家用太阳能发电系统及控制

家用太阳能发电系统设计

摘要

随着一系列动力技术的发明，能源技术的革新带动人类社会日益进步，对社会发展起着巨大的推动作用。但能源需求消耗的大幅度提高以及随之而来的环境污染，形成了巨大的能源缺口，同时给环境造成了巨大灾难。资料表明，太阳能是最清洁、环保、取之不尽的可再生能源之一。

本文以家用太阳能发电系统为研究对象，以太阳能电池板的光电转换原理、蓄电池充放电原理、蓄电池的充放电特性、蓄电池与负载以及控制器的功率匹配为主要研究方向，通过计算及实验，对如何实现蓄电池与负载及控制器的功率匹配、合理选取蓄电池的容量、合理选用太阳能电池板组件的功率等进行了分析研究。本设计主要对家用太阳能发电系统进行了试验，最终完成了利用太阳能电池板将光能转化为电能，实现了利用太阳能所产生的电能带动家用电灯，成功设计出整个家用太阳能发电系统。本设计便于家庭、偏远地区、电力建设落后的地区使用，具有广阔的市场前景。

关键词：太阳能发电；蓄电池；控制器；功率匹配

Home Solar Power System Design

Abstract

With the invention of a series of power technology, energy technology innovations driven by the growing progress of human society, plays a tremendous role in promoting social development. But substantial increase in demand for energy consumption and the consequent environmental pollution, the formation of a huge energy gap, caused huge disasters for the environment. The information shows that take full advantage of the sunlight is one of the most clean, environmental friendly, inexhaustible renewable energy.

Home solar power system for the study, to charge and discharge characteristics of the solar panels, battery charging and discharging, the battery and the load and the controller power match for the main research directions, by calculation and experiment on how the battery and the load and match the power of the controller, reasonable selection of battery capacity, a reasonable selection of the components of solar panels to power were analyzed. Designed primarily for home solar power system with the test, it finally completed use of solar panels to convert light to electricity, the electricity generated using solar energy to drive home lights, the successful design of the entire home solar power system. This design allows families in remote areas, backward areas of electric power construction, and has broad market prospects. Key words: solar power; batteries; controller; power matching

目录

1.引言

1.1本设计所做的工作 (1)

2.家用太阳能发电系统综述

2.1家用太阳能发电........................................................

2.1.1 家用太阳能发展的历史 (2)

2.1.2 家用太阳能光伏发电的优缺点 (2)

2.1.3 家用太阳能发电的应用 (3)

2.1.4 家用太阳能发电系统的原理 (4)

2.2太阳能电池板系统 (4)

2.2.1 太阳能电池板的发电原理 (4)

2.2.2 太阳能电池板的分类 (5)

2.3蓄电池储能系统 (6)

2.3.1 蓄电池的充放电原理 (6)

2.3.2 蓄电池的充放电特性 (6)

2.4控制器 (7)

2.4.1控制器的原理 (7)

2.4.2控制器的作用 (8)

2.5逆变器 (9)

2.5.1 逆变器的工作原理 (9)

2.5.2逆变器的分类及特点 (10)

3.家用发电系统功率匹配设计

3.1各项技术参数 (11)

3.2铅酸蓄电池容量的计算 (11)

3.3太阳能电池方阵功率的计算 (12)

4.实验过程的说明 (13)

5.实验结果的展示 (14)

6.总结与展望 (15)

参考文献 (16)

致谢 (17)