(完整版)定语从句中介词加关系代词的用法
介词+关系词引导的定语从句
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点：1．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom （指人），即：介词+which/whom。
不能用that 和who。
.This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。
Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。
2．有时介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可用which/that(指物)，who/whom/that（指人），也可以省略。
. The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。
The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。
3．当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配，不可分割时，那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。
.This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。
不能写成：This is the pen for which I’m looking.4．定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。
. That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。
The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句介词加关系代词引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体。
直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。
“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句1.由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句主要用于正式文体，在非正式文体中通常将介词放至句末。
如：This is the man to whom I referred.我指的就是这个人。
This is the man whom I referred to.我指的就是这个人。
2.直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词which不能换成that，直接用于介词后作宾语的关系代词whom不能换成who。
但若介词用于句末，则用作宾语的which,whom也可换成that,who，或者省略。
如：这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。
This is a subject about which we have talked a lot.which不能换成that，也不能省略This is a subject which we have talked about a lot.这是一个我们讨论了许多的问题。
which可以换成that，也可以省略3.关系副词when,where,why根据情况有时可换成“介词+关系代词which”。
如：That is the day when[=on which]he was born.那就是他出生的日子。
That is the house where[=in which]he lived.那就是他住过的房子。
That is the reason why[=for which]he must apologize.那就是他必须道歉的原因。
4.在很正式的文体中，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句可紧缩成“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构。
如：在那儿孩子们有个玩耍的花园。
正：There the children had a garden in which to play.很正式正：There the children had a garden in which they could play.较正式正：There the children had a garden to play in.较口语化注：这类“介词+关系代词+不定式”结构中的介词不能没有，也不能放在句末。
定语从句 第三讲 介词关系代词的用法精品PPT课件
能力突破
1. Wind power is an ancient source of energy __C__ we may return in the near future. （2010上海）
D
【总结】
1. 选项特点：
大部分的试题，四个选项或至少两个选项为介词+关系代词形 式；考查“代词+of + which/ whom”的试题，选项中常有them, that, those, these, it等进行干扰。
定语从句之介词+
考点透视
考纲定位和能力要求： 掌握判断介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中介词的方法，并能够在试
题中应用。 知识内涵：
有些定语从句需要使用介词+关系代词（which/ whom）来引导。
一、“介词+关系代词” 中介词的位置
介词可以放在关系代词前面时，此时，关系代词只能使用which/ whom, 并且不能省略。介词也可放到句尾，此时关系代词which、that、 who、whom都可以使用，而且可以省略。
备考指津
1.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句属于定语从句考点中 的难点。近五年高考对于该考点的考查，试题普遍比较基础，容
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A. in which case C. in what case
介词加关系代词例句
介词加关系代词例句在介词加关系代词的语法规则中，常见的有以下几种情况。
1. 在定语从句中，介词加关系代词可以表示时间、地点、原因或目的等。
例如：I still remember the day on which we met for the first time.（我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。
）The house in which he lives is very big.（他住的房子很大。
）That is the reason why he refused to help us.（那就是他拒绝帮助我们的原因。
）We need to find a way by which we can solve this problem.（我们需要找到一种方法来解决这个问题。
）2. 在介词宾语从句中，介词加关系代词可以表示原因、结果或条件等。
例如：He is confident of the fact that he will pass the exam.（他相信他会通过考试这个事实。
）I am worried about the possibility that he might not come.（我担心他可能不会来的可能性。
）She is happy with the news that she got the promotion.（她对她得到晋升的消息感到高兴。
）3. 在介词短语中，介词加关系代词可表示修饰名词的关系，常用于介词+which结构。
例如：I'm interested in the book with which you're studying.（我对你正在学习的那本书很感兴趣。
）The game about which they are talking is very exciting.（他们正在谈论的游戏非常令人兴奋。
）4. 在介词对等结构中，介词加关系代词可以构成介词对等从句。
介词加关系代词引导的定语从句(DOC)
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句（一）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式，这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which ,whom , whose , 它们既可以引导限定性定语从句，也可以引导非限定性定语从句。
关系代词前该选用什么样的介词，要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定。
一．介词选择的主要标准1.介词与定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配Human facial expressions differ from those animals in the degree to which they can be controlled on purpose.人类的面部表情和动物的面部表情就可控制的程度来说是不一样的。
( to a degree )The gentleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.你昨天告诉我的那个绅士被证明是个小偷。
( tell sb. about sb./ sth. ) The English play in which my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success.那场在新年晚会上我学生参加表演的英语剧很成功。
( in the play )The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs for which they are being trained.学校本身承认，并不是所有的孩子都能在他们所接受的培训的职业成功。
( be trained for the job ) 2.介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配Who is the man with whom our teacher is shaking hands? 我们的老师与之握手的那个男士是谁？ ( shake hands with sb. )Last month , part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods , from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上个月，东南亚的部分地区发生洪水，人们还在遭受着洪水所带来的影响。
介词加关系代词(定从)
heavy
目的介词加关系代词(定从)的例句分析
总结词
表示动作发生的意图或 目的
例句
He studied hard in order to get a good grade. (他努力学习是 为了取得好成绩。)
解释
in order to引导定语从 句，修饰a good grade， 表示“为了取得好成 绩”。
作用
介词加关系代词(定从)在句子中起到 修饰名词或代词的作用，限定先行词 的范围或补充说明先行词的属性。
通过使用介词加关系代词(定从)，可以 使句子结构更加紧凑，提高语言表达的 效率。
注意事项
在使用介词加关系代词(定从)时，需要注意介词的选择和使用，确保介词与先行词和 从句中的其他成分相符合。
介词的位置可以放在关系代词之前或之后，但需要注意语意和语法上的正确性。
总结词
表示动作发生的地点
例句
The plane flew above the clouds. (飞机飞越云层。)
解释
above引导定语从句，修饰the clouds，表示“飞越云层”。
方式介词加关系代词(定从)的例句分析
1 2
总结词
表示动作发生的方式
例句
He did it in the same way as his teacher. (他 按照老师的方式做了这件事。)
地点介词加关系代词(定从)的用法
总结词
表示地点或位置
详细描述
地点介词如"in", "at", "on"等可以与关系代词（如"which", "where"等）一起使 用，来限定某个地点或位置。例如，"The school at which he teaches is very famous."（他任教的学校非常有名）。
最新定语从句中介词+关系代词的用法说课材料
03 You are late. Could you tell me the reason? Could you tell me the reason ___f_o_r w__h_ic_h__
03 you are late?
$
II合并成一个含有由“介词+ which / whom”引导的定语从句的句子
3 as a result of , because of
by means of , in front of at the back of , at the top of
$
3.Whose从句可转换为“ the +n. of +关系代词”型
Recently I bought this style of backpack, whose price/the price of whichwas very reasonable.
Kong returned to its motherland.
02
The
days
_w_h__e_n_
on which
we used foreign
oil
are
gone forever.
03 There was a time _w_h_e_n_ the businessman
lost heart.
$
studied hard
$
根据定语从句中先行词的搭配习惯确定
1
Have you found the book _fo_r_w__h_ic_h__ I paid $10?
2 Have you found the book
_o_n__w_h_i_ch__ I spent $10?
定语从句之介词加关系代词
17. I have many friends ,some_____ are businessmen. A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom
D 18. My aunt,_______life was hard, earned little money. A. for whose B. for which C. for who D. for whom
15.His parents wouldn’t let him marry A anyone______family was poor. A. of whom the B. whom C. of whose D.the 16. Frank’s dream was to have his own B shop______to produce the works of his own hands. A. that B. in which C. by which D. how
4. 介词+which (指物),whom (指人), 作分句中的目的、 方式、地点状语等。这种结构中的介词一般为动词所支 配。 1）Could you tell me the man for whom you have bought this coat? 2) He built a transparent wall through which he could observe what went on inside. 3) The man , from whom I learned the news ,is an engineer. 5. 介词 by +which (指物),whom (指人), 在被动结构中 表明动作的发出者. 1）The wolf by which the sheep was killed was shot. 2) The man by whom the wolf was shot is a good hunter.
介词加关系代词定语从句
“介词 + 关系代词”引导的定语从句“介词+关系代词”型定语从句五大考点“介词+关系代词"引导的定语从句是英语语法中的难点和重点，近年来高考对这一语法结构的考查大有升温之势。
在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which 和whom。
如先行词是物，引导词用which;如先行词是人,则引导词用whom。
如:This is the ship by which I went to Shanghai.This is the student for whom I bought the book.考点1 简单介词+关系代词知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom，指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。
（1）根据定语从句中的谓语动词确定介词，其动词或介词搭配，构成动词短语。
例如:Is this the car for which you paid a high price? （pay for）In the dark street, there wasn't a single person to whom she could turn for help. (turn to sb for help)The man with whom you shook hands just now is our English teacher. (shake hands with sb) （2）根据定语从句中的形容词确定介词，其形容词与介词搭配，构成形容词短语。
例如：The two things about which Karl Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms。
小议定语从句中“介词+关系代词”的用法
固目国 【摘 要】 【关键词】 定语从旬中 介词赧代词筋的属 江西省宜春一中 王仲标 定语从句是高中英语语法的重点和难点，而“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句尤其复杂，且高考考查 的形式又灵活多样，笔者根据教学经验，总结出以下解题方法。 定语从句 先行词从句谓语动词 句意
１．基本构成 “介词＋关系代词”结构引导的定语从句中，关系 代词若指物就用ｗｈｉｃｈ，指人则用ｗｈｏｍ，不可用ｔｈａｔ 或ｗｈｏ代替。例如： Ｔｈｅｒｅ ｃｏｍｅｓ Ｔｏｍ。（ｏｒ ｗｈｏｍ Ｉ ｈａｖｅ ｂｅｅｎ ｗａｉｔｉｎｇ ｆｏｒ ａｎ ｈｏｕｒ． 特别提醒：若将介词置于定语从句之后，关系代
词的选择和普通的定语从句一样。例如： Ｔｈｅ ｌｉｔｔｌｅ ｇｉｒｌ ｉｓ ｒｅａｄｉｎｇ ａ ｂｏｏｋ（ｔｈａｔ／ｗｈｉｃｈ）ｔｈｅｒｅ ａｒｅ ｍａｎｙ ｐｉｃｔｕｒｅｓ ｉｎ． ２．介词不能提前的情况 构成固定搭配的动词短语中的介词一般不能提 前。常见的这类动词短语有ｌｉｓｔｅｎ ｔｏ，ｌｏｏｋ ａｔ，ｄｅｐｅｎｄ ｏｎ，ｐａｙ ａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎ ｔｏ，ｔａｋｅ ｃａｒｅ ｏｆ，ｌｏｏｋ ａｆｔｅｒ，ｔａｋｅ ｍａｋｅ ｕｓｅ ｏｆ，ｃａｔｃｈ ｕｐ ｗｉｔｈ，ｇｅｔ ａｌｏｎｇ ｗｉｔｈ，ｈｅａｒ ｆｏｒｗａｒｄ ｔｏ等。例如： ｐａｒｔ ｉｎ， ｔｏｏｋ
Ｗｅ ｏｆｔｅｎ ｔａｌｋ ａｂｏｕｔ ｔｈｅ ｐｅｏｐｌｅ ａｎｄ ｔｈｅ ｔｈｉｎｇｓ ｔｈａｔ ｗｅ ｈｅａｒｄ ｏｆ． ３．“介词＋关系代词”的拓展 ３．１复杂介词＋关系代词 用于该结构中的关系代词有ｗｈｉｃｈ，ｗｈｏｍ和 ｗｈｏｓｅ。常用的复杂介词有ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｏｆ，ｉｎ ｆｒｏｎｔ ｏｆ，ａｓ ａ ｒｅｓｕｈ ｏｆ，ａｔ ｔｈｅ ｂａｃｋ ｏｆ等。例如： Ｈｅ ｗａｓ ｂａｄｌｙ ｈｕｒｔ ｉｎ ｔｈｅ ａｃｃｉｄｅｎｔ，ｂｅｃａｕｓｅ ｏｆ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｈｅ ｄｉｄｎ’ｔ ｇｏ ｔｏ ｗｏｒｋ． ３．２简单介词＋关系代词＋名词 用于该结构的关系代词有ｗｈｉｃｈ，ｗｈｏｓｅ。此时介 词的正确选择取决于关系代词后名词及整个句子的 含义。例如： ’ Ａｉｒ，ｗｉｔｈｏｕｔ ｗｈｉｃｈ ｍａｎ ｃａｎ’ｔ ｌｉｖｅ，ｉｓ ｒｅａｌｌｙ ｉｍｐｏｒ－
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“介词+关系词”的用法
1、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用
which 或 whom。
如：The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
→The school in which he once studied is very famous.
Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for.
→Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked.
We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about.
→We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked.
2、关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。
关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时
放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：
when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which
如：I won’t forget the date when( on which) I was born.
This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in.
I don’t know the reason why (for which) he hasn’t come today.
Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin.
注意：
1). 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等
如：This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (√) This is the watch for which I am looking.
(F)
2). 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，
不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
如：The man with whom you talked is my friend. (√) The man who/that you talked with is my
friend. (F)
The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (√)
The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
3).“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词
如：He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
4). 把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用
介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。
如：That”s the reason for which he was late for school. This is the book on which I spent 8
Yuan.
介词选择的三大规则：
1. 取决于从句中的谓语动词同介词的搭配。（V+ pre.）
如：He is the man whom I talked with this morning.
2. 取决于先行词同介词的常规搭配。
四组常考的搭配：1）extent degree （程度）同 to 搭配
2）price(具体多少钱时与at; 若指价格方面与in 搭配) speed rate
同at搭配
3）field area aspect sphere （领域，方面）同 in 搭配
例句：The field in which I studied in university is psychology.
4) basis ground foundation （基础）同on 搭配