初中代词语法大全修订版

初中代词语法大全修订版
初中代词语法大全修订版

初中代词语法大全集团标准化小组:[VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN]

初中代词语法大全

1、代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代

词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。

2、人称代词:人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。

1、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如:I often go shopping on

Sundays.(星期天我常去购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西

人吗)

/ Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了)

/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他!)

2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如:Who teaches you English

this year?(今年谁教你们的英语)

/ Help me!(救救我!) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信)

3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用

主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如:--Who is

it?(是谁)

–It’s I/me.(是我。)

4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如:

Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都

在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there(谁要去那儿)

–You and me.(你和我)

5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温

度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作

主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。如:--What’s the

weather like today?(今天天气怎样)

6、—It’s fine.(天气晴好) / --What’s the time?(几点啦)

7、–It’s 12:00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好

长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子

花了他三天的时间) / It is very clear that the public want to

know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些

人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a

foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的)

3、物主代词:说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。

1、形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如:

Is that your umbrella?(那是你的伞吗)

/ I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.(我经常在星期天去看望

阿姨) / They are their books.(是他们的书)

2、名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往

独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。如:

This is your cup,but where is mine(这是你的杯子,可我的在哪儿)

/ Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small.(你

们的教室很大,我们的相当小)

3、“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。如:

A friend of mine came to see me yesterday.(我的一个朋友昨天来

看我了) (指若干朋友中有一个来看我。)

[试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday.(我的朋友昨天来

看我了)(指我的那个特定的朋友来看我。)

4、反身代词:表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。

1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。如:

Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.(不要玩刀子,那会割伤你的)

2、在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。如:

The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.(故事本身是好的,只是他没有讲好)

8、指示代词:指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的

人或事物。

指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词。如:

What’s this(这是什么)

/ That model plane is made of plastic.(那只模型飞机是塑料做

的)(被动句) / Remember never to do such things.(记得永远不要做这样的事情) / Do the same as the teacher tells you. (按老师说

的做)/ ---Who is it(是谁)

---It’s me!(是我!)

6、关系代词:用来引导定语从句的代词叫关系代词,参见后面的定语从句。

1、关系代词who 、which、 that 、whom 等,将定语从句和主句连接起

来。英语中的关系代词一方面在从句中担任一定的成分,另一方面又起

连接作用。

如:The student who is drawing a picture is in Grade One.(正在画画的学生是一年级的)

2、关系代词who / whom指人,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如:

Do you know the man who is wearing a red hat (你认识那个戴着红帽子的男人吗)

3、关系代词which指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。如:Have you

found the book which you lost several days ago(你找到几天前丢

失的那本书了吗)

4、关系代词that既可指人也可指物,如果作从句的宾语,则有时省略。

如:Can you see the man/dog that is running along the river

bank (你看得见顺着河跑的男人/狗了吗)

7、连接代词:用来引导宾语从句、主语从句或表语从句的连接词称连接代词。

英语中连接代词主要有:what(什么),who(谁),whom(谁),which(哪

个),whose(谁的)。详见相应从句。

8、不定代词:代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。

※注:复合不定代词有12个:something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything

(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没

事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切),

everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人).

(1)some和 any 的用法:

some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如:I have some work to do

today. (今天我有些事情要做)/ They will go there some

day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿)

some 用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。如:Would you like some coffee with sugar(你要加糖的咖啡吗)

any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如:They didn’t have any

friends here. (他们在这里没有朋友)/ Have you got any

questions to ask?(你有问题要问吗)

any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any

friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧。)

(2)no和none的用法:

no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复

数)或不可数名词。如:There is no time left. Please hurry

up.(没有时间了,请快点) / They had no reading books to

lend.(他们没有阅读用书可以出借)

none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个

人(或事物)”,表示复数或单数。如:None of them is/are in the

classroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里) / I have many books,

but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的) (3)all和both的用法:

all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词;也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。

both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如:I know all of the four

British students in their school.(他们学校里四个英国学生我

全认识) / --Would you like this one or that one –Both.(你要这个还是那个?两个都要。)

all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of可以

省略。如:All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都调皮) (4)every和each用法:

every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念;

each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个”或者“各个”,表示单个概念;each可以放在名词前,可以后跟of短语,

与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者

行为动词之前

every和each都用作单数理解,但是下文中既可以用单数的代词(如he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词(如they/them/their)替代。如:

Every one of the students in his class studies very

hard.(他班上每个学生学习都很用功) / They are very busy.

Each of them has something to do.(他们很忙,人人都有事干) (5)either和neither的用法:

either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”;neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”。

neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数。

如:I don’t care much for what to drink. Either of the

two will do. (我不介意喝些什么,两个之中随便哪个都行) / --

Will you go there by bus or by car

–Neither. I will go there by train.(你坐公车去还是坐轿车去?一个都不坐,我坐火车去。)

(6)other、the other和another的用法:

other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。another意思是“另外”、“又一个”,表示增加,在

句中可作宾语和定语。如:

Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others

are sitting on the grass talking.(有些女孩在大苹果树下唱歌,

别的就躺在草地上说话) / You have had several cakes. Do

you really want another one?(你已经吃了好几块饼子了,你真的

还要一块)

/ I want another four books.(我还要四本书)

another(另外的,再一,又一)与the other(另外的一个) 主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用another。如:

This is one of your socks. Where is the other one?(这是你

的一只袜子,还有一只呢)

/ I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.(我已经吃了4块蛋糕,但是我还要以块。)

others与the others的主要区别:others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分);the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。如:A few

students are playing soccer while others are watching

them.(有几个学生在踢足球,其他一些人在观看) / Two of the ten

boys are standing and the others are sitting round

them.(十个男孩中有两个站着,其他人都围着他们坐着。)

(7)many和much的用法:

many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用;much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。如:I

don’t have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友。)

/Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失) /

We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的帮助之下我们

能学到很多)

many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of或者lots of;

many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.如:

There are a lot of people on the playground.(操场上有许多的

人)/ They haven’t got much work to do.(他们没有多少事情可

做) / There are too many people in the room.(房间里人太多

了。)

(8)few、little、a few、a little的用法:

few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a

few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思;

few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物, little、a little与

不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和

定语。如:

He is very poor and he has little money.(他很穷,几乎没有什么

钱。)/ Don’t worry. There is still a little time left.(别

着急,还有一点儿时间呢。) / In that polar region there live

few people.(在那个极地地区几乎不住人) / You can get a few

sweets from him.(你可以从他那儿弄到一些糖果)

(9)复合不定代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything,

everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing构成的,

叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。

somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中;anything,

anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合

不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。如:Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door.(嗨,丽丽,门外有人。) /Di(每个人)d you meet

anyone when you came to school last Sunday?(上个星期天你来学校

时见到什么人了吗)

/He has nothing much to do today.(他今天没有多少事情做)

(10)one与ones用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物,前面可以加冠词、形容

词、指示代词、which等。如:Which jacket would you like, this

one or that one(你要哪件夹克,这件还是那件?/ I don’t like the green ones.(我不喜欢绿色的那些)

(11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。如:I don’t think

so.(我认为不是这样的。) / He lost a book. So did I.(他丢失了

一本书,我也是。)

(12)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great

deal of、plenty of的区别:五个“名词+介词”短语都表示“大量,许

多”,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词

的复数形式,可以相应地换为much和many;plenty of“足够、大量”,

既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。 a number of

/ large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修饰的词作主语

时谓语用复数形式)可以换为some、many、a lot of、plenty of。a

great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数

形式)可以换为much。

如:A lot of people think that time is money.(许多的人认为时间

就是金钱。)/ I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time.(我用不着赶忙,因为我有充足的时间。) / I have a

number of letters to write today.(今天我有好多信要写) / I spend

a great deal of time/money on shopping.(在购物方面我花费了大量

的时间/金钱。)

(13)none、no one、nobody的区别:no one和nobody都表示“没有人”,仅

指人,后面不跟of短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式;none表示“没有一

个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数

也可用复数。如:No one knows how he managed to get the

ticket.(没有人知道他是怎样搞到那张票的) / Nobody handed in

his/their composition(s) yesterday.(昨天没有一个人交作文。) /

None of my friends came to see me that day.(那天没有一个朋友来

看我。)

9、相互代词:表示相互关系的词叫相互代词。

each other ,one another是相互代词,译成“互相”,可以通用。each

other表示两者之间,而one anther表示许多人之间。它们有所有格形

式each other’s ,one another’s。如:We must help each other

when we are in trouble.(我们身处困境时要互相帮助。) / They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他们坐在那

儿,互相都不说话。)

10、疑问代词:用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。

1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主

要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作

宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。如:

Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party?(你都邀请了谁参

加你的生日聚会的)

/ What does she want to be when she grows up?(她长大了想干什

么)

2、who和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的

宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语;而what、which、whose等既可以

独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。如:Who

is that man?(那男的是谁)

/ What colour are their hats?(他们的帽子是什么颜色)

/ Which car was made in Germany?(哪辆车是德国造的)

(被动句)

注意这个提问:The man in the car is my father.(车里的男人是

我父亲)

→Which man is your father?(哪个男人是你的父亲)

3、which除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地

点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况等进行提问。如:People there live a

very sad life.(那里的人生活凄惨)→Which people live a sad

life

(哪些人生活凄惨)

/ --Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?(为了度假你预订了哪家旅馆)

—The biggest one in Haikou.(海口最大的那家旅馆)

4、疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单

数;如果修饰名词,则以名词的单复数为准。如:Who is (are) in

that playhouse?(谁在游戏房里)

/What is that

(那是什么)

/ What are those? (那些是什么)

/ What colours do they have?(它们有哪些颜色)

四、数词:

1、分类:数词有基数词和序数词两种。英语的数词可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语和定语。

2、基数词:表示数目的词叫基数词。

1、英语中常用的基数词有:

1000→one(a) thousand,10000→ ten thousand,100000→one

hundred thousand ,1000000→, →one hundred million,

108→one hundred and eight, 146→one hundred and forty-six, 500→five hundred , 1001→one thousand and one, 1813→one

thousand eight hundred and thirteen.

2、[注]:(1)百位与十位之间要加and;十万位和万位,亿位和千万位之间通常也要加and。

(2)英语用千、百万等单位计数,大数字从右向左看, 每隔三位划一

逗号,倒数第一个逗号之前要用thousand,倒数第二个逗号之前

要用million,倒数第三的逗号之前要用billion表示。

(3) hundred、 thousand、 million作数词时,不用复数,前面可以

加上one, two, …等其它数词。用作名词时复数表示“成…

上…”,后面必须要有of,前面可以加上some,many,several等

词。如:five hundred(五百), hundreds of(成百上千的),

ten thousand(一万), thousands of(成千上万的), millions

of(成百万的)

3、序数词:表示顺序的数词叫序数词。

1、英语的序数词基本变法:

(1) 一般在基数词后加th,(2)-ve结尾的改为-fth,(3)-ty结尾的改为-

tieth,(4)熟记特殊词。

2、序数词如下:

1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th ※

first

second

third

fourth

fifth

sixth

sevent

h

eighth

ninth

tenth

eleven

th

twelft

h

13th

14th

15th

16th

17th

18th

19th

thirtee

nth

fourtee

nth

fifteen

th

sixteen

th

sevente

enth

eightee

nth

ninetee

nth

20th

30th

40th

50th

60th

70th

80th

90th

100th

twentiet

h

thirtiet

h

fortieth

fiftieth

sixtieth

seventie

th

eightiet

h

ninetiet

h

one

undredth

21st

22nd

23rd

35th

101st

twenty-first

twenty-second

twenty-third

thirty-fifth

one hundred and

first

1000th→one thousandth, 1000000th→one millionth., 第703→

the seven hundred and third,

第5480→the five thousand four hundred and eightieth.

3、注:(1)两位以上的序数词仅个位数部分用序数词,其余部分仍用基数词。如:thirty-sixth,

(2) 使用序数词时一般加定冠词the. 如:I’m in the third

grade.

(3) 序数词作“几分之几”讲时,有复数形式。如:1/5→one

fifth ; 2/3→ two thirds ; 4/7→ four sevenths ; 1/2→

a half ; 1/4→a quarter ; 3/4→ three quarters ; 50%→

fifty hundredths ( fifty per cent).

4、数词的用法:

1、表示年份:2002: twenty thousand and two ; 1976 : nineteen seventy-six.

2、表示日期: 12月1日: Dec.1st或the first of December;2002年11月8日: Nov. 8th, 2002.

3、表示时刻:5:15→ five fifteen或a quarter past five ; 8:30→

eight thirty或half past eight ; 10:45→ ten forty-

five或a quarter to eleven.

4、表示编号:Room 105→Room one 0 five; Bus No.13→Bus Number

Thirteen; P.5→→Telephone Number seven-six-five-

eight-six-five-nine

5、小数的读法:5.7→five point seven, 0.16 →zero point one six.

6、“半”的表达: 1/2→half, 半小时→half an hour, 1.5小时→one

and a half hours或one hour and a half.

7、序数词前面加the时,表示顺序,加a/an时表示“再一、又一”。如:The

third lesson is rather difficult.(第三课相当难)/ Shall we read the text a third time(我们把课文读第三遍,好吗)

五、冠词

1、冠词分类及读法:

英语中冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种,常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用。定冠词the读法:单独念时读[T i:],在句子中常发[T i ](元音之前)或者[T[](辅音之前);

不定冠词a/an的读法:单独念时读 [ei ]/[An ];在句子中常发

[[]/[[n]。

2、不定冠词a / an的用法:

不定冠词a / an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音开头的词前面; an用在

元音开头的词的前面。

不定冠词的基本用法:

(1)表示某一个人或东西,但不具体说明何人或何物。如:There is a dog

lying on the ground.(有一只狗躺在地上。)

(2) 表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如:A elephant is much

stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为:一头大象比

一个人强壮。)

(2)表示某类人或事物中的任何一个。如:He is a teacher of

English.(他是英语教师。)

(4) 表示“一”这个数量。如:There is a table and four chairs in

that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)

(5)几个用不定冠词的习语:a bit(一点), a little(一点), a few(几个),

a lot (许多), a kind of(一种), a pair of(一副、一双), a

number of(大量的), a piece of (一张、一片), half an hour(半小

时), have a good time(玩得开心), have a cold(感冒), make a

noise(发出嘈杂声), have/take a (rest等)(休息)一会儿,等等。

3、定冠词the的用法:定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。

定冠词的基本用法:

(1)表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is

Jack..(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)

(2)指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉

莉,请看黑板。)

(3)复述前面提到过的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree.

The man is called Robert.(树下有个人, 那个人叫罗伯特。)

(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。如:The earth turns around the

sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)

(5)用在表示方位的名词前面。如:There will be strong wind to the

south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地区将会刮大风。)

(6)在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如:Who is the first one to

go?(谁第一个去)

(7) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所

有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)

(8)常用在乐器名称的前面。如:He began to play the violin at the

age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)

(9)用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如:I have never been to the

Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)

(10)用在含有普通名词的专有名词的前面。如:He is from the

United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)

(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如:The Greens are going to Mount Emei

next month.(下个月格林一家要去峨眉山)

(11)same之前一般用the。如:Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)

(12)几个用定冠词的习语:at the same time (与此同时),make the

bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便

说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。

4、一些不用冠词的情况:

(1) 专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如:China

is a very large country.(中国是个大国) / Man needs air and

water.(人类需要空气和水)

(2) 名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如:My pen is

much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)

(3)周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如:He was born on Monday,

February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一) / They

usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上

植树)

(4) (第一次使用)复数名词表示人或事物的类别时不用。如:Men are

cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聪明)

(5)三餐饭前不用。如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at

school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)

(6)节、假日前一般不用。如:On Children’s Day the boys often get

presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的

礼物)

球类名词前不用。如:The children play football on Sat

初中英语语法 代词讲解

初中英语语法 代词 代词:为了避免重复而用来代替其他词的词。 种类:1) 人称 2) 物主 3) 反身 4) 指示 5)不定6) 疑问 7) 相互代词:each other, one another 互相, 其所有格加-’s 8) 关系代词:which , who ,that ,whom ,whose 等 引导定语从句 9) 连接代词:who, whom, whose, what, which, whatever, whichever, whoever, whomever 10)替代词:one(单数), ones(复数) 用于替代前面出现的同类事物。但ones 必须和形容词连用。如果替代的名词时无形容词在前,则用some, any ,而不用ones 。如:Have you bought any rulers? Yes ,I 've bought some. 一、人称代词 2. 3. 人称代词的排列顺序(单数231 ,复数123) 当两个以上的人称代词一起作主语时,单数按二、三、一人称排列(即you, he / she, I );复数按一、二、三人称排列(即we, you, they )。但是如果做错了事需要承担责任时,要把说话人(I )放在第一位。如:It was I and John that made her angry. 是我和约翰惹她生气了。 二、物主代词 1. 物主代词的形式

3. 物主代词的特殊用法 在双重所有格中只能用名词性物主代词。如: 我的一个朋友a friend of mine , 她的一个同学 a classmate of hers , each brother of his. 三、反身代词 1. 反身代词的形式 2. 反身代词的句法功能 3.由反身代词构成的习惯用语 ① help oneself to 随便吃……② come to oneself 苏醒过来,醒悟,恢复知觉 ③ dress oneself 自己穿衣服④ say to oneself 自言自语 ⑤ enjoy oneself 玩得开心⑥ lose oneself in迷路于,全神贯注于…之中,消失于 ⑦ teach oneself 自学⑧ look after oneself ⑨by oneself 亲自 learn……by oneself 自学…leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下hurt oneself 伤了自己make yourself/yourselves at home 不必拘束 四、指示代词

初中英语语法代词专项练习

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初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 (1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、my(复数)________ 9、him(复数)________ 10、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 11、we(单数)________ 12、they(名词性物主代词)________ 13、I(反身代词)________ 14、you(反身代词)________ 15、she(反身代词)________ 16、he(反身代词)________ 17、it(反身代词)________ 18、I(反身代词)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

新初中英语语法知识—代词的分类汇编含答案

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初中英语语法归纳:代词

初中英语语法归纳:代词 代词(pron.)代替名词,兼有名词和形容词的作用 (一)代词的类别 相互代词 each other,one another 指示代词 this,that,these,those 不定代词(不指明特定的人或事物的代 词)each,every,both,all,either,neither,none,no,one,(a)few,(a)little,some,any,man y,much,other,another 复合不定代词 everybody,somebody,anybody,nobody,everyone,someone,anyone,no one,every-thing,something,anything,nothing 疑问代词 what,who,whom,which,whose 直接代词疑问代词都可作连接代词,引导宾语从句。表语从句等。 关系代词 who,whom,whose,that,which用引导定语从句。 (二)代词的用法 1.人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词和指示代词的用法 (1)人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格用来作主语,宾格用来作动词或介词的宾语等。 eg. She gave me a red apple.她给了我一个红苹果: (She作主语,me作动词宾语) Kath is near him.凯西靠近他。(介词near的宾语) 2.物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。 ①形容词性物主代词位于名词前:their school,his backpack ②名词性物主代词相当干一个名词,在句中可作主语、宾语等,后面不能再接名词。 egIt isn’t my pen.→Mine(=my pen) is missing.(作主语) I left my pen at home. You can use hers(=her pen),(作宾语) ③“of+名词性物主代词”属双重所有格的一种形式。 cat of hers她的一条狗,a friend of yours你的一个朋友 3.反身代词 ①反身代词在句中可作同位语,起强调作用,也可作动词或介词的宾语。 few days later,I myself had to go to Paris.(作同位语) She bought herself a new bag.(作动词宾语) He’s not worried about himself.(作介词宾语) ②带有反身代词的常用短语。 teach oneself 自学 help oneself to 随便吃些…吧

初中英语语法知识—代词的知识点复习

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复数they them their theirs themselve s 三、人称代词的用法 1) 定义 人称代词是用来指代人、动物或事物的代词。它必须在人称(第一人称、第二人称、及第三人称)、数(单数、复数)以及性(阴性、阳性、中性)三方面与被指代的名词一致。 如:Tom is a boy, and he(代指第三人称单数Tom)is a student. Mary is very pretty, and she(代指第三人称单数Mary)likes singing. The boys are students, and they(代指第三人称复数数The boys)are in the room. The dog is small. It(代之第三人称单数The dog)is Tom's. 2)人称代词的句法功能 A)人称代词有主格和宾语之分:主格用作主语和表语,宾格用作宾语。 如: I like music(主语). She is a teacher. (主语) She and I are good friends(主语). Neither she nor I am student. ——I saw the boys this morning. ——Are you sure it was they(表语)? B) 人称代词的宾格在句子作动词的宾语,或者介词的宾语。 如:I saw him at the party(动词see的宾语). I haven't seen them recently. (动词see的宾语) I bought a book for them.(作介词for的宾语) =I bought them a book.(作介词buy的间接宾语)

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代词 三. 反身代词 表示"我自己","你自己","他自己","我们自己","你们自己"等表示自身或强调自身的代词称为反身代词。 (动词所表达的动作返回到动作者本身)反身代词有人称和数的变化. 我自己______________ 我们自己________ 他自己__________ 他们自己__________ 你自己___________ 你们自己_________ 强化练习: 一、用适当的人称代词和物主代词填空 A. 从括号内选择正确的代词填空 1. Your clothes are on the desk. Please put _________(they,them,their,theirs) away. 2. (We,Us,Our,Ours)_________ English teacher is Mrs. Green. We all like _________(she,her,hers). 3. (I,Me,My,Mine)_________ can't get my kite. Could you help _________(I,me,my,mine) 4. Tom can't get down from the tree. Can you help _________(he,him,his) 5. Her kite is broken. Can _________(you,your,yours) mend it B. 填入正确的人称代词和物主代词 1. This isn't her knife. _________ is green. 2. These are your books,Kate. Put __________ in the desk,please.

初中英语语法之指示代词的分类

指示代词的分类 指示代词分单数(this / that)和复数(these / those)两种形式,既可作限定词又可做代词,例如: 单数复数 限定词:This girl is Mary. Those men are my teachers. 代词:This is Mary. Those are my teachers. 编辑本段指示代词的句法功能 指示代词在句子中可充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。 1、作主语 This is the way to do it. 这事儿就该这样做。 2、作宾语 I like this better than that. 我喜欢这个多于那个。 3、作介词宾语 I don't say no to that. 我并未拒绝那个。 There is no fear of that. 那并不可怕。 4、作表语

My point is this. 我的观点就是如此。 5、作定语 This room is mine. 这间房间是我的。 编辑本段指示代词的用法 1、this和these指在时间或空间上较近的人或者事物,that和those指在时间或空间上较远的人或者事物。例如: This is a pen and that’s an eraser. 这是一支笔,那是块橡 皮擦。 This is a boy and those are girls. 这是个男孩,那些是女孩。 2、指示代词所指的对象取决于说话者和听话者共同熟悉的语境。如: I liked this movie today better than that concert last night. 我喜欢今天的这个电影,胜过昨晚的那个音乐会。 3、指示代词具有名词和形容词性质,既可指人也可指物。但是在相 当于名词时一般指物多于指人。如: I found this wallet. I found this. 我找到了这只皮夹子。我找到了这个。(this 等于 this wallet) Is she going to marry that man?

初中英语语法专项代词练习(含答案)

代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词 (1)按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I(宾格)________ 2、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 3、us(主格)________ 4、they(宾格)________ 5、she(宾格)________ 6、you(名词性物主代词)________ 7、it(宾格)________ 8、my(复数)________ 9、him(复数)________ 10、he(形容词性物主代词)________ 11、we(单数)________ 12、they(名词性物主代词)________ 13、I(反身代词)________ 14、you(反身代词)________ 15、she(反身代词)________ 16、he(反身代词)________ 17、it(反身代词)________ 18、I(反身代词)________ (2)选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is(my / I)mother. 2. Nice to meet (your / you). 3.(He / His)name is Mark. 4. What’s(she / her)name? 5. Excuse(me / my / I). 6. Are(your / you)Miss Li? 7.(I/ My)am Ben. 8.(She / Her)is my sister. 9. Fine , thank(your / you). 10. How old is (he / his)? (3)用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. (4)填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊?是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。 (5)用物指代词填空 1. I own(拥有)that cat; that cat is ____ . 2. You own that cat: that cat is ____ .

初中代词语法大全

初中代词语法大全 1、代词的分类:英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、 疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 2、人称代词:人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 1、主格用来作句子的主语、表语。如:I often go shopping on Sundays.(星期天 我常去购物) / Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?) / Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?)/ That’s it.(就那么回事)/ It’s he!(是他!) 2、宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。如:Who teaches you English this year?(今 年谁教你们的英语?) / Help me!(救救我!) / We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信) ) 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也

可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。如:--Who is it?(是谁?)–It’s I/me.(是 我。) 4、三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。如: Both he and I are working at that computer company.(我和他都在那家电脑公 司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我) 5、人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况” 等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词 或者名词性从句。如:--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎 样?)—It’s fine.(天气晴好)/ --What’s the time?(几点啦?)–It’s 12: 00.(12点) / It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路) / It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间)/ It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想 知道这些人什么时候能进入太空) / We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的) 3、物主代词:说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性和名词性两种。

初中英语语法知识—代词的专项训练(1)

一、选择题 1.----Where would you like to go tomorrow, Beijing or Xi'an? ---- is OK. It’s up to you. A.Either B.Neither C.Both D.All 2.—Hi. Jack. Our T-shirts are the same. —Yes, But ________ looks newer. A.his B.yours C.you D.him 3.I ate ______ at lunch because the food was terrible. A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything 4.—Who will send you to the new school, your mum or your dad? —__________, I’ll go there alone. A.Both B.Either C.None D.Neither 5.—Hi, Anna. Are these your sister’s pencils? —Oh, no. They’re not ______. A.her B.him C.hers D.his 6.A new study shows that shouting at children may have the results that go beyond of beating(打)them. A.that B.those C.it D.ones 7.— Is there anything to drink in the fridge? — No, there is _____ left. A.all B.both C.neither D.none 8.-Whose CD is it? -Miss Lee always listens to music. It must be________. A.he B.she C.her D.hers 9.---Who was knocking at the door just now? ---______ was my cousin Andy. A.He B.She C.They D.It 10.His name is James but he calls ________Jim. A.his B.himself C.him D.不填 11.---Can you tell me how to have a good relationship with parents? ---Certainly. If you often talk about your ideas with them, they will talk about with you, too. A.their B.them C.theirs 12.--- Which sweater do you prefer, the red one or the blue one? -- _______. I think I like the green one best. A.Neither B.Both C.Either D.All 13.Be careful and try to make mistakes next time. You will get a better grade. A.few B.fewer C.little D.less 14.The clothes are on sale now. ________ can afford the prices. A.Somebody B.Anybody C.None D.Nobody

初中语法复习 代词

语法复习代词 一、代词的分类: 英语中代词分为:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、关系代词、疑问代词、连接代词和不定代词等等。 二、人称代词 人称代词代替人和事物的名称,分为主格和宾格两种形式。 1、主格用来作句子的主语。 I often go shopping on Sundays. Are they from Brazil? Where have they gone? That’s it. 2、宾格用来做及物动词或者介词的宾语。 Who teaches you English this year? Help me! We often write letters to her. 3、人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。 --Who is it? –It’s I/me. 三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。 Both he and I are working at that computer company. –Who will go there? –You and me. 人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。 --What’s the weather like today?

--It’s fine. --What’s the time? –It’s 12:00. It’s a long way to go. It took him three days to clean his house. It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space. We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well. 三、物主代词: 物主代词用于说明事物所属关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。 1、形容词性物主代词只能作句子中名词的修饰语,后面要跟名词。如: Is that your umbrella? I often go to see my aunt on Sundays. They are their books. 2、名词性物主代词相当于名词,既代替事物又表明所属关系,在句子中往往独立地作主语、宾语或者表语,后面千万不可以跟名词。 This is your cup, but where is mine? Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. 3、“of + 名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格,作定语时放在名词的后面。 A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. [试比较] My friend came to see me yesterday. 四、反身代词: 反身代词表示谓语的动作与主语有关或者宾语补足语的动作与宾语有关。 1、反身代词在句子中作宾语表示反射(指一个动作回到该动作执行者本身)。如: Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself. 2、在句子中作同位语表示强调(即用来强调名词或代词的语气)。 The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well. 五、指示代词: 指示代词指示说明近处或者远处、上文或者下文、以前或者现在的人或事物。 指示代词既可以单独使用做句子的主语、宾语或表语,也可以作定语修饰名词。如:What’s this? That model plane is made of plastic. Remember never to do such things. Do the same as the teacher tells you. --Who is it? --It’s me!

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