中考英语从句的讲解和例子

中考英语从句的讲解和例子

英语从句分为名词性从句,形容词性从句(定语从句),以及状语从句。例如结果状语从句:He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。

从句体系包括:

名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句)、定语从句、状语从句

分类:

从句不能单独成句,但它也有主语部分和谓语部分,是一个特殊句子,就像一个句子一样。所不同在于,从句须由一个关联词引导。

根据从句语法功能的不同可分为:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。前四类由于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句及同位语从句在句子的功用相当于名词,所以通称名词性从句;

定语从句功能相当于形容词,称为形容词性从句;而状语从句功能相当于副词,称为副词性从句。

状语从句还可以分为条件状语从句、原因状语从句、地点状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、结果状语从句和时间状语从句。

主语从句(Subject Clause)

用作主语的从句叫主语从句。引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。

表语从句(Predicative Clause)

用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词很多都一样。

宾语从句(Object Clause)

在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句.宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。

同位语从句

是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一,从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容,它的作用相当于名词,对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释,相当于一个表语从句,它们之间的关系就是同位关系,即主表关系。

定语从句

是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。

状语从句

时间状语从句(adverbial clause of time)

地点状语从句(adverbial clause of place)

原因状语从句(adverbial clause of cause)

条件状语从句(adverbial clause of condition)

目的状语从句(adverbial clause of purpose)

让步状语从句(adverbial clause of concession)

比较状语从句(adverbial clause of comparison)

方式状语从句(adverbial clause of manner)

结果状语从句(adverbial clause of result)

英语八类状语从句的用法归纳

一、概说

状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。状语从句是高中英语学习中的一个语法重点,也是历年高考重点考查的内容之一。学习状语从句主要应注意引导状语从句的从属连词的用法与区别,以及从属连词在一定的语言环境中的意义与用法。

二、时间状语从句

1. 引导时间状语从句的从属连词很多,常见的有before, after, when, while, as, since, till, until, as soon as 等。

2. 表示“当…时候”的while, when, as 的用法区别是:while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词;表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时,只能用when;当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时,只能用as。另外,用于此义的as 所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词,不能是状态动词。如下面一道高考题的答案是B 而不能是A:

“I’m going to the post office.”“_____ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”

A. As

B. While

C. Because

D. If

3. until 在肯定句中通常只连用延续性动词,表示相应动作结束的时间;在否定句中通常连用非延续性动词,表示相应动作开始的时间,意为“直到…才”。如:

He waited until she was about to leave. 他等着一直到她准备离开。

I did not begin to work till he had gone. 他走了后我才开始工作。

4. 表示“一…就”除用as soon as 外,还可用the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly, no sooner…than, hardly…when 等。如:

I came immediately you called. 你一来电话我就来了。

Hardly had she arrived when it began to snow. 她刚到就下起雪来了。

The moment I have finished I'll give you a call. 我一干完就给你打电话。

5. every time, each time, (the) next time, (the) last time, by the time, the first time, any time 等以time 结尾的词语也可用作连词,引导时间状语从句。如:

Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来,请关门。

He didn’t tell me anything the last time I saw him. 上次我见到他时他什么也没告诉我。

By the time I got home, she had already gone to bed. 我到家时她已睡觉了。

三、条件状语从句

1. 引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if, unless, as [so] long as等。如:

Don’t come unless I telephone. 除非我打电话,否则你别来。

If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔细瞧你会看出该怎样做。

As long as you do your best, we’ll be happy. 只要你尽力,我们就满意了。

2. in case 也可引导条件状语从句,其意为“如果”、“万一”。如:

In case I forget, please remind me about it. 如果我忘了,请提醒我。

四、让步状语从句

1. 引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although, though, however (=no matter how), even if(即使), whether…or(不论…还是)等连词。如:

The speech is good, though it could be better. 这次演讲不错,虽然还可以再好一点。

He went out even though it was raining. 尽管下雨,他还是出去了。

2. as 也可引导让步状语从句,但要将名词、形容词或副词等提到as 前,若提前的是单数可数名词,要省略a / an。如:

Teacher as he is, he can’t know everything. 虽然是老师,他也不可能什么都懂。

3. 连词while 有时也可表示“尽管”、“虽然”,引导让步状语从句。如:

While we don’t agree we continue to be friends. 尽管我们意见不同,我们还是朋友。

4. whatever, whoever, however, whenever, wherever 等引导让步状语从句。如:

Don’t lose heart whatever you do. 不管你做什么,都不要灰心。

Whoever you are, you can’t pass this way. 不管你是谁,你都不能从这里通过。

注:表示“虽然”的though, although 不可与but 连用,但可与yet, still 连用。

五、原因状语从句

1. 引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because, as, since, seeing (that), now (that)等:

They can’t have gone out because the light’s on. 他们不可能出去了,因为灯还亮着。

Since you are going, I will go. 既然你去,我也去。

Now that we are alone, we can speak freely. 现在我们单独在一起,可以随便谈了。

2. 除以上提到的大家比较熟悉的引导原因状语从句的从属连词外,when有时也可引导原因状语从句,其意“既然”。如:

I can’t tell you when you won't listen. 既然你不想听,我就不告诉你了。

3. 有关原因状语从句还应注意以下几点:

(1) as 与since, now that 一样表示双方都知道的原因,通常位于主句前,且均不可用于强调结构被强调。

(2) 当表示直接的因果关系,回答why 时,或有only, just, all, partly, not, but 等副词修饰时,或用在强调结构中都只能用because。

(3) for 有时也可引出表示原因的分句,但它只能位于后面,对前一分句加以解释或推断。

(4) 不要受汉语意思影响将表示“因为”的连词与表示“所以”的so 连用。

六、地点状语从句

引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where (在…的地方), wherever(无论什么地方), everywhere(每个…地方), anywhere(任何…地方)。如:

I’m not living where I was. 我不在原处住了。

You can’t camp where [wherever, anywhere] you like these days. 如今你可不能随便在哪儿宿营。Everywhere I go, I find the same thing. 不管我走到哪里,我都发现同样情况。

2. 有的同学认为地点状语从句在平时见得不多,误认为考试不会涉及,但恰恰相反,地点状语从句却是英语考试经常考查的一个知识点。请看以下考题:

(1) When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.

A. at which

B. at where

C. the place where

D. where

(2) After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. when

(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _____ you can find them again.

A. when

B. where

C. then

D. there

(4) She found her calculator ______ she lost it.

A. where

B. when

C. in which

D. that

以上四题均选where,其意为“在…的地方”,用以引导地点状语从句。

七、目的状语从句

1. 引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有in order that, so that, in case, for fear等。如:

I hired a boat so that I could go fishing. 我租了一条船去钓鱼。

Take your coat in case it rains (should rain). 带着雨衣以防下雨。

He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam. 他努力学习,是为了能通过考试。

2. 引导目的状语从句的so that 有时可省so 或that,即单独用so 或that 来引导目的状语从句。如:Check carefully, so any mistake will be caught. 仔细检查,以便任何错误都可检查出。

Bring it closer that I might see it better. 拿近些,使我能看得清楚些。

八、结果状语从句

引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有so that, so…that, such…that等。如:

He was so angry that he couldn't speak. 他气得话都说不出来。

He shut the window with such force that the glass broke. 他关窗子用力很大,结果玻璃震破了。注:so…that和such…that中的that有时(尤其在口语中)可省略。

初中英语状语从句讲解及典型例题

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人教版中考英语中考英语总复习 状语从句专项讲解及练习

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中考英语复习宾语从句讲解+练习

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人教版中考英语宾语从句用法详解与专项练习(含答案)

宾语从句 用法详解 考试要求: 宾语从句在中考中是重点考查内容,主要考查知识包括宾语从句的引导词、宾语从句的语序及宾语从句时态对应及否定迁移等。 在复合句子中,作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 例如:I want to know whose book this is. 我想知道这是谁的书。 1. 宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句引导词有三种:1、that;2、whether/ if;3、特殊疑问词what/ when/ where/ who等例如:He said that he could help me. 他说他能够帮助我。 Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. 你妈妈问这个星期你能否完成工作。 Can you tell me when the sports meeting will begin? 你能告诉我运动会将在什么时候开始吗? (1) 以that引导的宾语从句: that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。 例如:Do you think (that) it will rain? 你认为天会下雨吗? He said (that) he could come on time. 他说他会准时来的。 (2) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句: 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的,变成从句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。whether和if意为“是否”。 例如:Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 请让我们知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。 I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜欢这个故事。 注意: 以下情况一般只用whether不用if。 (1) 接带to的动词不定式。 例如:She doesn’t know whether to go to the zoo. 她不知道是不是去动物园。 (2)与or not连用时。 例如:I’m not sure whether or not he will come on time. 他能否准时来,我说不准。

中考英语从句总结

中考英语从句总结 一:定语从句:在复合句中,担当定语的成分,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2) You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man 和everything 是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。 关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 关系代词和关系副词: 具体使用时还要注意下列问题:只能使用that,不用which 的情况: 1.先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。例如: All that he said is true. 2.先行词被only, no, any, all,等词修饰时。例如: He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. 3.先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如: He was the second (person) that told me the secret. 4.先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。 This is the best book (that) I have read this year. 5.先行词既包括人又包括物时。例如: He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 二:宾语从句:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句,宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语,也可做介词的 宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语). Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语) 宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词; 主句一般现在时,从句不需受限制; 主句一般过去时,从句须用相应时; 陈述句转化that 引,一般疑问句用if/whether, 特殊问句疑问词,引导词后陈述式。 1.连接词 (1) .陈述句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用that,口语中常常省略。 e.g, She told me (that) she would like to go with us. (2)以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句, 主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句,从句同样是陈述语序eg, I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei . 注意:一般情况下,whether 和if 可以互用, 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if eg, We are talking about whether we'll go on the pinic. b. 引导词与动词不定式或 not 连用时, 只用whether. eg, Please let me know what to do next. Could you tell me whether you go or not? c. if 当如果讲时, 引导的是条件状语从句, 这时不能用whether. (3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时,引导词用特殊疑问词;引导词后要用陈述句语序。 E.g. Could you tell me what's the matter\wrong with you?

初三中考英语状语从句讲解&练习及答案

状语从句 状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词,副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句,地点状语从句,条件状语从句,原因状语从句,结果状语从句,比较状语从句,目的状语从句,让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如: It was raining hard(rain hard 下大雨)when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along(沿着走)the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里,通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如: I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”, 谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如: The young man read till the light went out(熄灭). Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off(从下来)until the bus stops. 【Till是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而在那个时刻之后,该事情或状况仍将持续。Until是指直到某一特定事件发生的时候,而讲话的人在自己心里认为,在那个时刻之后,该事情或该状况将中止(不怎么可能持续)。固定组合里from morning till night,till/until是不能替换的,】 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如: What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t leave the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如: I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句” 在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如: Hurry up, or you’ll be late.=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如: He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not (不得;不应该)go the zoo.

(2021年整理)(完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

(完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习 编辑整理: 尊敬的读者朋友们: 这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望((完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。 本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为(完整)初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习的全部内容。

定语从句的用法和精练 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 (一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物.在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐.(that作主语)The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue。我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2。which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket。位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful。我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人.(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子. Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

中考初中英语状语从句分类及例句

中考初中英语状语从句分类及例句 考试要求: 状语从句概念: 用一个句子(从句)来作另一个句子(主句)的状语,用作状语的句子就叫作状语从句。作什么样的状语就叫什么类型的状语从句。引导状语从句的连接词是从属连词,状语从句可以在句首,也可以在句尾。 中考主要考查状语从句的类型有: 时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句及比较状语从句等。 1. 时间状语从句: 时间状语从句在主句中表示时间,常用连接词有:when(当……时),while(当……时),as(当……时),before(在……之前),after(在……之后),since(自从),not…until(直到……才), as soon as(一……就),once(一旦……就)等。 例如: I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework. 我直到做完作业才去睡觉。 I can listen to the radio while I work. 我可以边听收音机边工作。 (1) 时间状语从句中,一般要用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。例如: I will telephone you when he comes. 他来时,我会给你打电话。 I’ll stay here until you come back. 我会呆在这里,直到你回来。 (2) when引导时间状语从句,表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时或先后发生,从句的谓语可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词。

例如: He was working when I went in. 我进去时他正在工作。 When she heard the news, she began to cry. 她听到这个消息,她哭了起来。 (3) while引导的状语从句中常用延续性动词或表示状态的动词,意思是“在……期间”。 while还可以表示两者之间的对比关系。 They rushed in while we were singing. 我们唱歌时,他们冲进来。 I like playing football, while Tom likes listening to music. 我喜欢踢足球,而汤姆喜欢听音乐。 (4) as引导状语从句,强调同时发生,不分先后。可以译成“随着”或“一边……一边”。 例如:John sings as he walks home. 约翰一边往家走一边唱歌。 (5) since引导状语从句,主句常用现在完成时,从句常用一般过去时。 We have been friends since we met in Beijing. 自从我们在北京遇到就一直是朋友。 It has been six years since she left school. 自从她毕业已经有六年了。 (6) until/ till 引导时间状语从句,当主句的谓语动词是瞬间动词时,主句常用否定形式,not… until意思为“直到……才”。 He didn’t go to bed until he finished his homework. 他直到做完作业才睡觉。 2.地点状语从句:

初三英语定语从句完整归纳讲解及练习

定语从句的用法和精练 一、定语从句的概念 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词后 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 (一)限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语) 2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车

站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语) The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。 Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 (2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 (3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如: The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。 (4)关系词只能用that的情况: a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如: He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗? c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如: This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which. 例如: I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

中考英语各类从句

中考英语各类从句 I.要点 根据从句在句中的句法功能,从句可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。 1、名词性从句 (1)主语从句 What he wants is a piece of paper. It is believed that he can solve the problem. 注:主语从句的谓语动词用单数。 (2)宾语从句 I don't know how to solve the problem. Do you know where he lives? (3)表语从句 The problem is who can help me. This is why I came here. (4)同位语从句 I have no idea where he went. I heard the news that he would come. 同位语从句用that引导,常跟在fact, idea, news, promise, thought, message, hope, belief, doubt等词后,that在从句中不作任何成分。 2、定语从句 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词,或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句,引导定语从句的关系代词有who, whom, whose, which, that, as,和关系副词when, where, why。

(1)that指物时一般可与which互换,但在下列情况下,要用that而不用which。 a. 先行词有all, everything等不定代词时,如, Everything (that) he did is wrong. b. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时,如, I'll read all the books (that) you lend me. c. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时, This is the first letter (that) the boy has written. d. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时,如 He is the very man (that) I'm looking for. e. 只用which的情况 在介词后或在非限定性定语从句中 This is the book about which we have talked a lot. The book, which he gave me yesterday, is very interesting. f. where和when作关系副词 This is the room where I worked. This is the room which I stayed in. I remembered the day when we lived there. I remembered the day that I spent there. g. as和which as 可以放于句首,而which 不可以 As you know, he is good at English. three of them 和three of which

中考英语各类从句及考点

复合句的概念:由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。 宾语从句 一.概念:在句中起到宾语的作用。 二.宾语从句在句中的位置: (1)作动词的宾语: 例:I heard that he joined the army. She did not know what had happened. (2)作形容词的宾语 例:I am afraid that I have made a mistake. (3)作介词的宾语 例:Our success depends on how well we can cooperate with one another. 三.常见考点分析: (一).连接词:1.引导陈述句用tha(t 在口语或非正式文体中常常省略)。 2.引导一般疑问句用if 或whether。 注意:下列几种情况 通常使用whether: (1).在具有选择意义又有or 或or not 时,尤其是直接与or not 连用时,往往用whether; 例:I don't know whether he will come back or not. (2).在介词之后用whether;例:They are talking about whether he will win the game. Everything depends on whether you agree with us. 3.引导特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词。 (二). 语序:尤其要注意,宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序:即主语一定在谓语前面。 尤其要注意whether, if 以及wh-(what, why…)疑问词引导的宾语从句的语序。 例:She wants to know whether I like the film. Do you know why winter is colder than summer? (三). 时态:1.主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中主语不受主句位于时态的影响。例:She says that she will leave a message on his desk. She says that sh has never been to Beijing. 2.当主句谓语动词是过去时态时,从句中的时态一般为表示过去的某种时态(如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时) 例:He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. He said he was going to take care

初中英语2023中考宾语从句专题复习(知识讲解+专项练习)

初中英语宾语从句知识点讲解

二、注意点 (1)否定转移 当主句的主语为第一人称,谓语动词是think,believe,suppose等时,要将宾语从句的否 定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定形式,而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定形式。 I do n’t think he will come with you.我认为他不会和你一起来。 (2)宾语从句的简化 ①当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是 hope,wish,decide,agree,choose等时,从句可简化为不定式结构。 I hope that I can receive your e-mail.=I hope to receive your e-mail.我希望能收到你的电子邮件。 ②当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且主句的谓语动词是 know,remember,forget,learn等时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 She doesn’t know what she should do next.=She doesn’t know what to do next.她不知道下一步该做什么。 ③当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等,且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时,从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 Will you please show me how I can work it out?=Will you please show me how to work it out?请你告诉我怎样把它解出来好吗? ④宾语从句可以简化为名词或名词短语。 I don’t believe what Tom said.=I don’t believe Tom’s words.我不相信汤姆的话。 三、宾语从句解题技巧 1.牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀: 宾语从句需注意,几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时, 从句时态应变相应过; 从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 2.用好排除法 从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考虑,逐个排查选项。

中考英语专项8.定语从句讲解及习题

定语从句讲解及练习 一、定义:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 如:1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 2)You must do everything that I do. 上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词,叫先行词,定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why。关系词常有三个作用:1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1。that 指人,物,在从句中作主语,宾语,表语。 This is the photo that I took in the country. He is the singer that I met yesterday. 2。which 指物,在从句中作主语,宾语,在非限定定语从句中充当定语,或者代替前句The film which we saw last night was moving. 3. who 指人,在从句中作主语,宾语。 The person who visited our classroom yesterday was our new headmaster。 The man who you just talked to is Tom。 4. whom 指人,在从句中作宾语。 That is the professor whom you want to know. 5。whose 指人,物,在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+ ’s,后接一名词. I know the boy whose parents are dead。 I don't like those cities whose roads are dirty。 ※注:关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。 三、关系副词 关系副词在从句中作状语,有时相当于介词+which,其中which指代先行词不可以指示整个句子。 1、when指时间,在从句中作时间状语,相当于at/ on/ in/ during which. I’ll never forget the day when (on which )I reached the top of the Huangshan Mountain. 2、where指地点,在从句中作地点状语,相当于at/ in / to/ which。 This is the school where( at which ) I studied。 3、why指原因,在从句中作原因状语,相当于for which。 That's the real reason why (for which )he was late。 四、关系代词的特殊用法 (一)、关系代词指物时, 用that而不用which的情况: 1 。先行词为something ,anything ,nothing ,everything以及all , much , little , a lot , none ,few 等不定代词时。Eg: My mother was so proud of all that I didt 2 . 先行词有the last ,the very , the only以及all , much , few , no ,any ,little等修饰时.e。g. This is the very book that I’m loo king for . 3 . 先行词为序数词、形容词最高级(或所修饰)时.e。g。This is the most exciting film that I’ve ever seen 。When people talk about Hangzhou ,the first that comes to their mind is the West Lake 。 4 。the same 修饰先行词时,定语从句要用that 或as引导,但意义不

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