副词在句中的位置规律

  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。

副词在句中的位置规律:

1. 一般副词的位置

在许多情况下,副词都放在所修饰的动词后面或句末。如:

The girl dances very well. 这个女孩跳舞跳得好。

We must work hard. 我们必须努力工作。

He does his work very carefully. 他做工作非常仔细。

I want to see the film very much. 我很想看这部电影。

有时也放在主语后面,谓语动词前面(对动作加以强调)。如:

He angrily closed the door. 他生气地把门关上了。

置于句中的副词,若碰上助动词,则通常放在助动词之后、主要动词之前:

He has just left for work. 他刚刚离开去上班。

We have already read the book. 我们都已读过这本书。

2. 频度副词在句中的位置

频度副词表示动作发生的次数,常见的有ever, never, seldom, sometimes, often, always 等,它们通常位于实意动词之前,动词be、助动词、情态动词之后。如:

He never reads such books. 他从不看那样的书。

He often comes to school late. / He is often late for school. 他上学常迟到。

有时为了强调,频度副词也可位于动词be、助动词等之前:

She always was late. 她老是迟到。

为了强调等原因,有时频度副词可位于句首或句末(尤其受very, only修饰时):

Very often the phone rings when I’m in the bath. 电话经常在我洗澡时响起。

Do you go to the cinema very often? 你常去看电影吗?

频度副词always 和never 通常不位于句首,除非是祈使句:Always remember this. 请时刻记住这一点。

Never tell him the news. 千万不要告诉他这消息。

在否定句中,有的频度副词可位于否定词not之后或之前(如usually, often),有的频度副词则必须位于否定词之后(如always),而有的频度副词必须要位于否定词not 之前(如sometimes):He doesn’t usually come here. / He usually doesn’t come here. 他通常不来这儿。

She doesn’t always come late. 她并非总是迟到。(不能说always doesn’t)

He is sometimes not satisfied with my work. 他有时对我的工作不满意。

3. 副词位置对句意的影响

有时副词位置的不同会导致句子意义的改变。如:

Tom alone is coming. 只有汤姆要来。(alone 位于被修饰的名词或代词后,意为“只有”)

Tom is coming alone. 汤姆将一个人来。(alone 在此修饰动词come,意为“独自”)

Only I kissed her last night. 昨晚只有我吻了她(即别人没吻她)。

I only kissed her last night. 昨晚我只是吻了她(即没干别的事)。

I kissed only her last night. 昨晚我吻的只有她(即没吻过别人)。

I kissed her only last night [last night only]. 我只是在昨晚才吻了她(即其他时候未吻过)。

They secretly decided to leave the town. 他们秘密决定离开这个城市。

They decided to leave the town secretly. 他们决定秘密地离开这个城市。

He answered the question foolishly. 他对这个问题作了愚蠢的回答。

He foolishly answered the question. 他愚蠢地回答了这个问题。

Clearly he didn’t say so. 显然他没有这样说。(clearly 修饰句子,意为“显然”)

He didn’t say so clearly. 他说得没有那么清楚。(clearly 修饰动词say,意为“清楚”)

副词的主要句法功能:

1. 用作状语。如:

He speaks English very well. 他英语说得很好。

I often get up at six in the morning. 我经常是在早晨6点钟起床。

He went home yesterday. / Yesterday he went home. 他昨天回家了。

2. 用作表语。如:

I’ll be back in five minutes. 我五分钟就回来。

I must be off now. 我现在得走了。

Is the radio on or off? 收音机是开着的还是关着的?

在一般情况下,作表语时不用副词而用形容词:

误:He looks very angrily.

正:He looks very angry. 他看上去很生气。

误:Mr. Smith is very carefully.

正:Mr. Smith is very careful. 史密斯先生很仔细。

英语中可用作表语的副词主要是表地点的副词以及某些与介词同形的副词,常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, back, in, home, ahead, upstairs, downstairs, off, through, on, over 等。而且这些副词只能用于连系动词be 后作表语,而不用于其他连系动词后作表语,如:

误:He seems here. / He seems away.

正:He is here. / He is away.

3. 用作宾语。如:

It’s hot in here. 这里面很热。

It’s not far from here. 从这儿去不远。

I’ll stay at home tonight. 今晚我将呆在家里。

相关文档
最新文档