球化率 Spheroidization rate(中英文对照)
铸造术语
2.7 2.8 2.9
2.10 2.11 2.12 2.13 2.14 2.15 2.16 2.17 2.18 2.19 2.20
2.21
2.22
2.23 3 3.1
3.1.1 3.1.2 3.1.3 3.1.4 3.1.5 3.1.6 3.1.7
中硅铸铁
medium silicon cast iron
3.3.37 3.3.38
高磷铸铁 铝铸铁
high phosphorus cast iron aluminum cast iron
3.3.39
高铝铸铁
high aluminum cast iron
3.3.40 3.3.41
镍铸铁 硼铸铁
nickel cast iron boron cast iron
3.3.42 3.3.43 3.3.44 3.3.45 3.3.46 3.3.47 3.3.48
3.3.49 3.3.50 3.3.51
3.3.52
3.3.53 3.3.54
3.3.55
高级铸铁 高强度铸铁 工程铸铁 特种铸铁 抗磨铸铁 冷硬铸铁[激冷铸铁] 耐磨铸铁
耐热铸铁 耐蚀铸铁 耐酸铸铁
密烘铸铁
3.3.65
碳当量仪
eutectometer
共晶度 硅碳比
carbon saturation degree silicon-carbon ratio
ａ batch
一炉
a cast，a heat，a melt
铸焊
cast welding，flow welding
铸锭
铸造合金及熔炼、浇注 铸造合金基本术语 铸造合金 共晶合金系 共晶合金 亚共晶合金 过共晶合金
关于表面处理专业词汇的中英文对照
阳极氧化 anodic oxidation)阳极酸化处理 anodizing (英），anodising (美）阳极酸化皮膜 anodic oxide coating，anodic oxide film自然酸化 natural oxidation-阳极酸化涂装复合皮膜 combined coating of anodic oxide and organic films 化学氧化膜 chemical conversion coatingconversion coating电解 electrolysis5电解液 electrolytic solution阳极 anode阴极 cathode辅助电极 auxiliary electrode极间距离 distance between electrodes， anode-cathode distance电解电压 bath voltage电流密度 current density电流分布 current distribution皮膜产生率 coating ratio活性化处理 activation去离子水 deionizer water散射 diffuse reflection镜面反射 mirror reflection specula reflection反射率 reflectivity reflectance光泽 gloss面光泽度 relative-specula glossiness色差 color difference灰度grey scale研磨材 abrasive染料 dye dyestuff水溶性染料 water soluble dye油溶性染料 oil soluble dye治具 jig， rack电解框 frame for racking前处理 pretreatment梨地处理 mat(matt)finish环形加工 spin finish发丝 hair-line finishDiamond-cut finish;光泽处理退光bright finish，bright dipping研磨 sanding ，grinding ，polishing皮带研磨 belt sanding ，belt grinding ，belt polishing振动研磨 barrel polishing， barreling， tumblingelectrolytic polishing电解研磨．化学研磨 chemical polishing， chemical brightening!脱脂 degreasing碱蚀 alkaline degreasing酸脱脂 acid degreasing有机溶剂脱脂 organic solvent degreasing乳胶脱脂 emulsion degreasing电解蚀刻 electrolytic etching中和demitting直流法 direct current anodizing交流法 alternating current anodizing交直重叠法 process of superimposed direct current on alternating current 定电流法 constant current anodizing定电压法 constant voltage anodizing草酸皮膜 oxalic acid anodic oxide coating/硫酸皮膜 sulphoacid anodic oxide coating硬质皮膜 hard anodic oxide coating原色皮膜 self-color anodic oxide coating， integral color anodic oxide coating:电解染色皮膜electrolytic colored anodic oxide coating多孔质皮膜 porous anodic oxide film阻挡层膜 barrier layer anodic oxide coating功能皮膜 functional coating膜 flexible anodic oxide喷雾染色 spray dyeing涂布染色 daub dyeing菲林法 photo-printing-印刷染色法 direct printing转写染色法 heat transfer printing脱膜 removing of coating， stripping of coating封孔处理 sealing of anodic oxide coating水合封孔处理 hydro-thermal sealing水蒸气封孔处理 steam sealing热水封孔处理 boiling water sealing镍盐封孔处理nickel sealing.化学氧化处理 boehmite process'电解涂装 electrodeposition coating， electrophoretic coating磷酸盐法 phosphate process(皮膜单元 oxide cell多孔质层 porous layer2一水合氧化铝 boehmitecoating thickness皮膜厚度．表面粗度 surface roughness皮膜均一性 uniformity of film'皮膜表面密度 apparent density of film皮膜质量coating mass阳极酸化皮膜的固化 ageing皮膜烧焦 burning of anodic oxide coating皮膜破坏 cracking of anodic oxide coating， crazing of anodic oxide coating， stress cracking阳极粉化blooming挂灰sealing smut"风化weathering bloom干涉色iridescence;孔腐蚀 pitting corrosion;局部腐蚀 local corrosion系状腐蚀 filiform corrosion接触腐蚀 galvanic corrosion耐侯性 weather resistance耐腐蚀性 corrosion resistance耐磨性 abrasion resistance， wear resistance)耐污染性 stain resistance写像性 image clarity'光泽 brightness色堅度 color fastness:脱离耐力 dielectric strength击穿电压 breakdown voltage色匹配度 color matching色的许容差 color tolerance皮膜厚試験 coating thickness test盐雾试验 salt spray test盐雾试验 copper accelerated acetic acid salt spray test(CASS test) 耐碱试验 alkali resistance test封孔试验 sealing test皮膜硬度试验 hardness test of anodic oxide coating耐磨耗性试验 abrasion resistance test，光堅ろう度试验 accelerated light fastness test色差计 color-difference meter屋外曝晒试验 outdoor-exposure tes加速耐候性试验 accelerated weathering test1 表面预处理1．1 光亮化 brightening用化学或电化学抛光的方法，使金属表面光亮的过程。
干货实验室常用名词中英文对照，请收好！
干货实验室常用名词中英文对照，请收好！想学好分析化学，摆弄好实验室的仪器，不学会这些实验室专业名词可不行哦！今天，小编就带你认识认识它们喽！实验室专业名词翻译中文名称英文名称分析名词分析化学analytical chemistry定性分析qualitative analysis定量分析quantitative analysis物理分析physical analysis物理化学分析physico-chemical analysis仪器分析法instrumental analysis流动注射分析法flow injection analysis;FIA顺序注射分析法sequentical injection analysis;SIA化学计量学chemometrics误差的分析数据处理绝对误差absolute error相对误差relative error系统误差systematic error可定误差determinate error随机误差accidental error不可定误差indeterminate error准确度accuracy精确度precision偏差debiation,d平均偏差average debiation相对平均偏差relative average debiation标准偏差（标准差）standerd deviation;S相对平均偏差relatibe standard deviation;RSD 变异系数coefficient of variation误差传递propagation of error有效数字significant figure置信水平confidence level显著性水平level of significance合并标准偏差（组合标准差）pooled standard debiation舍弃商rejection quotient;Q滴定分析滴定分析法titrametric analysis滴定titration容量分析法volumetric analysis化学计量点stoichiometric point等当点equivalent point电荷平衡charge balance电荷平衡式charge balance equation质量平衡mass balance物料平衡material balance质量平衡式mass balance equation酸碱滴定法酸碱滴定法acid-base titrations质子自递反应autoprotolysis reaction质子自递常数autoprotolysis constant质子条件式proton balance equation酸碱指示剂acid-base indicator指示剂常数indicator constant变色范围colour change interval混合指示剂mixed indicator双指示剂滴定法double indicator titration非水滴定法非水滴定法nonaqueous titrations质子溶剂protonic solvent酸性溶剂acid solvent碱性溶剂basic solvent两性溶剂amphototeric solvent无质子溶剂aprotic solvent均化效应differentiating effect区分性溶剂differentiating solvent离子化ionization离解dissociation结晶紫crystal violet萘酚苯甲醇α-naphthalphenol benzyl alcohol奎哪啶红quinadinered百里酚蓝thymol blue偶氮紫azo violet溴酚蓝bromophenol blue配位滴定法配位滴定法compleximetry乙二胺四乙酸ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid,EDTA 螯合物chelate compound金属指示剂metal lochrome indcator氧化还原滴定法oxidation-reduction titration碘量法iodimetry溴量法bromimetry溴量法bromine method铈量法cerimetry高锰酸钾法potassium permanganate method条件电位conditional potential溴酸钾法potassium bromate method硫酸铈法cerium sulphate method偏高碘酸metaperiodic acid高碘酸盐periodate亚硝酸钠法sodium nitrite method重氮化反应diazotization reaction重氮化滴定法diazotization titration亚硝基化反应nitrozation reaction亚硝基化滴定法nitrozation titration外指示剂external indicator外指示剂outside indicator重铬酸钾法potassium dichromate method沉淀滴定法沉淀滴定法precipitation titration容量滴定法volumetric precipitation method银量法argentometric method重量分析重量分析法gravimetric analysis挥发法volatilization method引湿水（湿存水）water of hydroscopicity包埋(藏)水occluded water吸入水water of imbibition结晶水water of crystallization组成水water of composition液-液萃取法liquid-liquid extration溶剂萃取法solvent extration反萃取counter extraction分配系数partition coefficient分配比distribution ratio离子对（离子缔合物）ion pair沉淀形式precipitation forms称量形式weighing forms仪器分析物理分析physical analysis物理化学分析physicochemical analysis仪器分析instrumental analysis电位法及永停滴定法电化学分析electrochemical analysis电解法electrolytic analysis method 电重量法electtogravimetry库仑法coulometry库仑滴定法coulometric titration电导法conductometry电导分析法conductometric analysis电导滴定法conductometric titration电位法potentiometry直接电位法dirext potentiometry电位滴定法potentiometric titration伏安法voltammetry极谱法polarography溶出法stripping method电流滴定法amperometric titration化学双电层chemical double layer相界电位phase boundary potential金属电极电位electrode potential化学电池chemical cell液接界面liquid junction boundary原电池galvanic cell电解池electrolytic cell负极cathrode正极anode电池电动势eletromotive force指示电极indicator electrode参比电极reference electroade标准氢电极standard hydrogen electrode一级参比电极primary reference electrode饱和甘汞电极standard calomel electrode银－氯化银电极silver silver-chloride electrode液接界面liquid junction boundary不对称电位asymmetry potential表观PH值apparent PH复合PH电极combination PH electrode离子选择电极ion selective electrode敏感器sensor晶体电极crystalline electrodes均相膜电极homogeneous membrance electrodes非均相膜电极heterog eneous membrance electrodes 非晶体电极non- crystalline electrodes刚性基质电极rigid matrix electrode流流体载动电极electrode with a mobile carrier气敏电极gas sensing electrodes酶电极enzyme electrodes金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管MOSFET离子选择场效应管ISFET总离子强度调节缓冲剂total ion strength adjustment buffer,TISAB永停滴定法dead-stop titration双电流滴定法（双安培滴定法）double amperometric titration 光谱分析普朗克常数Plank constant电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum光谱spectrum光谱分析法spectroscopic analysis原子发射光谱法atomic emission spectroscopy 质量谱mass spectrum质谱法mass spectroscopy,MS紫外－可见分光光度紫外－可见分光光度法ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry;UV-vis肩峰shoulder peak末端吸收end absorbtion生色团chromophore助色团auxochrome红移red shift长移bathochromic shift短移hypsochromic shift蓝（紫）移blue shift增色效应（浓色效应）hyperchromic effect减色效应（淡色效应）hypochromic effect强带strong band弱带weak band吸收带absorption band透光率transmitance,T吸光度absorbance谱带宽度band width杂散光stray light噪声noise暗噪声dark noise散粒噪声signal shot noise闪耀光栅blazed grating全息光栅holographic graaing光二极管阵列检测器photodiode array detector偏最小二乘法partial least squares method,PLS 褶合光谱法convolution spectrometry褶合变换convolution transform,CT离散小波变换wavelet transform,WT多尺度细化分析multiscale analysis供电子取代基electron donating group吸电子取代基electron with-drawing group 荧光分析荧光fluorescence荧光分析法fluorometryX-射线荧光分析法X-ray fulorometry原子荧光分析法atomic fluorometry分子荧光分析法molecular fluorometry振动弛豫vibrational relexation内转换internal conversion外转换external conversion体系间跨越intersystem crossing激发光谱excitation spectrum荧光光谱fluorescence spectrum斯托克斯位移Stokes shift荧光寿命fluorescence life time荧光效率fluorescence efficiency荧光量子产率fluorescence quantum yield荧光熄灭法fluorescence quemching method 散射光scattering light瑞利光Reyleith scanttering light拉曼光Raman scattering light红外分光光度法红外线infrared ray,IR中红外吸收光谱mid-infrared absorption spectrum,Mid-IR远红外光谱Far-IR微波谱microwave spectrum,MV红外吸收光谱法infrared spectroscopy红外分光光度法infrared spectrophotometry振动形式mode of vibration伸缩振动stretching vibration对称伸缩振动symmetrical stretching vibration 不对称伸缩振动asymmetrical stretching vibration 弯曲振动bending vibration变形振动formation vibration面内弯曲振动in-plane bending vibration,β剪式振动scissoring vibration,δ面内摇摆振动rocking vibration,ρ面外弯曲振动out-of-plane bending vibration,γ面外摇摆振动wagging vibration,ω蜷曲振动twisting vibration ,τ对称变形振动symmetrical deformation vibration,δs不对称变形振动asymmetrical deformation vibration,δas特征吸收峰charateristic avsorption band 特征频率characteristic frequency相关吸收峰correlation absorption band 杂化影响hybridization affect环大小效应ring size effect吸收峰的强度intensity of absorption band 环折叠振动ring prckering vibration原子吸收分光光度原子光谱法atomic spectroscopy原子吸收分光光度法atomic absorption spectrophotometry,AAS原子发射分光光度法atomic emmsion spectrophotometry,AES原子荧光分光光度法atomic fluorescence spectrophotometry,AFS核磁共振波谱核磁共振nuclear magnetic resonance,NMR核磁共振波谱NMR spectrum核磁共振波谱法NMR spectroscopy扫场swept field扫频seept frequency连续波核磁共振continuous wave NMR,CW NMRFourier变换NMR PFT-NMR,FT-NMR二维核磁共振谱2D-NMR质子核磁共振谱proton magnetic resonance spectrum,PMR 氢谱1H-NMR碳－13核磁共振谱13C-NMR spectrum,13CNMR自旋角动量spin angular momentum磁旋比magnetogyric ratio磁量子数magnetic quantum number,m进动precession弛豫历程relaxation mechanism局部抗磁屏蔽local diamagnetic shielding屏蔽常数shielding constant化学位移chemical shift国际纯粹与应用化学协会IUPAC磁各向异性magnetic anisotropy远程屏蔽效应long range shielding effect结面nodal plane自旋－自旋偶合spin-spin coupling自旋－自旋分裂spin=spin splitting单峰singlet,s双峰doublet,d三重峰triplet,t四重峰quartet五重峰quintet六重峰sextet偕偶geminal coupling邻偶vicinal coupling远程偶合long range coupling磁等价magnetic eqivalence自旋系统spin system一级光谱first order spectrum二级光谱（二级图谱）second order spectrumC-H光谱C-H correlated spectroscopy,C-H COSY 质谱质谱分析法mass spectrometry质谱mass spectrum,MS棒图bar graph选择离子检测selected ion monitoring,SIM直接进样direct probe inlet,DPI接口interface气相色谱－质谱联用gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS高效液相色谱－质谱联用high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry,HPLC-MS电子轰击离子源electron impact source,EI 离子峰quasi-molecular ions化学离子源chemical ionization source,CI场电离field ionization,FI场解析field desorptiion,FD快速原子轰击离子源fast stom bombardment,FAB质量分析器mass analyzer磁质谱仪magnetic-sector mass spectrometer 四极杆质谱仪（四极质谱仪）quadrupole mass spectrometer原子质量单位amu离子丰度ion abundance相对丰度(相对强度) relative avundance基峰base peak质量范围mass range分辨率resolution灵敏度sensitivity信噪比S/N分子离子molecular ion碎片离子fragment ion同位素离子isotopic ion亚稳离子metastable ion亚稳峰metastable peak母离子paren ion子离子daughter含奇数个电子的离子odd electron含偶数个电子的离子even eletron,EE均裂homolytic cleavage异裂（非均裂）heterolytic cleavage半均裂hemi-homolysis cleavage重排rearragement分子量MWα－裂解α-cleavage色谱分析色谱法（层析法）chromatography固定相stationary phase流动相mobile phase超临界流体色谱法SFC高效毛细管电泳法high performance capillary electroporesis,HPEC气相色谱法gas chromatography,GC液相色谱法liquid cromatography,LC超临界流体色谱法supercritical fluid chromatography,SFC 气-固色谱法GSC气-液色谱法GLC液-固色谱法LSC液-液色谱法LLC柱色谱法column chromatography填充柱packed column毛细管柱capillary column微填充柱icrobore packed column高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC平板色谱法planar平板色谱法plane chromatography纸色谱法paper chromatography薄层色谱法thin layer chromatography,TLC薄膜色谱法; thiin film chomatography毛细管电泳法capillary electrophoresis,CE分配色谱法partition chromatography吸附色谱法adsorpion chromaography离子交换色谱法ion exchange chromatography,IEC空间排阻色谱法steric exclusion chromatography,SEC亲和色谱法affinity chromatography分配系数distribution cofficient狭义分配系数partition coefficient凝胶色谱法gel chromatography凝胶渗透色谱法gel permeation chromatography,GPC凝胶过滤色谱法gel filtration chromatography,GFC渗透系数permeation coefficien;Kp化学键合相色谱法chemically bonded-phase chromatography 分配系数distribution coefficient靛菁绿indocyanine气相色谱－傅立叶变换红外光谱GC-FTIR液相色谱薄层色谱法TLC吸附adsorption活化activation脱活性deactivation交联度degree of cross linking交换容量exchange capacity薄层板thin layer plate展开剂developing solvent,developer临界胶束浓度criticak micolle concentration,CMC相对比移值relative Rf,Rr分离度resolution,R分离数separation number,SN煅石膏Gypsum羧甲基纤维素钠CMC-Na吸收光谱联用TLC-UV薄层色谱－荧光联用TLC-F薄层色谱－红外吸收光谱联用TLC-IR薄层色谱法TLC-MS纸色谱法paper chromatography上行展开ascending development下行法展开descending development双向展开two dimensional develoooment气相色谱气相色谱法gas chromatography前延峰leading peak拖尾峰tailing peak对称因子symmetry factor,fs保留时间retention time保留体积retention volume死时间dead time调整保留时间asjusted retention time半峰宽peak width at half height,W1/2 or Y1/2 峰宽peak width,W等温线isotherm理论塔板高度height equivalent to atheoretical plate 化学键合相chemically bonded phase丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯polydiethylene glycol succinate,PDEGS,DEGS高分子多孔微球GDX苯乙烯STY乙基乙烯苯EST二乙烯苯DVB涂壁毛细管柱wall coated open tubular column,WCOT 载体涂层毛细管柱supprot coated open tubular column,SCOT 热导检测器thermal conductivity detector,TCD氢焰离子化检测器hydrogen flame ionization detector,FID 电子捕获检测器electron capture detector,ECD噪声noise,N漂移drift,d灵敏度sensitivity检测限(敏感度) detectability,D,M分离度resolution归一化法normalization method外标法external standardization高效液相色谱高效液相色谱法high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC高速液相色谱法high speed LC,HSLC高压液相色谱法high pressure LC,HPLC 高分辨液相色谱法high resolution LC,HRLC液固吸附色谱法（液固色谱法）liquid-solid adsorption chromatography,LSC液液色谱法liquid-liquid chromatography,LLC 正相normal phase,NP反相reversed phase,RP化学键合相色谱法bonded phase chromatography,BPC十八烷基octadecylselyl,ODS离子对色谱法paired ion chromatography,PIC反相离子对色谱法RPIC离子抑制色谱法ion suppression chromatography,ISC 离子色谱法ion chromatography,IC手性色谱法chiral chromatography,CC环糊精色谱法cyclodextrin chromatography,CDC胶束色谱法micellar chromatography,MC亲和色谱法affinity chromatography,AC固定相stationary phase化学键合相chemically bonde phase封尾、封顶、遮盖end capping手性固定相chiral stationary phase,CSP 恒组成溶剂洗脱isocraic elution梯度洗脱gradient elution紫外检测器ultraviolet detector,UVD荧光检测器fluorophotomeric detector,FD 电化学检测器ECD示差折光检测器RID光电二极管检测器photodiode array detector,DAD 三维光谱－波谱图3D-spectrochromatogram蒸发光散射检测器evaporative light scattering detector,ELSD安培检测器ampere detector,AD高效毛细管电泳法high performance capillary electrophoresis,HPCE淌度mobility电泳electrophoresis电渗electroosmosis动力进样hydrodynamic injection电动进样electrokinetic injection毛细管区带电泳法capillary zone electrophoresis,CZE胶束电动毛细管色谱micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography,MECC毛细管凝胶电泳capillary gel electrophoresis,CGE 筛分sieving来源：实验室经理人。
浮选常见术语中英文对照
Flotation Fee浮选给料Feed pulp de给料矿浆浓度Feed size -20给料粒度-200目Throughput p日处理量Throughput h设计每小时处理量Primary Flot一段浮选Residence tim浮选时间，依实验室浮选时间放大Concentrate f精矿泡沫系数Aeration hold浮选空气占容率Residence tim设计浮选时间Primary flotat一段浮选精矿产率Secondary F二段浮选Residence tim浮选时间，依实验室浮选时间放大Concentrate f精矿泡沫系数Aeration hold浮选空气占容率Residence tim设计浮选时间Secondary flo二段粗选精矿产率Cleaner Flot精选Residence tim浮选时间，依实验室浮选时间放大Concentrate f精矿泡沫系数Aeration hold浮选空气占容率Residence tim设计浮选时间Cleaner conc精选精矿产率Cleaner scav精选扫选（一级）精矿产率Cleaner scav精选扫选（二级）精矿产率Concentrate精矿性质Concentrate m精矿产率Concentrate g精矿品位Concentrate r精矿回收率Specific gravi精矿设计比重Flotation Co浮选精矿脱水Feed rate, no给料量，额定Feed rate, ma给料量，设计最大值Unit area thic单位处理量Rise rate, ma上升水流速，最大值Underflow pu底流浓度Flotation Co浮选精矿过滤Feed rate, no给料量，额定Feed rate, ma给料量，设计最大值Feed pulp de给料矿浆浓度Unit area filte单位处理量MIBC (FlotatQuality, minim质量Delivery 进货Solution spec溶液比重Storage tank 储槽工作容积Addition rate 浮选平均加药量Potassium A（浮选）Quality, minim质量Delivery 进货Mixing 溶液混合Storage tank 储槽工作容积Addition rate 浮选平均加药量Units单位n Feed 浮选给料lp density 给料矿浆浓度% w/w ze -200mesh 给料粒度-200目µm put per day日处理量t/d put hourly rate for design 设计每小时处理量t/h Flotation 一段浮选ce time scale up from laboratory batch test 浮选时间，依实验室浮选时间放大rate froth factor 精矿泡沫系数hold-up factor in flotation cell 浮选空气占容率%ce time, design 设计浮选时间PAX conditioning 黄药调浆mins primary flotation 一段浮选时间minsflotation concentrate stage mass pull 一段浮选精矿产率wt % ary Flotation 二段浮选ce time scale up from laboratory batch test 浮选时间，依实验室浮选时间放大rate froth factor 精矿泡沫系数hold-up factor in flotation cell 浮选空气占容率%ce time, design 设计浮选时间secondary rougher 二段浮选minsary flotation concentrate mass pull 二段粗选精矿产率wt % Flotation 精选ce time scale up from laboratory batch test 浮选时间，依实验室浮选时间放大rate froth factor 精矿泡沫系数hold-up factor in flotation cell 浮选空气占容率%ce time, design 设计浮选时间PAX conditioning PAX调浆mins cleaner 精选mins primary (stage 1) 一段浮选(一级)minsprimary (stage 2) 一段浮选(二级)minsconcentrate mass pull 精选精矿产率wt %scavenger (stage 1) concentrate mass pull 精选扫选（一级）精矿产率wt %scavenger (stage 2) concentrate mass pull 精选扫选（二级）精矿产率wt %trate Characteristics 精矿性质rate mass recovery 精矿产率nominal 额定minimum, for design 最小，设计值wt % maximum, for design 最大，设计值wt %rate grade, nominal 精矿品位gold 金g/t silver g/t sulphur 硫% mercury 汞g/trate recovery, nominal 精矿回收率gold 金% silver% sulphur 硫% mercury 汞%gravity concentrate (solids), for design 精矿设计比重t/m3n Concentrate Dewatering 浮选精矿脱水e, nominal 给料量，额定t/h e, maximum for design 给料量，设计最大值t/ha thickening rate 单位处理量t/h/m2 e, maximum 上升水流速，最大值m/h ow pulp density 底流浓度% w/wn Concentrate Filter 浮选精矿过滤e, nominal 给料量，额定t/h e, maximum for design 给料量，设计最大值t/h lp density 给料矿浆浓度% w/wa filtering rate 单位处理量t/h/m2 Flotation)minimum 质量%进货physical form 状态package form 包装package size 重量kgspecific gravity 溶液比重kg/m3tank working capacity 储槽工作容积hrate - flotation, average 浮选平均加药量kg/t feedum Amyl Xanthate (Flotation) PAX（浮选）minimum 质量% w/w进货physical form 状态package form 包装package net weight 单筒净重kg溶液混合mix per day 每日/ daymixture strength 溶液浓度%w/w solution specific gravity 溶液比重kg/m3tank working capacity 储槽工作容积% of mix capacityrate - flotation, average 浮选平均加药量kg/t feedData Rev Date 数据版本日期26752,000832.52.0155.050.013.912.52.0152.52.01520.010.05.225.0 10.023.07 34.9724.29 56.143.104.35 8.330.19 0.57 504.35 8.33 50.0100 liquid drum160810360.0790powder drum/Bag 120/40120 1,0681300.20。
塑料物性表英语汉译对照表
英语 单位 汉语 density g/cm³ 密度 specific gravity g/cm³ 比重 water absorption % 吸水率 mold shrinkage % 收缩率 melt flow(MFR/MVR) g/10min 流动系数 chemical resistance 耐化学药品性 mechanical 机械性能 tensile strength Mpa 拉伸强度 tensile strength at yield Mpa 屈服强度 flexural strength Mpa 弯曲强度 compressive strength Mpa 压缩强度 stress at break Mpa 断裂应力 creep modulus Mpa 蠕变模量 elongation at yield % 屈服伸长率 elongation at break % 断裂伸长率 flexural modulus % 弯曲弹性率 hardness R 硬度 izod impact strength j/m 缺口冲击强度 kj/㎡ 缺口冲击强度 notched charpy impact strength 无缺口冲击强度 unnotched charpy impact strength kj/㎡ fatigue durability 耐疲劳性 thermal 热性能 heat deflection temperature ℃(℉) 热变形温度 melting temperature ℃(℉) 熔融温度 vicat softening temperature ℃(℉) 维卡软化点 CLTE parallel E-4/C(F) 热膨胀系数 brittle temperature ℃(℉) 脆化温度 electrical 电性能 surface resistivity ohm 表面电阻率 volume resistivity ohm cm 体积电阻率 permittivity(dielectric constant) 介电常数 dielectric strength kV/mm 介电强度 dissipation factor 介质损耗因数 flammability 阻燃性 rating thickness 额定厚度 processing 加工处理 melt temperature range ℃(℉) 加工温度 mold temperature range ℃(℉) 模具温度 cylinder temperature ℃(℉) 料筒温度 drying temperature ℃(℉) 干燥温度 drying time h 干燥时间 processing moisture content % 处理含水量
射频等离子体球化处理氢化钕铁硼粉末
射频等离子体球化处理氢化钕铁硼粉末毛瑞奇;郝俊杰;郭志猛;舒进锋;王建军【摘要】Spherical powders were prepared by radio frequency (RF) plasma with irregular hydrogenated Nd-Fe-B powders. The morphology, elemental distribution, phase composition and particle size distribution of the powders before and after spheroidization were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and laser micron sizer (LMS). The results show that dehydrogenation decomposition and spheroidization processing of the irregular hydrogenated Nd-Fe-B powders can be finished with one step in the plasma. Powders after plasma processing have good spherical shape and dispersity, and their spheroidization ratio is almost 100%. The particle size distribution becomes narrow after spheroidizing, and the average size decreases slightly. The spherical powders consist of Nd2Fe17(B) andα-Fe phases. The analysis of element distribution by EDS indicates that slight element segregation exists on the cross section of powders after plasma processing. The spheroidization ratio gradually decreases with increasing the carrier gas flow rate. Results of numerical simulation through FLUENT software show that change of carrier gas flow rate has a great influence on the temperature field of plasma torch.%利用氩气射频等离子体球化处理形状不规则的氢化钕铁硼粉末。
材料性能参数中英文对照
材料性能中英文对照物理性能Physical properties机械性能Mechanical properties 热性能Thermal properties难燃性Flame retardance玻纤含量Glass Fiber Content比重Specific gravity抗张性Tensile properties弯曲性Flexural properties IZOD 缺口冲击强度IZOD impact value热变形温度Deflection temperatureunder load拉伸强度Tensile strength断裂伸长率Elongation at break熔融指数Melt flow rate弯曲强度Flexural strength弯曲弹性率/摸量Flexural modulus测试项目Properties item测试条件Test condition测试方法Test method测试数值Test method单位Unites吸水率Water Absorption全光线透射率Light Transmittance雾度Haze折射率Refractive Index抗拉强度Resistance strength伸长率Tensility拉伸弹性率Tensile flexibility弯曲弹性模量Curve flexibility module 悬臂梁式冲击强度Izod impact strength ofunnotched specimens 洛氏硬度Rockwell hardness表面电阻系数Surface Resistivity体积电阻系数Volume Resistivity绝缘击穿强度Dielectric Strength介电常数Dielectric Constant介质衰耗因数Dissipation Factor维卡软化温度Vicat Softening Poin比热Specific heat线膨胀系数Coefficient of LinearThermal Expansion。
统计学术语中英文对照
统计学术语中英文对照Absolute deviation 绝对离差Absolute number 绝对数Absolute residuals 绝对残差Acceleration array 加速度立体阵Acceleration in an arbitrary direction 任意方向上的加速度Acceleration normal 法向加速度Acceleration space dimension 加速度空间的维数Acceleration tangential 切向加速度Acceleration vector 加速度向量Acceptable hypothesis 可接受假设Accumulation 累积Accuracy 准确度Actual frequency 实际频数Adaptive estimator 自适应估计量Addition 相加Addition theorem 加法定理Additivity 可加性Adjusted rate 调整率Adjusted value 校正值Admissible error 容许误差Aggregation 聚集性Alternative hypothesis 备择假设Among groups 组间Amounts 总量Analysis of correlation 相关分析Analysis of covariance 协方差分析Analysis of regression 回归分析Analysis of time series 时间序列分析Analysis of variance 方差分析Angular transformation 角转换ANOVA （analysis of variance）方差分析ANOVA Models 方差分析模型Arcing 弧/弧旋Arcsine transformation 反正弦变换Area under the curve 曲线面积AREG 评估从一个时间点到下一个时间点回归相关时的误差ARIMA 季节和非季节性单变量模型的极大似然估计Arithmetic grid paper 算术格纸Arithmetic mean 算术平均数Arrhenius relation 艾恩尼斯关系Assessing fit 拟合的评估Associative laws 结合律Asymmetric distribution 非对称分布Asymptotic bias 渐近偏倚Asymptotic efficiency 渐近效率Asymptotic variance 渐近方差Attributable risk 归因危险度Attribute data 属性资料Attribution 属性Autocorrelation 自相关Autocorrelation of residuals 残差的自相关Average 平均数Average confidence interval length 平均置信区间长度Average growth rate 平均增长率Bar chart 条形图Bar graph 条形图Base period 基期Bayes' theorem Bayes定理Bell-shaped curve 钟形曲线Bernoulli distribution 伯努力分布Best-trim estimator 最好切尾估计量Bias 偏性Binary logistic regression 二元逻辑斯蒂回归Binomial distribution 二项分布Bisquare 双平方Bivariate Correlate 二变量相关Bivariate normal distribution 双变量正态分布Bivariate normal population 双变量正态总体Biweight interval 双权区间Biweight M-estimator 双权M估计量Block 区组/配伍组BMDP(Biomedical computer programs) BMDP统计软件包Boxplots 箱线图/箱尾图Breakdown bound 崩溃界/崩溃点Canonical correlation 典型相关Caption 纵标目Case-control study 病例对照研究Categorical variable 分类变量Catenary 悬链线Cauchy distribution 柯西分布Cause-and-effect relationship 因果关系Cell 单元Censoring 终检Center of symmetry 对称中心Centering and scaling 中心化和定标Central tendency 集中趋势Central value 中心值CHAID -χ2 Automatic Interaction Detector 卡方自动交互检测Chance 机遇Chance error 随机误差Chance variable 随机变量Characteristic equation 特征方程Characteristic root 特征根Characteristic vector 特征向量Chebshev criterion of fit 拟合的切比雪夫准则Chernoff faces 切尔诺夫脸谱图Chi-square test 卡方检验/χ２检验Choleskey decomposition 乔洛斯基分解Circle chart 圆图Class interval 组距Class mid-value 组中值Class upper limit 组上限Classified variable 分类变量Cluster analysis 聚类分析Cluster sampling 整群抽样Code 代码Coded data 编码数据Coding 编码Coefficient of contingency 列联系数Coefficient of determination 决定系数Coefficient of multiple correlation 多重相关系数Coefficient of partial correlation 偏相关系数Coefficient of production-moment correlation 积差相关系数Coefficient of rank correlation 等级相关系数Coefficient of regression 回归系数Coefficient of skewness 偏度系数Coefficient of variation 变异系数Cohort study 队列研究Column 列Column effect 列效应Column factor 列因素Combination pool 合并Combinative table 组合表Common factor 共性因子Common regression coefficient 公共回归系数Common value 共同值Common variance 公共方差Common variation 公共变异Communality variance 共性方差Comparability 可比性Comparison of bathes 批比较Comparison value 比较值Compartment model 分部模型Compassion 伸缩Complement of an event 补事件Complete association 完全正相关Complete dissociation 完全不相关Complete statistics 完备统计量Completely randomized design 完全随机化设计Composite event 联合事件Composite events 复合事件Concavity 凹性Conditional expectation 条件期望Conditional likelihood 条件似然Conditional probability 条件概率Conditionally linear 依条件线性Confidence interval 置信区间Confidence limit 置信限Confidence lower limit 置信下限Confidence upper limit 置信上限Confirmatory Factor Analysis 验证性因子分析Confirmatory research 证实性实验研究Confounding factor 混杂因素Conjoint 联合分析Consistency 相合性Consistency check 一致性检验Consistent asymptotically normal estimate 相合渐近正态估计Consistent estimate 相合估计Constrained nonlinear regression 受约束非线性回归Constraint 约束Contaminated distribution 污染分布Contaminated Gausssian 污染高斯分布Contaminated normal distribution 污染正态分布Contamination 污染Contamination model 污染模型Contingency table 列联表Contour 边界线Contribution rate 贡献率Control 对照Controlled experiments 对照实验Conventional depth 常规深度Convolution 卷积Corrected factor 校正因子Corrected mean 校正均值Correction coefficient 校正系数Correctness 正确性Correlation coefficient 相关系数Correlation index 相关指数Correspondence 对应Counting 计数Counts 计数/频数Covariance 协方差Covariant 共变Cox Regression Cox回归Criteria for fitting 拟合准则Criteria of least squares 最小二乘准则Critical ratio 临界比Critical region 拒绝域Critical value 临界值Cross-over design 交叉设计Cross-section analysis 横断面分析Cross-section survey 横断面调查Crosstabs 交叉表Cross-tabulation table 复合表Cube root 立方根Cumulative distribution function 分布函数Cumulative probability 累计概率Curvature 曲率/弯曲Curvature 曲率Curve fit 曲线拟和Curve fitting 曲线拟合Curvilinear regression 曲线回归Curvilinear relation 曲线关系Cut-and-try method 尝试法Cycle 周期Cyclist 周期性D test D检验Data acquisition 资料收集Data bank 数据库Data capacity 数据容量Data deficiencies 数据缺乏Data handling 数据处理Data manipulation 数据处理Data processing 数据处理Data reduction 数据缩减Data set 数据集Data sources 数据来源Data transformation 数据变换Data validity 数据有效性Data-in 数据输入Data-out 数据输出Dead time 停滞期Degree of freedom 自由度Degree of precision 精密度Degree of reliability 可靠性程度Degression 递减Density function 密度函数Density of data points 数据点的密度Dependent variable 应变量/依变量/因变量Dependent variable 因变量Depth 深度Derivative matrix 导数矩阵Derivative-free methods 无导数方法Design 设计Determinacy 确定性Determinant 行列式Determinant 决定因素Deviation 离差Deviation from average 离均差Diagnostic plot 诊断图Dichotomous variable 二分变量Differential equation 微分方程Direct standardization 直接标准化法Discrete variable 离散型变量DISCRIMINANT 判断Discriminant analysis 判别分析Discriminant coefficient 判别系数Discriminant function 判别值Dispersion 散布/分散度Disproportional 不成比例的Disproportionate sub-class numbers 不成比例次级组含量Distribution free 分布无关性/免分布Distribution shape 分布形状Distribution-free method 任意分布法Distributive laws 分配律Disturbance 随机扰动项Dose response curve 剂量反应曲线Double blind method 双盲法Double blind trial 双盲试验Double exponential distribution 双指数分布Double logarithmic 双对数Downward rank 降秩Dual-space plot 对偶空间图DUD 无导数方法Duncan's new multiple range method 新复极差法/Duncan新法Effect 实验效应Eigenvalue 特征值Eigenvector 特征向量Ellipse 椭圆Empirical distribution 经验分布Empirical probability 经验概率单位Enumeration data 计数资料Equal sun-class number 相等次级组含量Equally likely 等可能Equivariance 同变性Error 误差/错误Error of estimate 估计误差Error type I 第一类错误Error type II 第二类错误Estimand 被估量Estimated error mean squares 估计误差均方Estimated error sum of squares 估计误差平方和Euclidean distance 欧式距离Event 事件Event 事件Exceptional data point 异常数据点Expectation plane 期望平面Expectation surface 期望曲面Expected values 期望值Experiment 实验Experimental sampling 试验抽样Experimental unit 试验单位Explanatory variable 说明变量Exploratory data analysis 探索性数据分析Explore Summarize 探索-摘要Exponential curve 指数曲线Exponential growth 指数式增长EXSMOOTH 指数平滑方法Extended fit 扩充拟合Extra parameter 附加参数Extrapolation 外推法Extreme observation 末端观测值Extremes 极端值/极值F distribution F分布F test F检验Factor 因素/因子Factor analysis 因子分析Factor Analysis 因子分析Factor score 因子得分Factorial 阶乘Factorial design 析因试验设计False negative 假阴性False negative error 假阴性错误Family of distributions 分布族Family of estimators 估计量族Fanning 扇面Fatality rate 病死率Field investigation 现场调查Field survey 现场调查Finite population 有限总体Finite-sample 有限样本First derivative 一阶导数First principal component 第一主成分First quartile 第一四分位数Fisher information 费雪信息量Fitted value 拟合值Fitting a curve 曲线拟合Fixed base 定基Fluctuation 随机起伏Forecast 预测Four fold table 四格表Fourth 四分点Fraction blow 左侧比率Fractional error 相对误差Frequency 频率Frequency polygon 频数多边图Frontier point 界限点Function relationship 泛函关系Gamma distribution 伽玛分布Gauss increment 高斯增量Gaussian distribution 高斯分布/正态分布Gauss-Newton increment 高斯-牛顿增量General census 全面普查GENLOG (Generalized liner models) 广义线性模型Geometric mean 几何平均数Gini's mean difference 基尼均差GLM (General liner models) 通用线性模型Goodness of fit 拟和优度/配合度Gradient of determinant 行列式的梯度Graeco-Latin square 希腊拉丁方Grand mean 总均值Gross errors 重大错误Gross-error sensitivity 大错敏感度Group averages 分组平均Grouped data 分组资料Guessed mean 假定平均数Half-life 半衰期Hampel M-estimators 汉佩尔M估计量Happenstance 偶然事件Harmonic mean 调和均数Hazard function 风险均数Hazard rate 风险率Heading 标目Heavy-tailed distribution 重尾分布Hessian array 海森立体阵Heterogeneity 不同质Heterogeneity of variance 方差不齐Hierarchical classification 组内分组Hierarchical clustering method 系统聚类法High-leverage point 高杠杆率点HILOGLINEAR 多维列联表的层次对数线性模型Hinge 折叶点Histogram 直方图Historical cohort study 历史性队列研究Holes 空洞HOMALS 多重响应分析Homogeneity of variance 方差齐性Homogeneity test 齐性检验Huber M-estimators 休伯M估计量Hyperbola 双曲线Hypothesis testing 假设检验Hypothetical universe 假设总体Impossible event 不可能事件Independence 独立性Independent variable 自变量Index 指标/指数.Indirect standardization 间接标准化法Individual 个体Inference band 推断带Infinite population 无限总体Infinitely great 无穷大Infinitely small 无穷小Influence curve 影响曲线Information capacity 信息容量Initial condition 初始条件Initial estimate 初始估计值Initial level 最初水平Interaction 交互作用Interaction terms 交互作用项Intercept 截距Interpolation 内插法Interquartile range 四分位距Interval estimation 区间估计Intervals of equal probability 等概率区间Intrinsic curvature 固有曲率Invariance 不变性Inverse matrix 逆矩阵Inverse probability 逆概率Inverse sine transformation 反正弦变换Iteration 迭代Jacobian determinant 雅可比行列式Joint distribution function 分布函数Joint probability 联合概率Joint probability distribution 联合概率分布K means method 逐步聚类法Kaplan-Meier 评估事件的时间长度Kaplan-Merier chart Kaplan-Merier图Kendall's rank correlation Kendall等级相关Kinetic 动力学Kolmogorov-Smirnove test 柯尔莫哥洛夫-斯米尔诺夫检验Kruskal and Wallis test Kruskal及Wallis检验/多样本的秩和检验/H检验Kurtosis 峰度Lack of fit 失拟Ladder of powers 幂阶梯Lag 滞后Large sample 大样本Large sample test 大样本检验Latin square 拉丁方Latin square design 拉丁方设计Leakage 泄漏Least favorable configuration 最不利构形Least favorable distribution 最不利分布Least significant difference 最小显著差法Least square method 最小二乘法Least-absolute-residuals estimates 最小绝对残差估计Least-absolute-residuals fit 最小绝对残差拟合Least-absolute-residuals line 最小绝对残差线Legend 图例L-estimator L估计量L-estimator of location 位置L估计量L-estimator of scale 尺度L估计量Level 水平Life expectance 预期期望寿命Life table 寿命表Life table method 生命表法Light-tailed distribution 轻尾分布Likelihood function 似然函数Likelihood ratio 似然比line graph 线图Linear correlation 直线相关Linear equation 线性方程Linear programming 线性规划Linear regression 直线回归Linear Regression 线性回归Linear trend 线性趋势Loading 载荷Location and scale equivariance 位置尺度同变性Location equivariance 位置同变性Location invariance 位置不变性Location scale family 位置尺度族Log rank test 时序检验Logarithmic curve 对数曲线Logarithmic normal distribution 对数正态分布Logarithmic scale 对数尺度Logarithmic transformation 对数变换Logic check 逻辑检查Logistic distribution 逻辑斯特分布Logit transformation Logit转换LOGLINEAR 多维列联表通用模型Lognormal distribution 对数正态分布Lost function 损失函数Low correlation 低度相关Lower limit 下限Lowest-attained variance 最小可达方差LSD 最小显著差法的简称Lurking variable 潜在变量Main effect 主效应Major heading 主辞标目Marginal density function 边缘密度函数Marginal probability 边缘概率Marginal probability distribution 边缘概率分布Matched data 配对资料Matched distribution 匹配过分布Matching of distribution 分布的匹配Matching of transformation 变换的匹配Mathematical expectation 数学期望Mathematical model 数学模型Maximum L-estimator 极大极小L 估计量Maximum likelihood method 最大似然法Mean 均数Mean squares between groups 组间均方Mean squares within group 组内均方Means (Compare means) 均值-均值比较Median 中位数Median effective dose 半数效量Median lethal dose 半数致死量Median polish 中位数平滑Median test 中位数检验Minimal sufficient statistic 最小充分统计量Minimum distance estimation 最小距离估计Minimum effective dose 最小有效量Minimum lethal dose 最小致死量Minimum variance estimator 最小方差估计量MINITAB 统计软件包Minor heading 宾词标目Missing data 缺失值Model specification 模型的确定Modeling Statistics 模型统计Models for outliers 离群值模型Modifying the model 模型的修正Modulus of continuity 连续性模Morbidity 发病率Most favorable configuration 最有利构形Multidimensional Scaling (ASCAL) 多维尺度/多维标度Multinomial Logistic Regression 多项逻辑斯蒂回归Multiple comparison 多重比较Multiple correlation 复相关Multiple covariance 多元协方差Multiple linear regression 多元线性回归Multiple response 多重选项Multiple solutions 多解Multiplication theorem 乘法定理Multiresponse 多元响应Multi-stage sampling 多阶段抽样Multivariate T distribution 多元T分布Mutual exclusive 互不相容Mutual independence 互相独立Natural boundary 自然边界Natural dead 自然死亡Natural zero 自然零Negative correlation 负相关Negative linear correlation 负线性相关Negatively skewed 负偏Newman-Keuls method q检验NK method q检验No statistical significance 无统计意义Nominal variable 名义变量Nonconstancy of variability 变异的非定常性Nonlinear regression 非线性相关Nonparametric statistics 非参数统计Nonparametric test 非参数检验Nonparametric tests 非参数检验Normal deviate 正态离差Normal distribution 正态分布Normal equation 正规方程组Normal ranges 正常范围Normal value 正常值Nuisance parameter 多余参数/讨厌参数Null hypothesis 无效假设Numerical variable 数值变量Objective function 目标函数Observation unit 观察单位Observed value 观察值One sided test 单侧检验One-way analysis of variance 单因素方差分析Oneway ANOVA 单因素方差分析Open sequential trial 开放型序贯设计Optrim 优切尾Optrim efficiency 优切尾效率Order statistics 顺序统计量Ordered categories 有序分类Ordinal logistic regression 序数逻辑斯蒂回归Ordinal variable 有序变量Orthogonal basis 正交基Orthogonal design 正交试验设计Orthogonality conditions 正交条件ORTHOPLAN 正交设计Outlier cutoffs 离群值截断点Outliers 极端值OVERALS 多组变量的非线性正规相关Overshoot 迭代过度Paired design 配对设计Paired sample 配对样本Pairwise slopes 成对斜率Parabola 抛物线Parallel tests 平行试验Parameter 参数Parametric statistics 参数统计Parametric test 参数检验Partial correlation 偏相关Partial regression 偏回归Partial sorting 偏排序Partials residuals 偏残差Pattern 模式Pearson curves 皮尔逊曲线Peeling 退层Percent bar graph 百分条形图Percentage 百分比Percentile 百分位数Percentile curves 百分位曲线Periodicity 周期性Permutation 排列P-estimator P估计量Pie graph 饼图Pitman estimator 皮特曼估计量Pivot 枢轴量Planar 平坦Planar assumption 平面的假设PLANCARDS 生成试验的计划卡Point estimation 点估计Poisson distribution 泊松分布Polishing 平滑Polled standard deviation 合并标准差Polled variance 合并方差Polygon 多边图Polynomial 多项式Polynomial curve 多项式曲线Population 总体Population attributable risk 人群归因危险度Positive correlation 正相关Positively skewed 正偏Posterior distribution 后验分布Power of a test 检验效能Precision 精密度Predicted value 预测值Preliminary analysis 预备性分析Principal component analysis 主成分分析Prior distribution 先验分布Prior probability 先验概率Probabilistic model 概率模型probability 概率Probability density 概率密度Product moment 乘积矩/协方差Profile trace 截面迹图Proportion 比/构成比Proportion allocation in stratified random sampling 按比例分层随机抽样Proportionate 成比例Proportionate sub-class numbers 成比例次级组含量Prospective study 前瞻性调查Proximities 亲近性Pseudo F test 近似F检验Pseudo model 近似模型Pseudosigma 伪标准差Purposive sampling 有目的抽样QR decomposition QR分解Quadratic approximation 二次近似Qualitative classification 属性分类Qualitative method 定性方法Quantile-quantile plot 分位数-分位数图/Q-Q图Quantitative analysis 定量分析Quartile 四分位数Quick Cluster 快速聚类Radix sort 基数排序Random allocation 随机化分组Random blocks design 随机区组设计Random event 随机事件Randomization 随机化Range 极差/全距Rank correlation 等级相关Rank sum test 秩和检验Rank test 秩检验Ranked data 等级资料Rate 比率Ratio 比例Raw data 原始资料Raw residual 原始残差Rayleigh's test 雷氏检验Rayleigh's Z 雷氏Z值Reciprocal 倒数Reciprocal transformation 倒数变换Recording 记录Redescending estimators 回降估计量Reducing dimensions 降维Re-expression 重新表达Reference set 标准组Region of acceptance 接受域Regression coefficient 回归系数Regression sum of square 回归平方和Rejection point 拒绝点Relative dispersion 相对离散度Relative number 相对数Reliability 可靠性Reparametrization 重新设置参数Replication 重复Report Summaries 报告摘要Residual sum of square 剩余平方和Resistance 耐抗性Resistant line 耐抗线Resistant technique 耐抗技术R-estimator of location 位置R估计量R-estimator of scale 尺度R估计量Retrospective study 回顾性调查Ridge trace 岭迹Ridit analysis Ridit分析Rotation 旋转Rounding 舍入Row 行Row effects 行效应Row factor 行因素RXC table RXC表Sample 样本Sample regression coefficient 样本回归系数Sample size 样本量Sample standard deviation 样本标准差Sampling error 抽样误差SAS(Statistical analysis system ) SAS统计软件包Scale 尺度/量表Scatter diagram 散点图Schematic plot 示意图/简图Score test 计分检验Screening 筛检SEASON 季节分析Second derivative 二阶导数Second principal component 第二主成分SEM (Structural equation modeling) 结构化方程模型Semi-logarithmic graph 半对数图Semi-logarithmic paper 半对数格纸Sensitivity curve 敏感度曲线Sequential analysis 贯序分析Sequential data set 顺序数据集Sequential design 贯序设计Sequential method 贯序法Sequential test 贯序检验法Serial tests 系列试验Short-cut method 简捷法Sigmoid curve S形曲线Sign function 正负号函数Sign test 符号检验Signed rank 符号秩Significance test 显著性检验Significant figure 有效数字Simple cluster sampling 简单整群抽样Simple correlation 简单相关Simple random sampling 简单随机抽样Simple regression 简单回归simple table 简单表Sine estimator 正弦估计量Single-valued estimate 单值估计Singular matrix 奇异矩阵Skewed distribution 偏斜分布Skewness 偏度Slash distribution 斜线分布Slope 斜率Smirnov test 斯米尔诺夫检验Source of variation 变异来源Spearman rank correlation 斯皮尔曼等级相关Specific factor 特殊因子Specific factor variance 特殊因子方差Spectra 频谱Spherical distribution 球型正态分布Spread 展布SPSS(Statistical package for the social science) SPSS统计软件包Spurious correlation 假性相关Square root transformation 平方根变换Stabilizing variance 稳定方差Standard deviation 标准差Standard error 标准误Standard error of difference 差别的标准误Standard error of estimate 标准估计误差Standard error of rate 率的标准误Standard normal distribution 标准正态分布Standardization 标准化Starting value 起始值Statistic 统计量Statistical control 统计控制Statistical graph 统计图Statistical inference 统计推断Statistical table 统计表Steepest descent 最速下降法Stem and leaf display 茎叶图Step factor 步长因子Stepwise regression 逐步回归Storage 存Strata 层（复数）Stratified sampling 分层抽样Stratified sampling 分层抽样Strength 强度Stringency 严密性Structural relationship 结构关系Studentized residual 学生化残差/t化残差Sub-class numbers 次级组含量Subdividing 分割Sufficient statistic 充分统计量Sum of products 积和Sum of squares 离差平方和Sum of squares about regression 回归平方和Sum of squares between groups 组间平方和Sum of squares of partial regression 偏回归平方和Sure event 必然事件Survey 调查Survival 生存分析Survival rate 生存率Suspended root gram 悬吊根图Symmetry 对称Systematic error 系统误差Systematic sampling 系统抽样Tags 标签Tail area 尾部面积Tail length 尾长Tail weight 尾重Tangent line 切线Target distribution 目标分布Taylor series 泰勒级数Tendency of dispersion 离散趋势Testing of hypotheses 假设检验Theoretical frequency 理论频数Time series 时间序列Tolerance interval 容忍区间Tolerance lower limit 容忍下限Tolerance upper limit 容忍上限Torsion 扰率Total sum of square 总平方和Total variation 总变异Transformation 转换Treatment 处理Trend 趋势Trend of percentage 百分比趋势Trial 试验Trial and error method 试错法Tuning constant 细调常数Two sided test 双向检验Two-stage least squares 二阶最小平方Two-stage sampling 二阶段抽样Two-tailed test 双侧检验Two-way analysis of variance 双因素方差分析Two-way table 双向表Type I error 一类错误/α错误Type II error 二类错误/β错误UMVU 方差一致最小无偏估计简称Unbiased estimate 无偏估计Unconstrained nonlinear regression 无约束非线性回归Unequal subclass number 不等次级组含量Ungrouped data 不分组资料Uniform coordinate 均匀坐标Uniform distribution 均匀分布Uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimate 方差一致最小无偏估计Unit 单元Unordered categories 无序分类Upper limit 上限Upward rank 升秩Vague concept 模糊概念Validity 有效性VARCOMP (Variance component estimation) 方差元素估计Variability 变异性Variable 变量Variance 方差Variation 变异Varimax orthogonal rotation 方差最大正交旋转Volume of distribution 容积W test W检验Weibull distribution 威布尔分布Weight 权数Weighted Chi-square test 加权卡方检验/Cochran检验Weighted linear regression method 加权直线回归Weighted mean 加权平均数Weighted mean square 加权平均方差Weighted sum of square 加权平方和Weighting coefficient 权重系数Weighting method 加权法W-estimation W估计量W-estimation of location 位置W估计量Width 宽度Wilcoxon paired test 威斯康星配对法/配对符号秩和检验Wild point 野点/狂点Wild value 野值/狂值Winsorized mean 缩尾均值. Withdraw 失访Youden's index 尤登指数Z test Z检验Zero correlation 零相关Z-transformation Z变换.。
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球化率
球化率定义：
以石墨为例。
在金相检验中，通常所见到的是几种形态的石墨共存。
在这种情况下，评定石墨的球化质量须用球化率来解决。
所谓球化率，是指在规定的视场内，所有石墨球化程度的综合指标。
它反映该视场内所有石墨接近球状的程度。
球化分级：
国家标准根据石墨形态及其分布和球化率，将球墨铸铁石墨球化分为1-6级。
球墨铸铁的力学性能在很大程度上决定于球化率。
球化率与力学性能的关系：
一般来说，在其他条件相同的情况下，球化率愈高，力学性能也高。
Spheroidization rate
Spheroidization rate definition:
Taking example for the graphite. In the metallographic examination, often see is the coexistence of several forms of graphite. In this case, spheroidization quality assessment of graphite spheroidization rate must be used to solve.
The so-called nodularity, refers to the field of view, the comprehensive index of all graphite spheroidization degree. It reflects the view of all the nearly spherical degree of graphite.
Ball grading:
According to the national standard of graphite morphology and distribution and spheroidization rate of nodular graphite cast iron ball, will be divided into 1-6 grade. The mechanical properties of nodular cast iron depends very much on the spheroidization rate.
The relationship between the ball rate and mechanical properties:
Generally speaking, in other conditions are the same, the spheroidization rate is higher, the mechanical properties of high.。