doing做状语
Unit 5 Grammar ：Revising the –ing form.
?学习目标：
(1) 动词-ing形式作状语可表示：时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等。
(2) 动词-ing形式的完成式：
主动：Having + p.p. …, 主语+ 谓语
被动：(Having been) + p.p. …, 主语+ 谓语
【重点难点】灵活应用V-ing作状语
一.第一关：判断Ving 在句中的成分
1.The child ran out of the room, laughing and talking.
2.Seeing nobody at home, Linda decided to leave them a note.
3.If having more time, we can do it better.
4.Though living near her house,I seldom see her .
5.The child fell, striking his head.
分词作状语表示时间、_____\______\____\______\______，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语______，Ving表示的动作与主语之间含有逻辑上的_____关系。
第二关：把V-ing改成状语从句做状语
https://www.360docs.net/doc/146287619.html,ing out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting.
2.Waking up in the middle of the might, She saw her room was as bright as day.
3. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa ____ ______TV.)
4. Though having little money, he always helped the poor.
(=_____ ____ ________little money, he always helped the poor.
5.Being too fat, he couldn’t join the army.
6.Having more time, I will do the work much better.
归纳：V-ing做状语，其前往往可以加-------------------------------------等连词，构成“连词+V-ing”结构。
第三关：把状语从句改成V-ing做状语
1.When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend.
= ，I came across an old friend.
2.As he was ill, he didn’t go to school.
= ，he didn’t go to school.
3. If you use your head, you'll have a good idea.
= , you'll have a good idea.
4.Though he worked very hard, he didn't feel a bit tired.
= , he didn't feel a bit tired.
5 Her husband died ten years ago and left her with three children to look after
= Her husband died ten years ago,
6．He came in the classroom and sang a song.
= He came in the classroom,
第四关：把状语从句改成分词做状语
1.Because I had finished my homework, I went to bed.
2. Because he had smoked too much, he suffered from lung cancer.
3. After she had finished her work, she went home.
4. As we have invited him here to speak, we’d better go to his lecture.
5Though I have been told many times, I still make the same mistake again.
6 After he had been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.
第五关：归纳：非谓语动词的否定形式是
1. _________(not know ) her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.
2____________ (not receive ) his reply, I decided to write a letter again.
3__________ (not know)how to find the subway, I asked a policeman for help
4、As the child had never seen a rainbow before,he was very excited.
第六关:Time________ (permit), I will pay a visit to the whole city.
(=If ___ ___, I will pay a visit to the whole city.
She -----------（be）ill, her mother had to look after her at home.
=Because ------------- ----------,her mother had to look after her at home.
The meeting -----------（be）over, we went to play football.
= When -------- -----------,we went to play football
Both hands ______(tie),the thief came to the police station.
So many people______(help)him, he is sure to succeed.
归纳总结：V-ing的逻辑主语与句子主语不一致时，可把逻辑主语--------------，构成-------------------结构。
有些固定用-ing短语作独立成分：
Judging from/by, Generally speaking, Speaking of, Talking of, Frankly speaking, Considering that, Supposing that, Seeing
归纳与总结：
with的复合结构和独立主格结构
1. with+宾语+形容词。比如：. The boy wore a shirt with the neck open, showing his bare chest. 那男孩儿穿着一件衬衫，颈部敞开，露出光光的胸膛。Don’t talk with your mouth full. 嘴里有食物时不要讲话。 2. with+宾语+副词。比如：She followed the guide with her head down. 她低着头，跟在导游之后。 What a lonely world it will be with you away. 你不在，多没劲儿呀！ 3. with+宾语+过去分词。比如：He was listening to the music with his eyes half closed. 他眼睛半闭着听音乐。She sat with her head bent. 她低着头坐着。 4. with+宾语+现在分词。比如：With winter coming, it’s time to buy warm clothes. 冬天到了，该买些保暖的衣服了。 He soon fell asleep with the light still burning. 他很快就睡着了，（可）灯还亮着。 5. with+宾语+介词短语。比如：He was asleep with his head on his arms. 他的头枕在臂膀上睡着了。 The young lady came in, with her two- year-old son in her arms. 那位年轻的女士进来了，怀里抱着两岁的孩子。 6. with+宾语+动词不定式。比如： With nothing to do in the afternoon, I went to see a film. 下午无事可做，我就去看了场电影。Sorry, I can’t go out with all these dishes to wash. 很抱歉，有这么多盘子要洗，我不能出去。 7. with+宾语+名词。比如： He died with his daughter yet a school-girl.他去逝时，女儿还是个小学生。 He lived a luxurious life, with his old father a beggar . 他过着奢侈的生活，而他的老父亲却沿街乞讨。(8)With so much work to do ,I can't go swimming with you. (9)She stood at the door,with her back towards us. (10)He entered the room,with his nose red with cold. with复合结构与分词做状语有啥区别 [ 标签：with, 复合结构, 分词状语] Ciro Ferrara 2009-10-18 16:17 主要是分词形式与主语的关系 满意答案好评率：100%
With的用法全解
With的用法全解 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词 +动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词 +分词。 下面分别举例： 1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语）
2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。） The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语） Without anything left in the with结构是许多英 语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 二、with结构的用法 with是介词，其意义颇多，一时难掌握。为帮助大家理清头绪，以教材中的句子为例，进行分类，并配以简单的解释。在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 1.带着，牵着…… (表动作特征)。如： Run with the kite like this.
非谓语动词doing和done做状语的用法技巧
高中英语秋季班（教师版）
一、用动词的适当形式填空： 非谓语动词作状语大多相当于一个状语从句 A.作时间状语： eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. = _______________, they couldn’t help crying. ②When/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look. While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer. ③_______ (finish) his work, he went home. =_____________, he went home. B.作原因状语： Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad. =____________, he could not afford to travel abroad. ________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder. _______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post. ________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away. _____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her. ②______ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost. _________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up. =_____________. C.方式/伴随状语; Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh). ②The teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students. D.作条件状语： Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better. =______________ , I would have done the job far better. ②(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time. E.作结果状语：(意料中的结果) Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves. ②The bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay. 区别: 不定式表示意外的结果 eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left. F.作让步状语： Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon. = _____________, it cleared up very soon. ②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy. 分词作状语时, 需注意事项: A.分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语通常应是________ : ____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful. 知识点讲解
with的用法大全
with的用法大全----四级专项训练with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、 with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词; 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词; 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语; 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式; 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例：
1、 She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.(with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语) 2、 With the meal over ， we all went home.(with+名词+副词，作时间状语) 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。) The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语) He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代词 +不定式，作条件状语) 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语) 6、Without anything left in the cupboard， she went out to get something to eat.(without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语) 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件(详见上述例句)。
with 复合结构的常见形式及句法功能
with 复合结构的常见形式及句法功能 1with 复合结构的常见形式 1、with + 名词(或代词) + 现在分词 此时，现在分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的主谓关系。 With prices going up so fast, we can't afford luxuries. 由于物价上涨很快，我们买不起高档商品。（原因状语） With the crowds cheering, they drove to the palace. 在人群的欢呼声中，他们驱车来到皇宫。（伴随状语） 2、with + 名词(或代词) + 过去分词 此时，过去分词和前面的名词或代词是逻辑上的动宾关系。 I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling. 我在房间坐了一会儿，眼睛盯着天花板。（伴随状语） She had to walk home with her bike stolen. 自行车被偷，她只好步行回家。（原因状语） 3、with + 名词(或代词) + 形容词 I like to sleep with the windows open. 我喜欢把窗户开着睡觉。（伴随状语） With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it'll rain presently. 大气这样闷，十之八九要下雨。（原因状语） 4、with + 名词(或代词) + 介词短语 With the children at school, we can't take our vacation when we want to. 由于孩子们在上学，所以当我们想度假时而不能去度假。（原因状语）
doing做状语
Unit 5 Grammar ：Revising the –ing form. ?学习目标： (1) 动词-ing形式作状语可表示：时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等。 (2) 动词-ing形式的完成式： 主动：Having + p.p. …, 主语+ 谓语 被动：(Having been) + p.p. …, 主语+ 谓语 【重点难点】灵活应用V-ing作状语 一.第一关：判断Ving 在句中的成分 1.The child ran out of the room, laughing and talking. 2.Seeing nobody at home, Linda decided to leave them a note. 3.If having more time, we can do it better. 4.Though living near her house,I seldom see her . 5.The child fell, striking his head. 分词作状语表示时间、_____\______\____\______\______，其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语______，Ving表示的动作与主语之间含有逻辑上的_____关系。 第二关：把V-ing改成状语从句做状语 https://www.360docs.net/doc/146287619.html,ing out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting. 2.Waking up in the middle of the might, She saw her room was as bright as day. 3. He sat on the sofa, watching TV.(=He sat on the sofa ____ ______TV.) 4. Though having little money, he always helped the poor. (=_____ ____ ________little money, he always helped the poor. 5.Being too fat, he couldn’t join the army. 6.Having more time, I will do the work much better. 归纳：V-ing做状语，其前往往可以加-------------------------------------等连词，构成“连词+V-ing”结构。 第三关：把状语从句改成V-ing做状语 1.When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend. = ，I came across an old friend. 2.As he was ill, he didn’t go to school. = ，he didn’t go to school. 3. If you use your head, you'll have a good idea. = , you'll have a good idea. 4.Though he worked very hard, he didn't feel a bit tired.
with_作伴随状语
As 与with 引导伴随状语 as 与with 都可以构成结构来表示伴随状语，as 在此结构中是一个连词，而with 是一个介词，因此构成不同的结构来表示伴随状语： 区别：结构不同！with 引导的不是句子而是短语 As＋主语＋谓语动词，主句 With ＋名词、代词＋介词、形容词，副词，分词，不定式 随着产量增长20％，....... As the production increased by 20 percent, we have had another good harvest year. With the production up by 20 percent, we have had another good harvest year. He enjoys listening to music with his eyes closed. 他喜欢闭着眼睛听音乐。 He came out of the room with his eyes shining. 他走出房间，眼里闪着亮光。 Don't speak with your mouth full. 嘴里吃东西时不要讲话。 Mother looked at me with tears in her eyes. 母亲含泪看着我。 with独立结构的位置可前可后，如： With a lot of work to do,he felt even busier. 有大量工作要做，他感到更忙了。 With a lot of work done,he felt he would have a good rest. 做完了工作，他感到他要好好休息一下。 练习： 1.with ＋名词（代词）＋介词短语 他手托下巴chin，坐在那儿沉思。 He sat there thinking, with 那位老人背倚着墙站在那里。 2.with ＋名词（代词）＋形容词 He stared at his friend 他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。 The man raised his head 这人抬起头来，眼里充满了好奇 3.with ＋名词（代词）＋现在分词 She stood there chatting with her friend, with她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。With , I feel very obliged to you． 无论我什么时候遇到困难你总是帮助我，真是太感激你了。 4.with ＋名词（代词）＋过去分词 The goalkeeper left Japan with….这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。 5.with ＋名词（代词）＋不定式 With……, you’d better hurry． 还有十分钟，你最好快一点。 With….., our group is sure to succeed． 有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。 随着社会的发展 随着经济技术的发展progress 随着时间的流逝pass by /go by/elapse/pass 随着时间的推移go on
with结构做宾补用法
With 结构（with+宾语+宾补）宾补可以是：过去分词，现在分词，不定式，副词，adj.，介词短语 可以做定语，伴随状语，原因状语，结果状语等等。 1. 1) With his key lost, he couldn’t get into his house.(钥匙丢了, 他进不了家门. ) 2) With his hair cut, Father looks much younger. (理了发,父亲看上去年轻多了.) 3) He sat there with his eyes closed. (他闭目坐在那儿。) 4) All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. (整个下午他都锁着门在房里工作。) 5) The meeting ended with all the problems settled. (问题解决了,会散了.) 2. 1) With the teacher standing beside, the girl felt a bit uneasy. (老师站在一旁,女孩子感到有点不自在.) 2) She was chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her． (她在跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。) 3) He felt uneasy with the whole class staring at him. (他感到很不安，因为所有的同学都盯着他。) 4) The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes looking into the sky. (小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着天空。) 5) With night coming on, we started for home. 夜幕降临，我们动身回家。 6) I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. (因为妈妈有病，我无法去度假。) 7) He fell asleep with the lamp burning. (他没熄灯就睡着了。) 3.1) I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. (要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。) 2) With so many people to help us, we are sure to finish the work in time.
动名词做状语
教师评价： Failure is the mother of success. - · 失败乃成功之母。 必修四unit4动名词做状语 【Teaching aim 】:learn v.-ing forms used as adverbial 【Teaching important point 】: learn v.-ing forms as adverbial 【Teaching difficult point 】 : how to use v.-ing forms as adverbial 【自学导引】 一、 动名词的形式 二、功能及用法（做状语） -ing 分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 1.-ing 分词短语作时间状语，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时可由连词when, while 引出。如： 1).While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书，一边不时地点头。 2).Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，他想起了她的童年。 2.-ing 分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： 1).Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书送给他。 2).Being poor, he didn’t go to school until eight .因为家里穷，他直到八岁才上学。 3).Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动，那晚我们许多人都没睡着。 3.-ing 分词短语作结果状语。如： 1).His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。 2).She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces. 她非常生气，把玩具扔在地上，把它摔成了碎片。 4.-ing 分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如： 1).They stood there for half an hour, watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时，观察着天上的星星。 2).Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. 年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来。 5.-ing 分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个状语从句。如： Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。 注: -ing 分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语。 6. “with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing 分词”结构在句中作状语，表示伴随情况或时间、原因等。如： 1).His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移，他的头发变花白了。 2).Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意，他从窗户溜了出去。 注意： 1.-ing 形式的完成式作状语时，表明其与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾或者主谓关系，且先于谓语动词发生。如: 1).Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 2).Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。
分词作状语用法
For personal use only in study and research; not for commercial use 分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。 分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。 一、现在分词作状语 一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。 Studying at the hometown, I enjoyed the happiest time during my life. Being ill, she can't go to work today. The children ran out of the room, laughing and jumping. 1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 二、现在分词的时态语态 1. 现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。 例如：The students standing there are from Class Three. The English novel being translated by the editor now will be completed in October. 2. 现在分词的完成式由“having +动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having +been+动词过去分词”。 例如：Having finished all the work, they had a good rest. Having been given the right answer, the teacher asked me to sit down. Given more time, we will finish the work in time. 3. 现在分词的否定式为“not +动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not + having +动词过去分词”。 例如：Not knowing what to do, he sat there crying. Not being noticed by the public, the young writer felt a little pity. 1. _______ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered 2. Finding her car stolen, _______. A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help 二、过去分词作状语 过去分词只有一种形式，即done，表被动。 The mother came in, followed by her son. When heated，water will be turned into steam. Deeply moved by the film, we all cried. Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling. 1．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of most of the city. A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. See 2. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.
(完整版)with的复合结构用法及练习
with复合结构 一. with复合结构的常见形式 1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。 The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. 那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。 2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。 With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。 3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。 The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。 4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。 He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。 5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。 With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。 6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。 He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。 7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。 So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。 二. with复合结构的句法功能 1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语） The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语） 2. with 复合结构可以作定语 Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。 【高考链接】 1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（04北京） A. With B. Besides C. As for D. Because of 【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。 2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建) A. for B. with C. from D.of 【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。 3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET) A. As B.For C. With D.Through 【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。
非谓语doing
非谓语Doing 1.引入： 回顾什么叫非谓语，即非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（一副主谓）,又没有连词（并列连词和从属连词）的情况下,还有别的动词出现时，这个动词就要使用非谓语动词形式。 Iloveyou. Iloveyou but youdontloveme. Ilovetheboy who doesn'tloveme. Cherryenjoys sing.??? 2.非谓语动词形式todo表未作的事情，表目的 Doing表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生) Done被动 Eg.Cherryenjoys singing(暗含经常发生) Eg.IsawXXsittingthere.(表正在进行) 1.分解doing：Doing表正在进行或客观规律(经常发生) 2.Doing的时态和语态 动名词的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，通常要用完成式，否则都用一般式。如：Weareinterestedinplayingchess. Hewaspraisedforhavingfinishedtheworkaheadoftime. I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise. 及物动词不及物动词 主动被动主动 一般时doing beingdone doing 完成时havingdone havingbeendone havingdone 1.分词的时态 1、与主语动词同时。如： Arrivingthere,theyfoundtheboydead.刚一到那儿，他们就发现那男孩死了。 Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,______alongspeechforthepresident. AtoprepareBpreparingCpreparedDwaspreparing 答案：B 2、先于主语动词 分词作时间状语，如果先于主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用havingdone。如： Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentoutforawalk. Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewentoutforawalk. 做完作业，他出去散步。 ______areply,hedecidedtowriteagain. ANotreceivingBReceivingnot CNothavingreceivedDHavingnotreceived 答案：C 2.分词的语态 1、通常情况下，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。如：
With复合结构的用法小结
With复合结构的用法小结 with结构是许多英语复合结构中最常用的一种。学好它对学好复合宾语结构、不定式复合结构、动名词复合结构和独立主格结构均能起很重要的作用。本文就此的构成、特点及用法等作一较全面阐述，以帮助同学们掌握这一重要的语法知识。 一、with结构的构成 它是由介词with或without+复合结构构成，复合结构作介词with或without的复合宾语，复合宾语中第一部分宾语由名词或代词充当，第二 部分补足语由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当，分词可以是现在分词，也可以是过去分词。With结构构成方式如下： 1. with或without-名词/代词+形容词； 2. with或without-名词/代词+副词； 3. with或without-名词/代词+介词短语； 4. with或without-名词/代词+动词不定式； 5. with或without-名词/代词+分词。 下面分别举例： 1、She came into the room，with her nose red because of cold.（with+名词+形容词，作伴随状语） 2、With the meal over ，we all went home.（with+名词+副词，作时间状语） 3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。（with+名词+介词短语，作伴随状语。）The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand. 4、He lay in the dark empty house，with not a man ，woman or child to say he was kind to me.（with+名词+不定式，作伴随状语）He could not finish it without me to help him.（without+代词+不定式，作条件状语） 5、She fell asleep with the light burning.（with+名词+现在分词，作伴随状语）Without anything left in the cupboard，shewent out to get something to eat.（without+代词+过去分词，作为原因状语） 二、with结构的用法 在句子中with结构多数充当状语，表示行为方式，伴随情况、时间、原因或条件（详见上述例句）。 With结构在句中也可以作定语。例如： 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs. 2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water. 3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house. 三、with结构的特点 1. with结构由介词with或without+复合结构构成。复合结构中第一部分与第二部分语法上是宾语和宾语补足语关系，而在逻辑上，却具有主谓关系，也就是说，可以用第一部分作主语，第二部分作谓语，构成一个句子。例如：With him taken care of，we felt quite relieved.（欣慰）→（He was taken good care of.）She fell asleep with the light burning. →（The light was burning.）With her hair gone，there could be no use for them. →（Her hair was gone.） 2. 在with结构中，第一部分为人称代词时，则该用宾格代词。例如：He could not finish it without me to help him. 四、几点说明： 1. with结构在句子中的位置：with 结构在句中作状语，表示时间、条件、原因时一般放在