句子结构常见错误
句子结构常见错误
Sentence Structure Problems
英语句子是受严格的语法规则制约的，在写作中如果违背这些规则，那么写出的句子就会使人无法理解，或引起歧义。要想避免发生这
些情况，在写作时就必须处理好句子结构方面的几个问题。我们对
常犯的写作错误进行了归纳。残缺句、接排句、误置修饰语和悬垂
修饰语是句子结构中最常见的错误。我将对这些问题逐一进行分析，以帮助大家弄清写作中出现这些问题的原因，并掌握纠正错误的方法残缺句(Sentence Fragments)
所谓残缺句，顾名思义，就是指不能独立成句的一个不完整的
句子片断。尽管残缺句在形式上像句子一样是以大写字母开头，
并在结尾处带有标点，然而在逻辑上并不能单独表达一个完整
的意思,仅是一组词而已。请看下列句子：
Fragment Wondering what his son was going to do．
Revised Sentence Mr．Smith had been wondering what his son was
going to do．
Fragment Some errors in writing are serious．For example，
fragments and run—on sentences．
Revised Sentences Some errors in writing are serious，for example，
fragments and run—on sentences．
OR Some errors in writing are serious，among which are
fragments and run-on sentences
虽然句子的残缺以各种形式出现，但最常见的形式是被分隔开的从句和以各种形式拆开的短语，如句号错误(period fault)。
Fragments
Having driven across the desert．We enjoyed the cool weather．
He enjoys flowers and shrubs．Which help screen his yard from
the street．
Revised Sentences
Having driven across the desert，we enjoyed the cool weather．
He enjoys flowers and shrubs，which help screen his yard
from the street．
0R
He enjoys flowers and shrubs．They help screen his yard from
the street．
在写作中要经常检查句子的残缺问题，特别要注意那些以从属
连词或短语等开头的句子，这些词都是“危险词”。要确定以这
些词开始的每个从句，都应附属于一个独立的句子。
避免残缺句的最好办法是注意区别句子和句子的一部分。我们
知道句子的最基本特点是在语法和逻辑上是一个完整的意义表
达单位。它至少具有一个主语和谓语。动词的非限定形式不能
在句中作为谓语单独使用，除非是在如Where to go tonight?简
短的问句中。因此在写句子时要特别注意。
改写残缺句主要有以下两种方法：
1将句中用的句号变成逗号，或把分隔开的短语或从句同它所属
的句子合并成一个能表达完整意思的句子。例如：
Fragments
Since there is a lack of interest．There is a great lack of information．
You should make a determined effort to avoid sentence fragments．
Because they are considered serious mistakes in writing．
I look forward to holidays．For example, Thanksgiving and
Christmas．
Revised Sentences
Since there is a lack of interest，there is a great lack of information.
You should make a determined effort to avoid sentence fragments
because they are considered serious mistakes in writing．
I look forward to holidays，for example，Thanksgiving and
Christmas．
2）把残缺句扩展到主句中，或通过添加或减少某些成分。把残缺
改写为独立、完整的句子。例如：
Fragments
I am interested only in the properties of citrus fruit．Such as
lemons，oranges，and grapefruit．
Having no money and being lonely in the big city.
It was difficult to decide. which choice to make．To return to school or to accept the job．Revised Sentences
I am interested only in the properties of citrus fruit. Examples are
lemons，oranges，and grapefruit．
Having no money and being lonely in the big city，the women
committed suicide．
It was difficult to decide whether to return to school or to accept
the job．
Directions：Try to revise the following fragments in one or more than
one way．
1．Because some students have part-time jobs in addition to going
to school
2．The table was covered with fresh vegetables．Such as lettuce，
carrots，spinach，and squash．
3．Joe tries to call home once a week．To be in touch with his family
4. He made a point of entering each misspelled word in a notebook. Which
he kept for that purpose.
5. It was a wonderful week. Fishing and swimming every day and dancing
every night.
Revised sentences
1．Because some students have part-time jobs in addition to full-time
class work，they have very little free time．
2．The table was covered with fresh vegetables such as lettuce，carrots，spinach and squash．
3．Joe tries to call home once a week to keep in touch with his family．4．He made a point of entering each misspelled word in a notebook，which he kept for that purpose．
5．It was a wonderful week．We went fishing and swimming every
day and dancing every night．
OR：It was a wonderful week．We fished and swam every day and
danced every night．
2．接排句(Run-on Sentence)
所谓接排句就是两个或更多的句子混合交织在一起，而没有正确
的标点符号标明它们之间关系的句子。这样的句子，意思含混不
清，使读者不能理解各部分之间的关系。接排句有两种形式:一是
融合句(fused sentence)，即在句子之间没有标点符号和句间连接词；
另一种更为常见的形式是逗号连接(comma splice)，即没有并列连
词，只用逗号代替分号和句号，把两个完整的意思连接起来.请看
例句:
Fused Sentences
1. The girls scored higher in math the boys scored higher in verbal skills．
2. Gestures are a means of communication for everyone they are
essential for the hearing-impaired．
Comma Splices
1. Education is an elusive word, it often means different things
to different people．
2. Hikers would especially enjoy a vacation at Yellowstone National
Park，the park consists of two million acres of backcountry．
改正接排句的基本方法可根据句子之间的不同关系分为以下5种
1.用句号分隔。当长句或两个句子之间的关系不是很密切或毫无
关系时，可使用这种方法。例如：
Revised Sentences
The girls scored higher in math．The boys scored higher in verbal skills．
Gestures are a means of communication for everyone．They
are essential for the hearing-impaired．
Education is an elusive word．It often means different things to
different people．
Hikers would especially enjoy a vacation at Yellowstone National
Park．The park consists of two million acres of backcountry
2 用分号隔开。用分号连接两个独立的分句时，它们之间的关系
在意义和语法结构上比起使用句号时，关系较紧密。
Revised Sentences
The girls scored higher in math；the boys scored higher in
verbal skills．
Gestures are a means of communication for everyone；they
are essential for the hearing—impaired．
Education is an elusive word；it often means different things
to different people．
Hikers would especially enjoy a vacation at Yellowstone National Park；the park consists of two million acres of backcountry．
3使用并列连词连接。当接排的句子之间关系紧密，容易辨别且
合乎逻辑时，可以借助并列连词来连接，通常在这些连词前要加上逗号。
Revised Sentences
The girls scored higher in math，and／but the boys scored
higher in verbal skills．
Gestures are a means of communication for everyone，but
they are essential for the hearing—impaired．
Education is an elusive word，for it often means different
things to different people．
Yellowstone National Park consists of two million acres of backcountry，and hikers would especially enjoy a vacation
there．
4使用连接副词连接。根据作者的意图和句子的需要。接排的句
子可以使用连接副词来连接。这时，句子之间要用分号。在连
接副词的后面还要加逗号，但是一般在单音节的连词后不加逗号。如so，yet。thus等.
Revised Sentences
The girls scored higher in math；however，the boys scored higher
in verbal skills．
Gestures are a means of communication for everyone; neverthe1ess，they are essential for the hearing-impaired．
Education is an elusive word; indeed, it often means different
things to different people．
Yellowstone National Park consists of two million acres of backcountry; therefore, hikers would especially enjoy a vacation there．
5.使用从属连词、关系副词或关系代词连接. 当可以判断出一个
句子从逻辑上或意义上从属于另一个句子时, 可以将此接排句
改写成复合句。
Revised Sentences
The girls scored higher in math，while the boys scored higher
in verbal skills．
Although gestures are a means of communication for everyone，
they are essential for the hearing-impaired．
The power failure caused a blackout which created a lot of problems．
Hikers would especially enjoy a vacation at Yellowstone National Park，which consists of two million acres of backcountry Directions: Revise the following run-on sentences
1．Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male professions they have already opened most of the doors to
desirable career paths．
2．I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town，all the
tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．
3．Eric was late to work he ran all the way．
Revised sentences
1．Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male professions，for they have already opened most of the doors
to desirable career paths．
OR：Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male
professions；they have already opened most of the doors to
desirable career paths．
OR：Women no longer need to move into the traditionally male
professions．They have already opened most of the doors to
desirable career paths．
OR：Because women have already opened most of the doors to desirable career paths，they no longer need to move into the
traditionally male professions．
2．I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town．All the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．
OR：I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town，but all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．
OR：I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town；
however，all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat
Festival．
OR：I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in town；all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．
OR：Although I called for a reservation at a famous restaurant in
town，all the tables were taken before the Dragon Boat Festival．3．Eric was late to work，so he ran all the way．
or：Eric ran all the way；otherwise，he could have been late to
work．
or：Because Eric was late to work，he ran all the way．
or：Eric ran all the way because he was late to work．
or：Eric was late to work although he ran all the way．
Directions: Identify and correct serious errors(such as fragments·
fused sentences and comma splices)in each of the following．
1．Without telling anyone，even her sister，Mary，going to the
park，meeting her friends．
2．The physics problems were just impossible，they took all day to do·
3．That the course was so hard we all studied day and night, with no one getting an A or a B．
4．I knocked on／at the door when the lady came I gave her most in- gratiating smile．
5．Why do you ask what concern is it of yours?
6．Getting married is easy，staying married is a different matter.
7．Michelle tried each of the appetizers on the table．And then found
that，when the dinner arrived，her appetite had gone·
8．She didn’t know what to say to his announcement，she was not at
a complete loss for words，either．
Revised sentences
1．Without telling anyone，not even her sister，Mary went to the
park to meet her friends．
2．The physics problems were just impossible；therefore，they took all day to do．
3．The course was so hard that we all studied day and night，with no one getting an A or a B．
4．I knocked on／at the door．When the lady came，I gave her most
ingratiating smile．
5．Why do you ask? What concern is it of yours?
6．Getting married is easy；staying married is a different matter．OR：Getting married is easy，but staying married is a different
matter．
OR：Although getting married is easy，staying married is a different matter．
7．Michelle tried each of the appetizers on the table．She
then found that，when the dinner arrived，her appetite had gone．8．She didn’t know what to say to his announcement，nor was she at
a complete loss for words，either.
OR：She was neither ready with a response
nor at a complete loss for words．
3. 误置修饰语（Misplaced Modifiers）
在写作中，为了使句子生动和更具有吸引力，常常需要添加修饰语。
按照英语构句规则，充当定语或状语的词、短语或从句必须尽可能地靠近
所修饰的成分。如果忽视了这个规则，在修饰语和其所修饰的中心词之间
不恰当地夹进了其他成分，就可能造成句子意思混淆，产生歧义。请看下面句子：Misplaced Modifiers
He sold the old car to the man with leather seats．
Please give the book to the boy with the blue cover．
That cat belongs to my neighbor with five kittens．
Revised Sentences
He sold the old car with leather seats to the man．
Please give the book with the blue cover to the boy．
That cat with five kittens belongs to my neighbor．
如果一个修饰语既可以修饰其前面的词也可修饰其后面的词，
这样的修饰语称为歧义修饰语(squinting modifier)。歧义修饰
语会使读者对其修饰目的感到困惑不解。所以，应该把易产
生歧义的修饰语放在它所惟一修饰的词的前面。例如：
The equipment without the accessories sold the best．(Differ-
ent types of equipment were available，some with and some
without the accessories．)
The equipment sold the best without the accessories．(One
type of equipment was available，and the accessories were
optional．)
Squinting Modifiers
We agreed on the next day to make the adjustments·
Students who practice writing often will benefit．
Revised Sentences
We agreed to make the adjustments on the next day·
(We agreed that on the next day we would make the adjustments)-
Or
On the next day，we agreed to make the adjustments．
(On the next day，we agreed that we would make the adjust-
ments．)
Students who often practice writing will benefit．
Students who practice writing will often benefit．
所以，在写作中我们要特别注意副词的位置，要把它们放在
使读者对句子的意义更清楚的地方。请分析下面这个句子：
He only suggested three rules for us to follow．
除非我们在这里确实是指“He only suggested them；he didn’t
insist on them．”，否则only这个词就应放在它所修饰的词前面：
He suggested only three rules for US to follow．
要注意句子会随着only位置的改变而改变其意义。
Directions：Identify the misplaced word or words in each sentence．
Then rewrite the sentences and make the meaning clear．
1．Our team didn’t even score once．
2 . She is teaching a seminar this term on market economy at the
Osaka International University.
3．The city almost spent twenty million dollars on the new stadium
4．Tony bought an old car from a crooked dealer with a faulty
transmission．
5．The suburbs nearly had five inches of rain．
6．We could see the football stadium driving across the bridge．
7．I almost had a dozen job interviews after I sent out my resume
8．There were strong calls for an immediate ceasefire in the UN
Security Council
9. The exchange students we met for coffee occasionally questioned us
about our latest slang.
10. I put the chair in the middle of the room that I had recently purchased.
Revised sentences
1．Our team didn’t score even once.
2．This term she is teaching a seminar on market economy at the Osaka International University．
3．The city spent almost twenty million dollars on the new stadium．
4．Tony bought an old car with a faulty transmission from a crooked
dealer．
5．The suburbs had nearly five inches of rain.
6．Driving across the bridge，we could see the football stadium.
7．I had almost a dozen job interviews after I sent out my resume.
8．There were strong calls in the UN Security Council for an immediate ceasefire．9．The exchange students we occasionally met for coffee questioned
us about our latest slang．
OR：The exchange students we met for coffee questioned us
occasionally about our latest slang.
1O．I put the chair that I had recently purchased in the middle of the
room．
4．悬垂修饰语(Dangling Modifiers)
悬垂修饰语是与句子的主语不能构成逻辑关系的修饰语。悬垂修饰语
可以出现在句中的任意位置，但大多位于句首。请看下面例句：
Dangling Modifiers
By going to the various sorority houses on campus and meeting
hundreds of new girls，my conversation，manners，and poise
became more polished．
To write the proposal，research must be done．
两句中斜体的修饰语与句子的主语不存在逻辑关系。在第一句
中，当作者想当然地认为“I”是句子的主语，并打算对自己做个
描述。但是由于用了“my conversation…”做句子的主语就破坏了
句子中的逻辑关系而引起荒谬可笑的解释：It was her conversation
that visited the sorority houses．动词的非限定性短语作状语时，其
逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致，否则就会形成悬垂性修饰语。
如果把句子的主语改成“I”，就可改成一个令人满意的句子了。同
样，在第二句中，动词不定式在逻辑上不能修饰句子的主语，the
research．
Revised Sentences
By going to the various sorority houses on campus and meeting
hundreds of new girls，I polished my conversation，manners，
and poise．
To write the proposal, the professor must first do some re-
search．
2．悬垂动名词(Dangling Gerund)
Dangling Modifiers
By installing a birdbath．the birds were given a source of water．
After finishing the research，the paper was easy to write．
Revised Sentences
By installing a birdbath，we gave the birds a source of water．
After finishing the research，I found that the paper was easy
to write．
3．悬垂动词不定式(Dangling Infinitive)
Dangling Modifiers
To ski properly，a course of instruction is necessary．
To write well，good books must be read．
Revised Sentences
To ski properly，a beginner should take a course of instruction.
To write well, I must read good books.．
4．悬垂省略从句(Dangling Elliptical Clause)
Dangling Modifier
While climbing the hill，the rain began to fall·
When only a small boy，my father took me with him to Chicago·
Revised Sentences
While climbing the hill，she felt the rain beginning to fall·
When I was only a small boy，my father took me with him to
Chicago．
常用的修改悬垂性修饰语的方法有：
1.找出句子中隐含的主语，对所修饰的短语提供行为者(actor)
(承担动作行为的人或物).
Dangling Modifiers
At the age of six my uncle bought my first pet，a goldfish.
While leaving the house，the phone rang·
Using this drug，many undesirable side effects are experienced．
Revised Sentences
At the age of six, I received my first pet, a goldfish from my
uncle．
While leaving the house, I heard the phone ring·
Using this drug，patients experience many undesirable side
effects．
2.补足悬垂短语或省略从句必要的成分，扩展其成为一个完整的
从句，由行为者做主语.
Revised Sentences
When I was six，my uncle bought me my first pet，a goldfish·
As I was leaving the house，the phone rang.
Many undesirable side effects are experienced when this drug is used.
Directions：Please revise the following sentences with dangling modifiers．1．Thumbing through the magazine，her eyes automatically noticed the cosmetic ads．2．To please the visitors，a cross talk was performed．
3．On entering the teacher’s office，a terrestrial globe caught his attention．；4．Though only seventeen，the army accepted his application．
5．From attending professional meetings，important lessons can be
learned．
6．With fifty pages left to read，War and Peace was absorbing．
7．On the newsstands only an hour, its sales surprised everyone．
8．While eating lunch in the cafeteria，the computer malfunctioned
Revised sentences
1．Her eyes automatically noticed the cosmetic ads as she was thumbing through the magazine．
2．To please the visitors，they performed a cross talk。
3. On entering the teacher’s office，he noticed a terrestrial globe．
4. Though he was only seventeen，the army accepted his application.
5. From attending professional meetings，we learned some important lessons．
6. With fifty pages left to read, Tina found War and Peace was
absorbing.
7. Because the magazine had been on the newsstands only an hour,
its sales surprised everyone．
8. While the programmer was eating lunch in the cafeteria，the computer malfunctioned．
Directions：Here are sentences with dangling modifiers．Correct
them in two ways．Either place the subject within the opening word
group，or place it right after the opening word group．
1.Swimming at the lake，a rock cut Maria’s foot．
2.While eating my sandwich，five mosquitoes bit me．
3.Getting out of bed，the tile floor was so cold that Sue shivered all over．
4Although exhausted from operating, the day ended with reading lab reports.
Revised sentences
1.When Maria was swimming at the lake，she cut her foot on a
rock．
OR：Swimming at the lake，Maria cut her foot on a rock．
2．While I was eating my sandwich，five mosquitoes bit me．
OR：While eating my sandwich，I was bitten by five mosquitoes．3．When Sue got out of bed，the tile floor was so cold that she shivered all over．
OR：Getting out of bed，Sue found the tile floor so cold that she
shivered a11 over．
4. Although the doctor was exhausted from operating，he ended the
day by reading lab reports．
OR: Although exhausted from operating, the doctor ended the day by reading lab reports.
初中英语五种基本句型结构
初中---五种基本句型 中考对五种基本句型的考查主要集中在以下几方面： 1. 掌握五种基本句型的基本用法。 2. 掌握五种基本句型在用法上的区别。 中考考查这部分内容时的题型和大体分值为： 单选（1分） 写句子（1分） 写作（1-2分） 阅读理解（1-2分） 一、知识精讲 五种基本句型是句子最基本的组成部分。掌握了这五种基本句型，在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句子时，运用这些基本句型，对句子的分析就会变得容易多了。在写作中，首先要能运用好这些基本句型，才能得到高分。 （一）五种基本句型的句子成分： 1. 句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。 2. 主语（subject）：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 【例句】 We often speak English in class. 我们在课上经常说英语。 Smoking does harm to the health. 吸烟对健康有害。 The rich should help the poor. 富有的人应该帮助贫困的人。 3. 谓语（verb）：谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词常在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。分及物动词和不及物动词两种。 【例句】 He practices running every morning. 他每天早晨练习跑步。 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。 We like helping the people in trouble 我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的人。
句子结构与成分易错大盘点
外研版英语句子结构与成分易错大盘点 一、句子结构与成分 1．You may know all the words on the right, but which of the following carries meaning? A. A friend self is a second. B. A second is self a friend. C. A friend is a second self. D. Self a second is a friend. 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：你可能知道右面所有的单词，但是下列哪个句子是有意义的？second，第二个；friend，朋友；self，你自己；a，不定冠词表示数量一；C为正确选项，意为：朋友是另一个自己。故选C。 【点评】考查连词成句。先确定句意，根据语法知识将词连接成句。 2．Which of the following sentences is correct? A. He came in and sat down. B. We all like
句子成分分析
句子成分分析 （一）知识要点 1什么是句子 句子是由词或词组构成的，是具有一定语调并表达一个完整意思的语言运用单位。根据用途和语气，句子可以分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。根据结构可分为单句和复句。我们今天要研究的是单句，要给它划分成分。 2.句子成分的名称及符号 名称：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。 符号：主语= 谓语—宾 语? 定语（）状语[ ] 补语< > ①句子的基本成分是：主语、谓语、宾语。 补充成分是：定语、状语、补语。 ②主语部分和谓语部分之间可用II划开。 3.（1）划分句子成分，首先要研究主语、谓语、宾语。 主语：是谓语陈述的对象，指明说的是“什么人”或“什么事 物”。 谓语：是陈述主语，说明主语的，说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”。 宾语：在动词后面，表示动作、行为所涉及的人或事物，回答“谁”或“什么” 一类问题。 句子一般有两种情况：写人、写物（写事、写物）。分析句子时，首先判断是人”还是“写物”。 ①.写人格式：“谁”+ “干什 么” （主语） （谓 语） （宾语） 例：杨亚II写字 主谓宾 注意：处理复杂的单句时，要抓主干。 例：一中的杨亚丨在课桌上写着毛笔 字。 主谓宾②.写物 格式：“什么事”或“什么物” + “怎么样”
（主语）（谓语、宾语） 例：猫II捉鱼 主谓宾 例：一只小猫II在盆边捉了一条大鱼 主谓宾 注意：“是”为典型的动词，一般是“谓语”。 例如：他II是学生 主谓宾 （2）.划分句子成分，还要抓住枝干（定语、状语、补语）定语：在句子中起着修饰、限制主语或宾语中心语的作用。 状语：修饰、限制谓语中心语，一般在谓语中心语前面，有的在句子最前面，交待时间、地点、范围、情况等。 补语：对谓语中心语起补充说明作用，一般放在谓语中心语之后。 例：画眉唱歌 这是一个把主语中心语、谓语中心语、宾语中心语单提出的句子。原句是“两只美丽的画眉高兴地唱一首歌。” ①?（两只美丽的）画眉 “两只美丽”是“画眉”--主语中心语的修饰部分，叫“定语”。 ②.［高兴］地唱 谓语中心语“唱”前边的修饰、限制成分--“高兴”为“状语”。 ③.（一首）歌 宾语中心语“歌”前的修饰、限制部分--“一首”为“定语”。 ④?歌唱得v好〉 修饰、限制谓语中心语“唱”，并放在它后面的部分--“好”为“补语”。 4?划分句子的口诀： （1）句子成分要划对，（2）纵观全局找主 谓。（3）主前定状谓后补，（4）谓前只有状地位。（5）“的”定“地”状“得”后补，（6）宾语只受谓支配。 示例及练习部分 划分句子成分练习 1、鲁班是我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑工匠。 答案：（鲁班）主语（是）谓语（我国古代春秋时期一位著名的建筑）定语（工匠）宾语。
英语句子的五种基本结构精编版
英语句子结构有五种（主谓，主谓宾，主系表，主谓宾宾和主谓宾宾补） 主谓：I study. 主谓宾:I like banana. 主系表:I am a student. 主谓双宾:I give a pencil to him. 主谓复合宾语:I make him happy. 1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [S + V] 如：The children are playing happily. 孩子们正在高兴地玩。 2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语[S+V+O] 如：The Greens enjoy living in China. 格林一家喜欢住在中国。 3. 主语+谓语+表语[S+V+P] 该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有：be(是)；get(变得), become(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等。如： ①He became a famous doctor. 他成为了一名著名的医生。 ②The apple pie tastes really delicious. 苹果派吃起来真是好吃。 4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语[S+V+InO+DO] 这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如： ①My aunt bought me a computer. = My aunt bought a computer for me. 我阿姨买给我一台电脑。 ②I passed him the salt. = I passed the salt to him. 我把盐递给他。 5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语[S+V+O+OC] 如：We must keep our school clean. 我们必须保持我们的学校清洁。 1. Subject (主语) ＋Verb (谓语) 这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如： The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。 She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。 The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。 2. Subject (主语) ＋Link. V(系动词) ＋Predicate(表语) 这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类： (1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如：Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上。 We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎。 This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕。 The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。 (2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如： Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。 Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物，已经变质了。 The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的。 3. Subject(主语) ＋Verb (谓语) ＋Object (宾语) 这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如： You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里。 Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。 She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。 I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页。 - 1 -
初中语文句子成分分析三图教你看懂句子结构
初中语文句子成分分析，三图教你看懂句子结构 从句法结构的关系意义出发，对句子作成分功能或作用分析的方法叫句子成分分析法，即用各种方法标出基本成分（主语、谓语、宾语）和次要成分（状语、补语）。 句子成分有六种——主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。 汉语句子成分口诀： 主谓宾、定状补，主干枝叶分清楚。 定语必居主宾前，谓前为状谓后补。 状语有时位主前，逗号分开心有数。 图解三大类句子 1、常用语句 2、兼语语句 （前谓语为使令性动词） 3、主观语句 （谓语为感官心理方面的动词） 注明 主干成份——主语、谓语、宾语； 附加成份——定语、状语、补语。
主语“”标注，谓语“__”标注，宾语“波浪线”标注；定语“（）”标注，状语“【】”标注，补语“< >”标注。 下面我们进行一一分析： 一、主语 多表示人或事物，是句子里被陈述的对象，在句首能回答“谁”或者“什么”等问题。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。例如：（1）今天晚上‖特别冷。 主语（偏正短语）谓语 （2） [明天这个时候]，我们‖就可以走出戈壁滩了。 状语（时间）主语（代词）谓语 以动作、性状或事情做陈述的对象的主语句。例如： （1）笑‖是具有多重意义的语言。 主语（动词）谓语 （2）公正廉洁‖是公职人员行为的准则。 主语（形容词联合短语）谓语 二、谓语
是用来陈述主语的，能回答主语“怎么样”或“是什么”等问题。谓语可以由动词来担任,一般放在主语的后面。 （1）动词性词语经常做谓语。例如： 他‖[只]答应了<一声>。 主语谓语（状语+动词+补语） 南海一中‖留下<过>(许多人)的梦。 主语谓语（动词+补语+定语+宾语） 我‖[最近]去<了><一趟>北京。 主语谓语（状+动+补+宾） （2）形容词性词语也经常做谓语。例如：太阳‖热烘烘的。 主语谓语（形容词+的） 人参这种植物,‖娇嫩<极了>。 主语谓语（形容词+补语） 说话‖[要]简洁<些>。 主语谓语（状语+形容词+补语） （3）主谓短语做谓语。例如： 这件事‖大家都赞成。
英语基本句子结构
初中英语基本语法结构 句子是文章的基础，无论多长的文章都是由一个一个的句子组成的，因此，学习运用写作及阅读应学好造句，打好坚实的句法基础，才有可能写出好的文章。运用句子的基本结构 英语的句子千变万化，但是无论其怎样变化，都是由为数不多的几个基本句子结构扩展而来的，造句就好像画一棵树，掌握了句子的基本结构，就如同掌握了树干的画法，在此基础上便可以学习添枝加叶，画出千变万化的树木了。 运用的基本结构可以分为五个类型。 1、主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P） 列如：She is a student （身份）He has become an engineer It tastes sweet They are in the classroom 这种句子机构的动词是系动词，其后的表语表示主语的身份，特征或者状态。英语中可用作系动词的数量很少，最常用的是be的各种变化形式，初学者比较容易用错的是其他的系动词，如become，turn，look，seem，appear，sound，taste，smell，remain，prove，keep，fall，等的，由于系动词数量不多，初学者只要稍加留意就不会出错了。 2、主语+动词（S+V）列如：water flows He is reading She has arrived T hey will come Mary cried 这种句子结构的动词是不及物动词，其后无须跟其他的句子成分。初学者使用这类词时，应当注意不要受其汉语对应词意义的影响。例如汉语中的’到‘在英语中的对应词可以是arrive，也可以是reach，但是reach是及物动词，须有宾语，不能用在上面第三个例句中。反之，如果需要带宾语时，arrive后则应加介词。 例如：They have reached NEW YORK They have arrived at NEWYORK 3、主语+动词+宾语（S+V+O） 例如：Tom speaks English He bought a jacket They have finished the job Rose is reading a book 这种句子结构中的动词是单宾及物动词，其后必须跟一个宾语。英语中的及物动词大多数都属这一类。 4、主语+动词+宾语+宾语（S+V+O+O） 例如：Mr Brown teaches them English Mother told me a story Give us a ring when you arrive at the college The students are giving the classroom a thorough clean up 这种句子结构中的动词是双宾及物动词，其后跟两个宾语，即间接宾语和直接宾语。直接宾语是动作承受者或结果，如上例中的English，a story ，a ring ，a thorough cleanup，间接宾语则表示动作是为谁做的，如上例中的them，me，us和the classroom。虽然这类动词的数量不是很多，但使用频率很高，构成了一种英语
句子结构和成分分析
句子结构及成分 ①相关概念 1.词性的英文缩写 在英语学习中，掌握单词词性非常重要。如果我们在记单词的时只记拼写、读音而不记词性的话，我们就不知道如何使用它们，所以我们在记单词时一定要把单词词性记准记牢。 缩写字母原词代表词性 n. noun 名词 v. verb 动词 vt.transitive verb 及物动词 vi.intransitive verb 不及物动词modal v. modal verb 情态动词 aux. v. auxiliary verb 助动词 adj.adjective 形容词 adv.adverb 副词 num. numeral 数词 interj. interjection 感叹词 pron. pronoun 代词 prep.preposition 介词 art. article 冠词 conj conjunction 连词 2.及物动词和不及物动词 实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。 实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。 The door opened. (open后面没跟宾语，此时，open是不及物动词。) He opened the door. (open后面有宾语the door, 此时，open是及物动词。) 注意：英语中一个动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，关键是看它用在句中时后面是否跟宾语。 有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，词义相同。如： The meeting began at six. < vi.> We began the meeting at six. < vt.> 有(答疑qq 329950885)些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词，但词义不同。如： The man walked away. (walk不及物动词，意为“走”) He walked the dog every day. ( walk及物动词，“遛”) She washes clothes at home. (wash及物动词，“洗”) The clothes washes well. (wash不及物动词，“耐洗”)英语中一些单词是及物还是不及物，可能与汉语不同。He listens to the music every day. (listen为不及物动词，而汉语中“听”是及物动词。) 指出下列句中斜体动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，及物动词填vt.，不及物填vi.。 考点1.Most birds can fly.（） 考点2.The children are flying kites in the park. ( ) 考点3.It happened yesterday.（） 考点4.My watch stopped.（） 考点5.The baby stopped crying when he saw his mother. ( ) 考点6.She spoke at the meeting this morning. （）考点7.Shall I begin at once?（） 考点8.She began working as a teacher after she left school.（）（） 考点9.When did they leave Beijing?（） 考点10.They left last week. （） 3.实义动词、助动词与情态动词 实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。实义动词也叫行为动词。 实义动词 指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。 如： He lives quite near. (live“住”，有明确的意义，单独作谓语，为实义动词。) I like reading. （like “喜欢”，意思明确，单独作谓 语，为实义动词。） I bought a pen yesterday. （bought “买”，意义明确， 单独作谓语，为实义动词。） 助动词 助动词的“助”是“帮助”之意。因此，助动词是指那些用来帮助构成时态、语态、虚拟语气、疑问句、否定句、倒装句和帮助强调的词。这些词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。 帮助构成时态的： The boy is crying.(is 用来帮助构成现在进行时，和crying一起作谓语，是助动词。) He has arrived. (has用来帮助构成现在完成时，和arrived一起作谓语，是助动词。) I have been painting all day. （have been用来帮助构成
(完整word版)句子成分及句子结构
句子结构及成分 1.及物动词和不及物动词 实义动词后面跟宾语时，这个动词是及物动词。实义动词后面不跟宾语时，此时这个动词是不及物动词。 The door opened. He opened the door. The meeting began at six. < vi.> We began the meeting at six. < vt.> 指出下列句中斜体动词是及物动词还是不及物动词，及物动词填vt.，不及物填vi.。 考点1.Most birds can fly.（） 考点2.The children are flying kites in the park. ( ) 考点3.It happened yesterday.（） 考点4.My watch stopped.（） 考点5.The baby stopped crying when he saw his mother. ( ) 考点6.She spoke at the meeting this morning. （） 考点7.Shall I begin at once?（） 考点8.She began working as a teacher after she left school.（）（） 考点9.When did they leave Beijing?（） 考点10.They left last week. （） 2.实义动词、助动词与情态动词 实义动词和助动词是根据动词在句子中的含义和作用来划分的。实义动词也叫行为动词。 实义动词 指的是那些意义完全且能够独立作谓语的动词。如： He lives quite near. (live“住”，有明确的意义，单独作谓语，为实义动词。) I like reading. （like “喜欢”，意思明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词。） I bought a pen yesterday. （bought “买”，意义明确，单独作谓语，为实义动词。） 助动词 助动词的“助”是“帮助”之意。因此，助动词是指那些用来帮助构成时态、语态、虚拟语气、疑问句、否定句、倒装句和帮助强调的词。这些词本身无词汇意义或意义不完全，不能单独作谓语。 帮助构成时态的： The boy is crying.He has arrived. I have been painting all day. Does he like English?
英语句子的基本结构
英语句子的基本结构 英语句子由主语、谓语动词、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语、状语等成分构成。 主语：Subject=S.,表示句子所说的是什么人或事物。 由名词n.、代词pron.或相当于名词、代词的短语来充当。 谓语：Predicate,说明主语做什么、是什么或怎么样。 由动词Verb=V.来充当。谓语和主语在人称和数方面必须保持一致。 宾语：Object=O.,表示动作、行为的对象。及物动词Vt.后可以接双宾语 （即：间接宾语Indirect Object=Oi.; 直接宾语Direct Object=Od.）。 由名词n.、代词pron.或相当于名词代词的短语来充当。 表语：Predicative=P.,说明主语是什么或者怎么样。 由名词n.、形容词adj.、代词pron.或相当于名词、形容词的短语来充当，和连系动词v.一起构成谓语。 补语：Object Complement=Oc.,放在某些及物动词Vt.的宾语O.后面，补充说明宾语的特征， 宾语和补语一起构成复合宾语。 根据谓语动词与其他成分的不同搭配，我们可以将英语句子归纳为以下五种基本句型 （祈使句除外） 1. 主语+不及物动词 S+Vi. Example: The teacher left yesterday. 2. 主语+及物动词+宾语 S+Vt+O. Example: He teaches English. 3. 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 S+Vt+Oi+Od Example: He teaches us English 或主语+及物动词+直接宾语+for/to+间接宾语 S+Vt +Od+for/to+ Oi He teaches English to us. 4. 主语+连系动词+表语 S+V+P Example: It is fine today. 5. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 S+Vt+O+Oc Example:
句子成分和句子结构讲解有答案精品
【关键字】英语、情况、条件、会议、计划、主动、继续、健康、持续、保持、需要、方式、作用、结构、分析、衔接、引导、关心、主动性 句子成分 一．主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。 1.请找出下列句子的主语并指出什么（词，短语或句子）可以充当主语。 The sun rises in the east. （名词） He likes dancing. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词） To see is to believe. （不定式） What he needs is a book. （主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语） 常见错误分析 2：动词及其短语在作句子的主语时，只能使用其to do 或doing 的形式。其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作，-ing 强调经常发生的动作。 改错：1.play computer games does no good to us. 2.Have a walk in the street is her hobby. 3.Go home at once is his decision 4.Make more friends will do good to us. 5.I’m like computer very much. 6.The story was happening the year before last. 二．宾语： 1．动作的承受者-----动宾 请找出下列句子的宾语并指出什么可以充当宾语。 I like China. （名词） He hates you. （代词） How many do you need? We need two. （数词） I enjoy working with you. （动名词） I hope to see you again. （不定式） Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句） 2．介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾 Are you afraid of the snake/me/fighting? 3．双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物） He gave me a book yesterday. 常见错误分析 1：介词后跟宾语时，必须为：名词、代词、ing 或wh型的连接词引导的从句。 改错：①I am fond of play basketball. ②He’s cra zy about read story books. ③I am sorry for late. ④I felt terribly sad for absent from class. 2：动词及其短语在作句子的主语或宾语时，只能使用其to do 或doing 的形式。其中不定式强调具体的某一次的动作，-ing 强调经常发生的
英语句子的五种基本结构
英语句子的五种基本结构 The red sun rises in the east. This kind of paper tears easily. A tiger had got out.
该句式中的谓语动词为不及物动词（vi.=intransitive verb）,所以不能接宾语或补语，也没有被动语态，但可以接修饰成分，修饰主语的的---定语，修饰谓语的---状语。主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。 练习一画出下列句子的成分。 1. In the last ten years great changes have taken place in my hometown. 2. The girls came, dancing and laughing. 3. At the meeting lots of problems concerning fund came up. 4. In front of the house grows a tall tress with thick leaves and branches. 5. It never occurred to me that he would come to help me. 练习二翻译句子。 1. 我的英语水平提高了很多。 2. 昨晚，那座桥上发生了一起交通事故。 3. 一些孩子正在操场上高兴的玩耍。 4. 会议将在什么时候举行 5. 有多少国家要参加奥运会 二、主谓宾结构 They laughed at the blind man. = The blind man was laughed at by them. They carried out the plan successfully. = The plan was carried out successfully by them. The nurse will take good care of your father. = Your father will be taken good care of by the nurse. 练习一画出下列句子的成分。 1. She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage. 2. I wondered whether to accept or refuse the offer. 3. I suggest that you listen to English programs as often as possible. 4. I appreciate your coming to our party. 5. Now the government pays more attention to the problem of education. 练习二翻译句子。 1. 我喜欢做网页。 2. 他们还未被告知什么时候出发。 3. 我盼望收到你的来信。 4. 我疑惑他为什么要放弃那样的一个好机会。 5. 我没有看到他的工作情况,无法评论他的能力。 三、主谓宾宾结构 They offer us free textbooks. We were offered free textbooks. Free textbooks were offered to us. 练习一分析句子的成分，并用to/for 进行句型转换。 1. I passed him the salt. 2. She cooked us a delicious meal. 3. The new machine will save a lot of labour. 4. She sang a folk song. 5. Her wonderful performance won her a good reputation. 练习二用主谓宾宾结翻译句子。
句子成分和句子结构
句子成分 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语.谓语.表语.宾语.宾语补足语.定语.状语等。顺序一般是主语，谓语.宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词.代词.数词.不定式等充当。 He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。 一般可分为两类： 1)简单谓语: 由动词(或短语动词)构成。可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 We study for the people.我们为人民学习。 My sister is a nurse.我姐姐是护士。 2)复合谓语：情态动词＋动词 I can speak a little English.我可以说一点英语。 3、宾语 宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等。 We like English.我们喜欢英语。 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语，往往一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink.他给了我一点墨水。 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语，意思才完整，宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如： We make him our monitor.我们选他当班长。 4、表语 表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词的-ing、从句来充当，它常位于连系动词（be, become, appear, seem 等）之后。 Africa is a big continent.非洲是个大洲。 I feel much better today.我今天感觉好多了。 5、定语 在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。 用作定语的主要是形容词，代词，数词，名词，副词，动词不定式，介词短语等。形容词，代词，数词，名词等作定语时，通常放在被修饰的词前面。 He is a new student.他是个新生。 但副词，动词不定式，介词短语等作定语时，则放在被修饰的词之后。 The bike in the room is mine.房间里的自行车是我的。 6、状语 修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句的句子成分，叫做状语。用作状语的通常是副词，介词短语，不定式和从句等。状语一般放在被修饰的词之后或放在句尾。副词作状语时可放在被修饰的词前或句首。 My parents often tell us about their bitter life in the past．我父母经常给我们讲他们过去的苦难
英语五大基本句型结构介绍
句子的基本句型 由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等句子成分，按不同方式可组合成五种基本句型。 句子成分的表示方法： S: Subject主语； V: Verb动词； O: Object宾语； P: Predicative表语； IO: Indirect Object间接宾语； DO：Direct Object 直接宾语
OC: Object Complement宾语补足语； ◇第一种句型：主语+不及物动词(S+V) 该句型所用动词都是不及物动词，其后当然不能接宾语，但是可以用状语修饰谓语动词或整个句子。 He runs fast in the street. 他在街上跑得飞快。 The meeting begins at nine. 会议九点开始。 ◇第二种句型：主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+DO) 该句型所用动词都是及物动词，可作宾语的有名词、代词、不定式、动名词或短语及从句。 We attended the meeting. 我们出席了那次会议。(名词作宾语) She stopped him. 她叫住了他。(代词作宾语) She wants to ask a question. 她要问一个问题。(不定式作宾语) They enjoy listening to the classic music. 他们喜欢听古典音乐。(动名词作宾语) 注意：一些不及物动词之后加上介词就可以具有及物动词的功能，其后就可以接宾语了。 这一类词组有：listen to 听；look at 看；look after 照看；look for 寻找；arrive at/in 到达等。 May I turn on the light? 我可以开灯吗? What are you looking for? 你在找什么? ◇第三种句型：主语+连系动词+表语(S+V+P) 连系动词的后面必须接表语，说明主语的情况和状态。通常可作表语的是名词或形容词。 She became a lawyer last year. 去年，她成为了一名律师。 He is honest. 他是诚实的。 It is getting colder and colder. 天气渐渐冷了。 It tastes delicious. 这好吃极了。 下列动词也作连系动词使用：look 看起来；smell 闻起来；sound 听起来；taste 尝起来；feel 感觉；keep 保持；grow/go/get/turn变得。 ◇第四种句型：主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+IO+DO) (1)宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象，但某些动词，除直接宾语外，还要求一个间接宾语，以表示该动词所表示的动作所及的人或物，通常由名词或代词的宾格担任。 She gave me a ticket for that film. 她给了我一张那部电影的票。
句子成分分析(学生版)
——句子成分的分析 the book on the desk (课桌上的那本书) 介词短语在这里是作定语修饰book，课桌上（on the desk）上的那本书，不是房间里的、凳子上的等等. 那么经常作定语的有哪些呢主要有：形容词、介词短语、冠词、代词（比如：his book 中his 是来作定语来修饰book的）数词。其中，形容词、介词短语作定语最常见，而且要注意其位置，形容词作定语一般在修饰词之前（前置定语），介词短语一般在修饰词之后（后置定语），你可以参见上面的例句。 现在来试试身手，请找出下面各句中所有的定语，并指出是由什么充当的定语。 1、The little boy needs a blue pen.小男孩需要一支蓝色的钢笔。 2、Two boys need two pens.两个男孩需要两支钢笔。 3、 His boy needs Tom's pen.他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。 4、There are two boys of Toms there.那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。 5、The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。 6、The boy in blue is Tom.穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。 7、There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。 到此为止，我们把绝大部分句子成分已经侃完（只剩下一个句子成分-----同位语，没介绍，感兴趣的同学可查阅有关资料），下面我们主要侃一侃在句子分析实践过程中我们可能常遇到的疑难问题。 1）是状语还是定语区别是定语还是状语关键是看修饰什么词的，一般来讲，定语是来修饰名词或代词的，状语是来修饰谓语动词的。例如； I like the book on the desk . 你说这里的划线部分on the desk 是作定语的还是作状语的呢显然，是作定语的，因为如果是作状语的，那么就是来修饰动词like的，他在课桌上喜欢那本书，显然讲不通。也就是说到底是定语还是状语一是根据它修饰的词二是根据句子意思看能否讲的通。
英语句子的五种基本结构-参考模板
一、主谓结构 The red sun rises in the east. This kind of paper tears easily. A tiger had got out. 该句式中的谓语动词为不及物动词（vi.=intransitive verb）,所以不能接宾语或补语，也没有被动语态，但可以接修饰成分，修饰主语的的---定语，修饰谓语的---状语。主谓结构常用来表示主语的动作或状态。 练习一画出下列句子的成分。 1. In the last ten years great changes have taken place in my hometown. 2. The girls came, dancing and laughing. 3. At the meeting lots of problems concerning fund came up. 4. In front of the house grows a tall tress with thick leaves and branches. 5. It never occurred to me that he would come to help me. 练习二翻译句子。 1. 我的英语水平提高了很多。 2. 昨晚，那座桥上发生了一起交通事故。 3. 一些孩子正在操场上高兴的玩耍。 4. 会议将在什么时候举行？ 5. 有多少国家要参加奥运会？ 二、主谓宾结构 They laughed at the blind man. = The blind man was laughed at by them. They carried out the plan successfully. = The plan was carried out successfully by them. The nurse will take good care of your father. = Your father will be taken good care of by the nurse. 练习一画出下列句子的成分。 1. She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage. 2. I wondered whether to accept or refuse the offer. 3. I suggest that you listen to English programs as often as possible. 4. I appreciate your coming to our party. 5. Now the government pays more attention to the problem of education. 练习二翻译句子。 1. 我喜欢做网页。 2. 他们还未被告知什么时候出发。 3. 我盼望收到你的来信。 4. 我疑惑他为什么要放弃那样的一个好机会。 5. 我没有看到他的工作情况,无法评论他的能力。 三、主谓宾宾结构 They offer us free textbooks. We were offered free textbooks. Free textbooks were offered to us. 练习一分析句子的成分，并用to/for 进行句型转换。