高中英语知识点完整解读大全

高中英语知识点完整解读大全

一、定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解

1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains.

A. which was

B. it was

C. which were

D. them were

【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops.

A. which is

B. it is

C. which are

D. them are

(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are

B. it is

C. which is

D. them are

2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around

_________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?”

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. what

【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C.

as D. whom

【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such … that …，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导，而不用that。比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：

David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C.

as D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _________ she had promised us. A. like B. that C. which D. as

4. The buses, most of _________ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

【陷阱】容易误选C，用them 代指the buses。

【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses。类似地，以下各题也选D：

(1) His house, for _________ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000. A. that B.

it C. them D. which

(2) Ashdown forest, through _________ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.

A. that

B. it

C. them

D. which

(3) This I did at nine o’clock, after _________ I sat readi ng the paper. A. that B. it C. them D. which

类似地，以下各题选whom，不选them：

(4) George, with _________ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.

A. that

B. him

C. them

D. whom

(5) Her sons, both of _________ work abroad, will come back home this summer.

A. that

B. who

C. them

D. whom

(6) I met the fruit-pickers, several of _________ were still university students.

A. that

B. who

C. them

D. whom

5. He had a lot of friends, only a few of _________ invited to his wedding.

A. whom

B. them

C. which

D. who

【陷阱】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited 前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A。比较：

(1) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ carried out in their work.

A. which

B. them

C. what

D. that

答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的carried out 为过去分词。

(2) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _________ were carried out in their work.

A. which

B. them

C. what

D. that

答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were。

(3) They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _________ were carried out