初中英语语法知识—定语从句的知识点

初中英语语法知识—定语从句的知识点
初中英语语法知识—定语从句的知识点

一、选择题

1.Mice, dogs and monkeys were the animals _________first went into space.

A.that B.whom C.whose D.what

2.Mr. White went to his hometown and visited the old house _______ he was born in. A.what B.who C.which D.it

3.Behind the Ruian Square there is ________________. We often enjoy reading books.

A.a museum that is open in the day time

B.a library that has a lot of books

C.a market which sells delicious fruit

D.a restaurant which will be built in 2 years

4.Do you know the girl_______ is drawing a picture?

A.when B.whose C.which D.who

5.This is the best movie_________ I have ever seen.

A.that B.it C.which D.what

6.Lang Ping is the coach of the Chinese women 's volleyball team, _________ led the girls to win the gold medal at 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women’s World Cup.

A.which B.whose C.who

7.The film _____________ I like best is Frozen.

A.who B.where C.which

8.Yuan Longping is a Chinese scientist __________ is leading a research to develop sea rice. A.whose B.which C.who

9.The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.

A.that B.what C.whose D.Who

10.— Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV?

—Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ can develop the habit of reading.

A.who B.whose C.what D.that

11.Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut ___________went into space.

A.which B.who C.whose D.whom 12.—Do you know the man ________ is reading the book over there?

—Sorry, I don’t know.

A.which B.what C.whom D.who

13.The movie ____ I have seen twice is The Wandering Earth.

A.who B.that C.where D.when

14.This photo often reminds the man of his grandfather ________ died five years ago. A.which B.who C.whom D.he

15.Lots of people like Tale of Yanxi Palace, the most popular TV play________is based upon an online novel.

A.what B.who C.which D.that

16.Please remember to bring the clothes_________you bought yesterday.

A.who B.when C.which D.what 17.—Do you know the man _________ is sitting behind Lily?

—Oh, he is my elder brother.

A.whose B.which C.who D.whom 18.He is the man________helped me yesterday.

A.which B.whose C.who D.whom 19.—Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher?

—Oh, she is my sister.

A.which B.what C.whose D.who

20.Tu Youyou is the woman ______ used the plant’s special power to save millions of lives. A.who B.whose C.which D.whom 21.—Have you found the details of Yuan Longping ________ you can use for your report?—He is so famous that I’ve easily got plenty on the Internet.

A.where B.which C.what D.who 22.—Could you tell me ________ ,Mr.Smith?

—Sure. It's because of the bad weather.

A.what is your family name

B.why the train hasn't arrived yet

C.how can I get on well with my parents

23.Look at that girl _______ name is Lucy.

A.who B.whose C.which D.whom 24.—Do you know the boy ________ is talking to Mr. Smith?

—Yes, he’s my brother.

A.what B.which C.whose D.who 25.Lily doesn’t know ________ she and her friends can do to help the little boy ________ parents have left their hometown for making money.

A.that; whose B.how; who C.what; who D.what; whose 【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:老鼠、狗和猴子是最早进入太空的动物。

考查定语从句。that指人/物,作主语/宾语;whom指人,作宾语;whose指人/物,作定语;what不可以引导定语从句,可引导名词性从句。分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是the animals指物,用于从句中作主语。故选A。

2.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:White先生去了他的家乡,参观了他出生的老房子。

what什么;who谁;which哪一个;it它。根据句子结构可知,该空引导的是定语从句,修饰名词the old house,先排除A和D;先行词指物,故B不对,选C。

3.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:瑞安广场后面有个图书馆,里面有很多书。我们经常喜欢读书。

考查意义一致。A. a museum that is open in the day time白天开放的一个博物馆;B. a library that has a lot of books有许多书的一家图书馆;C. a market which sells delicious fruit出售美味水果的一家市场;D. a restaurant which will be built in 2 years两年以后将会建成的一家饭店。根据We often enjoy reading books.可知,我们经常在那里读书,所以那是一个图书馆,里面有好多书。故选B。

4.D

解析:D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:你知道正在画画的女孩吗?当先行词是人时,用关系词that/who.结合句意,故选D

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:这是我看过的最好的电影。

本题考查定语从句。依据先行词是“movie”,可知当先行词是物时关系词用that或which;又因为先行词前有形容词最高级the best修饰,所以只能用that,故选A。

【点睛】

定语从句中关系词只能用that ,不用which的情况:(1)先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时,本题就是这种情况。 (2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时,如He is the last person that I want to see。(3) 主句中已有疑问词时,如Which is the bike that you lost?(4)先行词既有人又有物时,如The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were taken to the police station。(5)先行词是all, much, little, something, everything, anything,

nothing, none, the one等代词时,如You should hand in all that you have。

6.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:郎平是中国女排的教练,他带领女孩们在2019年女排世界杯上赢得了金牌。

考查定语从句引导词。which指代物;whose指代某人的;who指代人,根据led the girls to win the gold medal …,可知此处需要指代人的关系代词who,故C。

7.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我最喜欢的电影是《冰雪奇缘》。

考查定语从句。who谁;where哪里;which哪个。此句是定语从句,先行词为film,是物,关系词用that或者which。故选C。

【点睛】

定语从句中,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。which一般指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语,作宾语的关系代词which可以省略。

例如:The river which runs through the centre of the city brings us lots of pleasure.

This is the book (which) you are looking for.

8.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:袁隆平是一位中国科学家,他正在领导一项开发海水稻的研究。

本题考查定语从句。whose引导定语从句,作定语;which引导定语从句,修饰事物,作主语,宾语或表语;who引导定语从句,修饰人,作主语,宾语或表语;此处先行词scientist是人,后面定语从句缺少主语,因此用who引导定语从句。故选C。

9.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我们昨晚看的那场电影好极了。

考查定语从句引导词。本句定句从句的先行词The movie是物,并且关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,可知使用关系代词that或which;故选A。

10.D

解析:D

【解析】

句意:——你喜欢中央电视台的每周脱口秀《朗读者》吗?——当然喜欢。这是一个很好的电视节目,可以培养阅读的习惯。

本题考查定语从句。who引导定语从句,修饰人;whose引导定语从句,作定语;what什么,引导名词性从句;that,引导定语从句,修饰事物和人。此处修饰先行词TV program,用that引导定语从句,故选D。

11.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:杨利伟是进入太空的第一个中国宇航员。

考查定语从句。which定语从句中指物;who定语从句中指人;whose在从句中作定语,后常接名词;whom定语从句中指人,who的宾格,从句中作宾语。此句为定语从句,astronaut为先行词,关系词在从句中作主语,并且指人,因此关系代词用that或who。故选B。

12.D

解析:D

【解析】

句意:——你知道正在那边读书的那个男人是谁吗?——对不起,我不知道。在定语从句中,先行词是the man,是人,关系词用who来引导,who在这定语从句里做主语。根据题意,故选D。

13.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我看过两次的电影是《流浪地球》。

考查定语从句关系代词辨析。who 谁,指人并在从句中作主语的关系代词;that 无实际意义,即可指人也可指物的关系代词;where 表地点的关系副词;when 表时间的关系副词。根据句子结构,是一个定语从句。先行词是movie,指物,在从句中作宾语,所以用关系代词that。故选B。

【点睛】

定语从句中关系词的判断。首先看从句中缺少的成分,如果缺时间状语或地点状语,就用关系副词when或where;如果缺宾语或主语,就用关系代词。先行词指人,并在从句中作主语,就用关系代词who或that;先行词指物,并在从句中作主语或宾语,就用关系代词that。

14.B

解析:B

【解析】

【分析】

句意:这张照片经常使他想起他五年前去世的祖父。

考查定语从句。he是人称代词,不是关系词,可排除。which用于先行词是物时;who用于先行词是人时,可做主语或宾语;whom用于先行词是人时,只能做宾语。先行词grandfather(祖父/外祖父)是人,在从句中做主语;根据句意结构,故选B。

15.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:很多人喜欢《延禧攻略》,这部最受欢迎的电视剧是根据一部网络小说改编的。

考查定语从句的关系代词。What什么,引导宾语从句;who先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;which先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;that先行词是人或物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,由所给空前面的the most popular TV play和后面的句子is based upon an online novel可知,是定语从句,排除A,由先行词是物,排除B,当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时,只能用that不能用which,排除C,故选D。

16.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:请记得把你昨天买的衣服带来。

考查定语从句关系词。who定语从句关系代词,先行词指人;when定语从句关系词,在句中做时间状语;which定语从句冠词代词,先行词指物;. What不能做定语从句关系词。这里是定语从句,先行词是“the clothes”,是物,关系词用which,根据题意,故选C。17.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你认识坐在莉莉后面的那个人吗?——哦,他是我哥哥。

考查定语从句。whose指人/物,作定语;which指物,作主语/宾语;who指人,作主语/宾语;whom指人,作宾语。分析句子可知,此句是定语从句,先行词the man指人,在其后的从句中作主语。故选C。

18.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:他是昨天帮助我的那个人。

考查关系代词。which先行词为物;whose先行词作定;who先行词为人;whom先行词为人(作宾语)。此处引导一个定语从句修饰其前先行词man,先行词为人,在从句中作主语,故选C。

19.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你认识那个和我们老师谈话的女吗?——噢,她是我的妹妹。

考查定语从句。which哪个;what什么;whose谁的;who谁。此句是定语从句,先行词the girl,是人,并且此空作主语,因此关系词用who。which和what通常指物,whose通常指人,但是作定语。故选D。

20.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:屠呦呦就是那个用植物的特殊力量拯救数百万人生命的女人。

考查定语从句的关系代词辨析。who 先行词是人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whose

谁的,表示所属关系;which先行词是物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语;whom先行词是人,在定语从句中作宾语,根据所给空前面的the woman可知,先行词是人,由所给空后面的句子used the plant’s special power to save millions of lives可知,在定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词who,故选A。

21.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你有没有找到袁隆平的细节资料,你可以用来写成报告的?——它很有名。我很容易在网上找到了很多。

考查定语从句。where关系副词,表示地点;which关系代词,指代物,在从句中作主语和宾语;what不是定语从句关系词;who关系代词,指代人,在从句中作主语和宾语;根据句意理解可知,先行词是details,是物而不是人,所以排除C/ D选项;而先行词details在从句中做use的宾语,所以应该选择关系代词,故选B。

【点睛】

定语从句重点考查关系词的应用。在定语从句中关系词用哪个,主要取决于先行词,先行词指人,关系词用who/ whom/ that,指人做主语用who,做宾语用whom,先行词指物,关系词用which/ that,如果先行词在句中做状语,就要用关系副词,指时间用when,指地点用where,指原因用why。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——Mr.Smith,请问你能告诉我火车为什么还没有到么?——当然,是因为糟糕的天气。

考查宾语从句词义辨析。宾语从句要用陈述语序,即连接词+主语+谓语+其他。故排除选项AC。再结合后句句意"是因为糟糕的天气"可知,前句要问原因,故选B。

【点睛】

宾语从句要用陈述语序,再根据上下文意思或时间状语,推断出合适的时态,排除错误的答案,然后再比较剩下的选择项,从而做出正确的答案。

23.B

解析:B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:看那个叫露西的女孩。Whose name is Lucy为一定语从句,修饰前面的先行词that girl;定语从句中的主语缺少一个定语即女孩的名字;故选B。

考点:考查定语从句的引导词。

24.D

解析:D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你认识那个和史密斯先生谈话的人吗?——是的,他是我的哥哥。

考查定语从句。“________ is talking to Mr. Smith”作先行词boy的定语;先行词是人,所以连接词可以用that或者who,结合选项,故选D。

25.D

解析:D

【解析】

that引导宾语从句一般不充当句子成分,只起连接作用;how引导宾语从句,一般做方式状语;what引导宾语从句,做从句的逻辑主语或者宾语。句意:莉莉不知道她和她的朋友们能做什么来帮助这个小男孩,他的父母离开家乡去挣钱了。结合语境可知前文是宾语从句,what,什么,充当宾语从句谓语动词do的逻辑宾语。下文为定语从句,the little 宾语boy和parents是逻辑上的所有关系,故引导词用whose,选D。

考点:英语从句

【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结

【初中英语】定语从句知识点总结 一、定语从句 1.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen. A.that B.which C.what D.who 【答案】A 【解析】 句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。 结合句意和语境可知选A。 点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况: 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如: Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如: Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的 客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如:She is the only person that understands me. 注意:当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如: Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前 面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间? 当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street. 当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions. 2.Mr.Brown is a teacher is strict with all is students. A.which B.who C.where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意“布朗是一个对所有的学生都严格的老师”。 本题考查定语从句。A.指物,在从句中作主语或宾语;B.指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;C.表示地方,在从句中作地点状语。本句话中先行词为a teacher,指人,在从句中作主语,故选B。 【点睛】 做定语从句的题时,可先将先行词还原到句中。其次选择关系词,要先看先行词指人、指

定语从句最全面的知识点整理

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