一般过去时 过去进行时 被 动语态
一般过去时
一、一般过去时的基本构成
1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were
2、其他动词用过去式的形式
二、一般过去时的基本用法
1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时
间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。
Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday.
② We visited the factory last week.
2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这
类句子中，经常使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。
① When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。
**表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。（强调现在已经不这样了）
Eg I used to get up early in the morning.
3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是
指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。
Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。
（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.）
I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。
（这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病）
4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请
求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过
去，现已不复存在。
Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
（含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
（含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）
5、用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。
Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
②情态动词could, would。
Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？
6、特殊句型：
①It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了”；“该……了”。Eg It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
② It is time that sb. did sth. “时间已迟了”；“早该……了”，
Eg It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
③ would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示“宁愿某人做某事”。Eg I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。
三、小结：
与一般过去时连用的连词有：last night, yesterday, last
week, some years ago, in 1995, the other day, at that time, just
now等.
过去进行时
一、过去进行时的基本构成：
was /were + 现在分词
二、过去进行时的基本用法：
1、过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动
作，常和表示过去时间的状语t hen，at this（that）time，yesterday，at nine，last nigh t等连用。但在不少情况下，没有表示时间的状语，这时需要通过上下文来表示。
Eg What were you doing at nine last night？ 昨晚九点时，你在做什么？
—I called you yesterday afternoon but there was no answer.
昨天下午我打电话给你，但是没有人接电话。
—I was visiting a friend of mine most of the afternoon.
我昨天下午大部分时间，都在一个朋友家里。
We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.
昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。
What was he researching all day last Sunday?
上周日他一整天都在研究什么？
My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself .我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。
It was raining when they left the station.
他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。
When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.
当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。
2、当两个一长一短的动作在过去某时间同时发生时，用过去进
行时表示较长
的动作。过去进行时可用于主句，也可用于从句。
Eg It was raining hard when I left my office. 当我离开办公室时，雨下得正大。
When you called，I was eating. 你打电话时，我正在吃饭。
When I was cleaning the windows， my brother was sweeping the floor.
（当）我在擦窗户的时候，我弟弟在拖地。
Some students were playing football，while others were running round the track.
一些学生在踢足球，同时别的学生正在跑道上跑步。
We were walking along the river when（suddenly） It rained. 我们沿着河边散步，突然下起雨来。
They were watching TV when the lights went out.
停电时，他们刚好在看电视。（注意：同上例）
3、过去进行时表示过去将来的动作
现在进行时可以表示将来的动作，同样，过去进行时也可以表示从过去某
时间看来将要发生的动作。常用在间接引语中。
Eg He was leaving early the next morning. 他第二天一早就要离开此地了。
She asked him whether he was coming back to lunch.
她问他晚饭是否准备回来吃。
4、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发
生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。
Eg While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.
他边等车边看报。 (两个动作都是延续的)
He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.
他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行
被动语态
一、被动语态在各种时态中的结构
一般现在时：be done（be随人称变化）
一般过去时：was/were done
一般将来时：will be done
现在进行时：be being done（前面的be随人称变化，后面的being固定）
过去进行时：was/were being done（being固定）
现在完成时：have/has been done
过去完成时：had been done
过去将来时：would be done
将来完成时：will have been done
将来进行时：will be being done（being固定）
将来完成进行时：will have been being done
现在完成进行时：have been being done
过去将来完成时：would have been done
过去完成进行时：had been being done
过去将来进行时：would be being done
过去将来完成进行时：would have been being done
二、被动语态的基本用法：
被动语态表示一种主语和谓语之间的关系，当主语是动作的承受者时，就需要用到被动语态，汉语中所说的，“汽车被撞坏了”“钢笔被修好了” 等句子就是一种被动语态的句子，在汉语中常用“被”“由”等词来表示这种被动语态。在英语中则用动词的被动语态形式来表示。被动语态中还可用by 短语加在句后表示被动语态中动作的发出者。也就是谓语动词动作的逻辑上的主语，被动语态常用在下列情况。
1、不知道谁是谓语动词动作的执行者时，或者没有必要说出谁是执行者时。
Eg The glass was broken last night. 玻璃昨天被打破了。
His bike has been stolen. 他的自行车被偷了。
He was asked to go there once more. 他被要求再去那儿一次。
The bag was put into the box. 袋子放在了箱子里。
2、为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。
Eg The plan has been sent to the headmaster. 计划已经送给校长了。
Killington was elected the President of U.S.A. 克林顿被选为美国总统。
Five people were hurt in the explosion. 五个人在这次爆炸中受伤。
A new building was set up in a short time. 新大楼短期就建成了。
3、被动语态也可以说出动作的执行者，构成如下：
动作承受者 + be + 过去分词 + by + 动作执行者。
Eg The picture was praised by everybody. 照片得到了大家的好评。
The classroom was cleaned by us. 教室被我们打扫过。
The bridge was built by workers from Shanxi. 这座桥是山西的工人建的。
The little boy was found by the police. 小孩被警察找到了。
三、特殊现象
1、不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态：
appear, die disappear, end (vi. 结束), fail, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand,break
out, come true, fall asleep, keep silence, lose heart, take place.
Eg After the fire, very little remained of my house.
比较： rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。
① (错) The price has been risen. (对) The price has risen.
②(错) The accident was happened last week. (对) The accident happened last week.
③ (错) The price has raised. (对) The price has been raised.
④ (错) Please seat. (对) Please be seated.
要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一
词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。
2、不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：
fit, have, hold, marry, own, wish, cost, notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake
hands with, succeed in, suffer from, happen to, take part in, walk into, belong to
Eg This key just fits the lock.
Your story agrees with what had already been heard.
3、系动词无被动语态：
appear, be become, fall, feel, get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound, stay, taste, turn
Eg It sounds good.
The steel feels cold
The method proved (to be ) effective.
It has gone bad.
4、当宾语是不定式时，很少用于被动语态。
Eg (对) She likes to swim.
(错) To swim is liked by her.
5、“be+过去分词”并不一定都是被动语态，有时是系表结构。当“be+过
去分词”表示动作时为被动语态，be是助动词，be后面的过去分词是主要动词，动作的对象是主语；当“be +过去分词”表示主语所处的状态时为系表结构，be是连系动词。be后面的过去分词是表语，相当于形容词。其区分办法如下：
①如果强调动作或句中有介词by引导出动作的执行者，该句一般为被动
语态，否则为系表结构。
Eg The glass is broken．玻璃杯碎了。（系表结构）
The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。（被动语态）
②．如果句中有地点、频率或时间状语时，一般为被动语态。
Eg The magazine is published in Shanghai．这家杂志出版于上海。（被动
语态）
The door is locked．门锁着。（系表结构）
The door has already/just been locked．门已经/刚刚被锁上。（被动语态）
The shop is opened．这家商店开门了。（系表结构）
The shop is opened at 8 a.m. everyday．这家商店每天上午八点开门。（被动语态
③被动语态除用于一般时态和完成时态外，还可以用于其他各种时态，
而系表结构中的系动词be只有一般时态和完成时态。
Eg The machine is being repaired．机器正在修。
A new school will be built here．这里将要建一所新学校。
6、carry,cut,drive,iron,keep,lock,open,pick,read,sell,shut,tear,wash,wear,write
等等。这类动词既能作及物动词，也能作不及物动词。作不及物动
词时，形式上虽为主动，却表示被动意义。
Eg Meat cuts easily.肉容易切。
His novel sells well. 他的小说畅销。
The car drove easily. 这车很容易开。
Your pen writes quite smoothly. 你的笔写起来很滑。
The coat dries easily 这种外衣容易干
The door won’t lock 这门锁不上
Food can keep fresh in a fridge食物在冰箱里能保鲜
Your speech reads well.你的演说讲得好
在上述句子中，主语通常指物，起动作承受者的作用，也可以说是
不及物动词的逻辑宾语。但是有时也有用人称主语的。
Eg 比较：The girl does not photograph well.这女孩不上像。
The girl has not been photographed well.这女孩的照片没拍好。
7、某些感觉动词的主动态表示被动意义。
Eg This shirt feels much softer than that one.
这件衬衫比那件衬衫摸起来柔软得多
That book smells old. 那本书有一股霉味。
These oranges taste nice. 这些橙子味道很好。
以上这些动词都不能用进行时表示。若用进行时，则表示主动含义。
Eg The child is smelling the paint.小孩正在闻油漆的气味。
8、动词get, come, go之后接过去分词，表示被动意义。get的这种用法局限
于口语和非
正式的书面语言，更强调动作的结果而非动作本身，并常用来表示
突发性的、出乎意
料的偶然事件。而come和go常接含否定意义的过去分词。
Eg After working selflessly in here for several years, Mr Li got promoted at last.
李先生在此地无私地干了好几年，终于得到提升。
They got delayed because of the holiday traffic.由于节日交通阻塞，他们被耽误了。
The buttons on my coat came undone.我上衣的扣子松开了。
The woman’s complaints went unnoticed.那位女士的投诉无人理睬。
9、在need (want, require, deserve, etc.)doing句型中，动名词(doing)相当
于动词不定式的被动式(to be done)，在意思上没有多大差别。
Eg ① The garden needs watering.
The garden needs to be watered.花园需要浇水。
② The problem requires studying with great care.
The problem requires to be studied with great care. 这个问题需要仔细研究。
③ These jobs want doing at once.
These jobs want to be done at once.这些工作需要马上就做。
用法相似的结构还有bear doing, stand doing, be worth doing,习惯不用动词不定式。
Eg That won’t bear thinking of. 那是不堪想象的。
The little girl can’t stand criticizing. 小女孩经不起批评。
The food is not worth eating. 这种饭菜不值一吃。
It”s well worth making the effort to learn how to do it.
很值得花一番功夫去学会怎么做这事。
值得注意的是，在be worth doing句型中，只能用动名词的主动
式，而在be worthy to be done中，才能用动词不定式的被动式，两者不可混淆。
10、在某些性质形容词＋动词不定式的句型中，其动词不定式的主动形
式表示被动意义。（difficult, easy, hard, comfortable, pleasant, fit, unfit, light , heavy, good, safe
, dangerous）
Eg The question is easy to answer.这问题容易回答。
That book is difficult to understand.那本书难懂。
在这种句型结构中，动词不定式和主语的关系实际上是一种逻辑上的动宾关系，可以说是动词不定式作主语变换来的，相当于It”s easy to answer the question.和It”s difficult to understand that book.由于把动词宾语放在主语位置，所以和不定式的关系构成一种被动关系。
11、有些动词不定式不论用主动形式还是被动形式，动词不定式和主语的关系都是被动的。
Eg Nobody was to blame (to be blamed) for the accident.这个事故，谁也不能责怪。
The house is to let (to be let).这房子出租。
There are a lot of books to read (to be read).有许多书要读。
Those cars are to rent (to be rented).那些汽车出租。
12、带双宾语的动词的主动语态与被动语态
谓语动词带双宾语时，既可将间接宾语转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。当用直接宾语作主语时，要根据动词的习惯配
搭，要在间接宾语前补上介词to 或for. (直接宾语指物，间接宾语指人)
give, buy, sell, take, bring, make, hand, pass, keep, send, write, sing, find, mend, read，show等带双宾语的动词，改为被动语态，，它们的句型主要有以下几个：
give sth to sb. = give sb sth. buy sth for sb. = buy sb sth.
sell sth to sb. = sell sb sth. Take sth to sb. = take sb sth.
bring sth to sb. = bring sb sth. make sth for sb. = make sb sth.
hand sth to sb. = hand sb sth. Pass sth to s b. = pass sb sth.
keep sth for sb. = keep sb sth. end sth to sb. = send sb sth.
write sth to sb. = write sb sth. sing sth for sb. = sing sb sth.
find sth for sb. = find sb sth. mend sth for sb. = mend sb sth.
read sth for/to sb. = read sb sth. show sth to sb. = show sb sth. Eg ① He passed me some paper.(主动)
－Some paper was passed to me by him.（被动）
② You must keep some fruit for him.(主动)
－Some fruit must be kept for him.（被动）
③ She gave me a book
－I was given a book
－A book was given to me
13、短语动词变位被动语态
许多有不及物动词和介词，副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，也可以变被动语态。但是短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或者副
词。
Eg We should speak to old men politely
－Old men should be spoken to politely
14、带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态
宾语加上宾语补足语以其构成复合宾语。变被动语态直把宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语保留在原处，变成主语补足语。
Eg I heard Jane playing the piano in her room.
－Jane was heard playing the piano in her room
15、被动语态后动词形式的选择
主动句中在感官动词see, hear, watch, feel ,notice等，及使役动词let, make ,have等后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动语态时，应加上不定式符号to.
Eg ① He makes the girl stay at home
－The girl is made to stay at home
② Last Sunday we heard them sing Peking Opera in the theatre
－They were heard to sing Peking Opera in that theater last Sunday.
一般过去时的被动语态学习三要素
一般过去时的被动语态学习三要素 一、掌握一般过去时的被动语态的概念及构成 一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某一时间的被动动作或过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作，由“主语+ was / were + 及物动词的过去分词+ by + 动作执行者”构成，无需说明动作执行者时可省去“by + 动作执行者”。句中主语就是原主动语态的宾语，动作执行者就是原主动语态的主语。was, were的使用由主语的单复数形式而定，主语为第三人称单数名词、代词或I时用was, 主语为复数名词、代词they或you时用were。如： This bridge was built in October last year. 这座桥是去年十月份建的。 These cakes were made by my mother last night. 这些蛋糕是我妈妈昨天晚上做的。 The girl said she was often beaten by her brother. 女孩说她经常被她兄弟打。 二、掌握一般过去时的被动语态句型的变换方法 一般过去时被动语态句型变换应围绕was, were进行，否定形式应在其后加not, 一般疑问句形式应将其提至句首，特殊疑问句形式应将一般疑问句置于特殊疑问词后面，反意疑问句形式应保留was / were。如： His computer was not stolen by thieves last night. 他的电脑昨天晚上没有被小偷偷走。 Was your homework finished in time yesterday evening? 昨天晚上你及时完成家庭作业了吗？When was your letter written? The day before yesterday? 你的信是什么时候写的？前天吗？Why was this problem not worked out by you? 为什么你没有解出这道试题？ Your bike was not repaired last night, was it? 你的自行车昨晚没有被修理，是吗？ 三、掌握一般过去时的被动语态疑问句的回答方法 一般过去时的被动语态的一般疑问句形式肯定回答用“Yes, ... was / were.”，否定回答用“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”; 特殊疑问句应抓住特殊疑问词进行回答，可用简略方法，也可用完整方法; 反意疑问句也应用“Yes, ... was / were.”或“No, ... wasn’t / weren’t.”进行回答。如： —Was your office cleaned yesterday afternoon? 你的办公室昨天下午打扫了吗？ —Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，打扫了。/ 不，没有打扫。 —Were your rooms painted again last week? 你的房间上周重新粉刷了吗？ —Yes, they were. / No, they weren’t. 是的，重新粉刷了。/ 不，没有重新粉刷。 —When was your brother sent to work in Beijing? 你兄弟是什么时候被派到北京去工作的？—Last year. / He was sent to work in Beijing last year. 去年。/ 他是去年被派到北京工作的。—Where was the party held last Sunday? 上周日聚会在哪儿举行的？ —At home. / It was held at home. 在家里。/ 在家里举行的。 —Your debt was paid off at last, wasn’t it? 你所欠的债最终被还清了，是吗？ —Yes, it was. / No, it wasn’t. 是的，被还清了。/ 不，没有被还清。 1 / 1 天仁集团版权所有禁止转载https://www.360docs.net/doc/3415354910.html,
语法总结--过去进行时(全)
过去进行时（Past Progressive Tense） 过去进行时学习方法 用法： 过去进行时，是表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 一、过去进行时的主要用法是描述一件事发生的背景；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。常用的时间状语when, while例如： 1.My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle . 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来。 2.It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 3.They left the station while it was raining . 天正在下雨的时候他们离开了车站。 4.~ 5.When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳 光灿烂。 二、过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。常用的时间状语：this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, 例如： 1.What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday 昨天晚上九点她在做什么(介词短语表示时 间点) 2.When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) 3.We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在 看电视。 4.What was he researching all day last Sunday 上周日他一整天都在研究什么 三、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如： 1.While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他边等车边看报。(两个动作 都是延续的) 2.( 3.He was cleaning his car while I was cooking. 他擦车时我在做饭。(两个动作同时进行) 四、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(拥有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如： 误：I was knowing the answer. 正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。 误：I wasn't understanding him. 正：I didn't understand him. 我不明白他的意思。 典型例题： 1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger. ，
《过去进行时的被动语态》进阶练习(二)
《过去进行时的被动语态》进阶练习 I. 单项选择 1. The bridge __________ this time last month. Now we can cross it. A. is built B. is building C. was building D. was being built 2. The trees _________ from Monday to Friday last week by us. A. were being planted B. were planting C. were been planted D. will be planted 3. Were the songs _______ those days? A. sing B. sang C. being sung D. being singing II. 句型转换 4. He was teaching his dog a trick then. (改为被动语态) His dog _______ _______ _________ a trick by him then. 5. The article was being written by the little girl. (改为否定句) The article ______ _______ _______ by the little girl.
参考答案 I. 1. D 2. A 3. C II. 4. was being taught 5. w asn’t being written 解析 1. 句意：上个月的这个时候，这座桥还在建设中。现在我们可以从上通行了。根据时间状语可知，要用过去进行时，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，要用被动语态。过去进行时的被动结构为：was/were+being+动词的过去分词。故选D。 2. 句意：上周的周一到周五，我们一直在植树。主语是树，因此要用被动语态。时态为过去进行时。故选A。 3. 句意：那些天这些歌一直在唱。主语是歌，因此要用被动语态。被动语态的构成为be +动词的过去分词。sing的过去分词为sung。故选C。 4. 原句是过去进行时，改为被动语态还要用过去进行时。被动语态的过去进行时结构为：was/were+being+动词的过去分词。故填was being taught。 5. 含有was/were结构的句子改为否定句时，直接在was/were后加not即可。故填wasn’t being written。
一般过去时 过去进行时 被动语态
一般过去时 一、一般过去时的基本构成 1、be动词的一般现在时形式：was , were 2、其他动词用过去式的形式 二、一般过去时的基本用法 1、在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Eg ① He didn't finish his homework yesterday. ② We visited the factory last week. 2、表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。因此在这类句子中，经常 使用always，often，once a month等表示事情发生频度的时间状语。 ① When I was a child, I often played football in the street. ② Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。 **表示过去经常性的、习惯性的动作也可以用used to do 来表示。（强调现在已经不这样了） Eg I used to get up early in the morning. 3、有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动 作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 Eg I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 （因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话之前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.） I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了呢。 （这句话应是在说话之前，我以为你病了。但是现在我知道你没病） 4、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Eg I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。） Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着） Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州） Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years. （含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去） 5、用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。 ①动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。 Eg Did you want anything else? 您还要些什么吗？ I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。 ②情态动词could, would。 Eg Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？ 6、特殊句型： ①It is time for sb. to do sth “到……时间了”；“该……了”。 Eg It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。
过去进行时的用法归纳
过去进行时的用法归纳 过去进行时是英语语法中常用的一种，大家都知道过去进行时要怎么用吗? 特地整理归纳了过去进行时的使用方法，来看看吧。 一、过去进行时的时间状语 1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When/While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。 2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 @ 二、下面几种情况不用一般过去时而要用过去进行时 1. 表示过去某一阶段暂时性的习惯动作时。如： Tom was getting up at six o’clock every day that week. 汤姆那一周里每天都是六点钟起床。 2. 与always连用表示赞美，厌烦等感情色彩时。如： John was always coming to school late. 约翰上学总是迟到。
Lei Feng was always doing good deeds for the people. 雷锋总是为人民做好事。 3. 用来描写故事发生的情景时。如： : It was a dark night. The wind was blowing hard and the rain was falling heavily. A PLA man suddenly appeared on the river bank. He wanted to cross the river.那是一个漆黑的夜晚，风刮得很厉害，雨下得很大，一个解放军战士突然出现在河岸上，他想过河去。 4. when作并列连词，表示“(这时)突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了。 5. go, come, leave, start, arrive等动词可用过去进行时表示过去将来的含义。如： I was leaving for Wuhan that day. 那天我正要去武汉。 She was coming later. 她随后就来。 . 三、过去进行时表示婉转语气 (只限于want, hope, wonder 等动词)，用以提出请求。如： I was wondering if you could help me.
人教版八年级下册第五单元重点语法--过去进行时知识点总结讲解+练习(无答案)
教学内容过去进行时 教学目标1、掌握过去进行时用法，理解其结构，各种语气变形； 2、熟练运用其标志词或词组造句，知其所以然； 3、了解延续性动词与非延续性动词的概念，能很好地将其与when, while结合使用。 教学重难点能做对关于中考中现在完成时考察部分的题目；并运用其写作。 一、定义 1.表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。 He was having breakfast at six o’clock yesterday morning. 2.表示过去某个时间段正在进行的动作。 He was writing stories the whole morning. 二、结构 1.肯定结构：主语+was/were +doing+其它. I was watching TV at eight last night. He was having breakfast at seven this morning. 2.否定结构：主语+was/were +not +doing+其它. I was not watching TV at eight last night. He was not having breakfast at seven this morning. 3.一般疑问句：Was/Were+主语+doing+其它? (1)Were you watching TV at eight last night? Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. (2)Was he having breakfast at seven this morning?
Yes, he was. / No, he wasn’t. 4.特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+doing+其它？ 三、时间标志词 1.at+具体时刻+过去时间(at five last Saturday) 2.at this time+过去时间(at this time yesterday) 3.过去时间段(from nine to ten last evening) 4.at that time/moment 5.when &while引导的过去时间状语从句 考点一现在分词 要点归纳： 动词ing 的基本变化规则 1. __________________, 如do—doing 2.___________________, 如have—having, come—coming 3. __________________________________________________如: shop—shopping, skip—skipping, run--- running 口诀： 停止游泳，___________ _____________ 开始跑步和跳绳，___________ _____________ ___________到达商店购物，___________ _____________ 忘记坐下切蛋糕。__________ _____________ ___________
过去进行时、现在完成时、被动语态
一般现在时 定义 表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作。 构成 +be(am，is are)+动词－ing＋其他 考点 注意具体语境 如：I don’t really work here; I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 过去进行时 定义 表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。 构成 主语+was/were+动词-ing+其他 考点 1．过去进行时明显的时间状语 this morning, the whole morning, from nine to ten last night等等 如：I was doing my homework from six to eight last night. 2．注意具体语境 如：--- I phoned you last night. But there was nobody answers the phone. --- Oh, I was staying at my friend’s home. 3．when & while when可接短暂动词以及延续性动词，while只能接延续性动词，并有对比的含意。 如：The telephone rang when I was sleeping. I was watching TV when my mother came in. I was watching TV while my mother was doing the housework.
现在完成时 定义 现在之前已发生过或完成的动作或状态。 构成 主语+has/have+动词-ed+其他 考点 1．表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 如：I have already seen this film. It’s the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. 2．注意现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时强调的是这一动作对现在产生的影响或者结果等。 一般过去时只表示动作在过去某一时刻发生，不表示和现在的关系。 3．用how long提问时，要用延续性动词 如：How long have you been here? 4．since & for & already & yet since 后加某时间点，表示从某时间点以来。通常前面现在完成时，后面一般过去时。 for 后加时间长度，表示动作已经持续多久。 already 通常跟在have后或句尾，表示“已经”，一般用于肯定句。 yet 通常用于句尾，表示“已经”，一般用于否定、疑问句。 练一小手 1．--- Is this raincoat yours? --- No, mine there behind the door. A．is hanging B．has hung C．hangs D．hung 2．She John with his lessons at this time yesterday. A．was going to help B．was helping C．would help D．has helped 3．I don’t think Jim saw me; he into the sky. A．just stared B．was just staring C．has just stared D．had just stared
一般过去式及被动语态的讲解与练习
一般过去式的构成形式： (1)过去某个特定时间发生，也可以表示(2)过去习惯性的动作。一般过去时不强调动作对现在的影响，只说明过去。 (1) He smoked many cigarettes a day until he gave up. 他没有戒烟的那阵子，抽烟抽得可凶了。 (2) 一般过去时常与表示过去的时间状语或从句连用，如：yesterday, last week, in 1993, at that time, once, during the war, before, a few days ago, when 等等。 注：“过去”的概念并不是只指如“yesterday, last week,…”等，实际上“与现在对立的过去”，亦即“非现在的以前”，哪怕是“过了说话时间的几分钟之前”，只要所要表达的时间与说话时的“现在”形成对立，就必须使用一般过去时来表达。在谈到已死去的人的情况时，多用过去时。 例如： He was here only a few minutes ago.（仅仅几分钟前他还在这里。） I came home just now.（我刚回到家。） I got up very early this morning.（今天早晨我起床很早。） He was late for school again today.（今天他又迟到了。） 补充内容： 1句子中谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于动作是否对现在有影响. Have you had your lunch? 你吃过午饭了吗？（你现在不饿吗？） Yes, I have. 是的，我已经吃过了。（已经吃饱了，不想再吃了。） When did you have it? 你是什么时候吃的？（关心的是吃的动作发生在何时。）I had it about ten minutes ago. 我大约是十分钟以前吃的。 Used to do something 表示过去常做而现在已经停止了的习惯动作。)
初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解
初中英语过去进行时专项语法讲解 (一）定义 过去进行时，是表示过去某个具体时刻正在进行的事情或动作。 （二）结构 was/were +doing (现在分词） （三）用法 1、过去进行时表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如： We were watching TV from seven to nine last night. 昨天晚上七点到九点的时候我们在看电视。 What was he researching all day last Sunday? 上周日他一整天都在研究什么？ My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself. 我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。 It was raining when they left the station. 他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。 When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining. 当我到达山顶的时候，阳光灿烂。 2. 过去进行时可以表示在过去某个时间点发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语、副词或从句来表示。如： What was she doing at nine o'clock yesterday? 昨天晚上九点她在做什么？ (介词短语表示时间点) When I saw him he was decorating his room. 当我看见他的时候他正在装饰房间。 (when从句表示时间点) 3. 在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作都是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。例如：
十六种时态的被动语态
一般现在时：V（含单三） 被动：be P.P = be P.P ●一般过去时及其被动语态 一般过去时：V-ed 被动; be P.P = was/were P.P ●一般将来时及其被动语态 一般将来时：will/shall Vr 被动：be P.P = will/shall be P.P ●现在进行时及其被动语态 现在：V 进行：be V-ing 现在进行时：be V-ing 被动：be P.P = be being P.P
现在：V 完成时：have/has P.P 现在完成时：have/has P.P 被动：be P.P = have/has been P.P ●现在完成进行时及其被动语态 现在：V 完成：have/has P.P 进行：be V-ing 现在完成进行时：have/has been V-ing 被动：be P.P = have/has been being P.P ●过去进行时及其被动语态 过去：V-ed 进行：be V-ing 过去进行时：was/were V-ing 被动：be P.P = was/were being P.P
过去：V-ed 完成：have/has P.P 过去完成时：had P.P 被动：be P.P = had been P.P ●过去完成进行时及其被动语态 过去：V-ed 完成：have/has P.P 进行：be V-ing 过去完成进行时：had been V-ing 被动：be P.P = had been being P.P ●将来进行时及其被动语态 将来：will/shall Vr 进行：be V-ing 将来进行时：will/shall be V-ing 被动：be P.P = will/shall be being P.P
过去进行时的用法(整理版)
一．1. 过去进行时的定义 过去进行时主要表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示过去某一阶段一直在进行的动作。如： I was watching TV at home last night. 昨晚我一直在看电视。 2.过去进行时的结构Was/were doing 二、过去进行时的时间状语 1. when 和while引导的状语从句中，强调某个动作正在进行的过程中时要用进行时态，while 表示一段时间，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： While we were having supper, the light went out. 我们正在吃饭时灯熄灭了。 2. when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的点时间。如：I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 （一）填入以下单词的正确形式 1. It was warm, so I ________off my coat (take). 2. John_________ (take) a photograph of me while I __________(not/look). 3. Jane______________________(wait) for me when I __________(arrive). 4. Sue wasn’t hungry, so she ____________ anything. (eat) 5. It was hard work carrying the bags. They _____________very heavy.(be) （二）选择填空 1. My brother ___ while he ___ his bicycle and hurt himself. A. fell, was riding B. fell, were riding C. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding 2. Tom ___ into the house when no one ___. A. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, looked C. slipped, had looked D. was slipping, looked 3.The last time I __ Jane she ___ cotton in the fields. A. had seen, was picking B. saw, picked C. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking 4.I don’t think Jim saw me; he ___ into space. A. just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared 5.I first met Lisa three years ago. She ___ at a radio shop at the time. A. has worked B. was working C. had been working D. had worked 6.---Hey, look where you are going!---Oh, I’m terribly sorry.________. A. I’m not noticing B. I wasn’t noticing C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice 7. The reporter said that the UFO ___ east to west when he saw it.
(完整版)含情态动词的被动语态
含情态动词的被动语态 【考点链接】 1. —Some of the plastic bags can’t after June 1. —Yes, people will use environmental bags instead. A. use B. be use C. be used D. are used 2. —There is a lot of wind in North China. —Well, more trees every year to stop the wind. A. must be planted B. can planted C. should planted 【结构】情态动词(should/can/must/may/could等) + be + 及物动词的过去分词 【句式】 1. 否定句式：主语+情态动词+not be +及物动词的过去分词。如： The word couldn’t be used this way. 2. 一般疑问句式：情态动词+主语+be+及物动词的过去分词。如： —Should the letter be finished today? —Yes, it should. /No, it shouldn’t. 【跟踪练习】根据要求完成句子。 1. Teenagers should be allowed to play with friends at night. (改为否定句) Teenagers to play with friends at night. 2. The flowers must be watered once a day. (改为一般疑问句) the flowers once a day? 3. Should the classroom be cleaned on time? (作肯定回答) , . 4. Parents should allow children to choose their clothes. (改为被动语态) Children to choose their clothes. 5. The young tree can be planted now. (改为主动语态) We the young tree now.
一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态
Guidance Case for Book 14 Unit5 Part 3被动语态 Class______ Group ________ Name_______ date________ Aims: 1. 学生将能够利用被动语态的基本结构，做会一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态习题。 2. 学生将能够完全掌握被动语态的基本结构。 3. 学生将能够复习一部分不规则动词的过去分词变法。 Steps: 展标---导学---独学---小组活动---课堂检测 Step 1 请根据所给动词和句意思，以其适当形式填空： 1.The new building ________ in two years. (find) 2.Where _______ the trees ______ by you? (plant) 3.When ________ the party _______? (hold) 4.The e-mail _______ to her last night. (send) 5.Girls __________ into four groups yesterday. (divide) 6.Mary _________ many flowers in the garden last year. (plant) 7.Many flowers __________ in the garden last year. (plant) 8.Harry Potter _________ by me for several times in my childhood. (read) 9.English __________ once a week next year. (learn) 10.Your parents _________ me feel happy last night. (make) 11.I ___________ feel happy by your parents. (make) 12.Baby _________ by Justin Bieber. (sing) 13. A new book ________ in the future by Anne. (publish) 14.My parents __________ me a scooter as my birthday present. (give) 15. A scooter __________ me by my parents as my birthday present. (give) 16.Your schoolbag ___________ at home this morning. (forget) 17.My mother __________ to school yesterday. (call) 18.Nothing could _________ if you dream of it all day long. (do) 19.Time _________ by us to do nothing important. (waste) 20.Lin Li _________ his homework with his classmate at school. (do) 21.Many picture _________ by young Tom. (draw) 22.These old photos _________by my dad. (take) 23.The biggest kite which is the highest in the sky _________ by my father. (fly) 24.I _________ to do my homework by myself. (tell) 25.Lily _________ to go home earlier by her mother the day before yesterday. (tell) 26.Good stories _________ by old people. (tell) 27.What __________ on the ground? (put) 28._________ song _________ by Lucy at the party? 29.Where _________ the book ________ by you? (hide) 30.Whose schoolbag ____________ at school? (leave) Step 2单项选择： 1.English __________ well by Zhang Fang. A.is speak B. was spoken C. was spoke D. is spoke 2.This photo _________ in 1997 in Beijing University by my teacher. A.is taken B. be taken C. was taken D. was took 3.My Chinese book _________ to Tom the day before yesterday. A.was lent B. was lended C. was borrowed D. is borrowed
(英语)英语过去进行时练习题含答案及解析
（英语）英语过去进行时练习题含答案及解析 一、单项选择过去进行时 1．—David, are you listening to me? —Sorry, Dad. I ________ to make sense of what the reporter said. A．was trying B．have tried C．am trying D．tried 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态：句意：--大卫，你在听吗？--对不起，爸爸，我在想理解记者说的话。说明大卫刚刚正在想理解记者说的话，用过去进行时。选A。 考点：考查时态 点评：时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态，在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。 2．–What did you say? --So you _____________ to me. A．won’t listen B．didn’t listen C．haven’t listened D．weren’t listening 【答案】D 【解析】 考查时态。根据上下文可知是指刚才你没有在听我说话。句意：—你说什么？—那么你刚才没有在听我说话！ 3．Tom __________ into the house when no one __________. A．slipped; was looking B．slipped; had looked C．had slipped; looked D．was slipping; looked 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查时态。根据句意可知，这是表示“在一个动作发生的过程中，发生了另外一件事情”，所以后面的用进行时态，前面用一般过去时态。句意：Tom 在没有注意的时候，溜进了屋里。故A正确。 考点：考查时态 4．—I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.
被动语态的用法
被动语态的用法 学习被动语态的几个问题 被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子中的主语是动作的承受者，汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意 义。 1. 被动语态的各种时态 被动语态（The Passive Voice）是动词的一种形式，表示主语是谓语动词的承受者。被动语态便于论述客观事实，故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍以及景物描写。被动语态没有将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时形式。 1）一般现在时The boy is called Johnson. 2）一般过去时Where were you educated? 3）一般将来时The result will not be announced until 6 o’clock. 4）现在进行时The road is being repaired. 5）过去进行时He was being looked after by his sister. 6）现在完成时She hasn’t been told about it yet. 7）过去完成时She told me that the factory had been closed down. 8）将来完成时This project will have been completed by the end of this year. 2. 主动语态变被动语态需要注意的几个问题. （1）时态保持一致。 The teacher punished him many times for his lateness. He has been punished many times for his lateness. （2）谓语为动词短语的被动语态不能丢掉动词短语的介词或副词。 His best friend often looks after him. 被动语态He is often looked after by his best friend. （3）主动语态中若有双宾语,将其中一个宾语变为被动句的主语,另一个宾语不变。动词make/buy/mend/get用for;动词give/show/pass/send/lend/bring/take用to) Vivian gave me a book. (被动1) I was given a book by Vivian. (被动2) A book was given to me by Vivian. （4）主动语态若有复合宾语，（即句子结构为主＋Vt＋宾＋宾补），将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。 They call him Louis. 被动语态:He is called Louis. （5）主动语态句中动词make, have, let(使sb做sth), notice. see. watch, look at, hear, listen to,