动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享
动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法例句总结

定义

(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语

态;

如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party. (不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited 是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up. (不定式作主语)

I wish to be sent to work in the country. (不定式作宾语)

Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired? (不定式作定语)

He went to the hospital to be exam in ed. (不定式作状语)

My work is to clea n the room every day. (不定式作表语)

在There be 结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of). 但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is noth ing to do now.( We have nothi ng to

do no w.) There is nothing to be done no w.(We can do nothing no w.)

形式

1)现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之

后。一般为:动词+ to do sth

He seems to know this.

I hope to see you aga in. = I hope that r II see you aga in. 我希望再见至M尔。

2)完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

rm sorry to have give n you so much trouble.

He seems to have caught a cold.

3)进行式:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eat ing someth ing.

4)完成进行式:

She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.

一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来

疑问词

疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how

语等。如:

①W hen to leave for London has not bee n decided yet.

② Mr. Smith did n't know whether to leave or stay there.

③ I asked Professor Xu how to lear n En glish well.

④The questi on was where to get the medici ne n eeded.

以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的

could lear n ......... 后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表

(不定式在句子中做主语)

(不定式在句子中做宾语)

(不定式在句子中做直接宾语)

(不定式在句子中表语)

从句形式。如:①When we shall leave …③? -how I

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out,forget,hear,k no w,lea 经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:consider,decide,discover,explain,find

rn, observe ,un dersta nd,w on der 等。

作主语

It's so nice to hear your voice. 听至 M 尔的声音真高兴。

It's necessary for you to lock the car whe n you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。

动词不定式作主语时,句子的谓语动词常用 单数,其位置有以下两种:

⑴把不定式置于句首。如:

To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 骑自行车到那儿将花费我们半个小时。 To make up for lost time is not possible. 要弥补失去的时光是不可能的。 To lea n out of the win dow is dan gerous. 身子探出窗外很危险。 To save money now seems impossible.

现在好像不可能存钱。

(2)用it 作形式主语,把真正的主语不定式置于句后,常用于下列句式中。如: ① lt+be+ 名词 +to do

It's our duty to take good care of the old. 照顾老人是我们的责任。 It is an offence to drop litter in the street. 在马路上乱丢废物是违章的。

② It takes sb+some time+to do

How long did it take you to finish the work? 你花了多少时间来完成这项工作? ③ It+be+ 形容词 +for sb+to do

It is difficult for us to finish writing the composition in a quarter of an hour. 我们难以在四分之一小时内完成这

篇作文。

It is stupid of you to write dow n everyth ing (that) the teacher says. 你把老师说的所有东西都记下来的行为是

很愚蠢的。

④ It seems(appears)+ 形容词 +to do It seemed impossible to save mon ey.

在句型 ③中,常用表示客观情况的形容词,如:

difficult,easy,hard,important,impossible,necessary

等;在句

型④中,常用 careless,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise 等 表示赞扬或批评的词。

在不定式前的 sb ,可看作其逻辑主语。这一句式有时相当于

Sb is+形容词+to do 句式,如:It's kind of you to

help me with my En glish.=You are kind to help me with my En glish.

⑤ It + 不定式结构可位于 believe/consider/discover/expect/find/think 禾口 wonder 之后

He thought it would be safer to go by trai n. 他认为乘火车比较安全。

He will find it is hard to make frie nds. 他会感觉到交朋友困难。

⑥ 不定式的完成式也可作句子的主语

To have made the same mistake twice was un forgivable.

两次犯同样的错误是不可原谅的。

It is better to have loved and lost tha n never to have loved at all. 爱过而后失去了爱,比从未爱过要好。

(3)举例

(1) It's easy (for me) to do that.

我做这事太容易了

easy, difficult, hard, importa nt, possible, impossible, comfortable, n ecessary, better;

the first, the n ext, the last, the best, too much, too little, not eno ugh

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(2)I t's very kind of him to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周至U 的),silly, selfish(自私的)

例句:

It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him n ot to give them an yth in g. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。

注意:(1)其他系动词如,look , appear等也可用于此句型

(2)不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。

(3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is…to的句型

(对)To see is to believe. 眼见为实。

(错)It is to believe to see.

作宾语

1)以下动词后,只能跟不定式作宾语

afford (付得起),agree (同意),aim(力求做到),appear (显得),arrange (安排),ask (要求),attempt (试图),care (想要),choose (决定),claim (声称),condescend

(屈尊),consent (准

许),decide (决定),dema nd (要求),determ ine (决心),en deavor (竭力),expect (期待),fail (未履行),help (帮助),hesitate (犹豫),hope (希望),learn (学会),man age (设法),n eglect (疏

忽),offer (主动提出),plan (计划),prepare (准备),pretend (假装),proceed (接着做),promise

(答应),prove (证明),refuse (拒绝),resolve (解决),seem (觉得好像),swear (发誓),tend (往往会),threaten (预示),undertake (承诺),volunteer (自愿做),vow (发誓),want (想要),wish (希望)

举例:

The driver failed to see the other car in time.

司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happe n to know the an swer to your questi on.

我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2)动词+疑问词+不定式

decide,k no w,c on sider forget,learn,remember,show,u ndersta nd,see,w on der,hear,fi nd out,expla in ,tell

Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mi nd which to buy. 有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。

The questi on is how to put it into practice.

问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

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3)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时,先用形式宾语it代替不定式,把不定式置于补语之后,即:主语+动词

+it+补语+to do句式。如:

We think it quite importa nt for us to lear n a foreig n Ian guage well.

He feels it his duty to help the poor.

I find it difficult to lear n En glish well.

作补语

1)动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

常见动词:advise,allow,believe ,cause,challenge ,compel ,declare ,encourage ,forbid,force,find,hire,in duce,in struct,in vite,like,order,permit,persuade ,remind ,request ,require ,select,send,suppose,tell,train , urge

例句:

a. Father will not allow us to play on the street.

父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty.

我们相信他是有罪的。

2) to + be的不定式结构,作补语的动词。

常见动词:Ack no wledge, believe, con sider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想),feel, find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解),show, suppose, take(以为), understand We con sider Tom to be one of the best stude nts in our class.

我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

3) to be +形容词

常见动词:Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want,

pla n, expect, mean …

The book is believed to be unin terest ing.

人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4)there be+ 不定式

常见动词:believe,expect,i nten d,like,love,mea n, prefer,wa nt,wish, un drsta nd

We did n't expect there to be so ma ny people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

有些动词需用as 短语做补语,如regard,think believe,take,consider.

We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

5)秃头不定式作补语

秃头不定式,即不带“to的不定式,其语法功能一般在句子中作宾语的补语(宾语补足语)。

用秃头不定式作宾语补足语的常用动词如下:

口诀:五看、三使役:两听、一感”要记住,若是宾补”变主补”,主补“t(字不能无。动词let属例外,其宾补/主补

“tc均无。说明:

五看——see/watch/notice/observe/look at ;三使役——have/make/let~;两听——hear/listen to~;一感——feel。

例句:I often see him go to school on foot.(秃头不定式作宾语补足语)He is often seen to go to school on

foot.(不定式作主语补足语,要带“to ” ) Let him try again--- He is let try again.(let 的主补与宾补均用秃头不定式)

Find特殊用法

Find后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从

句。此类动词还有get,have。

I found him lying on the ground.

I found it importa nt to lear n.

I found that to lear n En glish is importa nt.

作表语

不定式作表语表示具体动作或将来动作;动名词作表语表示抽象的一般行为。

①To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.

②My chief purpose is to point out the difficulties of the matter.

③What I would suggest is to put off the meeti ng.

当主语和表语都是不定式时,其含义一是条件,一是结果(例①)。当主语是aim,duty,hope,idea,mista

ke,plan,purpose,suggestion 等为中心词的名词词组(例②)时,或以what引导的名词性分句(例③),不定式

说明主语的内容。

④Our work is servi ng the people.

⑤What he likes is tak ing a walk after supper.

⑥The story told by Mr.Wa ng is in terest ing.

④⑤句动名词作表语,与主语部分可以转换,如Serving thepeople is our work, 而⑥句中是现在分词作表语,

说明主语的性质、状态,现在分词具有形容词的各种特征,另外,动名词作表语还应与进行时态区别开来。

作状语

(1 )目的状语

To…only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)…as to …如此........... 以便.... )

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告另叽

(2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you an gry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

(3)表原因

rm glad to see you.

典型例题

The chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to __ .

A. sit

B. sit on

C. be seat

D. be sat on

答案:B.如果不定式为不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。

当动词与介词连用时,常位于形容词+动词不定式”结构的末尾。

作定语

1.不定式作定语

不定式在句中作定语,置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。如:

①The n ext train to arrive is from Wash ington.

②Do you have anything to be take n to your sister?

③Do you have anything to say on the questi on?

④Would you please give me some paper to write on?

⑤My wish to visit France has come true at last.

不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系:

(1) 表示将来的动作(例①)。

(2) 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,如是不及物动词,则需加介词(例④)。

(3) 与被修饰词之间有动宾关系,同时与句中其它词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时,尽管有被动含义,却仍用主动语态(例③);如只有动宾关系,而无逻辑上的主谓关系,则需用被动语态(例②)。

(4) 不定式作定语时,一般可转换为定语从句,例①to arrive=that will arrive 。

相关省略

(1)情态动词(除ought夕卜,ought to意思是应该”是情态动词,只有一种形式,后边接动词不定式,to不能省略。ought to没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形可以表示现在、将来或过去将来,由时间状语或上下文决定。例如:

They ought to come tomorrow. 他们明天应当来):

(2)使役动词let,have,make :

(3)感官动词see,watch,look

at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补,省略to。

注意:在被动语态中则to不能省掉。

在使役动词中get除外(get sb. to do sth.)

I saw him dance.

=He was see n to dance.

The boss made them work the whole ni ght.

=They were made to work the whole ni ght.

不定代词和动词不定式用法小结

不定代词的用法 1.代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词 2.some与any的区别 1)some多用于肯定句,表示“一些,几个”,可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式。any 多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中,表示“一些”,可修饰不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式 2)在反问句、疑问句中,表示请求、建议和希望对方得到肯定回答时,多用some. Would you like some beer?你要不要来点啤酒吗? Why didn’t you buy some sweets?你怎么没买点糖果? 3)any 用于肯定句时,表示是“任何的” Come any day you like.你哪天来都行。 3)some还有表示“某个”的意思 I’ll catch up with you some day有一天我会赶上你的。 3.复合不定代词:something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). A:作主语时,谓语动词用单数。Is there anything wrong with your watch?”“No, nothing is wrong with it B:修饰复合不定代词的形容词或不定式一定要位于它们的后面。 This is something special. 这是种特别的东西。 Haven’t you got anything to do? 你无事可干吗? C:一般来说,当主语是指人的复合代词,如everybody, nobody, anybody 等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词they;当前面句子中的复合代词指物,如everything, something, anything, nothing 等时,其反意疑问句后面的主语通常用代词it。如:Everyone is here, aren’t they? 人都到了,是吗? Everything is ready, isn’t it? 一切准备好了,是吗? Somebody is waiting for me at the gate, aren’t they? 有人在门口等我,是吗? 3.few, a few, little, a little在用法上的区别 1)few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思;few、a few修饰可数名词或代替可数的事物, little、a little修饰不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。 He is very poor and he has little money. 他很穷,几乎没有什么钱 Don’t worry. There is st ill a little time left. 别着急,还有一点儿时间呢 In that polar region there live few people. 在那个极地地区几乎不住人 You can get a few sweets from him. 你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果 2)a little和little也可以用作副词,a little表示“有点,稍微”,little表示“很少”。 I'm a little hungry. Let him sleep a little. 3)quite a few (相当多)only a few (只有几个,几乎没有) 4、all和both, either的用法 1)all 指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词或不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词 All the food is delicious.所有的食物都很好吃。 Her parents are both doctors.她父母都是医生

动词不定式用法 经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法经典 例句总结

(语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态; 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如: It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语) My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语) 在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为:动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如: ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语) ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语) ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语) ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语) 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we shall leave…③…how I could learn……

动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征,在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外,动词不定式具有动词特点,可以有自己的宾语和状语,组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to+do;其否定形式是not to+do。 1.作主语 可以直接作主语。如: To see is to believe. 但在英语中,常用it作形式主语,真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如: It's wrong to play tricks on other people. It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy.(Lesson 10). 点击规律:动词不定式在句中作主语时,常放在It is +adj.(形容词)+to do sth.或 It is +n.(名词)+to do sth.句型中,it仅作形式主语。 2.作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲,打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎,显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨,厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱;烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢,宁愿 care关心,喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉,遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺,允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法,图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找,寻觅 try试图 b.love,like ,begin,start,hate ,prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律:上述动词后面除接不定式外,还可以接动名词,意思无很大区别。 提示板:like doing指经常性动作,而like to do指一次性的动作。如: I like swimming,but I don't like to swim now.我喜欢游泳,但我现在不想游。 c.stop,forget,remember,go on ,try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律:上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1)stop to do sth.:停止一件事,去做另一件事。 stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事。 例句:When the teacher came in,the students stopped talking;when he came out,the students stopped to talk. 当老师走进来时,学生们停止说话;当老师走出去时,学生们又开始说话。 2)思考:forget,remember,go on,try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d.在find/feel+it+adj.+to do sth.句型中,it是形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如: The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep. I feel it easy to recite the text. 点击规律:某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语,又可接动名词作宾语,二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分,如上面stop例句。 3.作宾语补足语 a.下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求,邀请 get请,得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢,宁愿 announce

不定式的特殊用法小结

不定时的用法 to do 的其它用法: 1. 时态和语态形式to do/to be done/to be doing/to have done/to have been done/to have been doing (1) 一般式表动作通常与谓语动词所表动作同时或在其后发生; 进行式表动作与谓语动作同 时进行;完成式表动作发生在谓语动作之前; pretend / believe /say/seem/happen/prove/plan/hope/expect/should like/would like + to have done 表未曾实现的行为; 完成进行式表动作在谓语动作之前已开始并一直进行着,到说话时为止,该动作可能停止,也可能还在继续。 People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. The children pretended to be reading aloud when the teacher came in. I didn’t expect you to be waiting for me so long. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported to have broken. the world record in the 110- metre hurdle race. He’s said to have written a new novel. I would like to have had your help. I hoped to have seen her . He planned to have gone abroad. He was said to have been living in New York for twenty years. (1)主动式表逻辑主语为不定式动作的执行者;被动式表逻辑主语是不定式动作的承受者。 I hope to finish reading the book tonight. We are invited to a party to be held in our club next Friday. 2.to do 的主动表被动 (1)to do 作定语与被修饰词构成动宾关系,同时又和句子主语构成主谓关系。 I have a lot of papers to deal with. (2) be + 性质adj. + to do . easy/hard/difficult/interesting/heave/pleasant/comfortable/safe/dangerous/impossible Tom is pleasant to work with. This book is difficult to understand. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good to breathe. (2)be + let /blame/ seek It seemed that water was to blame. The cause isn’t far to seek. The house is to let. (3)wh- + to do I had no idea who to turn to for help the time I lost. How to divide labor among them is still a question. (5) there be + 主语+ to do 中,当强调某人完成某事时用主动形式;当强调某事必须被完成用被动形式。 There’s many work to do. (sb. has to do the work. )/ to be done.(the work has to be done.) 3.to do 的逻辑主语是其所表动作的承受者时用被动。 It’ an honor for me to be invited to the party. The books and mag azines aren’t allowed to be taken out of the reading room. I wanted the letter to be typed at once She asked to be assigned to do a heavy job. 4.如果逻辑主语没出现,只要意义是被动的,to do仍用被动。 It’s great honor to be elected a delegate to the Party. To be attacke d by the enemy isn’t a bad thing but a good thing. 5.to do中动词的省略,只保留to . (1)to do作某些动词的宾语时:当作宾语的不定式再次出现时,为避免重复,只留to. afford/ agree/ expect/ forget/ hate/ hope/ intend/ mean/ plan/ prefer/ refuse/ try/ want/ wish/ would like/ love/ care

英语动词不定式的完成式用法小结

英语动词不定式完成式在使用语境中的学习与考查 江苏省沛县湖西中学鹿俊先221611 综观近年的英语高考试题,我们可以看到题目的设置往往强调语言知识在特定语境中的使用,把语言知识放在了语用层面上,即考察实际应用知识的能力。 英语动词不定式的完成式,即(to) have +动词的过去分词形式,是中学英语学习中的重点及难点知识之一,也是高考试题中频繁出现的形式。对于这一形式考查的题目设置通常围绕三类语境,即陈述已经发生过了的事实,推测可能已经发生过了的事实,表达与过去实际情况相反的事实。下面分别加以叙述,以便从语用角度掌握这一语言知识。 1.陈述已经发生过了的事实。 1.1.置于表示情感反应的动词、形容词、分词之后,作为引起该反应的刺激,表示情感反应之前完成的动作。例如: I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. (=I'm sorry that I gave / have given you so much trouble.) It is good to have finished work for the day. (=I am pleased because I have finished.) She said she was sorry to have missed you. (=She said she was sorry that he had missed you.) There was a smile on the boy's face, which seemed to show that he was happy to have given his life to his country. (=…he was happy that he had given his life to his country.) 1.2.置于be said, be considered, be believed, seem, appear, happen, turn out,等之后表示这些动作之前完成的动作。例如: I don't know whether you happen to have heard, but I am going to study in the U.S.A. this September. Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer. (=It is generally considered that Charles Babbage invented the first computer.) He is said to have studied abroad, but I don't know which country he studied in. (= It is said that he studied abroad, b ut….) I appear to have made a small mistake. (=It appears that I made / have made a small mistake.) He seems to have missed the train. (=It seems that he missed the train.) 1.3.置于should之后,表达说话人对已发生了的事实的情感的反应,如惊奇、遗憾、喜悦、不安、失望,等,should相当于汉语中的“竟然”,“居然”。例如:They were surprised (that) a child should have worked out the problem while they themselves couldn't. It is strange that she should have married such an old man. 2.推测可能已经发生过了的事实。 2.1.置于must, will, would, can't, couldn't 之后,表示很有把握的推论。例如: The city must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. An ambulance is waiting in the street. Somebody must have been hurt or killed. --I met her soon after the war.

动词不定式用法经典例句总结教学总结

定义 (语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语态; 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如: It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party.(不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up.(不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country.(不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired?(不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be examined.(不定式作状语) My work is to clean the room every day.(不定式作表语) 在There be结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of).但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is nothing to do now.( We have nothing to do now.) There is nothing to be done now.(We can do nothing now.) 形式 1) 现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。一般为:动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again.我希望再见到你。 2) 完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eating something. 4)完成进行式: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如: ①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语) ②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语) ③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语) ④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语) 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:①When we s hall leave…③…how I could learn……

be+不定式的用法小结

be+不定式的用法小结 be+不定式是英语中常见的一种结构,关于它的用法现在总结如下: 一、构成系表结构: 1、表示目的,例如: The prize was to honour him for his great discoveries. 这项奖励是为了对他的重大发现而表示的敬意。 2、对主语内容进行解释说明,例如: What you should do is (to) answer my questions. 你所应该做的就是回答我的问题。 二、表示将来: 1、表示按计划安排要发生的事情,例如: The president is to visit China next year. 总统将于明年访问中国。 If we are to be there in time, we'll have to hurry up. 如果我们想及时到达那里,就必须要赶快。 注:我们可以说:It's going to rain. 但不能说:It's to rain. 2、表示无法预见的结果或注定要发生的事情,例如: Better days are soon to follow. 好日子就要到了。 三、构成虚拟语气: 1、were to do 用于虚拟条件句中,表示对将来情况的虚拟。例如:What would you do if war were to break out? 假如战争爆发你会怎么做?

2、was/were+不定式的完成式(=should+不定式的完成式)表示过去应该发生而未发生的动作,例如:We were to have been married last year。 我们本打算去年结婚的。 四、be 后的个别动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义,例如: It's Jim who is to blame. 该怪的是吉姆。 This house is to let. 此房出租。 五、其他用法: 1、表示命令,指令。例如: You are not to bring any mobile communication means into the exam-room. 任何移动通讯工具都不得带入考场。 2、表示必须,必要。例如: This letter is to be handed to him in person. 这封信必须要面交他本人。 3、表示能够或可能发生的事情,例如: How are we to convince him? 我们怎么能够说服他呢? 4、表示应该,例如: Such questions are to be avoided. 这样的问题应该避免。

动词不定式用法经典例句总结知识分享

动词不定式用法例句总结

定义 (语态)动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系的一个术语。当主语是动作的发起者(或之一)时,称为主动语 态; 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者,不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如:It's a great honour to be invited to Mary's birthday party. (不定式作主语是被动语态to be invited 是被邀请)It was impossible for lost time to be made up. (不定式作主语) I wish to be sent to work in the country. (不定式作宾语) Can you tell me which is the car to be repaired? (不定式作定语) He went to the hospital to be exam in ed. (不定式作状语) My work is to clea n the room every day. (不定式作表语) 在There be 结构中,修饰主语的不定式可用被动,也可用主动。如:There are still many things to take care of (to be taken care of). 但有时两种形式表达的意思不同,如:There is noth ing to do now.( We have nothi ng to do no w.) There is nothing to be done no w.(We can do nothing no w.) 形式 1)现在式:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之 后。一般为:动词+ to do sth He seems to know this. I hope to see you aga in. = I hope that r II see you aga in. 我希望再见至M尔。 2)完成式:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 rm sorry to have give n you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3)进行式:表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems to be eat ing someth ing. 4)完成进行式: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 一般在表示情绪的动词后加to do也表将来 疑问词 疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how 语等。如: ①W hen to leave for London has not bee n decided yet. ② Mr. Smith did n't know whether to leave or stay there. ③ I asked Professor Xu how to lear n En glish well. ④The questi on was where to get the medici ne n eeded. 以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的 could lear n ......... 后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表 (不定式在句子中做主语) (不定式在句子中做宾语) (不定式在句子中做直接宾语) (不定式在句子中表语) 从句形式。如:①When we shall leave …③? -how I

动词不定式作宾语归纳

动词不定式作宾语归纳-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

要点1 只接不定式作宾语的动词 Afford , agree, ask, attempt, beg, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, fail, happen,hope, long, wish, manage, offer, pretend, prepare, promise refuse, struggle, want等。 语法填空: 1、I am out of work so I cannot afford _________(live) in this big flat. 2、He failed ________ (pass) the test, but he refused ________ (give up). 3、The man often pretends_______ (be) a rich man. 要点2 与doing 有区别 doing: 已经发生 A、Remember / forget; stop / go on; regret to do: 没有发生 语法填空: 1、I remember _______ (call) you a week ago, but I forgot _________ (tell) you the news then. 2、After work, he didn’t stop ________ (have) a rest, and went on ________ (have) an evening class. Doing: 尝试着做……; doing: 意味着……; B、try mean to do: 尽力做……; to do: 打算做……; 语法填空: Going to college doesn’t mean ________ (find) a good job after graduation, so I mean ________(learn) some practical skills in my spare time. Doing: 忍不住……; doing: 习惯…… C、can’t help be used to to do: 不能帮助做……; do:被用来做…… 语法填空: 1、When the man couldn’t help _______ (save) the drowning child, he couldn’t help ______ (cry). 2、The young man is used to _______ (rise) late, so he can’t be used to _______ (lead) the team. To do : 需要/ 想 / 请求做……; D、n eed / want / require doing (to be done): 需要 / 想 / 请求被……; 语法填空: I want ______ (ask) for a leave this afternoon because my hair needs _______ (cut). 要点3 可用形式宾语it来代替 不定式在make / think / feel / consider / find 等动词后作宾语并且其后有名词或 形容词作补语时,常用it作形式宾语。 例:I think it impossible to finish all the work in a day.

小学英语不定式用法总结

不定式作主语 1)It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。 2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。 Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。 It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。 注意:1) 其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。 3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(完整版)省略to的动词不定式用法归纳

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