英语修辞法梳理
英语修辞手法整理版
1.parallelism 平行结构1)I felt foolish, self-conscious and clumsy.2)He is totally consistent in what he says and how he does it.3)Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bearany burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and success of liberty.2.anadiplosis 连珠1)He gave his life; life was all he could give.2)It‟s the profit now, not the product. Half the time we cheat the foreman, the foremancheat the management, the management cheat the customers. And the customers are we.3.pun 双关语1）Then there was the man in the restaurant.“You are not eating your fish,” the waitress said to him.“Anything wrong with it?”“Long time no sea,” the man replied.2) My faith has gone.3) I‟m almo st finished.4) Try our sweet corn. You will smile from ear to ear.5)I finally figured out how government works. The Senate gets the bill from the House, thePresident gets the bill from the Senate, and we get the bill for everything.6)“Fourth floor,” sho uted the passenger to the elevator.“Here you are, son.”“How dare you call me …son‟?”“Sir, I called, or whatever, I‟ve brought you up, anywhere.”4.Simile 明喻/直喻1）New China is like a red sun rising in the east.2) She spoke hurriedly, as if her heart had leaped into her throat at the boy‟s words.5.metaphor 暗喻/隐喻1）Joe was a lion in the battle.2) Learning was climbing the mountain.6.allegory 讽喻，寓意1）No rose without a thorn(刺).2) It‟s time to t urn swords into ploughs.3) All that glitters is not gold.7.synecdoche 提喻即汉语中的指代1）More hands are needed at the moment.2) The famous port used to be a harbor which is crowded with masts桅杆.8.personification 拟人法1）The sun kissed the green field.2) The thirsty desert drank up the water.3) The trees and flowers around them danced heartily as if touched by merry mood.9.oxymoron 矛盾修饰法1）cruel kindness2) dully bright3) the sound of silence4) white darkness10.paradox 反论，拟论即悖论1）More haste, less speed.2) The child is father to the man.11.euphemism 委婉语1）I was wondering if you could spare a few minutes to go over my report.2) I don‟t think that it is his idea.3) I would like to hear your views.4) He is now staying at the correctional center.2)I have to retire for a moment. (My I go somewhere?)12.alliteration 头韵1）Promise, Problem and provision1)US trade policy is often viewed as inconsistent, incoherent, and incomprehensible to thecountries of the origin.2)One man‟s disaster is another man‟s delight.3)Fine and fit.13.assonance 母韵，元音韵1)fair and square, near and dear2)The rain in Spain stays mainly in the plain.14.consonance 尾韵1)healthy and wealthy2)Fit or fat?3)When I lent, I was a friend; when I asked, I was unkind.4)Rough and tough.5)There is probability rather than certainty6)Spare the rod, spoil the child.。
英语中的修辞手法及英英释义
英语中的修辞手法及英英释义英语中的修辞手法有很多种，以下是其中几种常见的修辞手法及其英英释义：1.Metaphor（隐喻）：a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used torepresent something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity or parallelism between the two.2.Simile（明喻）：a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is used torepresent something by comparing it to another thing, using words such as "like" or "as" to make the comparison.3.Synecdoche（提喻）：a figure of speech in which a part is used to representthe whole or vice versa, such as using the term "head" to refer to a person's entire body.4.Personification（拟人）：a figure of speech in which non-human objects orconcepts are given human characteristics or abilities, such as using words like "the night sings" to describe the darkness.5.Hyperbole（夸张）：a figure of speech in which an object or event isexaggerated or exaggerated for effect, such as using words like "I wasstarving for days" to describe a short period of hunger.6.Irony（反讽）：a figure of speech in which the intended meaning of astatement is the opposite of its literal meaning, such as using words like"nice weather we're having" when it's raining.7.Oxymoron（矛盾修饰法）：a figure of speech in which two opposite orcontradictory words or phrases are used together to create a paradoxicaleffect, such as using words like "bittersweet" to describe a mixed feeling of happiness and sadness.这些修辞手法都可以增强语言的表达力，帮助传达更深刻的意义。
英语修辞手法整理
MIND英语修辞手法All修辞手法之前都可加It’s a figure of speech.1.Simile 明喻A comparison made between two different things through the use of a specific word of comparison,such as like, as, seem, as if. Eg:I wandered lonely as a cloud.2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻A figure of speech that makes a comparison between two things that are basically dissimilar.Unlike simile,a metaphor does not use the connective word such as like,as.Eg:The world is a stage.3.Metonymy 借代,转喻It’s a figure of speech in which a thing or concept is called not by its own name but by the name of something associated in meaning with that thing or concept.Eg:Hollywood for U.S. film industry.4.Synecdoche 提喻It’s a figure of speech which consists chiefly in putting a part for the whole or the whole for the part,and which consists chiefly in putting the concrete for the abstract or the abstract for the concrete .Eg:He has many mouths to feed in his family.5.Personification拟人It’s a figure of speech in which a thing,quality,or idea is represented as a person.Eg:I was very happy and could hear the birds singing in the woods.6.Transferred Epithet移就It is a qualifying adjective transferred from a person to a thing ,a thing to a person or from one thing to another. Eg:The Grapes of Wrath.7.Hyperbole 夸张It’s a figure of speech which gently exaggerate the truth. In Hyperbole,things are represented as greater or less,better or worse,than they really are.Eg:I beg a thousand pardons.8.Parallelism 排比, 平行It’s a figure of speech which consists of a continued comparison of two or more similar objects,showing the points of resemblance and of difference.Eg:She has a daughter who is beautiful,ambitious and motivated.9.Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法A word or phrase that replace a taboo word or is used to avoid reference to certain acts or subjects. Eg:Deng Xiaoping passed away in 1997. （去世）”pass away 代替die”10.Allegory 讽喻,比方（原意“寓言”）2>.It's time to turn plough into sword.表层含义：是时候把犁变成剑11.Irony 反语It’s a figure of speech in which the words of the speaker or writer seems to mean one thing,but in reality mean just the contrary.Eg:It would be a fine thing indeed not knowing what time it was in the morning.早上没有时间观念还真是一件好事啊（真实含义是应该明确早上的时间观念）12.Pun 双关1>.She is too low for a high praise, too brown for a fair praise and too little for a great praise.2>.An ambassador is an honest man who lies abroad for the good of his country.3>.If we don't hang together, we shall hang separately.13.Parody 仿拟例如:1>.Rome was not built in a day, nor in a year.2>.A friend in need is a friend to be avoided.3>.If you give a girl an inch nowadays she will make address of it.14.Rhetorical question 修辞疑问（反问）它与疑问句的不同在于它并不以得到答复为目的,而是以疑问为手段,取得修辞上的效果,其特点是:肯定问句表示强烈否定,而否定问句表示强烈的肯定.它的答案往往是不言而喻的.例如:1>.How was it possible to walk for an hour through the woods and see nothing worth of note?2>.Shall we allow those untruths to go unanswered?15.Antithesis 对照,对比,对偶这种修辞指将意义完全相反的语句排在一起对比的一种修辞方法.例如:1>.Not that I loved Caeser less but that I loved Romemore.2>.You are staying; I am going.3>.Give me liberty, or give me death.16.Paradox 隽语这是一种貌似矛盾,但包含一定哲理的意味深长的说法,是一种矛盾修辞法..例如:1>.More haste, less speed.欲速则不达2>.The child is the father to the man.（童年时代可决定人之未来）三岁看大，四岁看老。
高中英语知识点归纳写作时的修辞手法和篇章结构
高中英语知识点归纳写作时的修辞手法和篇章结构高中英语知识点归纳：写作时的修辞手法和篇章结构高中英语写作时的修辞手法和篇章结构是学习英语写作的重要内容。
熟练掌握这些知识点有助于提升写作表达能力，使文章更具说服力和吸引力。
本文将对高中英语知识点进行归纳总结，并分析修辞手法和篇章结构的运用。
一、修辞手法修辞手法是指在表达过程中运用的一些技巧和方法，可以增加文章的美感、感染力和表达力。
以下是常见的修辞手法：1.比喻：用某种事物来描述另一种事物，以便使读者更容易理解或感受到作者要表达的意思。
例如：“她的笑容像春天的阳光。
”2.拟人：赋予无生命的事物以人的特征和行为，增加描述的生动性和形象感。
例如：“大树伸展着它的双臂，迎接着朝阳。
”3.排比：通过连续使用并列的词语或短语，加强语气，使句子更具节奏感和力度。
例如：“他勤奋、聪明、勇敢，是个很有前途的年轻人。
”4.反问：用疑问句的形式来表达肯定的观点或强调某一观点，增加说服力。
例如：“难道我们不应该保护环境吗？”5.夸张：对事物进行夸大和放大的描述，以吸引读者的注意力和产生强烈的印象。
例如：“我等了一个世纪才等到他的电话。
”二、篇章结构篇章结构是指文章中段落的组织和连接方式，合理的篇章结构能够使文章更具逻辑性和层次感，使读者更容易理解和接受文章内容。
以下是常见的篇章结构：1.总分结构：先介绍总体概况，再逐一分析各个要点或例证，最后再作总结。
例如：“环境污染是我们面临的重大问题。
首先，我们要了解造成环境污染的原因；其次，我们需要采取相应的措施来解决环境问题；最后，我们希望每个人都能意识到环境保护的重要性。
”2.时间顺序结构：按照时间的先后顺序来组织文章，逐步叙述事件的发展过程。
例如：“星期一早上，我醒来后发现外面下着大雨；接着，我听到了新闻报道说今天会有台风；然后，我决定不出门，安心待在家里。
”3.因果结构：说明某一事件的原因和结果，通过因果关系的描述使文章更有说服力。
英语修辞手法及例句
英语修辞手法及例句常见的英语修辞手法有Simile 明喻、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻、Synecdoche 提喻、Personification拟人、Hyperbole 夸张、Euphemism 委婉,婉辞法等。
1、Simile 明喻It is a figure of speech which makes a comparison between two unlike elements having at least one quality or characteristic (特性)in common.(明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比，这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性)常见标志词有：like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as 等。
eg.This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see.(大家都看得出来，这头大象就像一条蛇)2、Metaphor 隐喻，暗喻It is like a simile, also makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated.(隐喻是简缩了的明喻，是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成)eg.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.(希望是顿美好的早餐，但却是一顿糟糕的晚餐。
)3 、Synecdoche 提喻It is involves the substitution of the part for the whole, or the whole for the part. (提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般)eg.The fox goes very well with your cap. （这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配。
英语中的修辞手法与文体知识点
英语中的修辞手法与文体知识点修辞手法是英语写作中常用的一种表达方式，它通过运用特定的语言技巧和结构，增强语言的感染力和表达力，使文章更具艺术性和表现力。
本文将介绍英语中常见的修辞手法以及相关的文体知识点。
一、比喻比喻是运用类似的事物进行直接或间接的比较，以便更好地阐述某个意义或揭示某种感觉。
通过比喻，可以使抽象的概念更加具体形象，提升文章的吸引力和情感张力。
例如，"Life is a journey."（生活就是一场旅程）就是一个常见的比喻句。
二、拟人拟人是指将非人类的事物或概念赋予人类的特质和行为，使其更具生命力和感知能力。
通过拟人，可以让读者更加深刻地感受到某种情感或现象的存在。
例如，"The sun smiled down on us."（阳光微笑着洒落在我们身上）中的"sun smiled"就是一个拟人的表达。
三、夸张夸张是为了强调或者夸大某种情感或描述，在修辞手法中常用来渲染氛围和增加艺术感。
夸张的运用可以使文章更加引人入胜，给读者留下深刻的印象。
例如，"I've been waiting for ages!"（我等了好几个世纪了！）就使用了夸张手法来突出等待的时间之长。
四、设问设问是通过提出问题的方式引发读者的思考，增加文章的互动性和吸引力。
通过巧妙的设问，可以引导读者思考并产生共鸣，使文章更具说服力和启发性。
例如，"What would you do if you had one day left to live?"（如果你只剩下最后一天可以活，你会怎么做？）中的设问引发了读者对生活的思考。
五、对比对比是通过对两个事物进行比较，强调它们之间的不同之处或者相互关系，以达到突出或者对比的效果。
通过对比，可以使文章更加生动有趣，也更好地传达作者的观点。
例如，"His words were as sharp as a knife, while her words were as gentle as a breeze."（他的话锋锐如刀，而她的话则温柔如微风）中的对比句增加了文章的表现力和张力。
高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)
英语修辞手法1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud.3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成.例如：1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper.2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewedand digested.3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称.I.以容器代替内容,例如:1>.The kettle boils. 水开了.2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着.II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如:Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说.III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般.例如:1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人.2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般)他是本世纪的牛顿.3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分）这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配.5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。
英语修辞手法45种
45种英语修辞（1）alliteration（押头韵）：一组单词的第一个辅音相同.When the things happen that you do not like, you have two choices: You get bitter or better（2）metaphor（隐喻）：利用某些单词进行含蓄的比喻，此时这些单词已经不再是字面上的意思了，Strawberries flooded the market and prices dropped down. (草莓充斥市场，价格下跌)。
（3）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍，Men in great place are thrice servants: servants of state, servants of fame, and servants of business.（4）anaphora（首语重复）：将一个句子的开头单词或短语，在随后的句子中重复多遍.We shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills.（5）anastrophe（词序倒装）: 改变正常词序，比如例句中最后一部分，正常词序是yet a breeze never blew up 。
The helmsman steered, the ship moved on, yet never a breeze up blew.（6）antistrophe（逆反复）：在每个句子的结尾，重复相同的单词或短语，比如例句中的without warning。
高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)
英语修辞手法1.Simile 明喻明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性.标志词常用like, as, seem, as if，as though, similar to, such as等.例如:1>。
He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow.2>。
I wandered lonely as a cloud。
3〉。
Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale。
2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物，通过比较形成.例如：1>。
Hope is a good breakfast，but it is a bad supper.2>。
Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed anddigested。
3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻借喻不直接说出所要说的事物，而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称。
I。
以容器代替内容，例如:1〉.The kettle boils. 水开了。
2〉.The room sat silent。
全屋人安静地坐着。
II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称，例如:Lend me your ears，please。
请听我说。
III.以作者代替作品,例如:a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念，例如:I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气，他们就用我的力气赚钱.4.Synecdoche 提喻提喻用部分代替全体，或用全体代替部分，或特殊代替一般.例如:1〉.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体)他的厂里约有100名工人。
45种英语修辞法
45种英语修辞（最全）（1）alliteration（押头韵）：一组单词的第一个辅音相同.When the things happen that you do not like,you have two choices:You get bitter or better（2）metaphor（隐喻）：利用某些单词进行含蓄的比喻，此时这些单词已经不再是字面上的意思了，Strawberries flooded the market and prices dropped down.(草莓充斥市场，价格下跌)。
（3）anadiplosis（联珠）：将一个或一组单词重复多遍，Men in great place are thrice servants:servants of state,servants of fame,and servants of business.（4）anaphora（首语重复）：将一个句子的开头单词或短语，在随后的句子中重复多遍.We shall fight on the seas and oceans,we shall fight on the beaches,we shall fight on the landing grounds,we shall fight in the fields and in the streets,we shall fight in the hills.（5）anastrophe（词序倒装）:改变正常词序，比如例句中最后一部分，正常词序是yet a breeze never blew up。
The helmsman steered,the ship moved on,yet never a breeze up blew.（6）antistrophe（逆反复）：在每个句子的结尾，重复相同的单词或短语，比如例句中的without warning。
In1931,Japan invaded Manchuria,without warning.In1935,Italy invaded Ethiopia,without warning.In1938,Hitler occupied Austria,without warning.（7）antithesis（对偶）：两个或多个句子，结构相同，但含义相反，或者含义形成对比，比如例句中的is no vice与is no virtue。
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1. 比喻(metaphor)比喻就是打比方。
可分为明喻和暗喻：明喻(simile)：A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared. 明喻：一种修辞手法，把两种基本不相像的东西进行比较.用like, as, as...as, as if(though) 或用其他词语指出两个不同事物的相似之处。
例如：“How like the winter hath my absence been”or “So are you to my thoughts as food to life” (Shakespeare). 如“我的离开好象是冬天来临” 或“你对我的思想就象食物对于生命一样重要” （莎士比亚）O my love's like a red, red rose. 我的爱人像一朵红红的玫瑰花。
The man can't be trusted. He is as slippery as an eel. 那个人不可信赖。
他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。
He jumped as if he had been stung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。
Childhood is like a swiftly passing dream. 童年就像一场疾逝的梦。
暗喻(metaphor)：缩写met.，metaph. A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison.用一个词来指代与该词所指事物有相似特点的另外一个事物。
例如：He has a heart of stone. 他有一颗铁石心肠。
The world is a stage. 世界是一个大舞台。
“a sea of troubles” “忧愁之海”“All the world's a stage”(Shakespeare) “整个世界一台戏”(莎士比亚)2. 换喻(metonymy) 用某一事物的名称代替另外一个与它关系密切的事物的名称，只要一提到其中一种事物，就会使人联想到另一种。
比如用the White House 代替美国政府或者总统，用the bottle来代替wine 或者alcohol，用the bar 来代替the legal profession，用crown代替king等。
例如：His purse would not allow him that luxury. 他的经济条件不允许他享受那种奢华。
The mother did her best to take care of the cradle. 母亲尽最大努力照看孩子。
He succeeded to the crown in 1848. 他在1848年继承了王位。
3. 举隅，提喻(synecdoche) 以局部代表整体（如用手代表水手），以整体代表局部（如用法律代表警官），以特殊代表一般（如用直柄剃刀代表杀人者），以一般代表特殊（如用贼代表扒手），或用原材料代表用该材料制造的东西（如用钢代表剑）例如：He earns his bread by writing. 他靠写作挣钱谋生。
The farms were short of hands during the harvest season. 在收获季节里农场缺乏劳动Australia beat Canada at cricket. 澳大利亚队在板球比赛中击败了加拿大队。
He is the Newton of this century. 他是这个世纪的牛顿。
4. 拟人(personification) 拟人，人格化：给无生命的东西或者抽象的东西赋予人的个性或绘以人的形象，把事物或者概念当作人或者具备人的品质的写法。
例如：Hunger sat shivering on the road 饥饿站在路上颤抖Flowers danced about the lawn 花儿在草地上翩翩起舞My heart was singing. 我的心在歌唱。
This time fate was smiling to him. 这一次命运朝他微笑了。
The flowers nodded to her while she passed. 当她经过的时候花儿向她点头致意。
The wind whistled through the trees. 风穿过树丛，树叶哗哗作响。
5. 委婉(euphemism) 用温和的、间接的词语代替生硬的、粗俗的词语，以免直接说出不愉快的事实冒犯别人或者造成令人窘迫、沮丧的局面。
例如：用to fall asleep; to cease thinking; to pass away; to go to heaven; to leave us 代替to die用senior citizens代替old people用 a slow learner或者an under achiever代替a stupid pupil用weight watcher代替fat people用mental hospital 代替madhouse或者asylum用emotionally disturbed代替mad用washroom, men's / women's room代替lavatory用handicapped代替crippled用low income brackets; underprivileged; disadvantaged 代替poor people6. 双关(pun) 用同音异义或者一词二义来达到诙谐幽默的效果：表面上是一个意思，而实际上却暗含另一个意思，这种暗含的意思才是句子真正的目的所在。
例如：A cannonball took off his legs, so he laid down his arms. (arms可指手臂或者武器)一发炮弹打断了他的腿，所以他缴械投降了。
“Can I try on that gown in the window?” asked a would-be customer.“Certainly not, madam!” replied the salesman. 我可以试穿一下橱窗里的那件睡袍吗？或者：我可以在橱窗里试穿那件睡袍吗？Seven days without water make one weak (week). 七天没有水使一个人虚弱。
或者：七天没有水就是一周没有水。
7. 反语(irony) 使用与真正意义相反的词，正话反说或者反话正说，从对立的角度运用词义来产生特殊的效果。
下面就是莎士比亚的戏剧Julius Caesar 中的一个运用反语的很好的例子，Brutus出于野心刺杀了Caesar, Caesar 的好友Antony 讥讽Brutus 说：Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest—For Brutus is an honorable man;So are they all, all honorable men—Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral.He was my friend, faithful and just to me:But Brutus says he was ambitious;And Brutus is an honorable man.在Antony 的话里反复使用honorable这个词就是一个反语的例子。
8. 矛盾修饰(oxymoron) 把相互矛盾的两个词用在一起的修辞方法。
它利用词义表面的相互矛盾使表层的不和谐统一在思想内容的深层，从而揭示事物对立统一的本质特征，达到加深印象的目的。
例如：deafening silence震耳欲聋的沉默a mournful optimist. 悲伤的乐观She read the long-awaited letter with a tearful smile. 她带着含泪的微笑读那封盼望已久的信。
The coach had to be cruel to be kind to his trainees.教练为了对他的受训者仁慈就要对他们残酷。
During his useful life he often felt he was useless. 在他大有作为的一生中他老是感到自己无用。
其他还有sweet pain; thunderous silence; luxurious poverty; heavy lightness; living death; impossible hope 等等。
9. 轭式搭配(zeugma) 把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法。
在同一个句子里一个词可以修饰或者控制两个或更多的词，它可以使语言活泼，富有幽默感。
例如：She opened the door and her heart to the homeless boy. 她对那无家可归的男孩打开了房门，也敞开了胸怀。
As I left home after breakfast, I shivered inwardly as well as outwardly. 早餐之后我离开家的时候，我的里里外外都在颤抖。
I would my horse had the speed of your tongue. 我希望我的马能有你的舌头的速度。
10. 移位修饰(transferred epithet) 将本应该用来修饰某一类名词的修饰语用来修饰另一类名词。
例如：There was a short, thoughtful silence. 出现了一阵短暂的、令人沉思的寂静。
The old man put a reassuring hand on my shoulder. 老人把一只令人安心的手放在我的肩膀上。
He closed his busy life at the age of sixty. 在六十岁时他结束了他那忙碌的一生。
This is the cheapest market in this country. 这是这个国家最便宜的市场了。
11. 头韵(alliteration) 两个或者更多的词以相同的音韵或者字母开头就构成头韵。
例如：proud as a peacockblind as a batsafe and soundon scrolls of silver snowy sentences”(Hart Crane) “写满银色雪般句子的卷轴上”(哈特·克兰)Long and loudly little Lily laughed. 小莉莉长时间地、大声地笑着。