每日一句,考研英语必背

Interest in historical methods has arisen less through external challenge to the validity of hist ory as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.

人们之所以关注历史研究的方法论，主要原因是历史学家之间内部的纷争，其次是因为外界并不认为历史是一门知识学科。

How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is essential to our ability to grow.

我们在尝试新的生存方式时如何看待自己对我们能力的培养是至关重要的。

The Supreme Court's decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.

：最高法院关于在医生协助下自杀的决定对于医学界如何免除临终病人的疼痛和苦难而言意义重大。

2.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in e ffect supported the medical principle of "double effect, "a centuries-old moral principle holding th at an action having two effects — a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen — is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.

：虽然最高法院作出裁决，在医生协助下的自杀并不具备宪法权利，但是法庭实际在支持一种双重效果的医学原则。这是一种有几百年历史的道德原则，这种原则认为：一种行为有两种效果，一种是好的，想要达到的效果，一种是有害的可以预见的效果，如果行为人只想达到好的效果，那么这种行为就是可被允许的。

It’s possible that plutocrats(有钱有势的

人) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themse lves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies.

：有钱有势的人对于苦苦挣扎的中产阶级表达了支持，这可能是他们使自己免受没收性税务政策努力的一部分

No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic inte gration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.

：他们害怕的是：因为发生在收入分配和经济不安全上的那些事情,所以对于全球经济一体化的持续支持将会受到的来自政治方面的更严峻的挑战。

Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found f ree, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen, for w hich it has a strong affinity.

：铝总是跟其他元素结合在一起，最普遍的是跟氧结合，因为铝跟氧有很强的亲和力，进而在自然界找不到游离状态的铝；所以，铝直到19世纪才被人发现。

The second effort , by Joshua Greenberg, takes a more empirical approach to universality，identifying traits (particularly in word order) shared by many language which are considered to re present biases that result from cognitive constraints.

：第二次努力是由乔舒亚.格林堡做出的，她这次采用更为经验主义的方法来研究语言的普遍性，确定了多种语言（尤其是词序方面）的共同特征，这些特征被认为是代表了由认知限制产生的倾向。

Supporters of the new super systems argue that these mergers will allow for substantial cost reduct ions and better coordinated service. Any threat of monopoly, they argue, is removed by fierce com petition from trucks. But many shippers complain that for heavy bulk commodities traveling long distances, such as coal, chemicals, and grain, trucking is too costly and the railroads therefore hav

e them by the throat.

参考译:文新的超级系统的支持者认为这些合并将会带来（allow for）大幅的费用降低和更好的协调服务。他们认为任何由垄断所带来的威胁都被来自卡车的竞争给消除了。但是很多货主却抱怨道对于需要长途运输的大宗商品，比如煤炭，化学品和粮食；有卡车运输就太贵了。这样一来铁路就卡住了他们的脖子。（这里是个比喻，表示这些货主受制于铁路行业）Some local branchs have repeatedly “backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increas es modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.

一些当地部门一直不断的变相增加（backloaded）工资待遇（pay deal）：虽然工资涨幅不大（modest），但是却增加假期特别是增加已经很丰厚的(generaous)的退休金。

What is harder to establish is whether the productivity revolution that businessmen assume they ar

e presiding over is for real.

: 商人们认为他们主持了这次生产力的革命，（但）更难确定的是：这场革命是不是真的。There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have gene rally viewed personal growth as an external result or product that can easily be identified and meas ured. The worker who gets a promotion, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who lear ns a new language — all these are examples of people who have measurable results to show for th eir efforts.

When strange or different elements come together, we will have fresh perspectives and divergent ways of thinking, which inevitably give birth to inventiveness.

当陌生的、不同的元素凑到一起，我们会拥有崭新的观点和不同的思维方式。它们最终都将生成创新精神。

Cultural diversity has always been one of the most charming qualities of great cities, making it pos sible for people with different backgrounds to live side by side in harmony and to absorb the best

of others.

文化多元性一直是大城市最吸引人的特征之一，它使得不同背景的人有可能和谐地并肩生活，并且互相学习彼此的长处。

It is striking that many of the social, economic and cultural breakthroughs that shape our life have emerged not from the mainstream elites but from the restless marginal groups, who expose themse lves frequently to those who are different from themselves and thus benefit the most from intercult ural innovation.

有一个事实非常惊人，即许多塑造我们生活的社会、经济和文化突破都并非出自主流的精英，而是出自那些从不停歇的边缘团体。因为他们频繁地接触与自己不同的人群，从而成为跨文化创新的最大受益者。

Equipped with the skills acquired during the study, even those graduates who initially accept relati vely junior positions are likely to be promoted and climb up the corporate or even the social ladde

r faster than their peers.

具备了在学习期间所获技能，一些毕业生即使一开始获得是相对初级的职位，后来也会更有可能得到提拔，在攀爬公司或社会阶梯的时候也会比其他人更快。

Youngsters, who place an emphasis on their own interests and skills, job stability, advancement op portunities, and the needs of society, will set themselves on a path towards a satisfying and succes sful career.

重视自己的兴趣和技能，工作稳定性，进步机会和社会需要的年轻人将使自己踏上令人满意的，成功的事业之路。

Social media brings us together and helps us to restore links with long-lost friends, but it also traps

us in a bubble , in which only what you want to see and believe is shared.

社交媒体让我们聚在一起，帮助我们与长久失联的朋友再次取得联系。但同时它也将我们置于一个泡沫中：这里头只有你想看到和相信的东西。

While we are proud in being the fashionable netizens, it is also of vital importance that we keep a clear head and don’t give up full control to algorithms.

虽然我们自豪于网民这个潮流的新身份，但保持清醒的判断对于我们来说仍至关重要，切忌把所有控制权都交给算法。

The constant traffic jams and deteriorating air quality have prompted people in big cities to take p ublic transportations as frequently as possible, leaving behind less carbon footprints.

不断的交通拥堵和越来越差的空气质量，正促使大城市的居民尽可能多地使用公共交通，以留下更少的碳足迹。

And bike-sharing gains great popularity in China, where bikers can enjoy great flexibility and leav e the bicycles everywhere they want without worrying about the risks of being stolen and mainten ance issues.

共享单车在中国受欢迎程度极高的原因在于，骑手可以享受巨大的便利：随地停车，无需担心车被偷的风险和保养事宜。

There is a limit to what people can achieve merely on their own, because a lot of issues facing us a re so complex that they can only be addressed by coordinated efforts.个人能成就的事是有限的，因为我们面对的很多问题都十分复杂，只有通过通力合作才能解决。

If we lost ourselves in personal heroism at the expense of group synergy, then individual talents m ay soon become a weakness rather than a strength.

如果我们陷入个人英雄主义，却牺牲团队协作，那么个人的才能会很快变成弱点而不是强项。