企业overseas—funded enterprises下岗职工laid—off workers分流reposition of redundant personnel 三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况law—and-order situation 民族国家nation state“*＊” ”independence of Taiwan”台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。
管理学必备英语词汇
管理学必备英语词汇 （1）目标 mission/ objective集体目标 group objective内部环境 internal environment外部环境 external environment计划 planning组织 organizing人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling步骤 process原理 principle方法 technique经理 manager总经理 general manager行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor企业 enterprise商业 business产业 industry公司 company效果 effectiveness效率 efficiency企业家 entrepreneur权利 power职权 authority职责 responsibility科学管理 scientific management现代经营管理 modern operational management行为科学 behavior science生产率 productivity激励 motivate动机 motive法律 law法规 regulation经济体系 economic system管理职能 managerial function产品 product服务 service利润 profit满意 satisfaction归属 affiliation尊敬 esteem自我实现 self-actualization人力投入 human input盈余 surplus收入 income成本 cost资本货物 capital goods机器 machinery设备 equipment建筑 building存货 inventory（2）经验法 the empirical approach人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法 the group behavior approach协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach 社会技术系统法 the social-technical systems approach 决策理论法 the decision theory approach数学法 the mathematical approach系统法 the systems approach随机制宜法 the contingency approach管理任务法 the managerial roles approach经营法 the operational approach人际关系 human relation心理学 psychology态度 attitude压力 pressure冲突 conflict招聘 recruit鉴定 appraisal选拔 select培训 train报酬 compensation授权 delegation of authority协调 coordinate业绩 performance考绩制度 merit system表现 behavior下级 subordinate偏差 deviation检验记录 inspection record误工记录 record of labor-hours lost销售量 sales volume产品质量 quality of products先进技术 advanced technology顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure(3)领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerial decision商业道德 business ethics有竞争力的价格 competitive price供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突 conflict of interests派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay现金流量 cash flow工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility投入原则 the commitment principle 投资回报 return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation生产率 productivity利润率 profitability社会责任 public responsibility董事会 board of director组织规模 size of the organization组织文化 organizational culture目标管理 management by objectives 评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法 motivational techniques控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat个人责任 personal responsibility顾问 counselor定量目标 quantitative objective定性目标 qualitative objective可考核目标 verifiable objective优先 priority工资表 payroll（4）策略 strategy政策 policy灵活性 discretion多种经营 diversification评估 assessment一致性 consistency应变策略 consistency strategy公共关系 public relation价值 value抱负 aspiration偏见 prejudice审查 review批准approval主要决定 major decision分公司总经理 division general manager资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix明星 star问号 question mark现金牛 cash cow赖狗 dog采购 procurement人口因素 demographic factor地理因素 geographic factor公司形象 company image产品系列 product line合资企业 joint venture破产政策 liquidation strategy紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy战术 tactics(5) 追随 followership个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对 antagonism折中 eclectic(6) 激励 motivation潜意识 subconscious地位 status情感 affection欲望 desire压力 pressure满足 satisfaction自我实现的需要 needs for self-actualization尊敬的需要 esteem needs归属的需要 affiliation needs安全的需要 security needs生理的需要 physiological needs维持 maintenance保健 hygiene激励因素 motivator概率 probability强化理论 reinforcement theory反馈 feedback奖金 bonus股票期权 stock option劳资纠纷 labor dispute缺勤率 absenteeism人员流动 turnover奖励 reward(7) 特许经营 franchise热诚 zeal信心 confidence鼓舞 inspire要素 ingredient忠诚 loyalty奉献 devotion作风 style品质 trait适应性 adaptability进取性 aggressiveness热情 enthusiasm毅力 persistence人际交往能力 interpersonal skills行政管理能力 administrative ability智力 intelligence专制式领导 autocratic leader民主式领导 democratic leader自由放任式领导 free-rein leader管理方格图 the managerial grid工作效率 work efficiency服从 obedience领导行为 leader behavior支持型领导 supportive leadership参与型领导 participative leadership指导型领导 instrumental leadership成就取向型领导 achievement-oriented leadership=========================== 声明 ===========================本资料仅供学习之用，任何组织和个人未经许可不得将此资料用于商业用途。
管理学英语专业词汇
管理学英语专业词汇Learn standards and apply them. June 22, 2023目标 mission/ objective内部环境 internal environment外部环境 external environment集体目标 group objective计划 planning组织 organizing 人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling 步骤 process原理 principle 方法 technique 经理 manager总经理 general manager行政人员 administrator 主管人员 supervisor企业 enterprise商业 business 产业 industry公司 company效果 effectiveness 效率efficiency企业家 entrepreneur权利 power 职权 authority职责 responsibility科学管理 scientific management 现代经营管理 modern operational management行为科学 behavior science 生产率 productivity激励 motivate动机 motive 法律 law法规 regulation经济体系 economic system 管理职能 managerial function产品 product服务 service 利润 profit满意 satisfaction归属 affiliation 尊敬 esteem自我实现 self-actualization人力投入 human input 盈余 surplus收入 income成本 cost资本货物 capital goods 机器 machinery设备 equipment建筑 building存货 inventory 经验法 the empirical approach人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach 集体行为法 the group behavior approach 协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach 社会技术系统法 the social-technical systems approach决策理论法 the decision theory approach 数学法 the mathematical approach系统法 the systems approach 随机制宜法 the contingency approach管理任务法 the managerial roles approach 经营法 the operational approach人际关系 human relation 心理学 psychology 态度 attitude压力 pressure冲突 conflict 招聘 recruit鉴定 appraisal选拔 select培训 train 报酬 compensation授权 delegation of authority协调 coordinate业绩 performance 考绩制度 merit system表现 behavior下级 subordinate偏差 deviation 检验记录 inspection record 误工记录 record of labor-hours lost销售量 sales volume产品质量 quality of products先进技术 advanced technology顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff 批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule 规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerial decision商业道德 business ethics有竞争力的价格 competitive price供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突 conflict of interests派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay现金流量 cash flow工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage 总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility 投入原则 the commitment principle 投资回报 return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance 个人利益 personal interest福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation生产率 productivity利润率 profitability 社会责任 public responsibility 董事会 board of director组织规模 size of the organization组织文化 organizational culture目标管理 management by objectives评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法 motivational techniques控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat 个人责任 personal responsibility顾问 counselor定量目标 quantitative objective定性目标 qualitative objective可考核目标 verifiable objective优先 priority工资表 payroll策略 strategy政策 policy灵活性 discretion多种经营 diversification评估 assessment一致性 consistency 应变策略 consistency strategy公共关系 public relation价值 value抱负 aspiration偏见 prejudice审查 review批准 approval主要决定 major decision分公司总经理 division general manager资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix明星 star问号 question mark现金牛 cash cow赖狗 dog采购 procurement人口因素 demographic factor地理因素 geographic factor公司形象 company image 产品系列 product line合资企业 joint venture破产政策 liquidation strategy 紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy 战术 tactics追随 followership 个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对 antagonism折中 eclectic激励 motivation潜意识 subconscious地位 status情感 affection欲望 desire压力 pressure满足 satisfaction 自我实现的需要 needs for self-actualization 尊敬的需要 esteem needs归属的需要 affiliation needs安全的需要 security needs生理的需要 physiological needs维持 maintenance保健 hygiene激励因素 motivator概率 probability强化理论 reinforcement theory反馈 feedback奖金 bonus股票期权 stock option劳资纠纷 labor dispute缺勤率 absenteeism人员流动 turnover奖励 reward特许经营 franchise热诚 zeal信心 confidence鼓舞 inspire要素 ingredient 忠诚 loyalty奉献 devotion作风 style品质 trait 适应性 adaptability进取性 aggressiveness热情 enthusiasm 毅力 persistence人际交往能力 interpersonal skills 行政管理能力 administrative ability 智力intelligence专制式领导 autocratic leader民主式领导 democratic leader自由放任式领导 free-rein leader管理方格图 the managerial grid工作效率 work efficiency服从 obedience领导行为 leader behavior 支持型领导 supportive leadership参与型领导 participative leadership 指导型领导 instrumental leadership 成就取向型领导achievement-oriented leadershipAutomated inspection 自动化检验 automatic assembly system 自动化装配系统 applied biomechanics 应用生物力学 CAD/CAM 计算机辅助设计与制造 computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机整合制造系统 data structure 数据结构 data base management system 数据库管理系统 decision analysis 决策分析 engineering economy 工程经济engineering statistics 工程统计 facilities planning 设施规划 factory diagnoisis and improvement method 工厂诊断与改善方法 financial and cost analysis 财务与成本分析fuzzy theory and application 模糊理论与应用 human-computer interaction HCI人因工程与计算机系统 human factors engineering 人因工程 human information processing 人类讯息处理 human-machine system design 人机系统设计 human resource management 人力资源管理human system diagnosis and improvement 人体系统诊断与改善 industrial environment evaluation 工业环境评估 industrial organizations and management 工业组织与管理industrial safety 工业安全 information technology 信息技术 intellectual property laws 智慧财产权法 knowledge engineering 知识工程 linear algebra 线性代数 manufacturing automation 制造自动化 manufacturing engineering 制造工程 manufacturing management 制造管理 manufacturing process 制造程序 manufacturing systems and management 制造系统与管理 market and marketing 市场与行销 material flows automation 物流自动化mathematical programming 数学规划 multicriteria decision making 多目标规划 multi-criteria decision methods 多准则决策分析 network analysis 网络分析 numerical analysis 数值分析 organization and management 组织与管理 product and technology development management 产品与技术开发管理 production management 生产管理 production planning and control 生产计划与管制 quality control 质量管理 quality engineering 品质工程 quality management techniques and practice 品质管理 queueing theory 等候线理论 reliabilityengineering 可靠度工程 research,development and innovation management 研究发展管理semiconductor production management 半导体生产管理 sequencing and scheduling 排序与排程 simulation 模拟分析 statistical method 统计方法 stochastic processes 随机系统strategic management of technology 技术策略 system analysis and design in large scale 大型系统分析与设计 system performance evaluation 系统绩效评估技术 system quality assurance engineering 系统品质保证工程 systems engineering 系统工程 systems simulation 系统仿真 vision and colors 视觉与色彩 work physiology 工作生理学 work study 工作研究Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人. Foreign ExchangeClerk 外汇部职员. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员 Fund Manager 财务经理 General Auditor 审计长 General Manager/ President 总经理 General Manager Assistant 总经理助理 General Manager's Secretary 总经理秘书 Hardware Engineer 计算机硬件工程师 Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员 Import Manager 进口部经理 Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员 International Sales Staff 国际销售员 Interpreter 口语翻译 Legal Adviser 法律顾问 Line Supervisor 生产线主管 Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师 Management Consultant 管理顾问 Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理 Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工 Market Analyst 市场分析员 Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理 Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理 Marketing Staff 市场销售员 Marketing Assistant 销售助理 Marketing Executive 销售主管 Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理 Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师 Mining Engineer 采矿工程师 Music Teacher 音乐教师 Naval Architect 造船工程师 Office Assistant 办公室助理 Office Clerk 职员 Operational Manager 业务经理 Package Designer 包装设计师 Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员 Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理 Plant/ Factory Manager 厂长 Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书 Product Manager 生产部经理 Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员 Programmer 电脑程序设计师 Project Staff 项目策划人员Promotional Manager 推售部经理 Proof-reader 校对员 Purchasing Agent 采购进货员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师 Real Estate Staff 房地产职员 Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘协调人 Regional Manger 地区经理 Research＆.Development Engineer 研究开发工程师 Restaurant Manager 饭店经理 Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员 Sales Assistant 销售助理 Sales Clerk 店员、售货员 Sales Coordinator 销售协调人 Sales Engineer 销售工程师 Sales Executive 销售主管 Sales Manager 销售部经理 Salesperson 销售员 Seller Representative 销售代表 Sales Supervisor 销售监管 School Registrar 学校注册主任 Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理 Secretary 秘书 Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员 Security Officer 安全人员 Senior Accountant 高级会计 Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问 Senior Employee 高级雇员 Senior Secretary 高级秘书 Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员 Software Engineer 计算机软件工程师 Supervisor 监管员 Systems Adviser 系统顾问 Systems Engineer 系统工程师 Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑 Technical Translator 技术翻译 Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive电讯电信员 Telephonist / Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游 Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管 Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员 Translator 翻译员 Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员 Wordprocessor Operator 文字处理操作员A access discrimination 进入歧视 action research 动作研究 adjourning 解散 adhocracy 特别结构 administrative principle 管理原则 artifacts 人工环境 artificial intelligence 人工智能工巧匠 avoiding learning 规避性学习 ambidextrous approach 双管齐下策略B balance sheet 资产负债表 bcg matrix 波士顿咨询集团矩阵 bona fide occupation qualifications 善意职业资格审查 bounded rationality 有限理性 bureaucracy 官僚机构benchmarking 标杆瞄准 bounded rationality perspective 有限理性方法 boundary-spanning roles 跨超边界作用Ccomputer-aided design and computer-automated manufacturingcad/cam 计算机辅助设计与计算机自动生产 confrontation 对话 consortia 企业联合 change agent 变革促进者 chaos theory 混沌理论 charismatic leaders 魅力型领导者 charity principle 博爱原则 coercive power 强制权 cohesiveness 凝聚力 collaborative management 合作型管理 comparable worth 可比较价值 competitive benchmarking 竞争性基准 confrontation meeting 碰头会 constancy of purpose 永久性目标 contingency approach 权变理论 corporate social performance 公司社会表现 corporate social responsibility公司社会责任 corporate social responsiveness 公司社会反应 critical incident 关键事件 current assets 流动资产 current liabilities 流动负债 culture strength 文化强度 creative department 创造性部门 craft technology 技艺性技术 contextual dimension 关联性维度 continuous process production 连续加工生产collectivity stage 集体化阶段 clan control 小团体控制 clan culture 小团体文化coalition 联合团体 collaborative 协作网络 centrality 集中性 centraliazation 集权化charismatic authority 竭尽忠诚的权力D decentralization 分权 democracy management 民主管理 departmentalization 部门化differential rate system 差别报酬系统 dialectical inquiry methods 辩证探求法 division of labor 劳动分工 downward mobility 降职流动 dynamic engagement 动态融合 dynamic network 动态网络 domain 领域 direct interlock 直接交叉 divisional form 事业部模式differentiation strategy 差别化战略 decision premise 决策前提 dual-core approach 二元核心模式Eelectronic data-processingedp 电子数据处理 employee-oriented style 员工导向型风格empowerment 授权 encoding 解码 end-user computing 终端用户计算系统 entrepreneurship 企业家精神 equity 净资产 equity theory 公平理论 espoused value 信仰价值 ethnocentric manager 种族主义的管理者 expectancy theory 期望理论 expense budget 支出预算 expense center 费用中心 external audit 外部审计 external stakeholders 外部利益相关者extrinsic rewards 外部奖励 ethic ombudsperson 伦理巡视官 external adaption 外部适应性elaboration stage 精细阶段 entrepreneurial stage 创业阶段 escalating commitment 顽固认同Ffamily group 家庭集团 financial statement 财务报表 flat hierarchies 扁平型结构flexible budget 弹性预算 force-field theory 场力理论 formal authority 合法权力 formal systematic appraisal 正式的系统评估 franchise 特许经营权 formalization stage 规范化阶段 functional grouping 职能组合 formal channel of communication 正式沟通渠道G game theory 博弈论 general financial condition 一般财务状况 geocentric manager 全球化管理者 general manager 总经理 globalization 全球化 gossip chain 传言链 grapevine 传言网 global strategic partnership 全球战略伙伴关系 general environment 一般环境generalist 全面战略 geographic grouping 区域组合 global company 全球公司 global geographic structure 全球区域结构H hawthorne effect 霍桑效应 heuristic principles 启发性原理 hierarchy 科层制度 hiring specification 招聘细则 horizontal linkage model 横向联系模型 hybrid structure 混合结构 high tech 高接触 high-velocity environments 高倍速环境I impoverished management 放任式管理 income statement 损益表 information transformation 信息转换 infrastructure 基础设施 integrative process 整合过程intelligent enterprises 智力企业 internal audit 内部审计 internal stakeholder 内部相关者 internship 实习 intrapreneurship 内部企业家精神 intrinsic reward 内在报酬inventory 库存, 存货 internal integration 内部整合 interorganization relationship 组织间的关系 intergroup conflict 团体间冲突 interlocking directorate 交叉董事会institutional perspective 机构的观点 intuitive decision making 直觉决策 idea champion 构思倡导者 incremental change 渐进式变革 informal organizational structure 非正式组织结构 informal performance appraisal 非正式业绩评价Jjob description 职务描述 job design 职务设计 job enlargement 职务扩大化 job enrichment 职务丰富化 job rotation 职务轮换 job specialization 职务专业化K key performance areas 关键业务区 key result areas 关键绩效区Llabor productivity index 劳动生产力指数 laissez management 自由化管理 large batch production 大批量生产 lateral communication 横向沟通 leadership style 领导风格 least preferred co-workerlpc最不喜欢的同事 legitimate power 合法权力 liability 负债liaison 联络者 line authority 直线职权 liquidity 流动性 liaison role 联络员角色 long-linked technology 纵向关联技术 losses from conflict 冲突带来的损失 low-cost leadership 低成本领先M management by objective 目标管理 Managerial Grid 管理方格matrix bosses 矩阵主管 management champion 管理倡导者materials-requirements planningMRP 物料需求计划Mslow,s hierarchy of needs 马斯洛需求层次论marketing argument 管理文化多元化营销观 multiculturalism 文化多元主义multidivisional firm 多部门公司 moral rules 道德准则management by walking aroundMBWA 走动式管理matrix structure 矩阵结构 multinational enterpriseMNE 跨国公司moral relativism 道德相对主义mechanistic system 机械式组织middle-of-the-road management 中庸式管理 meso theory 常态理论multidomestic strategy 多国化战略mediating technology 调停技术N na ve relativism 朴素相对主义 need-achievement 成就需要norming 规范化norms 规范nonprogrammed decisions 非程序化决策 nonsubstitutability 非替代性nonroutine technology 非例行技术 niche 领地O off-the-job training 脱产培训 on-the-job training 在职培训operational budget 运营预算 order backlog 订单储备organic system 有机系统 organizational developmentOD 组织发展orientation 定位 outcome interdependence 结果的相互依赖性outplacement services 外延服务organization ecosystem 组织生态系统P paradox of authority 权威的矛盾paradox of creativity 创造力的矛盾paradox of disclosure 开放的矛盾 paradox of identify 身份的矛盾paradox of individuality 个性的矛盾 paradox of regression 回归的矛盾partial productivity 部分生产率 participative management 参与式管理path-goal model 路径目标模型 peer recruiter 同级招聘political action committeesPACs 政治活动委员会polycentric manager 多中心管理者 portfolio framework 业务组合框架portfolio investment 资产组合投资 positive reinforcement 正强化production flexibility 生产柔性 profitability 收益率programmed decisions 程序化决策 psychoanalytic view 精神分析法paradigm 范式 personal ratios 人员比例pooled dependence 集合性依存 professional bureaucracy 专业官僚机构problem identification 问题识别 problemistic search 问题搜寻population ecology model 种群生态模型Q quality 质量 quality circle 质量圈question mark 问题类市场 quid pro quo 交换物R rational model of decision making 理性决策模式realistic job previewRJP 实际工作预览reciprocal interdependence 相互依存性resource dependence 资源依赖理论routine technology 例行技术 retention 保留rational approach 理性方法 rational model 理性模型rational-legal authority 理性—合法权威S semivariable cost 准可变成本 sense of potency 力量感sensitivity training 敏感性训练 sexual harassment 性骚扰short-run capacity changes 短期生产能力变化 single-strand chain 单向传言链situational approach 情境方法 situational force 情境力量situational leadership theory 情境领导理论 sliding-scale budget 移动规模预算small-batch production 小规模生产sociotechnical approaches 社会科技方法span of management 管理幅度 staffauthority 参谋职权standing plan 长设计划 step budget 分步预算stewardship principle 管家原则 stimulus 刺激storming 调整阶段 strategic management 战略管理strategic partnering 战略伙伴关系 strategy formulation 战略制定strategy implementation 战略实施 strategic control 战略控制strategic contingencies 战略权变 satisficing 满意度subsystems 子系统 subunits 子单位synergy 协同 system boundary 系统边界structure dimension 结构性维度 sequential interdependence 序列性依存self-directed team 自我管理型团队 specialist 专门战略strategy and structure changes 战略与结构变革symptoms of structural deficiency 结构无效的特征T tall hierarchies 高长型科层结构 task force or project team 任务小组或项目团队task independence 任务的内部依赖性 task management 任务型管理task-oriented style 任务导向型管理风格 total productivity 全部生产率Total Quality Management 全面质量管理 training positions 挂职培训training program 培训程序 transactional leaders 交易型领导transformational leaders 变革型领导 treatment discrimination 歧视待遇two-factory theory 双因素理论 two-boss employees 双重主管员工technical or product champion 技术或产品的倡导者U unfreezing 解冻 unit production 单位产品V variation 变种子 variety 变量valence 效价 variable costs 可变成本vertical communication 纵向沟通 vertical integration 纵向一体化vestibuletraining 仿真培训 volume flexibility 产量的可伸缩性vertical linkage 纵向连接venture team 风险团队value based leadership 基于价值的领导W win-lose situation 输赢情境 win-win situation 双赢情境workforce literacy 员工的读写能力work in progress 在制品work flow redesign 工作流程再造成 work flow automation 工作流程自动化whistle blowing 揭发Z zero-sum 零---和zone of indifferencearea of acceptance 无差异区域可接受区域。
管理学专业英语词汇
目标 mission/ objective集体目标 group objective内部环境internal environment外部环境external environment计划 planning组织 organizing人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling步骤 process原理 principle方法 technique经理 manager总经理 general manager行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor企业 enterprise商业 business产业 industry公司 company效果 effectiveness效率 efficiency企业家 entrepreneur权利 power职权 authority职责 responsibility科学管理scientific management现代经营管理modern operational management行为科学 behavior science生产率 productivity激励 motivate动机 motive法律 law法规 regulation经济体系 economic system管理职能 managerial function 产品 product服务 service利润 profit满意 satisfaction 归属 affiliation尊敬 esteem自我实现 self-actualization人力投入 human input盈余 surplus收入 income成本 cost资本货物 capital goods机器 machinery设备 equipment建筑 building人际行为法 the interpersonalbehavior approach集体行为法the groupbehavior approach决策理论法the decisiontheory approach数学法the mathematicalapproach系统法 the systems approach随机制宜法the contingencyapproach管理任务法the managerialroles approach经营法the operationalapproach人际关系 human relation心理学 psychology态度 attitude压力 pressure冲突 conflict招聘 recruit鉴定 appraisal选拔 select培训 train报酬 compensation授权 delegation of authority协调 coordinate业绩 performance考绩制度 merit system表现 behavior下级 subordinate偏差 deviation检验记录 inspection record误工记录record oflabor-hours lost销售量 sales volume产品质量 quality of products先进技术 advanced technology顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerial decision商业道德 business ethics有竞争力的价格 competitiveprice供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突conflict ofinterests派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay现金流量 cash flow工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility投入原则the commitment principle投资回报return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce 实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest 福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation生产率 productivity利润率 profitability社会责任public responsibility董事会 board of director组织规模size of the organization组织文化organizational culture目标管理management by objectives评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法motivational techniques控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat个人责任personal responsibility顾问 counselor 定量目标quantitativeobjective定性目标qualitativeobjective可考核目标verifiableobjective优先 priority工资表 payroll追随 followership个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对antagonism [æn'tæɡənizəm]折中 eclectic [e'klektik]激励 motivation潜意识 subconscious地位 status情感 affection欲望 desire压力 pressure满足 satisfaction自我实现的需要needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要 esteem needs归属的需要 affiliation needs安全的需要 security needs生理的需要physiologicalneeds维持 maintenance保健 hygiene激励因素 motivator概率 probability强化理论reinforcementtheory反馈 feedback奖金 bonus股票期权 stock option劳资纠纷 labor dispute缺勤率absenteeism[,æbsən'ti:izəm]人员流动 turnover奖励 reward特许经营 franchise热诚 zeal信心 confidence鼓舞 inspire要素 ingredient忠诚 loyalty奉献 devotion作风 style品质 trait适应性 adaptability进取性 aggressiveness热情 enthusiasma毅力 persistence人际交往能力 interpersonalskills行政管理能力 administrativeability智力 intelligence专制式领导 autocratic leader民主式领导 democratic leader自由放任式领导free-reinleader管理方格图the managerialgrid工作效率 work efficiency服从 obedience领导行为 leader behavior支持型领导supportiveleadership参与型领导participativeleadership指导型领导instrumentalleadership成就取向型领导achievement-orientedleadership。
管理学术语英文对照解释
Management Glindex(Stephen P. Robbins & Mary Coulter) (Eighth Edition)（英汉对照）管理学原理双语组编写2007年3月Chapter 1 Management and Organizations1、Manager：管理者Someone who works with and through other people by coordinating their work activities in order to accomplish organizational goals .管理者是这样的人，他通过协调其他人的活动达到与别人一起或者通过别人实现组织目标的目的。
2、First-line managers :基层管理者Managers at the lowest level of the organization who manage the work of nonmanagerial e mployees who are involved With the production or the organization’s products是管理着非管理人员所从事的生产和提供组织产品的工作，是最低层的管理者3、Middle managers :中层管理者Mangers between the first-line level and the top level of the organization who manage the work of first-line managers处于基层和高层之间，管理着基层管理者。
4、Top manager :高层管理者Managers at or near the top level of the organization who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing the goals and plans that affect the entire organization.处于或接近组织顶层，承担着制定广泛的组织决策,为整个组织制定计划和目标的责任。
管理学英语词汇
管理学英语词汇管理学英语词汇目标mission/ objective集体目标group objective内部环境internal environment 外部环境external environment 计划planning组织organizing人事staffing领导leading控制controlling步骤process原理principle方法technique经理manager总经理general manager行政人员administrator主管人员supervisor企业enterprise商业business产业industry公司company效果effectiveness 效率efficiency企业家entrepreneur权利power职权authority职责responsibility科学管理scientific management现代经营管理modern operational management 行为科学behavior science生产率productivity激励motivate动机motive法律law法规regulation经济体系economic system管理职能managerial function产品product服务service利润profit满意satisfaction归属affiliation尊敬esteem自我实现self-actualization人力投入human input盈余surplus收入income成本cost资本货物capital goods机器machinery设备equipment建筑building存货inventory（2）经验法the empirical approach人际行为法the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法the group behavior approach协作社会系统法the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法the social-technical systems approach决策理论法the decision theory approach数学法the mathematical approach系统法the systems approach随机制宜法the contingency approach管理任务法the managerial roles approach经营法the operational approach 人际关系human relation心理学psychology态度attitude压力pressure冲突conflict招聘recruit鉴定appraisal选拔select培训train报酬compensation授权delegation of authority协调coordinate业绩performance考绩制度merit system表现behavior下级subordinate偏差deviation检验记录inspection record误工记录record of labor-hours lost 销售量sales volume产品质量quality of products先进技术advanced technology顾客服务customer service策略strategy结构structure(3)领先性primacy普遍性pervasiveness忧虑fear忿恨resentment士气morale解雇layoff批发wholesale零售retail程序procedure规则rule规划program预算budget共同作用synergy大型联合企业conglomerate 资源resource购买acquisition增长目标growth goal专利产品proprietary product 竞争对手rival晋升promotion管理决策managerial decision商业道德business ethics有竞争力的价格competitive price 供货商supplier小贩vendor利益冲突conflict of interests派生政策derivative policy开支帐户expense account批准程序approval procedure病假sick leave休假vacation工时labor-hour机时machine-hour资本支出capital outlay现金流量cash flow工资率wage rate税收率tax rate股息dividend现金状况cash position资金短缺capital shortage总预算overall budget资产负债表balance sheet可行性feasibility投入原则the commitment principle投资回报return on investment生产能力capacity to produce实际工作者practitioner最终结果end result业绩performance个人利益personal interest福利welfare市场占有率market share创新innovation生产率productivity利润率profitability社会责任public responsibilityAutomated inspection 自动化检验automatic assembly system 自动化装配系统applied biomechanics 应用生物力学CAD/CAM 计算机辅助设计与制造computer integrated manufacturing system 计算机整合制造系统data structure 数据结构data base management system 数据库管理系统decision analysis 决策分析engineering economy 工程经济engineering statistics 工程统计facilities planning 设施规划factory diagnoisis and improvement method 工厂诊断与改善方法financial and cost analysis 财务与成本分析fuzzy theory and application 模糊理论与应用human-computer interaction (HCI)人因工程与计算机系统human factors engineering 人因工程human information processing 人类讯息处理human-machine system design 人机系统设计human resource management 人力资源管理human system diagnosis and improvement 人体系统诊断与改善industrial environment evaluation 工业环境评估industrial organizations and management 工业组织与管理industrial safety 工业安全information technology 信息技术intellectual property laws 智慧财产权法knowledge engineering 知识工程linear algebra 线性代数manufacturing automation 制造自动化manufacturing engineering 制造工程manufacturing management 制造管理manufacturing process 制造程序manufacturing systems and management 制造系统与管理market and marketing 市场与行销material flows automation 物流自动化mathematical programming 数学规划multicriteria decision making 多目标规划multi-criteria decision methods 多准则决策分析network analysis 网络分析numerical analysis 数值分析organization and management 组织与管理product and technology development management 产品与技术开发管理production management 生产管理production planning and control 生产计划与管制quality control 质量管理quality engineering 品质工程quality management techniques and practice 品质管理queueing theory 等候线理论reliability engineering 可靠度工程research，development and innovation management研究发展管理semiconductor production management 半导体生产管理sequencing and scheduling 排序与排程simulation 模拟分析statistical method 统计方法stochastic processes 随机系统strategic management of technology 技术策略system analysis and design in large scale 大型系统分析与设计system performance evaluation 系统绩效评估技术system quality assurance engineering 系统品质保证工程systems engineering 系统工程systems simulation 系统仿真vision and colors 视觉与色彩work physiology 工作生理学work study 工作研究Accounting Assistant 会计助理Accounting Clerk 记帐员Accounting Manager 会计部经理Accounting Stall 会计部职员Accounting Supervisor 会计主管Administration Manager 行政经理Administration Staff 行政人员Administrative Assistant 行政助理Administrative Clerk 行政办事员Advertising Staff 广告工作人员Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座员Airlines Staff 航空公司职员Application Engineer 应用工程师Assistant Manager 副经理Bond Analyst 证券分析员Bond Trader 证券交易员Business Controller 业务主任Business Manager 业务经理Buyer 采购员Cashier 出纳员Chemical Engineer 化学工程师Civil Engineer 土木工程师Clerk/Receptionist 职员/接待员Clerk Typist & Secretary 文书打字兼秘书Computer Data Input Operator 计算机资料输入员Computer Engineer 计算机工程师Computer Processing Operator 计算机处理操作员Computer System Manager 计算机系统部经理Copywriter 广告文字撰稿人Deputy General Manager 副总经理Economic Research Assistant 经济研究助理Electrical Engineer 电气工程师Engineering Technician 工程技术员English Instructor/Teacher 英语教师Export Sales Manager 外销部经理Export Sales Staff 外销部职员Financial Controller 财务主任Financial Reporter 财务报告人F.X. (Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外汇部职员F.X. Settlement Clerk 外汇部核算员Fund Manager 财务经理General Auditor 审计长General Manager/ President 总经理General Manager Assistant 总经理助理General Manager's Secretary 总经理秘书Hardware Engineer 计算机硬件工程师Import Liaison Staff 进口联络员Import Manager 进口部经理Insurance Actuary 保险公司理赔员International Sales Staff 国际销售员Interpreter 口语翻译Legal Adviser 法律顾问Line Supervisor 生产线主管Maintenance Engineer 维修工程师Management Consultant 管理顾问Manager 经理Manager for Public Relations 公关部经理Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程师Manufacturing Worker 生产员工Market Analyst 市场分析员Market Development Manager 市场开发部经理Marketing Manager 市场销售部经理Marketing Staff 市场销售员Marketing Assistant 销售助理Marketing Executive 销售主管Marketing Representative 销售代表Marketing Representative Manager 市场调研部经理Mechanical Engineer 机械工程师Mining Engineer 采矿工程师Music Teacher 音乐教师Naval Architect 造船工程师Office Assistant 办公室助理Office Clerk 职员Operational Manager 业务经理Package Designer 包装设计师Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位预订员Personnel Clerk 人事部职员Personnel Manager 人事部经理Plant/ Factory Manager 厂长Postal Clerk 邮政人员Private Secretary 私人秘书Product Manager 生产部经理Production Engineer 产品工程师Professional Staff 专业人员Programmer 电脑程序设计师Project Staff 项目策划人员Promotional Manager 推售部经理Proof-reader 校对员Purchasing Agent 采购进货员Quality Control Engineer 质量管理工程师Real Estate Staff 房地产职员Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘协调人Regional Manger 地区经理Research＆.Development Engineer 研究开发工程师Restaurant Manager 饭店经理Sales and Planning Staff 销售计划员Sales Assistant 销售助理Sales Clerk 店员、售货员Sales Coordinator 销售协调人Sales Engineer 销售工程师Sales Executive 销售主管Sales Manager 销售部经理Salesperson 销售员Seller Representative 销售代表Sales Supervisor 销售监管School Registrar 学校注册主任Secretarial Assistant 秘书助理Secretary 秘书Securities Custody Clerk 保安人员Security Officer 安全人员Senior Accountant 高级会计Senior Consultant/Adviser 高级顾问Senior Employee 高级雇员Senior Secretary 高级秘书Service Manager 服务部经理Simultaneous Interpreter 同声传译员Software Engineer 计算机软件工程师Supervisor 监管员Systems Adviser 系统顾问Systems Engineer 系统工程师Systems Operator 系统操作员Technical Editor 技术编辑Technical Translator 技术翻译Technical Worker 技术工人Telecommunication Executive电讯（电信）员Telephonist / Operator 电话接线员、话务员Tourist Guide 导游Trade Finance Executive 贸易财务主管Trainee Manager 培训部经理Translation Checker 翻译核对员Translator 翻译员Trust Banking Executive 银行高级职员Typist 打字员Wordprocessor Operator 文字处理操作员目标 mission/ objective集体目标 group objective 内部环境 internal environment外部环境 external environment 计划 planning组织 organizing人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling步骤 process原理 principle方法 technique经理 manager总经理 general manager 行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor企业 enterprise商业 business产业 industry公司 company效果 effectiveness效率 efficiency企业家 entrepreneur权利 power职权 authority职责 responsibility科学管理 scientific management现代经营管理 modern operational management行为科学 behavior science生产率 productivity 激励 motivate 动机 motive 法律 law法规 regulation 经济体系 economic system管理职能 managerial function 产品 product服务 service利润 profit满意 satisfaction归属 affiliation尊敬 esteem自我实现 self-actualization人力投入 human input盈余 surplus收入 income成本 cost资本货物 capital goods机器 machinery设备 equipment建筑 building存货 inventory（2）经验法 the empirical approach 人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法 the group behavior approach协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法 thesocial-technical systems approach决策理论法 the decision theory approach数学法 the mathematical approach 系统法 the systems approach随机制宜法 the contingency approach 管理任务法 the managerial roles approach 经营法 the operational approach 人际关系 human relation心理学 psychology 态度 attitude压力 pressure冲突 conflict 招聘 recruit鉴定 appraisal选拔 select培训 train报酬 compensation授权 delegation of authority 协调 coordinate业绩 performance考绩制度 merit system表现 behavior下级 subordinate偏差 deviation检验记录 inspection record 误工记录 record oflabor-hours lost销售量 sales volume产品质量 quality of products先进技术 advanced technology顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure(3)领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerial decision 商业道德 business ethics有竞争力的价格 competitive price 供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突 conflict of interests 派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay现金流量 cash flow工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility 投入原则 the commitment principle 投资回报 return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation生产率 productivity利润率 profitability社会责任 public responsibility 董事会 board of director组织规模 size of the organization 组织文化 organizational culture 目标管理 management by objectives 评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法 motivational techniques控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat个人责任 personal responsibility顾问 counselor定量目标 quantitative objective 定性目标 qualitative objective可考核目标 verifiable objective优先 priority工资表 payroll（4）策略 strategy政策 policy灵活性 discretion多种经营 diversification评估 assessment一致性 consistency应变策略 consistency strategy公共关系 publicrelation价值 value抱负 aspiration偏见 prejudice审查 review批准 approval主要决定 major decision分公司总经理 division general manager资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix明星 star问号 question mark现金牛 cash cow赖狗 dog采购 procurement人口因素 demographic factor地理因素 geographic factor公司形象 company image产品系列 product line合资企业 joint venture破产政策 liquidation strategy紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy战术 tactics(5)追随 followership个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对 antagonism折中 eclectic(6)激励 motivation潜意识 subconscious地位 status 情感 affection欲望 desire压力 pressure满足 satisfaction 自我实现的需要 needs forself-actualization尊敬的需要 esteem needs 归属的需要 affiliation needs 安全的需要 security needs 生理的需要 physiological needs 维持 maintenance 保健 hygiene激励因素 motivator 概率 probability 强化理论 reinforcement theory 反馈 feedback 奖金 bonus 股票期权 stock option劳资纠纷 labor dispute 缺勤率 absenteeism 人员流动 turnover 奖励 reward(7)特许经营 franchise 热诚 zeal信心 confidence 鼓舞 inspire 要素 ingredient 忠诚 loyalty 奉献 devotion 作风 style品质 trait适应性 adaptability 进取性 aggressiveness 热情 enthusiasm 毅力 persistence 人际交往能力 interpersonal skills 行政管理能力 administrative ability智力 intellige nce专制式领导 autocratic leader民主式领导 democratic leader自由放任式领导 free-rein leader 管理方格图 the managerial grid工作效率 workefficiency服从 obedience 领导行为 leader behavior支持型领导 supportive leadership参与型领导 participative leadership指导型领导 instrumental leadership成就取向型领导 achievement-oriented leadership。
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蔚海蓝天 管理学词汇中英文对照
Accountability 责任感 Achievement-oriented leadership 成就取向型领导 Activity ratio 活动比率 Adaptive organization (horizontal corporation) 自适应组织 Administrative management 行政管理 Affiliation needs 归属的需要 Aggregate planning 综合计划 Alternative courses of action 可供选择的行动 Artifacts 人工环境 Assessment center 评价中心 Assets 资产 Attitudes 态度 Authority 职权 Autonomy 自治 Balance sheet 资产负债表 BCG matrix 波士顿咨询集团矩阵 Behavior modification 行为修正 Behavioral approach 行为法 Behavioral decision model 行为决策模型 Boundary-spanning roles 跨界角色 Bounded rationality 有限理性 Brainstorming 头脑风暴法 Breakeven analysis 头脑风暴法 Budgets 预算 Bureaucratic control 官僚控制 Bureaucratic management 官僚管理 Business ethics 商业道德 Business portfolio matrix 商业资产组合矩阵 Business strategy 商业策略 Cash cows 金钱牛 Chain of command 指挥链 Changing 变革 Charismatic authority 魅力权威模式 Classical perspective 古典管理理论 Closed system 封闭系统 Code of ethics 伦理规范 Coercive power 强制力 Cohesiveness 凝聚力 Communication 沟通 Communication network 沟通网 Compensation 报酬 Competitive advantage 竞争优势 Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) 计算机辅助设计 Conceptual skill 概念能力 Concurrent control 并行控制 Constraints 强制，约束 Contingency approaches 随即制宜法 Contingency perspective 权变观 Contingency planning 随即计划 Continuous schedule of reinforcement 连续性奖励 Continuous-flow production system 连续生产系统 controlling 控制职能 Controls 控制 Corporate social responsibility 公司社会责任 Corporate strategy 公司战略 Cost leadership strategy 成本领先战略 Current assets 流动资产 Current liabilities 流动负债 Customer divisional structure 消费者多样化结构 Data 数据 Debt ratios 负债比率 Decision making 决策 Decision support system (DSS) 决策制定系统 Decision tree 决策树(体系) Decision varialbes 决策变量 decisional roles 决策角色 Decoding 解码 Delegation 授权 Delphi technique 魔鬼提倡法 Devil's advocacy 唱反调的人 Dialectical inquiry 辩证探求法 Differention strategy 差异化战略 Directive leadership 指示领导 蔚海蓝天 Diversity 多样化 Divisional structure 部门是结构 Dogs 瘦狗 Downward communication 下行沟通 Dynamic network 动态网络 Economic feasibility 经济可行性 Effectiveness 效果 Efficiency 效率 Electronic data interchange (EDI) EDI电子数据交换 Electronic funds transfer (EFT) 电子资金转换 Electronic mail (e-mail) 电子邮件 Employee assistance programs (EAPs) 员工辅助项目顾问 Employee-centered work redesign 员工工作再设计 Employment test 就业测试 Empowering employees 职工授权 Encoding 编码 End users 终极用户 Entropy 衰退趋势 Escalation of commitment 递增效忠 Esteem needs 尊重的需要 Ethical behavior 道德表现 Ethical dilemma 伦理困境 Ethics 伦理 Expectancy 期望 Expected monetary value (EMV) 预期货币价值 Expected value 预期价值 Expert power 专家权力 Expert system 专家系统 External communication 外部环境 External customer 外部顾客 External forces 外部力量 Extinction 废止 Feedback 反馈 Feedback 反馈 Feedback 反馈 Feedback (corrective) control 反馈校正控制 Feedback controls 反馈控制 Feedforward (preventive) control 前馈预防控制 Feedforward controls 前馈控制 Fixed assets 固定资产 Fixed-interval schedule 定时给奖 Fixed-position layout 定位式布置 Fixed-ratio schedule 定比给奖 Focus strategy 集中战略 Force-field analysis 立场分析 Formal groups 正式群体 Functional manager 职能管理者 Functional strategy 职能管理者 Functional structure 职能式战略 GE matrix 职能式结构 General environment 一般环境 General manager 总经理 Generic strategies 一般性策略 Geographic divisional structure 全球多样化战略 Global strategy 全球化战略 Goal setting 目标结构 Goals 目标 Grand strategy 主战略 Grapevine 藤状网络式沟通 Group 群体 Groupthink 群体思想 Groupware 群件 Halo-and-horn effect 月晕效应 Hawthorne effect 关注作用 Human resource information systems (HRISs) 人力资源信息系统 Human resource management 人力资源管理 Human resource planning 人力资源计划 Human rights approach 人权方法 Human skills 人工技巧 Hybrid layout 混合式布置 Hygiene factors 保健因素 hyperchange 极度改变 Income statement 损益表 Informal groups 非正式群体 Information 信息 Information overload 信息过量 Information power 信息权力 Information technology 信息技术 Informational roles 信息角色 Inputs 投入 蔚海蓝天 Instrumental values 工具价值 Instrumentality 媒介;工具;手段 Intangible costs 无形成本 Integrating mechanisms 结合机制 Interdependence 互相依赖 Internal customer 内部顾客 Internal forces 内力 Internal network 内部网络 Interpersonal roles 人际交往能力 Intuition 直觉 Jargon 行话 Job analysis 工作分析;工种分析 Job depth 工作深度 Job description 工作说明 Job description 工作说明 Job design 工作设计 Job enlargement 工作扩大化 Job enrichment 工作丰富化 Job rotation 岗位轮换 Job satisfaction 工作满意 Job scope 工作丰富化 Job specifications 工作规范;操作规程 Job-shop production system 职务专业化 Justice approach 公正合理观 Just-in-time (JIT) inventory management 及时存货系统 Labor-management relations 劳工管理关系 Language systems and metaphors 语言习惯 Lateral communication 横向沟通 Law of effect 效应法则 Law of requisite variety 必要多样性定律 Leadership 领导 Leadership substitutes 领导替代 leading 领导 Least preferred coworker (LPC)scale 最不喜欢的同事 Legitimate power 法定权利 Liabilities 负债 Line personnel 线形人事管理 Liquidity ratios 流动率 Local-area network (LAN) 局域网 Locus of control 控制点 Locus of decision making 局域网 Long-term liabilities 长期债务 Machiavellian personality 马基雅弗利人格理论 Management 管理 Management by exception 例外管理 Management by objectives (MBO) 目标管理责任制 Management information system (MIS) 信息管理系统 Managers 经理 Master production schedule 主生产排程 Matket growth rate 市场增长率 Matrix structure 矩阵结构 Mechanistic systems 机械式组织 Medium 载体 Messages 消息 Motivation 激励 Motivator factors 激励因素 Multidomestic strategy 多元化策略 Myths 虚构的故事 Need for achievement 成就需要 Negative reinforcement 消极强化 Network structure 网络结构 Noise 噪声 Nominal group technique (NGT) 名义群体技术 Nonprogrammed decision 非程序化决策 Nonverbal communicationa 非语言沟通 Norms 标准;规范;典范;限额 Objectives 目标 Objectives function 目标函数 Open system 开放系统 Operational feasibility 造作可行性 Operational plan 作业计划 Operational planing 作业计划职能 Opportunity 机遇 Oral communication 口头交流 Organic (clan) control 有机控制 Organic system 有机系统 organization 组织安排 Organizational change 组织变革 Organizational control 组织控制 Organizational culture 组织文化 Organizational design 住址决策 Organizational development (OD) 组织发展