基于单片机的电子钟设计

基于单片机的电子时钟设计

摘要

20世纪末，电子技术获得了飞速的发展，在其推动下，现代电子产品几乎渗透了社会的各个领域，有力地推动了社会生产力的发展和社会信息化程度的提高，同时也使现代电子产品性能进一步提高，产品更新换代的节奏也越来越快。

现代生活的人们越来越重视起了时间观念，可以说是时间和金钱划上了等号。对于那些对时间把握非常严格和准确的人或事来说，时间的不准确会带来非常大的麻烦，所以以数码管为显示器的时钟比指针式的时钟表现出了很大的优势。数码管显示的时间简单明了而且读数快、时间准确显示到秒。而机械式的依赖于晶体震荡器，可能会导致误差。

数字钟是采用数字电路实现对“时”、“分”、“秒”数字显示的计时装置。数字钟的精度、稳定度远远超过老式机械钟。在这次设计中，我们采用LED数码管显示时、分、秒，以24 小时计时方式，根据数码管动态显示原理来进行显示，用12MHz的晶振产生振荡脉冲，定时器计数。在此次设计中，电路具有显示时间的其本功能，还可以实现对时间的调整。数字钟是其小巧，价格低廉，走时精度高，使用方便，功能多，便于集成化而受广大消费的喜爱，因此得到了广泛的使用。

关键字：数字电子钟单片机

Abstract

The late 20th century, electronic technology has been rapid development in its promotion, penetration of modern electronic products will almost

Fields, a strong impetus to the development of social productive forces and social improvement in the level of information, while also further improve the performance of modern electronic products, replacement products have become increasingly fast pace.

Growing emphasis on modern life from the time the concept of time and money can be said to draw the equal sign. For those who are very strict and accurate grasp of time and things, time will not exactly bring a very big trouble, so as to control the display of digital clock than the clock pointer showed a big advantage. Digital display of time reading simple and fast, accurate display of time to seconds. The mechanical oscillator depends on the crystal may lead to errors.

Digital Clock is a digital circuit implementation of the "when", "sub", "seconds" The figures show the timing device. Digital clock precision, stability, far more than the old mechanical clock. In this design, we use LED digital display hours, minutes, seconds, to 24-hour time mode, according to digital control theory to dynamic display to display, use the 12MHz crystal oscillation pulse, the timer count. In this design, the circuit has a display time of the this function, you can also realize the time adjustment. Digital clock is its compact, low cost, travel time and high precision, easy to use, features and more, easy integration and loved by the general consumer, so widely used.

Keywords: digital electronic clock SCM

目录

第一章绪论

1.1 数字电子钟的背景 (4)

1.2 数字电子钟的意义 (4)

1.3 数字电子钟的应用 (4)

第二章整体设计方案

2.1 单片机的选择 (6)

2.2 单片机的基本结构 (8)

第三章数字钟的硬件设计

3.1 最小系统设计 (12)

3.2 LED显示电路 (15)

第四章数字钟的软件设计

4.1 系统软件设计流程图 (18)

4.2 数字电子钟的原理图 (21)

4.3 主程序 (22)

4.4 时钟设置子程序 (21)

4.5 定时器中断子程序 (21)

4.6 LED显示子程序 (22)

4.7 按键控制子程序 (24)

第五章系统仿真

5.1 PROTUES软件介绍 (31)

5.2 电子钟系统PROTUES仿真 (31)

第六章调试与功能说明

6.2 系统性能测试与功能说明 (32)

6.3 系统时钟误差分析 (32)

6.1 硬盘调试 (32)

6.4 软件调试问题及解决 (32)