新牛津译林版八年级上8A Unit1-8语法总结

新牛津译林版八年级上8A Unit1-8语法

总结

形容词和副词都有三个等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。比较级用于两者之间的比较，表示“更……”，而最高级用于三

者或三者以上之间的比较，表示“最……”。比较级前面通常会加much、even或a little修饰，其中even和much只能修饰比

较级。常见的修饰语包括still、even、any、quite（a bit）、almost、nearly、just、rather、a little、a bit、much、a lot、far、many、twice、ten times、one fourth、two pounds和three years。

形容词的比较级和最高级的构成有规则变化和不规则变化。规则变化包括直接加、去e加、双写加、变y加以及

more/most。不规则变化则是指一些常见的形容词，如

good/well、bad/ill、many/much、little、far、old以及XXX等。

形容词的比较等级还有一些常见的句型，如“A=BA+ V + as + adj./adv。+ as + B”（与……一样）、“A≠ BA + V + not +

as/so + adj./adv。+ as + B”（与……不一样）以及“A。B或A <

B，A + V +比较级+ than + B”（比……更……）。这些句型可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用形容词的比较等级。

XXX.

XXX。we can use the structure A + V + twice/four times/。+ as + adj./adv。+ as + B。For example。"This room is twice as large as that one" means that the entire room is twice the size of the other room。"The earth is 49 times as big as the moon" means that the earth is 49 times larger than the moon.

To express increasing degree。we can use the structure subject + V + comparative + and + comparative。or subject + V + more and more + adj./adv。For example。"The days are XXX" means that the days are XXX more and more beautiful" means that our country is XXX.

XXX。we can use the structure the + comparative + subject + V +。the + comparative + subject + V +。For example。"The more we get together。the happier we'll be" means that the more we gather。the happier we will e。"The harder you study。the

better you'll be at English" means that if you study harder。you will e better at English.

To express that something is one of the highest or oldest in a group。we can use the structure subject + be + one of the + superlative + n.(pl.) + in/of。For example。"Beijing is one of the oldest cities in China" means that Beijing is one of the XXX.

To express that something is the highest or most of a group。we can use the structure subject + V + the + superlative + in/of。For example。"Ann studies hardest of all the girls in our class" means that Ann studies the hardest out of all the girls in our class.

To express that something is the comparative of two things。we can use the structure subject + V + the + comparative + of the two。For example。"Lily is the taller of the twins" means that Lily is taller than the other twin.

10.He is taller than any other student in his class。making him the tallest student in his class.

11.XXX subjects than Nancy。XXX in the USA also have more weeks off in the summertime than British students。XXX.

12.My uniform is the same as Simon's uniform。ensuring that we look uniform and nal。Millie's pencil box is the same size as Amy's pencil box。making it easy for them to share XXX.

2.Reflexive pronouns:

First person singular: myself

First person plural: ourselves

XXX: XXX/XXX

Third person singular: XXX/itself

Third person plural: XXX

作为动词或介词的宾语，经常在enjoy、teach、hurt、buy、introduce、seat、dress、express、amuse、behave等动词以及by、for、to、of等介词后作宾语。通常表示反身代词与句中的主语是同一人。它在句中作宾语，不能省略，否则该句是一个意义不完整的错句。例如：他在自学英语。她自言自语。他独自住在乡下。

同位语结构:

主要起加强语气的作用，译作“亲自，本身，本人”。例如：这蛋糕是你亲自做的吗？这工作本身很容易。你见过XXX本

人吗？

表语结构:

在be、feel、look、seem等系动词后作表语，表示身体或

精神状态处于正常。例如：今天我感觉不舒服。我觉得健康如昔。

祈使句是用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子。祈使句的作用是要求、请求或命令、劝告、建议别人做或不做一件事。祈使句的句末一般用感叹号，但是有些祈使句的语气较弱，可以用句号结尾。因对象（即主语）是第二人称，所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时。例如：请在这儿坐。保持肃静！善待我们的姐妹。小心脚下。表示禁止的句式有：不准、不要、别、No parking。

When using imperative sentences。the verb can be omitted if the meaning is clear。For example。"This way。please" means "Go this way。please"。Another type of imperative sentence is

the "Be" type。which consists of "Be + predicate (noun or adjective) + other elements"。For instance。"Be a good boy!" means "You should be a good boy!"。Finally。the "Let" type of XXX with "Let + object + verb base form + other elements"。For example。"Let me help you" means "Allow me to help you".

To form negative imperative sentences。the "Do" and "Be" types require the n of "don't" at the beginning of the sentence。For instance。"Don't et me!" and "Don't be late for school!" are negative XXX。The "Let" type can be negative in two ways: "Don't + let + object + verb base form + other elements" or "Let + object + not + verb base form + other elements"。For example。"Don't let him go" and "Let him not go" both mean "Don't allow him to go".

Some imperative sentences can start with "no" to indicate n。such as "No smoking!" and "No fishing!".

When using "Let" in imperative sentences。there are a few things to keep in mind。Firstly。there are two ways to make

negative sentences: "Don't let + object + verb base form + other elements" for third-person objects。and "Let + object + not + verb base form + other elements" for first-person objects。For example。"Don't let this type of thing happen again" and "It's raining now。Let's not go out until after the rain"。Secondly。"Let" can only be used in present tense and can have a passive voice。such as "Let the XXX" and "Let all the XXX"。Finally。after "Let"。the object can be followed by appropriate adverbs such as "out"。"in"。"down"。and "alone"。as in "Let the puppy out"。"Open the windows and let the fresh air in"。"The room is too sunny。Let

the blinds down"。and "Let me alone。please".

May是情态动词，表示许可、可能性或祝愿等意思。其

用法如下：

1.表示请求或征求许可，常用于正式场合。

May I XXX?

2.表示可能性，相当于“可能”、“也许”。

It XXX.

3.表示祝愿或希望，相当于“愿”、“祝”。

May you have a happy birthday!

4.在间接引语中，表示说话人不确定或不肯定。

He said he may come to the party.

5.在虚拟语气中，表示建议或命令。

You may as well go to bed early.

6.在条件句中，表示假设或可能性。

If it may help。I can lend you some money.

1.表示许可或征求对方的许可时，可以使用“may”的意思。例如：“你可以走了”可以翻译为“You may go now.”，“我用一

下你的电脑可以吗？”可以翻译为“May I use your computer?”。

2.回答以“may”开头的疑问句时，可以使用以下表达方式：“你可以在这里吸烟吗？”可以回答“Yes。you may.”或“Yes。please.”，“请不要吸烟”可以回答“No。you can't.”、“No。you mustn't.”或“No。you'd better not.”。

3.“may”可以用于表示猜测，通常只用于陈述句。例如：“你可能是对的”可以翻译为“You may be right.”。

4.在口语中，“can”可以代替“may”表示许可，但是“can”较为随便，“may”更正式。例如：“XXX，我可以用一下你的自

行车吗？”可以翻译为“Can I use your bike。John?”，“先生，我

可以看一下你的执照吗？”可以翻译为“May I have a look at

your license please。sir?”。

5.“can”也可以表示能力，有“能，会，能够”的意思。例如：“你会开车吗？”可以翻译为“Can you drive a car?”，“我会”可以回答“Yes。I can.”，“我不会”可以回答“No。I can't.”。

6.“can”还可以表示允许，在口语中代替“may”，有“可以”

的意思（见上面“may”的用法第四点）。

7.“can”也可以表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句。例如：“那会是真的吗？”可以翻译为“Can it be true?”，“今天是

星期天，他不可能在学校里”可以翻译为“Today is Sunday。He can't be at school.”。

8.动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成，是一种非限定性动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。动词不定式相当于名词、形容词或副词，在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。

9.动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，例如“他决定亲自去那儿”可以翻译为“He decided to go there himself.”，动词不定式还可以作形容词或副词的定语或补语，例如“我想要一本好看的书”可以翻译为“I want a book to read.”。

not

Were not

Was/Were

2)例句：

I was studying when my friend called me。当我的朋友打电话给我时，我正在研究。

They were watching a movie when the power went out。当停电时，他们正在看电影。

XXX。她在课堂上没有听老师讲课。

XXX the book to school next time。Don't et to do it。下次记得把书带到学校来，别忘了。

The XXX way to access a large amount of new n in a short d of time。互联网提供了一种方便的方式，可以在短时间内获取大量新信息。

Let's wait for the rain to。before we go out。It's pouring heavily now。让我们等雨停下来再出门吧，现在雨下得很大。

The workers were forced to work twelve hours a day。which is XXX。工人们被迫每天工作十二小时，这是不可接受的。

I am not sure whether I should go there or not。我不确定是否应该去那里。

There are five basic XXX: S+V。S+V+O。S+V+P。

S+V+IO+DO。XXX.

In grammar。it is XXX tense is the past continuous。which is used to describe ns that were in progress at a specific point in the past。

To form the past continuous。you use the auxiliary verb "was" or "were" followed by the present participle (-ing form) of the main verb。For example。"I was studying" or "XXX."

It is also XXX when using the past continuous。"While" is used to XXX at the same time in the past。and "when" is used to describe a single n that happened at a specific point in the past。

For example。"I was studying while my roommate was watching TV" or "When the phone rang。I was cooking dinner."

It is important to pay n to the context and use the correct XXX.

主长从短”型是一种句式结构，主句表达的是一个持续性动作，而从句则表达的是一个短暂性动作。在这种情况下，我们可以使用as或when来引导从句，但是不能使用while。例如：当我们到达时，正下着大雨。可以改写为：We arrived in the heavy rain.