各种时态的用法
各种时态的用法
一、一般现在时
构成：a．主动：动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s/es）；be动词要用am，is，are。
b．被动：am / is / are + 过去分词
用法：
①一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day, night, week, month, year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如：
I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我6点去上学。
②一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如：
Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。
The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。
注意：此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：
I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。
③一般现在时表示格言或警句。如：
Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。
④一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态，常跟时间副词now连用。如：
I am a teacher.
Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well.
He lives in Beijing now,
⑤以here，there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。如：
Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming.
There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing.
⑥习惯性的爱好或行为。如：
I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。
We get up at six.
⑦在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如：
They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。
The paper says the disease is under control.
报纸上说这种病已经得到了控制。
The diagram tells us that people’s living is improving.
这份图标告诉我们，人们的生活正在改善。
⑧在下列情况下表示将来：
a．在（时间、条件等）状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：
I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就会交给他。
He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。
Suppose he doesn’t agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，那怎么办？
I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。
He will continue the work no matter what happens.
不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。
b．在the more…the more…（越…越…）句型中，前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将
来时，因为前者相当于条件状语从句。如：
The harder you study, the better results you will get.
你学习越努力，成绩就越好。
c．在make sure(certain), see to it, mind, care, matter后的宾语从句的谓语动词用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：
See to it that you are not late again. 注意，别再迟到了。
d．表示按计划或时间表将要发生的动作，并且一定要做的事情。通常有时间状语。如： The plane takes off at 11:30 and arrives in Shanghai at 1:20.
飞机十一点半起飞，一点二十分抵达上海。
注：只限于少数动词能这样用，如begin, start, end, finish, stop, go, come, leave, sail, arrive, return, close, open等。
二、一般过去时
构成：a.主动：过去式（动词原形后加ed/d或不规则变化）
b.被动：was/were + 过去分词
用法：
①表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态，常与yesterday, last week, in 1978, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。如：
He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。
What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么？
②在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。如：
We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。
注：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用used to和would。如：
He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us.
每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。
③表示主语过去的特征或性格。如：
At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。
④用在状语从句中表示过去将来。如：
He said he would wait until they came back. 他说他会等他们回来。
⑤一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与want，hope，wonder，think，intend等动词连用，使语气更为委婉。如：
I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。
有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。如：
I didn’t know you were here. 没想到你在这里。
注意：
1.表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用and连接。如： He hoped the door, rushed out and then disappointed.
他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。
2.注意在语境中理解“我刚才/原来还不…”。如：
-- Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it.
请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。
-- It’s 2566666.
三、一般将来时
用法：一般将来时表示将来发生的事。常与tomorrow，next year等时间状语连用。
构成：通常有以下七种方式表示将来，注意它们各自的区别。
①由will加动词原形构成，当主语是第一人称时，也可以用shall加动词原形。如：
Telephone me this evening, I’ll be at home.
I’ll (shall/will) do a better job next time. 下次我要干得好些。
a. will还可用来表示同意或“不能”。如：
-- Come and see me tomorrow. 明天来找我。
-- Yes, I will.
-- Don’t be late.
-- No, I won’t.
The car won’t start. 车开不了了。（表功能）
Oil and water will not mix. 油和水没法混在一起。
b. 表示临时的决定，只能用will加动词原形。如：
-- You’ve left the light on. 你忘记关灯了。
-- Oh, so I have. I’ll go and turn it off. 啊！那我去关。
c. 在“祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句”句型中，陈述句中只能用will或情态动词加动词原形。如：
Work hard, and you will pass the exam.
d. 在条件句中表示将来不用will，而用一般现在时、be going to（打算），或be to（为人所控制的动作）等。若你见到在条件句中用了will，那will就是表示“愿意”的情态动词。如：
Let her do that if she will. 如果她愿意，就让她那样做。
被动：will/shall + be + 过去分词
①am/is/are going to + 动词原形，表示主语的意图或打算将来做的事。如：
What are you going to do tomorrow?
The play is going to be produced next month.
注意：已有迹象表明将要发生的事，只能用am/is/are going to + 动词原形。如：
Look at the dark clouds, it’s going to rain. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。
被动：am/is/are + going to + be + 过去分词
②am/is/are + to do仅用于表示正式的公务安排、公共指示、义务、禁止、命令、注定要发生某事等。如：
You’re to deliver these flowers before 10. 你在十点之前把这些花送去。
You are to (=should) report to the police. 你应该报警的。
You’re not to (=mustn’t ) tell him anything about our plans.
你不要把我们的计划透露给他。
注意：
a．这与不定式作表语不同：My idea is to go there today. 我的意思是今天就去那里。b．be to强调客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to则强调主观的打算或计划。
被动：am/is/are + to be +过去分词
③am/is/are about to + 动词原形，表示即将或马上要做的事。如：
He is about to leave for Beijing.
注意：be about to do 不嫩与表示将来时间的状语连用。
被动：am/is/are + about + to be + 过去分词
④am/is/are on the point of + V-ing，表示“就要做某事”，也不能与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：
Look! They’re on the point of starting! 看！他们就要开始了！
⑤一般现在时表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。如：
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。
⑥现在进行时表示将来，主要用于go，come，leave，start等表示去向的短暂性动词。如：I’m leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。
四、过去将来时
用法：过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看将要发生的事情。
构成：a．主动：would，was/were going to, was/were to, was/were about to + 动词原形或was/were on the point of + 动名词
b．被动：would, was/were going to, was/were to, was/were about to be + 过去分词
I knew you would agree.
I said I would arrange everything.
注意：在过去将来时中，所有人称都用would，尤其在口语中。只有个别情况才用should。如：
We knew we should win. 我知道我们会赢。
I told her that I was leaving soon. 我告诉她我们很快就要离开。
We were to have been married last year. 我们本来打算去年结婚的。
When we arrived, the train was just going to start. 我们到达时，火车正要启动。
I was about to leave when the telephone rang. 我正要离开，电话铃响了。
I was on the point of going when you came in. 我正要出去你来了。
The talk was due to last for three days. 会议将进行三天。
五、现在进行时
构成：a．主动：am/is/are + 现在分词
b．被动：am/is/are + being + 过去分词
用法：
①表示此时此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作。如：
They’re having a meeting. 他们正在开会。
I’m studying at an evening school. 我在上夜校。
②表示计划或安排好了的将来动作，常与一个表示将来的时间状语连用。如：
Mike is coming home on Thursday.
They’re having a party next week.
注：表示安排将要做的事，人作主语宜用现在进行时，事物作主语，宜用一般现在时。试比较：
I’m not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。（不宜说I don’t）
The concert starts at 7:30. 音乐会七点半开始。
③现在进行时与always, often, forever等连用表示赞扬、厌烦等语气。如：
You’re always interrupting me! 你老打断我的话！（抱怨）
My father is always losing his car keys. 我爸老丢车钥匙。（不满）
She’s always helping people. 她总是帮助别人。（赞扬）
④现在进行时在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。如：
He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise.
注意：像be, think, understand, love, have, own, see, hear, find, belong to等静态动词通常不用于进行时。
六、过去进行时
构成：a．主动：was/were + 现在分词
b．被动：was/were + being + 过去分词
用法：
①表示在过去某一时刻或某一阶段正在发生的动作。如：
What were you doing this time yesterday?
During the summer of 1999 she was travelling in Europe.
②表示过去将来，多用于go，come，leave，start，take off等动词。如：
He said he was leaving for home in a day or two.
他说他一两天之内就动身回家了。
③表示过去的经常动作，常与always，forever等连用，略带感情色彩。如：
She was always thinking of others. 她老是想到别人。（赞扬）
She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。（厌烦）
④表示某个短暂性动作发生的背景。如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。如：
I was reading the newspaper when the doorbell rang.
我正在看报，突然门铃响了。
Jim burnt his hand when he was cooking the dinner.
吉姆做饭时把手烫了。
I met Diana while I was shopping this morning.
我今早买东西时碰到了戴安娜。
⑤表示两个同时持续的动作。如：
I was doing my homework while he was listening to music.
⑥过去进行时可以表示客气的语气。如：（对现在表委婉的请求）
I was wondering if you could give me a lift.
不知我可否顺便搭你的车。
七、将来进行时
构成：a 主动：will be doing b 被动：无
用法：
①将来进行时表示在将来某个时间正在发生的动作。如：
At this time tomorrow, I’ll be taking a test.
This time next week I’ll be lying on the beach.
Don’t phone me between 7 and 8 p.m. We’ll be having dinner then.
②将来进行时表示安排将要做的事，与现在进行时有时可互换。如：
We’ll be spending the winter in Australia. 我们将在澳大利亚过冬。
We’re spending the winter in Australia.
注意：为避免will给人误以为是表示“意愿”的情态动词，口语中表示单纯的将来时常用将来进行时。如：
Mary won’t pay this bill. 玛丽不肯付这笔钱。（表示意愿）
Mary won’t be paying this bill. 不会由玛丽来付钱。（单纯谈未来情况）
八、现在完成时
构成： a 主动： have/has + 过去分词 b 被动： have/has + been + 过去分词
用法：
①表示到现在为止已发生或完成的动作，其结果的影响现在依然存在。有时与just, already, yet, recently, before, twice, three times等时间状语连用。如：
I have seen the film already. 我已经看过那部电影了。（现在我知道电影的内容了。） Have you seen my bag? 你看到我的手提包了吗？（你知道它在哪里吗？）
注意：
a．现在完成时不与yesterday, last week, two days ago, in 1978, just now, when 等表示具体的过去的状语连用。
b．一般过去时只强调在过去发生过某事或关注的是动作发生的时间、地点、方式等；而现在完成时则强调过去的动作对现在的影响，因此，若现在影响并不存在时就不能用现在完成时了。
如：I have closed the door.那门现在也是关着的，若被风吹开了，就只能说I closed the door.了。
②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常与“since + 时间点”，“for + 时间段”，及how long,(ever)since【自那以后】, ever【曾经】, before, so far【到目前为止】, in/during/over the last/past few years【在过去几年内】, up to now【到目前为止】, till now等时间状语连用。如：
She has been a dancer for ten years. 她已当了十年的舞蹈演员了。
We’ve planted thousands of trees in the past few years.
过去几年我们种了成千上万棵树。
So far there has been no bad news. 到现在为止还没有什么坏消息。
They’ve lived here since 1978. 从1978年起她们就在这里住了。
I saw Julia in April and I haven’t seen her since.
我四月份见到朱莉亚，从那之后就没见到她了。
注意：非延续性动词leave, arrive, come, go, return, join, die, buy, borrow等的完成时，在肯定句中不能与for或since等引导的时间段连用。但其在否定句中是可与这类时间状语连用的。如：I haven’t met him for two years. 我两年没有遇见他了。
③用于This/That/It is the first(second…) time that…（引导定语从句，现在完成时）句型中。如：
It is the first time that I have visited your beautiful city.
这是我第一次参观这个美丽的城市。
④用于This/That/It is + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词 + that…（后接现在完成时）句型中。如：
That’s the most interesting book I’ve ever read. 这是我看过的最有意思的书。补： It is high/about time that sb. did sth. /sb. should do sth.
九、过去完成时
构成：a．主动：had + 过去分词 b．被动：had been + 过去分词
用法：
①表示在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。如：
She said she had never been to Paris.
When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.
By the time he was twelve, Edison had begun to make a living by himself.
注意：过去完成时是一种相对时态，一定要有一个作参考的过去时间或过去动作作比较，否则，就不能用过去完成时。但下列3种情况虽然有先后发生的两个过去动词，却同用一般过去时：
a.先后发生的一系列动作，但并不强调先后时，最后两个动词用then，and，but等连接。如：
On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin.
星期六下午，格林夫人去了市场，买了些香蕉，然后去看望了她的表姐。
b.两个动作是紧接着发生的，可用一般过去时。如：
When I heard the news, I was very excited.
c.叙述历史事实，可用一般过去时。如：
Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.
我们老师告诉我们哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。
②表示从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到另一过去时刻的动作或状态。跟现在完成时一样，也常与how long, for three days, before等表示一段时间的状语连用。如：
When Jack arrived he learned Mary had been away for almost an hour.
当杰克到来时，他才了解到玛丽已经离开差不多一个小时了。
③表示未曾实现的希望或打算。表示希望或打算的动词，如hope, want, expect, think, suppose, plan, mean, intend等的过去完成时，后接不定式to do时，表示过去未曾实现的希望或打算，即“本来希望或打算做某事（但却没做）”。如：
I had hoped to send him a Christmas card, but I forget to do so.
我本来希望寄给他一张圣诞卡片的，但我忘了寄了。
I had intended to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn’t get away. 昨晚我本想去看你的，但有人来了我走不开。
④用于下列4个特俗句型中：
a. hardly/scarcely/rarely/barely…when(before)…
no sooner…（过去完成时）than…（一般过去时）
Hardly had I entered the classroom when I found Tom was sleeping.
b. It/That/This was the first/second/third/last（序数词） + time that…
c. It was + 时间段 + since…（过去完成时）
d. …than sb. had thought/expected/hoped/wanted等。
Hardly had I opened the door when he told me. 我刚开开门，他就告诉我了。
He had no sooner bought the car than he sold it. 他刚买了车就卖了。
It was the second time he had been out with her. 这是他第二次和她出去。
It was more than a year now since he had seen her. 从他上次见她以来已一年。 We arrived earlier than we had expected. 我们到得比预计的早。
十、现在完成进行时
构成：a.主动：have/has been + 现在分词 b.被动：无
用法：
①现在完成进行时表示从一个过去开始，现在仍在继续中的动作；或一个过去开始、现在刚刚结束的动作。如：
I’ve been waiting for an hour and he still hasn’t turned up.
I’m so sorry. I’m late. Have you been waiting long?
②用现在完成时表示的反复的动作，有时可以作为连续的动作用现在完成时表示：
I’ve written six letters since breakfast. 早饭后我已经写了六封信。
I’ve been writing letters since breakfast. 早饭后我一直在写信。
I have knocked five times. I don’t think anyone’s in.
I’ve been knocking. I don’t think anybody’s in.
谓语动词练习（时态和语态）
2011年高考
1. Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they ___ from China.
A. receive
B. are receiving
C. have received
D. had received
2. ---What do you think of store shopping in the future?
---Personally, I think it will exist along with home shopping but ___.
A. will never replace
B. would never replace
C. will never be replaced
D. would never be replaced
3. ---I didn’t ask for the name list. Why ___ on my desk?
---I put it here just now in case you needed it.
A. does it land
B. has it landed
C. will it land
D. had it landed
4. Experiments of this kind ___ in both the U.S. and Europe well before the Second World War.
A. have conducted
B. have been conducted
C. had conducted
D. had been conducted
5. Tom ___ in the library every night over the last three months.
A. works
B. worked
C. has been working
D. had been working
6. ---That must have been a long trip.
---Yeah, it ___ us a whole week to get there.
A. takes
B. has taken
C. took
D. was taking
7. ---Bob has gone to California?
---Oh, can you tell me when he ___?
A. has left
B. left
C. is leaving
D. would leave
8. That piece of music sounds quite familiar. Who ___ the piano upstairs?
A. has played
B. played
C. plays
D. is playing
9. Look at the pride on Tom’s face. He ___ to have been praised by the manager just now.
A. seemed
B. seems
C. had seemed
D. is seeming
10. In the last few years thousands of films ___ all over the world.
A. have produced
B. have been produced
C. are producing
D. are being producing
11. On the next birthday, Ann ___ married for twenty years.
A. is
B. has been
C. will be
D. will have been
12. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ___ into the office during the night.
A. broke
B. had broken
C. has broken
D. was breaking
13. ---Joan, what ___ in your hand?
---Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.
A. had you held
B. are you holding
C. do you hold
D. will you hold
14. In 1492, Columbus ___ on one of the Bahama Islands, but he mistook if for an island off India.
A. lands
B. landed
C. has landed
D. had landed
15. It is the most instructive lecture that I ___ since I came to this school.
A. attended
B. had attended
C. am attending
D. have attended
16. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology ___ by science.
A. are making
B. are made
C. will make
D. will be made
17. When I got on the bus, I ___ I had left my wallet at home.
A. was realizing
B. realized
C. have realized
D. would realize
18. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the children ___ everything.
A. had been eating
B. had eaten
C. have eaten
D. have been eating
19. All visitors to this village ___ with kindness.
A. treat
B. are treated
C. are treating
D. had been treated
20. ---What a mistake!
---Yes. I ___ his doing it another way, but without success.
A. was suggesting
B. will suggest
C. would suggest
D. had suggested
21. The manager was worried about the press conference his assistant ___ in his place but, luckily, everything was going on smoothly.
A. gave
B. gives
C. was giving
D. had given
22. I’ll go to the library as soon as I finish what I ___.
A. was doing
B. am doing
C. have done
D. had been doing
23. By the time Jack returned home from England, his son ___ from college.
A. graduated
B. has graduated
C. had been graduated
D. had graduated
24. ---I hear you ___ in a pub. What’s it like?
---Well, it’s very hard work and I’m always tired, but I don’t mind.
A. are working
B. will working
C. were working
D. will be working
25. ---Tommy is planning to buy a car.
---I know. By next month, he ___ enough for a used one.
A. saves
B. saved
C. will save
D. will have saved
26. I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he ___ polite.
A. was just being
B. will just be
C. had just been
D. would just be
27. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ___ there.
A. had been lying
B. has been lying
C. was lying
D. has lain
28. If you don’t like the drink you ___, just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered
B. are ordering
C. will order
D. had ordered
29. His first novel ___ good reviews since it came out last month.
A. receives
B. is receiving
C. will receive
D. has received
30. After getting lost in a storm, a member of the navy team ___ four days later.
A. rescued
B. was rescued
C. has rescued
D. had been rescued
31. Did you predict that many students ___ up for the dance competition?
A. would sign
B. signed
C. have signed
D. had signed
32. I’m sure you will do better in the test because you ___ so hard this year.
A. studied
B. had studied
C. will study
D. have been studying
33. A lot of people often forget that oral exams ___ to test our communicative ability.
A. design
B. are designed
C. are designing
D. are being designed
2010年高考
1. ---Have you finished reading Jane Eyre?
---No, I ___ my homework all day yesterday.
A. was doing
B. would do
C. had done
D. do
2. When you are home, give a call to let me know you ___ safely.
A. are arriving
B. had arrived
C. had arrived
D. will arrive
3. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune ___.
A. is made
B. would make
C. was to be made
D. had made
4. Linda, make sure the tables ___ before the guests arrive.
A. be set
B. set
C. are set
D. are setting
5. Excuse me. I ___ I was blocking your way.
A. didn’t realize
B. don’t realize
C. haven’t realized
D. wasn’t realizing
6. Bob would have helped us yesterday, but he ___.
A. was busy
B. is busy
C. had been busy
D. will be busy
7. ---Were you surprised by the ending of the film?
---No, I ___ the book, so I already knew the story.
A. was reading
B. had read
C. am reading
D. have read
8. ---We’ve spent too much money recently.
---Well, it isn’t surprising. Our friends and relatives ___ around all the time.
A. are coming
B. had come
C. were coming
D. have been coming
9. In the spoken English of some areas in the US, the “r” sounds at the end of the words ___.
A. are dropped
B. drop
C. are being dropped
D. have dropped
10. ---I’m not finished with my dinner yet.
---But our friends ___ for us.
A. will wait
B. wait
C. have waited
D. are waiting
11. ---I’m sorry, but I don’t quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?
---Sorry, I ___ myself clear. We want to return on October 20.
A. hadn’t made
B. wouldn’t make
C. don’t make
D. haven’t made
12. It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they ___ for me.
A. had done
B. did
C. would do
D. were doing
13. Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they ___ before leaving their hometowns.
A. promised
B. were promised
C. have promised
D. have been promised
14. ---Guess what, we’ve got our visas for a short-term visit to the UK this summer.
---How nice! You ___ a different culture then.
A. will be experiencing
B. have experiencing
C. have been experiencing
D. will have experienced
15. This coastal area ___ a national wildlife reserve last year.
A. was named
B. named
C. is named
D. names
16. I was just going to cut my rose bushed but someone ___ it. Was it you?
A. has done
B. had done
C. would do
D. will do
17. I walked slowly through the market, where people ___ all kinds of fruits and vegetables. I studied the prices carefully and bought what I needed.
A. sell
B. were selling
C. had sold
D. have sold
18. I’m tired out. I ___ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A. shopped
B. have shopped
C. had shopped
D. have been shopping
19. ---Why, Jack, you look so tired!
---Well, I ___ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A. was painting
B. will be painting
C. have painted
D. have been painted
20. ---Peter, where did you guys go for the summer vacation?
---We ___ busy with our work for months, so we went to the beach to relax ourselves.
A. were
B. have been
C. had been
D. will be
21. Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ___ since her marriage to Father.
A. shoulders
B. shouldered
C. is shouldering
D. has been shouldering
22. Joseph ___ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.
A. has been going
B. went
C. goes
D. has gone
23. I ___ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.
A. will do
B. do
C. am doing
D. had done
24. Up to now, the program ___ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
A. would save
B. saves
C. had saved
D. has saved
25. If we ___ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting.
A. take
B. had taken
C. took
D. have taken
26. I have to see the doctor because I ___ a lot lately.
A. have been coughing
B. had coughed
C. coughed
D. cough
27. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only of the women who ___ evening dress.
A. wear
B. wears
C. has worn
D. have worn
28. ---When shall we restart our business?
---Not until we ___ our plan.
A. will finish
B. are finishing
C. are to finish
D. have finished
29. You’ve failed to do what you ___ to and I’m afraid the teacher will blame you.
A. will expect
B. will be expected
C. expected
D. were expected
30. We ___ on this project for four hours. Let’s have a rest.
A. are working
B. have been working
C. worked
D. had worked
31. The book has been translated into thirty languages since it ___ on the market in 1973.
A. had come
B. has come
C. came
D. comes
32. The place caught fires three times in the last century, and little of the original building ___ now.
A. remains
B. is remained
C. is remaining
D. has been remained
33. ---Why do you want to work for our company?
---This is the job that I ___ for.
A. looked
B. am to look
C. had looked
D. have been looking
34. If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring, you ___ fresh watermelon in the fall.
A. eat
B. would eat
C. have eaten
D. will be eating
35. For many years, people ___ electric ears. However, making them has been more difficult than predicted.
A. had dreamed of
B. have dreamed of
C. dreamed of
D. dream of
36. Every few years, the coal workers ___ their lungs X-rayed to ensure their health.
A. are having
B. have
C. have had
D. had had
37. The church tower which ___ will be open to tourists soon. The work is almost finished.
A. has restored
B. has been restored
C. is restoring
D. is being restored
38. We ___ on our project day and night in the past two weeks.
A. had worked
B. have worked
C. will be working
D. has been worked
39. The employees ___ that they should renew their contracts within a week.
A. advise
B. have advised
C. are advised
D. had been advised
40. The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not ___ specific qualifications.
A. requiring
B. to be required
C. being required
D. to have required
2009年高考
1. ---You speak very good French!
---Thanks. I ___ French in Sichuan University for four years.
A. studied
B. study
C. was studying
D. had studied
2. ---Ann is in hospital.
---Oh, really? I ___ know. I ___ go and visit her.
A. didn’t; am going to
B. don’t; would
C. don’t; will
D. didn’t; will
3. ---Hi, Terry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?
---Sorry. ____.
A. It’s repaired
B. It has been repaired
C. It’s being repaired
D. It had been repaired
4. His sister left home in 1998, and ___ since.
A. had not been heard of
B. has not been heard of
C. had not heard of
D. has not heard of
5. Edward, you play so well. But I ___ you played the piano.
A. didn’t know
B. hadn’t known
C. don’t know
D. haven’t known
6. This is the first time we ___ a film in the cinema together as a family.
A. see
B. had seen
C. saw
D. have seen
7. According to the literary review, Shakespeare ___ his charities live through their language in his plays.
A. will make
B. had made
C. was making
D. makes
8. When he ___ the door, he found his keys were nowhere.
A. would open
B. opened
C. had opened
D. was to open
9. Over the past decades, sea ice ___ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
A. had decreased
B. decreased
C. has been decreasing
D. is decreasing
10. ---What do you think of the movie?
---It’s fantastic. The only pity is that I ___ the beginning of it.
A. missed
B. had missed
C. miss
D. would miss
11. Progress ___ so far very good and we are sure that the work will be finished on time.
A. was
B. had been
C. has been
D. will be
12. She stared at the painting, wondering where she ___ it.
A. saw
B. has seen
C. sees
D. had seen
13. ---I’ve got to go now.
---Must you? I ___ you could stay for dinner with us.
A. B. C. D.
14. Professor Williams keeps telling his students that the future ___ to the well-educated.
A. belongs
B. is belonged
C. is belonging
D. will be belonged
15. My parents ___ in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else.
A. live
B. lived
C. were living
D. will live
16. Scientists have many theories about how the universe ___ into being.
A. came
B. was coming
C. had come
D. would come
17. But for the help of my English teacher, I ___ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.
A. would not win
B. would not have won
C. would win
D. would have won
18. When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we ___ up, her voice had been full of life.
A. were hanging
B. had hung
C. hung
D. would hang
19. John was given the same suitcase his father and grandfather ___ with them to school.
A. took
B. had taken
C. were taking
D. would take
20. Would you please keep silent? The weather report ___ and I want to listen.
A. is broadcast
B. is being broadcast
C. has been broadcast
D. had been broadcast
21. ---The food here is nice enough.
---My friend ___ me a right place.
A. introduces
B. introduced
C. had introduced
D. was introducing
22. ---What is the price of petrol these days?
---Oh, it ___ sharply since last month.
A. is raised
B. has risen
C. has arisen
D. is increased
23. ---Do you want a lift home?
---It’s very kind of you, but I have to work late in the office. I overslept this morning because my alarm clock ___.
A. doesn’t go off
B. won’t go off
C. wasn’t going off
D. didn’t go off
24. Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ___ all day. Could you speak to her now?
A. phones
B. has phoned
C. has been phoning
D. phoned
25. My parents have promised to come to see me before I ___ for Africa.
A. have left
B. leave
C. left
D. will have
26. I was out of town at the time, so I don’t know exactly how it ___.
A. was happening
B. happened
C. happens
D. has happened
27. The way the guests ___ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
A. treated
B. were treated
C. would treat
D. would be treated
28. Daniel’s family ___ their holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
A. are enjoying
B. are to enjoy
C. will enjoy
D. will be enjoying
29. But for their help, we ___ the program in time.
A. can not finish
B. will not finish
C. had not finished
D. could not have finished
30. ---Why don’t we choose that road to save time?
---The bridge to it ___.
A. has repaired
B. is repaired
C. is being repaired
D. will be repaired
31. Mary went to the box office at lunch time, but all the tickets ___ out.
A. would sell
B. had sold
C. have sold
D. was selling
32. During the period of recent terrorist activities, people ___ not to touch any unattended bag.
A. had always been warned
B. were always being warned
C. are always warning
D. always warned
2008年高考
1. So far this year we ___ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.
A. saw
B. see
C. had seen
D. have seen
2. The moment I got home, I found I ___ my jacket on the playground.
A. had left
B. left
C. have left
D. was leaving
3. ---Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?
---Terry? Never! She ___ tents and fresh air!
A. has hated
B. hated
C. will hate
D. hates
4. Though we don’t know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic ___.
A. had changed
B. will change
C. was changed
D. would meet
5. Judy is going to marry the sailor she ___ in Rome last year.
A. meets
B. met
C. has met
D. would meet
6. Teenagers ___ their health because they play computer games too much.
A. have damaged
B. are damaging
C. damaged
D. will damage
7. ---I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
---I think so. He ___ for it for months.
A. is preparing
B. was preparing
C. had been preparing
D. has been preparing
8. He ___ football regularly for many years when he was young.
A. was playing
B. played
C. has played
D. had played
9. The telephone ___, but by the time I got indoors, it stopped.
A. had rung
B. was ringing
C. rings
D. has rung
10. By the time he realizes he ___ into a trap, it’ll be too late for him to do anything about it.
A. walks
B. walked
C. has walked
D. had walked
11. If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic. But it ___ all day.
A. rained
B. rains
C. has rained
D. is raining
12. If their marketing plans succeed, they ___ their sales by 20 percent.
A. will increase
B. have been increasing
C. have increased
D. would be increasing
----------------------------------------------------------------------
答案：
2011年高考
1 – 33 DCBDC CBDBB DBBBD DBBBD CBDAD AAADB ADB
2010年高考
1 – 20 ABCCA ABDAD DADAA BBDDC
21 – 40 DABDB ABDDB CADAB BDBCA
2009年高考
1 – 3
2 ADCBA DDDCA CDBAA ABCBB BBDCB BBDDC BB
2008年高考
1 – 1
2 DADCB BDBBC AA
初中英语各种时态练习题集锦
专题五时态复习 （一）一般现在时 复习要点：1.用法 2.时间 3.句型转换 一、用词的适当形式填空。 1. Miss Guo ______ (teach) us Chinese this term. She ______ (be) a very good teacher. She often ______ (talk) with us after class. Many of us like ______ (talk) with her. 2. Where ______ their father______ (work)? He ______ (work) on a farm. 3. What time ______ the shop ______ (close)? It _____ (close) at nine o'clock in the evening. 4. He ______ (go) to school by bus every day. 5. Tom can not walk fast because he ______ (carry) a heavy box. 6. She often ______ (read) English in the evening. 7. She ____ (go) to school at eight o’clock. 8. He usually _____ up at 17:00. (get) 9. She ____ (live) in Beijing. 二、句型转换： 1. I like the red sofa. (变否定句) 2. She has a nice cap. (变一般疑问句，并做肯定及否定回答) 3. I am a bus driver. (变一般疑问句并做肯定回答) 4. They play football in the garden everyday. (变成否定句) 5. There is an egg in the basket.(变成复数形式的句子)
英语八种时态的具体用法
英语八种时态的具体用法.txt师太，你是我心中的魔，贫僧离你越近，就离佛越远……初中 的体育老师说：谁敢再穿裙子上我的课，就罚她倒立。八种时态的具体用法： 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意) ②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声 音快) ③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将 来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开 往汉口的列车上午8点开车) ④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件 状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) ⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如：Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。 ⑥一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it. ⑦人的心理活动和感官动作一般用一般现在时而不用现在进行时表达,常见动词有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(认为),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see. 如：I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在这儿) 一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,这种动作或状态可能是一次性,也可能经常 发生。 ①表示过去具体时刻发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：at (eight) (yesterday morning),(ten minutes) ago, when引导的时间状语从句。如：I got up at 6：00 this morning.(我是早上六点钟起床的)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(小汤姆今天早上九点半把窗子打破了)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(他走进房间时发现一个陌生人正和他父亲谈话) ②表示过去一段时间内不知何时发生的一次性动作时,时间状语有：yesterday, last (year 等), in (1998 等)。如：He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年来到我们市) ③表示过去一个阶段中经常发生的事情时,时间状语有：last…, in…, from…to…, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如：Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young. / Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him. ④讲故事、对过去经历的回忆、双方都明白的过去事件等一般用过去时,而且经常省略时间 状语。如：I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西) 一般将来时表示将来某一时刻或经常发生的动作或状态。 ①一般将来时的时间状语有：tomorrow,this (afternoon),next (year),one day,now,soon, someday,sometime, in the future, when引导的从句等。 ②用will构成的将来时,表示动作与人的主观愿望无关。“shall”用于第一人称,“will”
高中12种常见时态
12种常用动词时态 一般现在时: 应用: 表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态. 表示主语的特征,性格,能力等. 表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理. 在时间和条件状语从句中表示将来的动作.. 表示时间表中安排或计划好的将来动作. 常用时间状语:often, always,usually,sometimes,every day,once a week 等 构成: 动词原形;第三人称单数在动词后加s ; 以s ,x, sh, ch, o 结尾的动词在末尾加es; 以辅音字母+y 结尾的,把y 变成i + es. 一般过去时 应用:表示过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态. 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作. 常用时间状语: yesterday, a few days ago, last week 等以及由when 引导的过去时间状语从句. 构成:规则动词的过去式在动词末尾加ed, 辅音字母+y 结尾的动词,把y 变成i +ed ; 末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写这个辅音字母再加ed. 如: stop ---stopped, plan ---planned,beg—begged, permit—permitted, control –controlled 等. 一般将来时 应用:将来发生的动作或状况. 常用时间状语: tomorrow, next week, in a few days 等 构成: 1.) will + v 原形; ( I, we ) shall + v 原形 2.) be ( am, is, are ) going to + v 原形 (最近打算做或可能发生的事.) 3.) be ( am,is, are ) + to do sth ( 必须或计划要进行的事) 4.) be ( am, is are ) about to do sth. ( 即将做某事) 5.) 某些位置转移的动词的现在进行时表将来(come ,go arrive, leave, fly, start 等.) 6.)一般现在时(见上) ④过去将来时 过去某一时间内将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用在宾语从句中. 构成: would + v 原形; was/ were going to do sth ; was / were to do sth ; was/ were about to do sth 等. 现在进行时 此时此刻或目前这一段时间正在进行的动作. 构成: be ( am, is are ) +ving (现在分词) 常用时间状语: now, at present, at this moment 等, 如果与always, constantly 连用,表示说话者的情绪:赞扬,批评,不满,遗憾等. Eg: He always gets up late. (客观事实) He is always getting up late. ( 批评) 注意:某些动词不用进行时,如: like, hate, love, believe, think,want, smell (闻起来), taste (尝起来), sound (听起来),feel (感到), have (有), belong (属于),hear,(听见) see(看见) 等. 过去进行时 过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的动作.可用时间状语或上下文暗示. 构成: be ( was , were ) + ving
常见的八种英语时态详解精编版
常见的八种英语时态详解 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。英语时态分为16种 1. 一般现在时 基本结构：①be动词am/is/are；②行为动词原形或单数第三人称。 否定形式：①am ／is ／are ＋________；②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词，则在其前加_________，如主语为第三人称单数，则用___________，同时还原行为动词。 一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，用does，同时，还原行为动词。 提示词：always , everyday , often , once a week (month , year , etc.) , sometimes , seldom , usually 1) 描述当前时间内经常出现、反复发生的动作或存在的状态。 She doesn't often write to her family, only once a month. It seldom rains here .这儿很少下雨。 2）仅为了描述状态、性质、特征、能力等等。 这里的目的是为了"描述现阶段的动作或状态"，其重点"不是强调动作发生的时间、或进行的状态"。例如：
He can speak five foreign languages . Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 4) 根据英文语法规定，当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 5）现在时的特殊用法：一般现在时表过去 1. 用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如： I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。 Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。 2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时，有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如： The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。 The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。 练习 1)He always _____ ( get）up early. 2)Mary often ______（do）some shopping on Sundays 3).I’ll go with you as soon as I_______（finish)my homework. 4)If he _______(come) here, I will tell you 5）The earth ________( move) round the sun. 6)Tom sometimes ________(have) lunch at school. 7)Lily usually ________(fly) kites on weekends.
各种时态的用法
各种时态的用法 一、一般现在时 构成：a．主动：动词原形（主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要加s/es）；be动词要用am，is，are。 b．被动：am / is / are + 过去分词 用法： ①一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常用频度副词sometimes, often, always, usually, seldom及时间副词every day, night, week, month, year, in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, at night做状语。如： I go to school at 6 every morning. 每天早上我6点去上学。 ②一般现在时表示客观存在及普遍真理。如： Summer follows spring. 春天之后是夏天。 The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 注意：此种用法即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 我在小学就学过地球是围绕太阳转的。 ③一般现在时表示格言或警句。如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄兵必败。 ④一般现在时表示目前的情况或状态，常跟时间副词now连用。如： I am a teacher. Peter writes good Chinese but does not speak well. He lives in Beijing now, ⑤以here，there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. ⑥习惯性的爱好或行为。如： I like dancing while she likes singing. 我喜欢跳舞，而她喜欢唱歌。 We get up at six. ⑦在某些习惯表达法中，常用一般现在时表示已经发生过的动作或存在的状态。如： They say Wu Dong is ill. 据说吴东病了。 The paper says the disease is under control. 报纸上说这种病已经得到了控制。 The diagram tells us that people’s living is improving. 这份图标告诉我们，人们的生活正在改善。 ⑧在下列情况下表示将来： a．在（时间、条件等）状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如： I will give it to him as soon as I see him. 我一看见他就会交给他。 He will come if you invite him. 如果你请他，他会来的。 Suppose he doesn’t agree, what shall we do? 假如他不同意，那怎么办？ I shall do as I please. 我高兴怎么做就怎么做。 He will continue the work no matter what happens. 不管发生什么情况他都要继续这项工作。 b．在the more…the more…（越…越…）句型中，前者通常用一般现在时代替一般将
英语16种时态详解
英语的16种时态 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。因此，当我们说时态结构的时候，指的是相应时态下的动词形式。 1. 一般现在时 英语时态分为16种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。 用法：A) 表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征。 B) 习惯用语。
C) 经常性、习惯性动作。 例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别人。） D) 客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致。 E) 表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。 例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon. （下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。） How often does this shuttle bus run? （这班车多久一趟？） F) 在时间和条件状语从句里经常用一般现在（有时也用现在完成时）表示将来事情。 例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成这份报告的时候，我就已经等了将近3个小时了。）2. 现在进行时(be doing) 用法：现在正在进行的动作。 3. 现在完成时(have done) 用法：A) 表示动作到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成。 例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses. A) didn't sell B) sold C) haven't sold D) would sell 答案是C) haven't sold。 B) 表示从过去某时刻开始，持续到现在的动作或情况，并且有可能会继续延续下去。此时经常用延续性动词。时间状语常用since加一个过去的时间点，或for加一段时间，或by加一个现在时间。 例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time. A) are to challenge C) have been challenged B) may be challenged D) are challenging 全句的意思是：“虽然牛顿是个伟大的人物，但他的许多见解直到今天还在受到挑战，并且被现代科学家的工作所修正。”challenge是及物动词，在本句中应当是被动语态；其动作延续到今天，所以要用现在完成时态。可见答案是C) have been challenged。A) are to challenge和D) are challenging 都是主动语态，不可能是答案。B) may be challenged虽然是被动语态，但意思与全句内容不合，所以不对。 C) 表示发生在过去，但对现在仍有影响的动作或情况。通常用点动词，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。
英语语法大攻克--时间和条件状语从句中时态的特殊用法
中考重点知识讲解（一）时间和条件状语从句中时态的特殊用法 时态是中考重点考察点之一，经过对全国各地中考题进行分析，我感觉对一般现在时的特殊用法（即在时间和条件状语从句中要求用一般现在时代替一般将来时来表示将来的概念）考察的频率特别高，下面我就来谈谈这个问题。 首先我们来翻译一个句子：如果明天不下雨的话，我们将参观公园。 这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，主句动词visit和从句动词rain根据时间状语明天的提示，本来都应该用一般将来时，但是根据上面提到的那条规则，从句中的谓语动词不能用will not rain，而应该用一般现在时doesn’t rain来表示将来，所以最后我们把这句话翻译成：We will visit the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. 我们再来翻译一个句子：长大后我想成为一名教师。 这是一个含有时间状语从句的复合句，主句动词be和从句动词grow up本来都应该用一般将来时，但是根据上面提到的那条规则，从句中的谓语动词不能用will grow up，而应该用一般现在时grow up来表示将来。所以这句话我们要这样翻译： I will be a teacher when I grow up. 有了上面的两个例子，有的同学可能会这样总结：在if和when后的从句应该用一般现在时表示将来。这样看问题其实不全面，因为if和when又同时可以是连接主句和宾语从句的从属连词，请看下面两个例子： I don’t know when he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天什么时候来。 I don’t know if he will come tomorrow. 我不知道他明天是否会来。 以上两个例子中when后引导的不是时间状语从句，而是宾语从句，因为come是说明天发生的动作，在主句用一般现在时的情况下，从句依然要用will come来表示将来的意思；if后跟的也不是条件状语从句，而是宾语从句，所以依然要用一般将来时表示将来。 说到这里，我们就知道实际中考对这一规则的考察就是要求我们能够判断if和when 后面的句子到底是宾语从句还是状语从句。那么如何进行正确的判断呢，我觉得可以从以下两个方面来考虑： 一、因为状语从句的位置可以变化，它既可以放在主句之前，也可以放在主句之后；而宾语从句的位置只能跟在主句的谓语动词之后（有时候主句的谓语部分可以是动词加介词构成，因为我们知道不及物动词加介词后，就相当于一个及物动词，可以带自己的宾语）。所以，如果我们能对if或when引导的从句的位置进行变化，那么我们就可以判断它们之后的句子是状语从句，从句中就只能用一般现在时来表示将来的概念；如果if或when引导的从句不能进行位置的变化，它们引导的就是宾语从句。 例如：We will visit the park if it doesn’t rain tomorrow. = If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will visit the park.（所以这个复合句中if
初中英语常见时态用法小结
初中英语常见时态用法小结 一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 I don’t want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back. 第二句中的now 是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 2. 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。 时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。 Where did you go just now? 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 When I was a child, I often played football in the street. Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 3）句型： It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了" It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示’宁愿某人做某事’ I’d rather you came tomorrow. 4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。 比较： 一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。 Christine was an invalid all her life. (含义：她已不在人间。) Christine has been an invalid all her life. (含义：她现在还活着)
初中英语语法的八种时态的具体用法
初中英语语法的八种时态的具体用法： 一般现在时表示现阶段经常或习惯发生的动作或存在的状态,或说明主语的特征。 ①一般现在时句子中常有的时间状语：often,usually,sometimes,always,every (day等), once/twice,a (week等), on (Sunday等),never,in the (morning等)。如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他们每年去一次故宫)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他们经常在晚上商谈生意) ②表示客观真理、事实、人的技能或现在的状态时句子里一般不用时间状语。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球绕着太阳转)/ Light travels faster than sound.(光传播比声音快) ③表示十分确定会发生(如安排好的事情)或按照时间表进行的事情,用一般现在可以表达将来,句子中可以有将来时间。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(开往汉口的列车上午8点开车) ④在时间状语从句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引导)和条件状语从句中(以if,unless引导),用一般现在时代替一般将来时,句子可以有将来时间。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德国就给我打电话) / If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我们就只好呆在家) ⑤一般现在时用于倒装句中可以表示正在发生的动作,动词以come, go为主。如：Here comes the bus. (车来了) / There goes the bell.(铃响了)。 ⑥一般现在时常用于体育比赛的解说或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it.
英语时态总结(完整)
英语时态总结(完整)
英语时态 英语共有十六个时态、四个体。（注：四个体为——一般、进行、完成、完成进行。） 时态（Tense）是表示行为、动作和状态在各种时间条件下的动词形式。即指的相应时态下的动词形式。分为十六种：一般现在、一般过去、一般将来、过去将来时，以及这四者的进行时、完成时和完成进行时。(一….十六) 英语中的四个体相当于法语、西班牙语以及所有印欧语系罗曼语族中的式，如：直陈式，命令式等。 （1）一般现在时（一） 基本形式（以do为例）： 第三人称单数：does（主语为非第三人称单数）； 肯定句：主语＋动词原形＋其他； He works for us. 否定句：主语＋don‘t/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他； He doesn't work for us. 一般疑问句：Do/Does＋主语＋动词原形＋其他。
肯定回答：Yes，（＋主语＋do/does）． 否定回答：No，（＋主语＋don't/doesn't.） 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句语 Does he work for us? Yes, he does. No, he doesn't What does he do for us? He works for us. 用法： A）表示现在发生的动作、情况、状态和特征 B）习惯用语 C）经常性、习惯性动作。例：He always help s others. 他总是帮助别人 D）客观事实和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般现在时，则无法保持主句、从句时态一致 E）表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作，（仅限于某些表示“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词）可以与表示未来时间的状语搭配使用。常见的用法是：飞机、火车、轮船、汽车等定期定点运行的交通方式。例：The me xt train leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoo n.下一趟火车今天下午3点开车。How often
人教版英语英语动词的时态用法总结及解析百度文库
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