经济术语翻译

经济术语翻译
经济术语翻译

经济术语翻译

最新常用经济术语

国民经济NATIONAL ECONOMY,

中国化chinization

对外经济贸易FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE

经济指标economic indicators

社会总产值total product of society

国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product)

国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product)

人均国内生产总值GDP per capita

工农业总产值gross output value of

industry and agriculture

国民收入national income

购买力平价法purchasing power parity ( the fact of the units of money of two different countries being equal

财政收入state revenue

社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales

社会零售物价总指数general retail price index

百分点percentage points

"八五"计划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development

计划经济planned economy

统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing

市场经济market economy

指令性计划mandatory plan

指导性计划guidance plan

市场调节market regulation

建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government

抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology

实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化" optimize industrial structure, ecological environment and the quality of population

第一、二、三产业primary, secondary and tertiary industries

外向型经济export-oriented economy

创汇型企业foreign exchange-earning enterprise

劳动密集型labor intensive

技术、智力、资本密集型technology, knowledge or capital intensive

高附加值的深加工down-stream processing with high added-value

优化资源配置optimize allocation of

resources

生产力productive forces

生产资料capital goods

科研成果产业化industrialization of research findings

火炬计划Torch Plan

技术入股technology appraised as capital stock

风险投资venture investment/capital

固定资产投资investment in fixed assets

折旧费depreciation cost

关系民生的产品products vital to the pe ople’s livelihood

供大于求oversupply

供不应求short supply

经济过热overheated economy

抑制炒房地产热stem frenzied and speculative trading in the property market

经济指标economic indicators

社会总产值total product of society

工农业总产值gross output value of industry and agriculture

国民收入national income

生产力productive forces

生产资料capital goods

宏观调控macro-economic control

经济杠杆economic levers

产业政策industrial policy

财政, 税收, 信贷,利率, 汇率public financing, taxation, credit, interest rate, exchange rate

提高经济效益enhance economic performance/returns

社会效益social effect/returns

实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bring about sustained, stable and coordinated development

财政赤字(盈余) budget deficit(surplus)

外贸出口总额gross foreign export value

外商直接投资协议金额contracted foreign direct investment

实际利用外资foreign investment in actual use

三资企业(中外合资合作、外商独资经营) three kinds of enterprises with foreign investment: sino-foreign joint venture, contractual joint venture

允许外商独资经营allow full foreign equity operation

优惠条件favorable terms

减免税收tax reduction and exemption

合作方式approaches to cooperation

出资方式means of contributing investment 合营期限contract term of a joint venture

三来一补(来料加工,来件装配,来样加工) processing and compensation

trades(processing with materials or given samples, assembling supplied components)

贸易伙伴trade partner

转口贸易transit trade

积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验actively introduce capital, technology, competent professionals and managerial expertise form outside

交钥匙工程turn-key project

招标承包制bidding invitation contract system

招标出售技术bids for technology

公开招标call for bid; tenders

招标单invitation for bid (IFB)

标书bidding document

竟标competitive bidding

投标bid for a project

投标报价书bid proposals

评标bid proposal evaluation

开标bid opening

中标win a bid; be awarded a tender

拍卖auction

租赁leasing

保税区bonded area; free trade area

实行全方位开放practice multi-directional opening

统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unified policy, liberalized operation, and equal competition

自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibility for one’s own profits and losses, the integration of industry and foreign trade, and the promotion of agent system

知识产权intellectual property rights

技术转让technology transfer

可行性研究feasibility study

意向书letter of intent

投资环境investment environment

跨国公司transnational corporation

基础设施infrastructure

20年基本实现现代化basically achieve modernization in 20 years

发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serve as a medium for introducing advanced technologies, managerial expertise and qualified professionals from outside.

招商attract investment

招商项目project proposals for investment

同国际惯例接轨follow the international codes of practice; bring … in line with the international usage

加大改革力度intensify reforms

一条龙服务one package service

一支笔审批one-chop approval

我们两市的经济互补性很强。To a great extent, the economies between out two cities are complementary to each other.

平等互利,互通有无equality and mutual benefit, and trading of needed goods

外引内联act as an intermediary for introducing foreign capital and establishing

domestic connections

保持发展后劲bring about a sustainable development; sustain momentum of development

三通一平(水通、电通、路通、施工场地平)"three connections and one leveling" assuring that a construction site is connected to water and electric power supplies and roads, and that the ground is leveled before a project is begun.

瓶颈bottleneck

以工养农use industrial income to finance agriculture

以路养路use tolls to repay investment in road projects

下放审批权delegate the authority to

examine and approve to lower levels

统而不死,活而不乱ensure a flexible control

良性循环positive cycle

国民经济的支柱mainstay of the national economy

格局初步形成Pattern has taken initial shape.

理顺企业的产权关系rationalize the property rights relationships of enterprises

政策性亏损policy-related loss

三角债chain debts

上不封顶,下不保底set no ceiling limit and give no minimum guarantee

企业“工效挂钩” link total payroll with the performance of an enterprise

生意兴隆/冷淡Business is

booming/sluggish

质量信得过单位quality trustworthy organization

批量生产mass production

以销定产limit production to market ability

内联企业inland associated enterprises

菜篮子工程shopping basket project

国产化percentage of home-made parts

配套改革coordinated reforms

配套措施supporting measures

配套工程auxiliary project

国内配套资金domestic funds

向基础工业倾斜的政策policy in favor of basic industry

升级换代upgrading and updating

看好经济增长think highly of economic growth

行情看好Favorable price/market can be expected.

行情看涨/跌anticipate lower market price/rising price

随行就市fluctuate in line with market

conditions

片面追求发展速度seek an unduly high growth rate

在过渡时期in a period of transition

粗放/集约经营extensive/intensive operation

基础地位leading position

门类齐全covering extensive fields

存款/贷款余额the balance of deposits/loans

外汇储备foreign exchange reserves

贸易顺差trade surplus

完善的市场和发达的金融体制well-established market and sophisticated financial system

消灭失业wipe out unemployment

降低过热的期货市场,恢复金融秩序cool down the over-heated future market and restore financial order

紧缩银根tightenthe money supply

一位数水平one digit level

保持双边贸易的平衡balance the two-way trade

这次会议为两国进一步加强持续的经济联系奠定了坚实的基础。This meeting laid a sound foundation for the two countries to reinforce their constant/continuous economic ties.

市场疲软a marketslump

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【摘要】商务合同是商业法人之间为实现一定的经济目的、明确相互权利义务的一种文体。商务合同英语属半法律性语言,用词准确、正式、严谨,具有鲜明文体意义。本文基于典型实例分析,探讨了商务英文合同的词汇特征及翻译方法。 【关键词】商务英文合同词汇特征翻译 商务合同是商品经济的产物,它随着商品经济的产生而产生,也随着商品经济的发展而发展,是商品交换关系在法律上的体现,受到国家法律的承认和保护。在世界经济全球化和一体化的今天,国际商务活动日益频繁,贸易国法人之间为实现一定的经济利益而签订的明确规定了贸易双方的权利和义务,具有法律效力的文件——国际商务合同的重要性也越来越突出。商务合同英语既具有商务英语的特点,同时也具有法律英语的特点。本文拟从庄重正式、准确严谨和简洁明了三个角度阐述分析商务英文合同的词汇特征及其翻译方法。 一、庄重正式 Martin Joos按照语言使用的正式程度提出了英语的五种变体,即庄重文体(frozen style),正式文体(formal style),商议文体(consultative style),随便文体(casual style)和亲密文体(intimate style)。一般认为商务合同英语属庄重文体,即五种变体英语中正式程度最高的一种。商务英文合同的庄重正式的词汇特征体现在专业术语和外来词古体词的使用上。 1.商务专业术语 专业术语(technical term留学生论文网https://www.360docs.net/doc/226035059.html, s)具有鲜明的文体特色。其意义精确、单一、无歧义,且不带有个人感情色彩。为了准确描述商务活动中的各个交易环节以及与此相关的各类单据,商务合同英语文体中使用了大量表意清楚的商务专业术语。例如,policy(保险单),negotiable(可转让的),liability(责任、义务),right of recourse (追索权),factoring(保理)等。这些专业术语可避免冗长的解释,简化交易过程,提高工作效率。 2.法律专业术语 为了准确描述商务活动中交易双方各自的权利与义务,商务合同英语中也使用了较多的法律专业的术语。狭义的法律术语指仅出现在或大多数情况下出现在法律文件中的法律科学的特有术语,此意义上的法律术语在商务合同文体中的数量不多,如:imputed negligence (转嫁的过失责任)特指可向与行为人有利害关系的人或有合同关系的另一方追究责任的过失。商务合同中这类狭义的法律专业术语不以大众是否理解或接受为转移,它是商务合同语言准确表达的保障,是其独有的现象。而广义的法律术语则包括在法律文体中被赋予特定法律意义的常用词语,如action(诉讼),party(当事人),financial responsibility(经济责任,指违约责任,具体可指“赔偿损失”、“支付违约金”和“支付迟延支付金额的利息”)。这类词语把握不准确的话很容易导致翻译和理解当中的模糊性,因此要格外留意。如,“The contract is concluded in case of acceptance of the offer.”很容易译为“提议一旦接受,合同随即订立。”而实际上,“acceptance”与“offer”是合同法中两个重要的法律术语,其规范的译文分别为“承诺”、“要约”,前者是指受要约人对要约内容表同意,而后者则指一方希望与另一方订立合同。 3.外来词和古体词 商务合同英语中使用的商务类专业术语有不少源于拉丁语或法语,有些则是由其词根派生或合成,许多术语都有相同的前缀或后缀。它们的意义比较稳定,利于精确地表达概念,例如:ad valorem duty (拉丁语)从价(关)税,bona fide holder (拉丁语)汇票的善意持票人,pro rata tax rate比例税率(拉丁语,即proportional tax rate),insurance premium per capita (拉丁语)人均保险费,force majeure(法语)不可抗力,pro forma (拉丁语)估算表。

常用专业术语翻译

1.素质教育:Quality Education 2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业:the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障:a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷:export credit 12. 贷款质量:loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全:the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦:excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度:the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策:pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费:basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系:sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制:the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全:economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设:to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求:the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长:fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库:grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业:grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行:closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场:grain sales market 37. 劣质工程:shoddy engineering

宏观经济学所有的专业词汇英文缩写及其翻译

宏观经济学所有的专业词汇英文缩写及其翻译accounting 会计 accounting cost 会计成本 accounting profit 会计利润 adverse selection 逆向选择 allocation 配置 allocation of resources 资源配置 allocative efficiency 配置效率 antitrust legislation 反托拉斯法 arc elasticity 弧弹性 Arrow's impossibility theorem 阿罗不可能定理Assumption 假设 asymetric information 非对称性信息 average 平均 average cost 平均成本 average cost pricing 平均成本定价法 average fixed cost 平均固定成本 average product of capital 资本平均产量average product of labour 劳动平均产量average revenue 平均收益 average total cost 平均总成本 average variable cost 平均可变成本

B barriers to entry 进入壁垒 base year 基年 bilateral monopoly 双边垄断 benefit 收益 black market 黑市 bliss point 极乐点 boundary point 边界点 break even point 收支相抵点 budget 预算 budget constraint 预算约束 budget line 预算线 budget set 预算集 C capital 资本 capital stock 资本存量 capital output ratio 资本产出比率 capitalism 资本主义 cardinal utility theory 基数效用论 cartel 卡特尔 ceteris puribus assumption “其他条件不变”的假设

经济术语翻译

最新常用经济术语 国民经济NATIONAL ECONOMY, 中国化chinization 对外经济贸易FOREIGN ECONOMIC RELATIONS AND TRADE 经济指标economic indicators 社会总产值total product of society 国民生产总值GNP (Gross National Product) 国内生产总值GDP (Gross Domestic Product) 人均国内生产总值GDP per capita 工农业总产值gross output value of

industry and agriculture 国民收入national income 购买力平价法purchasing power parity ( the fact of the units of money of two different countries being equal 财政收入state revenue 社会商品零售总额total volume of retail sales 社会零售物价总指数general retail price index 百分点percentage points "八五"计划the 8th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development 计划经济planned economy

统购统销state monopoly over purchase and marketing 市场经济market economy 指令性计划mandatory plan 指导性计划guidance plan 市场调节market regulation 建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制" establish operational mechanisms of market economy, rule by law, democratic supervision and incorruptible government 抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础" stress priorities over agriculture, transportation and energy supply, education and science and technology

政治经济活动英文词汇

政治经济活动 遵纪守法to observe discipline and abide by the low 走共同致富的道路to take the road to common prosperity 自留地individual farm plots=private plots of land 自负盈亏to be responsible for one’s own profit and loss 专业户specialized household 抓住经济建设这个中心to commit ourselves to the central task of ecoomic development 重复建设to build redundant project=duplication of similar projects 重点扶贫县designated poverty-stricken countries 中央the central government 治理整顿to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order 治理三乱to put a stops=eliminate indiscriminate fines,charges and levies 支农惠农政策policies to support and benefit agriculture,rural areas and farmers 政企分开to separate government functions from enterprise management 宰人rip-off 跃上新台阶to reach a new high

商务英语翻译词汇整理

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中国英语中的经济词汇

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社会政治与经济常用词汇

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