翻译练习2及参考译文

翻译练习2及参考译文
翻译练习2及参考译文

英译中

AIDS Campaign to Focus on Migrants, Students

For most migrant workers, AIDS may seem remote and alien. But this situation will soon be a thing of the past.

Migrant workers and university students will be listed as two major target groups of the AIDS prevention education campaign, a senior official from the Ministry of Health told a seminar in Beijing on Saturday.

The move will give a huge boost to China’s war against AIDS. Migrant workers, many of them poorly educated, usually have little if any knowledge of this deadly infectious disease. Mainly in their 20s and 30s, they are in a sexually active age group. Considering the fact that many migrant workers live away from their spouses, it is obviously urgent to inform them on how to stop the spread of AIDS.

The identification of university students as a major target group for HIV/AIDS education also makes sense. Though well educated, they usually have had little or no sex education at middle school. The near non-existence of sex education and their sexually active nature make students, who also tend to be more liberal in their sex lives, an at-risk group.

In the past, only intravenous drug users and prostitutes were considered at-risk or high-risk groups. When China’s first AIDS case was detected in 1985, it was thought to be something associated with “capitalist evils”, or an exotic disease about which China need not worry. According to official statistics, China now has 840,000 people infected with HIV and more than 80,000 AIDS patients.

Considering the huge population, abysmally low public awareness about HIV/AIDS and the frail public health system, China faces an uphill battle against this fatal disease. Prevention through education has proved to be the most effective weapon to curb this deadly scourge, which, if not checked, will result in catastrophe. Although China discovered this method a little late, which is the reason why much of society is ill informed, it has begun to change tack in recent years.

英译中

抗击艾滋病将关注于民工和大学生

作者:xiaoliuliu

对于大多数民工来说,艾滋病可能看起来遥远而陌生。但是这种情形不久就会成为过去。

民工和大学生将被列为艾滋病预防教育活动的两大目标人群,周六在北京举行的某研讨会上卫生部的一位高级官员这样说道。

此举将极大促进中国抗击艾滋病的活动。民工—其中的大多数受教育程度较低—通常对这种致命的传染性疾病近乎于一无所知。他们大多数在二、三十岁上下,处于性活跃的年龄组。考虑到许多民工与其配偶两地分居的实际情况,告诉他们如何阻止艾滋病的传播显然是非常紧迫的。

将大学生视为HIV/艾滋病教育的主要目标人群同样也很有道理。尽管他们接受了良好的教育,但他们在中学通常几乎没有、甚至根本没有接受过性教育。近乎于零的性教育和性活跃的生理特点使大学生(他们对待性生活也表现得更加自由)也成为危险人群。

过去,只有静脉注射的吸毒者和妓女才被视为危险人群或高危人群。当1985 年中国发现第一例艾滋病病例时,它被视为与“资本主义罪恶”相关的事物,或一种中国无需担心的外来疾病。根据官方统计数据,中国目前有840,000 人感染了人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV),还有超过80,000 的艾滋病患者。

考虑到庞大的人口、关于HIV/艾滋病糟糕之极的公众意识以及脆弱的公共卫生系统,中国正面临与此绝症的一场艰巨战役。通过教育进行预防已被证实为是遏制这一致命祸端最有效的武器,如果得不到控制,这一祸端将会酿成巨大灾难。尽管中国发现通过教育预防艾滋病的方法稍微晚了点儿(这也是为什么大众对这一疾病还很无知的原因),中国已在最近几年开始改变策略。

预防艾滋病运动开始关注外来人员和学生

作者:sheissl

对大多数外来务工人员而言,艾滋病似乎遥远而陌生。然而这种情况即将成为过去。

卫生部一位高级官员周六在北京一场研讨会上说,外来务工人员和大学生将被列为艾滋病预防教育运动的两大主要目标群体。

此次活动极大地促进了中国打击艾滋病的战争。外来务工人员中的许多人都缺乏教育,通常他们对于这种致命的传染病即使知道,也是知之甚少。这些人大多是二十或三十多岁,正处于性欲旺盛的年龄段。考虑到许多外来务工人员与其配偶分居两地这个事实,告知他们如何防止艾滋病的传播很明显是当务之急。

将大学生视作艾滋病病毒及艾滋病的教育的主要目标群体同样很有道理。他们虽然受过良好的教育,但在中学期间通常只受过很少甚至没有接受过性教育。这种几近于无的性教育和他们性欲旺盛的特征使得这些追求性生活自由的学生成为一个危险的群体。

在过去,只有静脉毒品注射和卖淫者才被视作艾滋病危险或高危群体。1985年,中国发现第一例艾滋病病例时,它被视为与“资本主义罪恶”相连的东西,或一种中国无需担心的外来疾病。而根据官方统计,中国现有八十四万人感染艾滋病病毒,还有超过八万艾滋病患者。

鉴于这个庞大的群体,鉴于我们脆弱的公共卫生系统,鉴于公众对艾滋病病毒和艾滋病极低的认识,中国面临一场艰苦的艾滋病防御战。通过教育预防艾滋病已被证明是控制这个致命灾祸的最有效的武器,如果不对艾滋病加以控制,必将导致一场大灾难。虽然中国发现这个方法的时间已经有点迟,而这就是为什么社会上大多数人都缺乏艾滋病常识的原因,但近几年中国已经开始改变方针。

参考译文英译中

预防爱滋病运动将以流动工人和大学生为重点

对于大多数流动工人而言,爱滋病可能看起来遥远而陌生,但是这一状况将很快成为过去。

卫生部一位高级官员星期六在北京召开的研讨会上说,流动工人和大学生将被列为爱滋病预防教育运动的两大主要目标群体,

此举将极大地推动中国抗击爱滋病的斗争。许多流动工人教育水平很低,通常对这个致命的传染病简直可以说是一无所知。他们大都是二十或三十几岁,属于性活跃的年龄群。鉴于许多流动工人和配偶两地分居的这一事实,显然,当务之急是使他们了解如何才能阻止爱滋病的传播。

确认大学生是接受有关爱滋病病毒和爱滋病的教育的一个主要目标群体也是明智之举。他们虽然受过良好的教育,但是在中学里一般只受过很少或根本没有接受过性教育。这种几近空白的性教育,加上他们性活跃的特点,同时在性生活上又倾向于较为开放,使得大学生们成为爱滋病的易感群体。

过去,只有静脉注射吸毒者和妓女才被认为是易感或高危群体。当中国在1985年发现第一例爱滋病人的时候,爱滋病被看作是和“资本主义罪恶”有关的东西,或者是一种中国不必担心的外来疾病。现在,根据官方统计,中国有八十四万人感染了爱滋病病毒,超过八万名爱滋病患者。

考虑到人口之众多,公众对爱滋病病毒和爱滋病的认识之极度缺乏,以及公共卫生系统之脆弱,中国面临一场艰巨的抗击这一绝症的战斗。已经证明,预防性的教育是控制这场致命祸害的最有效的武器,如果爱滋病得不到抑制,后果将是灾难性的。尽管中国发现这个有效方法稍晚了一些,正因为如此,社会上多数人对爱滋病缺乏了解,但是近年中国已经开始改变了方针。

(王家湘译)

专家点评英译中

翻译要在精确性上下功夫

本文基本上不存在太多的理解难点,来稿多数也翻译得不错。如果说存在缺点,主要在精确性上。

1.may seem:多数译者没有体会到,这种结构实际上要表达的是转折的意思,也就是说,“情况可能如此,但是…”如下面这句话:”She may seem happy,…”即使没有说出后半句,听的人也会明白其中所包含的“其实不然”的意思。所以译成“似乎是遥远陌生的”,就没有表达出这层含义。

2.mainly in their 20s and 30s:20 到29岁是in their 20s,30到39岁是in their 30s,因此不能翻译成“20到30岁”,“20到30岁之间”,“20至30岁这个年龄段”等等。牵涉到数字的翻译,要特别谨慎。贸易往来中一个粗心的数字错误,就会造成巨大的损失。这次译文中,有人把”Saturday”译成了星期日。如果是去赴情人的约会,一日之差至少会引起不少口舌。

3.sexually active:不必具体成“性行为较频繁”,“性活动旺盛”,“频繁的性冲动”等。在进行翻译的时候,原文提法笼统的,一般译文也笼统,译者不应以自己的理解加以具体化。

4.sexually active nature:此处nature不是指“天性”,而应为“特点”,为什么大学生会有“性活跃的天性”?只能说有此特点。要注意同一个英语单词在不同的上下文中的确切含义,尽可能找到较为贴切的汉语加以表达。

5.tend to be more liberal in their sex lives:“tend to be”是“具有某种倾向”的意思,这是在发表一种看法,而不是讲述确凿的事实,所以翻译时应该表达出来。

6.at-risk group:如果中文翻译成“危险群体”,含义是比较模糊的,我认为应该译成“易感群体”,或“易受侵害群体”,因为“危险群体”也可以是对别人有危险而自己并没有多少危险的群体。

7.在翻译时要注意体会原文中的提法是否有褒贬的意思,应选择相应的汉语词汇。如“tend to be more liberal in their sex lives”,原句只是在表明一个看法,作者并没有对此加以褒或贬,如果翻译成“生活比较放纵”,“在过性生活时易采取自由放任的态度”,不仅意思不够准确,同时所用的汉语含有贬义。

(王家湘)

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30. 你会做什么?我会扫地。 31. 我会做饭。 32. 我会浇花。 33. 你会铺床吗?不,我不会。 34. 你会用电脑吗?是的,我会。 35. 有两个卧室,一个厨房,一个卫生间和一个客厅。 36. 有一面镜子,一张床和一个大衣橱。 37. 衣橱在桌子旁边。 38. 许多衣服在衣橱里。 39. 公园里有森林吗?是的,有。 40. 有小河吗?不,没有。 41. 你什么时候吃晚餐?我晚上七点吃晚餐。 42. 你什么时候起床?我通常中午12点起床。 43. 你周末做什么?我经常看电视,去购物。 44. 有时候我看望外祖父母。 45. 你呢? 46. 我经常踢足球。 47. 有时候我去远足。 48. 你们正在吃午餐吗?是的,我们正在吃。 49. 它们正在吃蜂蜜吗?是的,它们正在吃。 50. 他正在下棋吗?是的,他在。 51. 她正在数昆虫吗?不,她不在。 52. 你怎样去上学,萨拉? 53. 我通常走路去上学。有时候我骑车去。 54. 我怎样才能到达中山公园? 55. 你可以坐15路公交车去。 56. 请问,电影院在哪里? 57. 它在医院旁边。 58. 在电影院左转,然后直走。它在左边。 59. 你周末打算做什么? 60. 这个周末我打算去看望外祖父母。

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