英语中各类词的用法

英语中各种词的用法介词是一种用来表示词与词, 词与句之间的关系的词。

在句中不能单独作句字成分。

介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。

介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作主语, 状语，表语，补语或介词宾语。

例如:Most of the students went to the classroom.大部分学生去了教室。

We play basketball on the sports ground.我们在操场上打蓝球。

介词常与动词,形容词,名词一起构成固定搭配。

belong to 属于rely on 依靠talk to 同...谈话be afraid of 害怕be strict with对...严格介词一般放在名词之前。

但它后面的介词宾语是疑问代词,疑问副词或者关系代词时，这些词提到了前面而只剩下介词在后了。

Where do you come from?你是哪儿人?Who are you talking to?你在跟谁谈话呢?What do you study for?你为了什么而学习?介词在英语词汇中所占比例很小，但它们的用法却非常灵活,复杂。

以下是一个例子:about 关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.I have bought a book about Shakespearean.我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。

1. WITH(1)v+with(a) v+withbegin, mix, agree, deal, fight, meet, play, quarrel, do, fool, reason,correspond, comply, settle.(b) v + sth (sb) + with + sth (sb)compare, provide, supply, feed, replace, combine, equip, furnish,(2)adj+withangry, strict, pleased, busy, covered, satisfied, filled, wrong, wild, crowded, connected, popular, covered, patient, annoyed, acquainted, delighted, confronted, content, friendly, identical, frank, concerned, bored, afflicted, associated, blended, burdened, comparable, consistent, disappointed, displeased, endowed, enraged, exhausted, familiar, gifted, impatient, infested, intimate, irritated, level, moved, occupied, overcome, popular, satisfied, vexed(3) n+withacquaintance, alliance, trouble, talk, chat, connection, consultation, conversation, sympathy,2. AT(1)v+ataim, point, snatch, wonder, strike, work, look, glance, laugh, run, catch, shoot, stare, glare, thrust, smile, call, fire, tear, knock, winder, arrive, come, gasp(2)adj+atamused, delighted, angry, good, surprised, astonished, pleased, terrified, clever, alarmed, astonished, clumsy, disgusted, impatient, quick, startled, surprised(3)n+atknock, pull, look, glance, smile, game, astonishment, surprise, alarm,3. IN(1)v+inget, lie, turn, draw, believe, share, take, drop, give, call, hand, succeed, bring, result, trade, involve, check, count, cut, indulge, pour, participate, intervene, fill,join, confide, trust, believe,persist, consist,(b) V+sb(sth)+inhelp, spend(2)adj+inrich, interested, active, disappointed, engaged, busy, weak, expert, successful, absorbed, skilled, concerned, experienced, confident, employed, accurate, clothed, diligent, negligent, proficient, prompt, versed,(3)n+ininterest, progress, satisfaction, faith, belief, confidence, response, pride, perseverance, harm, difficulty,pleasure, confidence, delight,4. FROM(1)V+from(a) V + fromlearn, die, come, suffer, hear, fall, rise, hang, escape, date, depart, result, descend, refrain, abstain, differ, distinguish, derive, expel, conceal, judge(b) V + sth ( sb) +from + sth ( sb or a place)borrow, protect, receive, separate, keep, stop, prevent,deter, choose, remove, save, dissuade, excuse, restrain(2)adj+fromdifferent, far, tired, made, separate, absent, distinct, hidden, made, (3)n+fromletter, visitor,absence, difference, protection, relief, rescue,5. OF(1)V+of(a) V+ofconsist, dream, hear, tell, think, know, talk, die, speak(b) V+sb+of+sthrob, warn, inform, remind, accuse, cheat, convince, relieve, deprive, (c) V+sth+of+sbask, beg, demand, require,(2)adj+ofaware, careful, free, short, sure, certain, worthy, afraid, hopeful, proud, full, tired, made, capable, impatient, considerate, characteristic, guilty, capable, composed, jealous, ashamed, envious, ignorant, apprehensive, bare, cautious, clear, composed, conscious, descriptive, exclusive, forgetful, fond, hard, incapable, informed, innocent, made, mindful, neglectful,observant, possessed, productive, regardless, rid, sensible, sick, susceptible, weary(3) n+ofquality, number, sample, choice, impression, neglect, attack, care, consideration, pleasure, doubt, way equivalence, possibility, example,6. ON(1)v+on(a) v+onact, lean, live, work, depend, look, wait, turn, switch, pull, have,keep, call, put, push, speak, insist, push, collaborate, count, frown, reckon, speculate, figure, carry,(b) V+sb(sth)+ON+sb(sth)congratulate, spend, base, fix(2)adj+onhard, keen, dependent, based, impressed,(3)n+onbook, discussion, lecture, advice, opinion, impression, attack, dependence, judgment, pity, mercy, authority7. TO(1)v+to(a) v+tolisten, stick, refer, turn, point, reply, occur, attend, see, lead, happen, come, get, write, hold, agree, belong, adapt, attribute, object, subscribe, adjust, accede, yield, resort, relate, respond, testify, succumb,(b) v+to+sbannounce, describe, explain, express, mention, report, say, shout, suggest, whisper, speak, talk, nod,(c) v+sth(sb)+sth(sb)devote, compare, add, introduce, invite, leave, join, reduce, sentence, carry, take,(2)adj+toequal, opposed, true, familiar, close, near, kind, harmful, polite, rude, similar, useful, married, known, used, good, dedicated, fair, essential, parallel, related, sensible, relevant, possible, indifferent, devoted, comparable, necessary, contrary, suitable, strange, close, alike, opposite, familiar, inferior, superior, proportionate, accessory, accustomed, adapted, addicted, adequate, adjacent, afflicted, akin, alive, amenable, applicable, attentive, awake, blind, common, conductive, congenial, contiguous, contrary, corresponding, deaf, derogatory, disagreeable, displeasing, distasteful, exposed, false, fatal, grateful, hostile, important, indifferent, loyal, moved, obedient, odious, opposite, painful, partial, peculiar, pleasant, precious, preferable, precious, prior, profitable, prone, proper, relative, relevant, sacred, strange, subsequent, susceptible, thankful, troublesome,(3)n+tokey, answer, visitor, end, way, solution, traitor, attention, exception, gratitude, approach8. FOR(1)v+for(a)v+foraccount, beg, hope, send, look, ask, long, pay, wish, wait, leave, fight, plan, prepare, care, stand, search, answer, run, call, bargain, inquire, press, apply, provide, apologize,grieve(b)v+sb+for+sthask, blame, forgive, pardon, pay, praise, punish, reward, thank, excuse, (2)adj+foreager, bad, good, famous, fit, suitable, ready, sorry, grateful, useful, late, responsible,proper, crucial, competent, eligible, noted, renowned, appropriate, notorious, convenient, possible, profitable, liable, necessary,anxious, bound, eligible, impatient, liable, sufficient, uncared, unfit, zealous, (3)n+forplan, need, reason, explanation, ability, affection, excuse, ambition, anxiety, reputation, consideration, necessity, talent, sympathy, cause, pretext, qualification9. ABOUT(1)v+aboutquarrel, agree, consult, complain, speak, bring, think, set, care, fumble, fuss, leave, move, lie, hear,speculate, inquire,(2)adj+abouthappy, anxious, nervous, cautious, careful, certain, excited, particular, pleased, concerned, enthusiastic,uneasy, troubled(3)n+onconcern, anxiety, opinion, question.副词的用法He studies hard. 他用功读书。