生理学英文名词及解释

部分生理学专业英文名词及英文解释

absolute refractory period 绝对不应期:The time interval during which a cell can initiate a second AP.

action potential 动作电位:An action potential is a rapid change in the membrane. It begins with a sudden change from the normal RP to a positive membrane potential.

active transport 主动转运:The movement of substances across the membrane,against the electrochemical gradient with energy.

afterload后负荷:Afterload is the load that is given to the muscle after the beginning of the contraction.

agglutination 凝集:If the blood in different groups be mixed, the red cells will clump.This clumping is known as agglutination.

autorhythmicity 自动节律性:Autorhythmicity is the ability to initiate its own beat.!

alveolar ventilation 肺泡通气量：The amount of air reaching the alveoli per nunute. absorption 吸收：Absorption is the process of transporting small molecules from the lumen of the gut into blood stream.

antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素：A product of neurohypophyseal which, through its action on kidneys, promotes the conservation of body water.

anatomic dead space 解剖无效腔：The space in the conducing zone of the airways occupied by gas that does not exchange with blood in the pulmonary, vessels.

blood coagulation 血液凝固:The process of the blood changes from aq. system to coagualate system.

blood group 血型：Blood groups are system of genetically determined antigenic substances on the membrane of red blood cells.

blood pressure 血压：Blood pressure means the force exerted by the blood agaxnst any unit area of the vessel wall.

basal metabolic 基础代谢率：The basal metabolic rate is the metabolic rate determined under basal conditions which includes complete mental and physical relaxation in a room or a comfortable temperature and 12 to 14 hours after the last meal.

body temperature 体温：The body temperature is often referred to core temperature. The core refers to the central area of the body, including the brain and viscera, which are maintained at a consiant temperature.

complete tetanus 完全强直收缩：When tile frequency of stimulation reaches a critical level, it will make successive contractions appears to be completely smooth and continuous.

cross-matching test 交叉配血试验：Scram from recipieat is tested against the donors cells, and serum from donor is tested against the recipients cells, this test is called cross-matching test.

cardiac cycle 心动周期：The cardiac events that occur from the beginning of one heart beat to the beginning of the next are called a cardiac cycle.

cardiac index 心指数：Cardiac index is the cardiac output per square meter of body surface area. cardiac output 心输出量：The product of the frequency of pumping (heart rate) and the stroke volume is the cardiac output;it is also called minute volume.

cardiac reserve 心力储备：The ability of the heart to adapt need of organism for expelling a