最新11规则航海英语听力与会话课文朗读文本资料

航海英语听力与会话朗读(11规则)

本书设计根据交际法教学原则，体现“以学生为主体”，着重培养学生实际应用能力。Warming-up是与主题相关的问题或任务，是交际法听说教学中的Pre-listening阶段，让学生在进入主题学习前做好充分的准备；Reading Aloud是作者精选的朗读内容，供学生锻炼语音语调，拓展语感；Listening分为三部分，听力填空、短对话和长对话。Speaking 也分为三部分，基于听力的会话任务、工作场所会话和主题陈述；Vocabulary Links是该主题的相关拓展词汇。

全书共12个单元。第一单元船上日常用语、第二单元船舶口令；第三单元引航业务；第四单元靠离泊作业；第五单元装卸货业务；第六单元船舶航行；第七单元海上通信；第八单元事故处理；第九单元海上救生；第十单元船舶保养；第十一单元港口国检查；第十二单元船舶保安。

Familiarisation on board

第一单元船上日常用语

Passage 1

Ladies and gentlemen. This is your Captain speaking .I have pleasure in informing you that all Safety equipment is in full working order. The bow and stern doors are closed and secured. The vessel is in all respects ready for sea. Please listen carefully to the safety instructions which follow. In the

unlikely event of an emergency, please obey the orders given on the public address system. Passengers are requested to read all notes and leaflets concerning safety regulations. All regulations concerning the vessel’s routine have to be obeyed. Safety regulations do not permit passengers to enter the following spaces:

: navigating bridge

: engine room

: manoeuvring areas at the front and back end of the vessel

: cargo rooms and compartments

: service rooms

: all areas and spaces marked “Crew only”

: all closed, sealed or roped off areas, spaces and rooms

: car decks when the vessel is at sea

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What is the Captain doing?

2. How should the passengers do in case of emergency?

3. Can you memorise all the spaces that safety regulations do not permit passengers to enter?

Ship Orders

第二单元船舶口令

Passage 2

All wheel orders given should be repeated by the helmsman and the officer of the watch should ensure that they are carried out correctly. All wheel orders should be held until countermanded. The helmsman should report immediately if the vessel does not answer the wheel. When there is concern that the helmsman is inattentive, s/he should be questioned: "What is your heading?" And s/he should respond: "My heading is…degrees." When the officer of the watch requires a course to be steered by compass the direction in which he/she wants the wheel turned should be stated followed by each numeral being said separately including zero. On receipt of an order to steer, the helmsman should repeat it and bring the vessel round steadily to the course ordered. When the vessel is steady on the course ordered, the helmsman is to call out: "Steady on…"The person giving the order should acknowledge the helmsman's reply.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What is the main idea of this short passage?

2. What should the helmsman do if the vessel does not answer the wheel?

Pilotage

第三单元引航业务

Passage 3

The ship's agents will be informed by radio of the estimated time of arrival so that a pilot and tugs may be ordered and a berth arranged. When approaching the port, the vessel should be flying her ensign, signal letters, G flag (I require a pilot) and Q flag (my vessel is healthy, I request free pratique ). As a matter of courtesy, it is usual to fly the merchant ensign of the foreign country at the foremast head. On arrival at the pilot boarding station, pilot ladder, manropes, boat rope, heaving line and lights should be at hand for use as necessary. The pilot on boarding will inform the master of any special arrangement in force regarding pratique or other matters and the vessel will then proceed to the quarantine station.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

2. What should you prepare when your vessel is ready to receive pilot?

Berthing and Unberthing

第四单元靠离泊作业

Passage 4

The widespread misuse of VHF channels at sea, especially the distress, safety and calling Channel 16 and channels used for port operations, ship movement services and reporting systems, is giving concern. Often the misuse of VHF channels causes serious interference to essential communications and becomes a potential danger to safety at sea. The proper use of VHF channels at sea makes an important contribution to navigational safety.

It is important to realize that the transmission and receiving range of VHF signals is limited, in theory, to line of sight. This is because the radio waves of VHF do not morally bend around the curvature of the earth. The range may be affected to some degree by barometric pressure, high pressure and/or increased humidity which often gives greater ranges than normally attained. Another significant

factor in determining range is, generally, the height above sea level of the transmitting and receiving aerials.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

2. What can cause the transmission and receiving range of VHF signals greater?

Loading and Unloading

第五单元装卸货业务

Passage 5

What is the main structure of a ship? The answer is the hull. Within the hull are the tween decks or platform on which the cargo rests. The uppermost platform or the upper deck, covers the holds in which cargo is stowed. It is loaded and discharged either by cranes on the quay or by the ship's derricks. Derricks are operated by winches. The derricks are fitted to masts which stand on the upper deck. The cargo passes into or out of the holds through cargo hatches.

At sea, the captain and navigating officers control the ship from the bridge. The front part of a ship is called the bow and the rear part is the stern. The engine is fitted near

the bottom of the ship in the engine room. The engine drives the propeller at the stern of the ship. The anchors and cables and the windlass are located in the bows of the ship.

The right side of a ship facing the bow is called the starboard side and the other side is the port side. The beam is the greatest width of the ship. The draught is the depth of the ship's bottom or keel below the water surface.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What equipment is used to load and discharge cargo?

2. Can you draw a sketch according to the passage?

Navigation

第六单元船舶航行

Passage 6

Orders to the helmsman, who steers the ship, are given by the officer of the watch. The officer orders the helmsman to turn the wheel (or helm) to port or starboard and steady the ship on the new compass course. It is stated as a compass point. or in three-figure notation in degrees. The helmsman repeats all orders given to him so that the officer knows that his orders have been understood.

When the helmsman has completed his turn at the wheel, he states clearly the course to be steered to the relieving helmsman. He also repeats the course to the officer of the watch when reporting that he has been relieved.

When the ship is on voyage, the wind and waves, as well as the action of the propeller, tend to cause the direction in which the ship heading to change. The helmsman, therefore, must counter the swing of the ship by applying the rudder in the reverse direction of that of the swing of the ship.

Question：

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

2. What should the helmsman completed his turn at the wheel?

3. What can cause the ship change when the ship is on voyage?

Communication at Sea

第七单元海上通信

Passage 7

A VHF-transceiver (transmitter + receiver) transmits and receives radio signals. The VHF is used to bridge short distances, is easy to operate and is allowed to be used both in territorial waters and inland waterways. Its receiver has a "push-to-talk button". If the installation is a "simplex" radio, speaking and listening cannot be done simultaneously. When you wish to speak, you push the button; when you wish to listen, you release it. Before changing from speaking to listening, you say "over".

VHF radio-communication can bridge about 40 miles. MF or HF radiotelephony is used to bridge 150 miles (MF) t0 2000 miles (HF).

Reception of radio signals will not always be of high quality, and coverage will not always ex-tend to the desired areas. This may of course have consequences for the safety of the vessel and her crew. These disadvantages of communication through speech have led to the introduction of Digital Selective Calling in maritime communication.

Answer the following questions according to the

passage you've read:

1. When is VHF used?

2. What does "simplex" mean here?

3. What are the disadvantages of VHF as mentioned in the passage?

Dealing with Piracy and Armed Attack at Sea

第八单元事故处理

Passage 8

Piracy off the coast of Somalia has been a threat to international shipping since the second phase of the Somali Civil War in the early 21st century. Since 2005, many international organizations, including the International Maritime Organization and the World Food Programme, have expressed concern over the rise in acts of piracy. Piracy has impeded the delivery of shipments and increased shipping expenses, costing an estimated ￡10 billion a year in global trade.

Somali pirates have attacked hundreds of vessels in the Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean region, though most attacks do not result in a successful hijacking. In 2008, there were 111 attacks which included 42 successful hijackings.

However, this is only a fraction of the up to 30,000 merchant vessels which pass through that area. The rate of attacks in January and February 2009 was about 10 times higher than during the same period in 2008 and "there have been almost daily attacks in March", with 79 attacks, 21 successful, by mid April. Most of these attacks occur in the Gulf of Aden but the Somali pirates have been increasing their range and have started attacking ships as far south as off the coast of Kenya in the Indian Ocean.

In early May 2010, Russian special forces retook a Russian oil tanker that had been hijacked by 11 pirates. One died in the assault, and a week later Russian military officials reported that the remainder were freed due to weaknesses in international law but died before reaching the Somali coast. On 11 May 2010 Somali pirates seized a Bulgarian-flagged ship in the Gulf of Aden. The Panega, with 15 Bulgarian crew members aboard, was en route from the Red Sea to India or Pakistan. On 15 January 2011 thirteen Somali pirates seized the Samho Jewelry, a Maltese-flagged chemical carrier operated by Samho Shipping, 650km southeast of Muscat.

Answer the following questions according to the

passage you've read.

1. What is this passage about?

2. What negative effects do the Somali pirates bring forth?

3. Can you list an example of the hijacked vessels by the pirates?

Rescue and Survival at Sea

第九单元海上救生

Passage 9

Most fires are small to start with and can often be extinguished by rapid application of a portable extinguisher or other appliances. Where it is possible to do this without risk of becoming trapped by flames or smoke, the person discovering the fire should take such action AFTER sending someone else to raise the alarm.

Greater caution is necessary where smoke is seen passing a closed door. Opening the door could cause the fire to flare up and spread rapidly making it impossible to close the door again. This action should therefore be avoided unless it is believed that there may be someone trapped inside in which case the door should only be opened after

first feeling it make sure it is not hot, and then keeping low and opening it very carefully. If the compartment is thought to be unoccupied or if the door is hot, it is much safer to keep it closed until the Emergency Squad are ready with charged hoses.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. When you see smoke coming out of a closed door, will you open the door and check? Why or why not?

2. In what circumstances will you open the door?

3. Do you have a safer action?

Ship Repair and Maintenance

第十单元船舶保养

Passage 10

There are safety and maintenance procedures for chains and hooks. These procedures are as follows:

(1)Responsible personnel should inspect chains, including the hooks, at least once a month. Chains that are used for heavy and continuous loading require more frequent inspections. Personnel must pay particular attention to the small radius fillets at the neck of hooks for

any deviation from the original inner arc. Each link and hook must be examined for small dents, cracks, sharp nicks or cuts, worn surfaces, and distortions. Those that show any of these weaknesses must he replaced.

(2)Hooks usually fail by straightening. Any deviation from the original inner arc indicated that the hook has been overloaded. Since evidence of overloading the hook is easily detected, it is customary to use a hook weaker than the chain to which it is attached. With this system, distortion of the hook will occur before the chain is overloaded. Severely distorted, cracked, or badly worn hooks are dangerous and should be discarded.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What safety and maintenance procedures for chains and hooks are introduced in the passage?

2. In what conditions should the hook be replaced?

3. What condition indicates the hook has been overloaded?

PSC Inspection

第十一单元港口国检查

Passage 11

Port State Control (PSC) is the inspection of foreign ships in national ports to verify that the condition of the ship and its equipment comply with the requirements of international regulations and that the ship is manned and operated in compliance with these rules.

Many of IMO's most important technical conventions contain provisions for ships to be inspected when they visit foreign ports to ensure that they meet IMO requirements. These inspections were originally intended to be a back up to flag State implementation, but experience has shown that they can be extremely effective, especially if organized on a regional basis. A ship going to a port in one country will normally visit other countries in the region before embarking on its return voyage and it is to everybody's advantage if inspections can be closely coordinated.

This ensures that as many ships as possible are inspected but at the same time prevents ships being delayed by unnecessary inspections. The primary responsibility for ships' standards rests with the flag State—but port State

control provides a "safety net" to catch substandard ships.

IMO has encouraged the establishment of regional port State control organizations and agreements on port state control—Memoranda of Understanding or MoUs—have been signed covering all of the world's oceans, such as Europe and the north Atlantic (Paris MoU) , Asia and the Pacific (Tokyo MoU), etc.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. What ships are targeted for PSC inspection?

2. Where is PSC inspection conducted?

3. Why is the regional cooperation important for PSC inspection?

Ship Security

第十二单元船舶保安

Passage 12

The International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code) is a comprehensive set of measures to enhance the security of ships and port facilities, developed in response to the perceived threats to ships and port facilities in the wake of the 9/11 attacks in the United States. The ISPS

Code is implemented through chapter XI-2 Special measures to enhance maritime security in the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) , 1974.The Code has two parts, one mandatory and one recommendatory.

In essence, the Code takes the approach that ensuring the security of ships and port facilities is a risk management activity and that, to determine what security measures are appropriate, an assessment of the risks must be made in each particular case. The purpose of the Code is Lo provide a standardised, consistent framework for evaluating risk, enabling Governments to offset changes in threat with changes in vulnerability for ships and port facilities through determination of appropriate security levels and corresponding security measures.

Answer the following questions according to the passage you've read:

1. How is ISPS code implemented?

2. How many parts are there in the ISPS code? What are they?

3. What is the purpose of the ISPS code?