冶金专业英语

Words and Expressions

extractive [iks'tr?ktiv] 提取的，萃取的refine [ri'fain] 精炼

metallurgy [me't?l?d?i] 冶金，冶金学ingot [???g?t] 铸锭

concentrate [?k?ns?ntreit] 精选，富集，精矿fabricate [?f?brikeit] 加工，制作gangue [g??] 脉石deposit [di?p?zit] 沉积，矿床

mineral [?min?r?l] dressing 选矿flotation [fl?u?tei??n] 浮选

pyrometallurgy [?pair?ume?t?l?d?i] 火法冶金manganese .[?m??g??ni:z] 锰hydrometallurgy [?haidr?ume?t?l?:d?i] 湿法冶金aluminium [??lju:?minj?m] 铝

electrometallurgy [i?lektr?ume?t?l?d?i] 电冶金electrolysis .[?lek?tr?l?s?s] 电解beneficiation [?beni?fi?i?ei??n] 选矿，矿物处理

suffice .[s??fais] 足够，满足……的需要

mercury sulphide [?m?:kjuri] [?s?lfa?d] 硫化汞

magnesium [m?g?ni:zi:?m] 镁

non-ferrous [?fer?s] metals 有色金属by products 副产品impurity [?m?pj??r?ti:] 杂质distillation [?d?st??le???n] 蒸馏

oxidation [??ks??de???n] 氧化volatile [?v?l?tail] 蒸馏mercury [?m?:kjuri] 汞cadmium [?k?dmi?m] 镉melting point 熔点titanium [ta??te?ni:?m] 钛zirconium .[z?:?k?uni?m] 锆chromium [?kr??mi:?m] 铬niobium [nai??ubi?m] 铌molybdenum [m??libdin?m] 钼

molten [?m??lt?n] 熔融的refractory [r??fr?kt?ri:] 难熔的

crucible [?kr u:sibl] 坩埚oxygen [??ksid??n] 氧nitrogen [?naitr?d??n] 氮slag [sl?g] 渣electromotive series [ilektr?u?m?utiv] [?si?ri:z] 电化序

reducing agent [ri?dju:si?] [?eid??nt] 还原剂

roast [r?ust] 焙烧smelt [smelt] 熔炼

convert [k?n?v?:t] 吹炼aqueous [?eikwi?s] solution 水溶液

trace back 追溯到concern with 与……有关

by means of 用，依靠organic [?:?g?nik] 有机的

vacuum [?v?kju?m] 真空

conventional [k?n?ven??nl] 常规的，传统的

inorganic [??n?:?g?n?k] 无机的alchemist [??lkimist] 炼金术imminent [?imin?nt] 即将发生的depletion [d??pli:??n] 消耗，枯竭lean [li:n] ore 贫矿discard [dis?ka:d] 废弃，丢弃manganese nodule [?n?d?u:l] 锰结核dust [d?st] 烟尘

matte [m?t] 冰铜锍speiss [spais] 黄渣

sludge [sl?d?] 污泥burgeoning [?b?:d??ni?] 新兴的recycling [ri:?saikli?] 回收，循环assess [??ses] 估计，评价alleviate [??li:vieit] 减轻，缓和rare metal 稀土金属

associate [??s?u?ieit] with 联系，与……交往flowsheet [fl?u??i:t] 流程图relegate [?religeit] 把……置于次要地位panacea [?p?n??si:?] 万灵药complementary [?k?mpl??ment?ri] 互补的revenue [?rev?nju:] 收入hafnium [?h?fni?m] 铪mint [mint] 铸造

furnace [?f?:nis] 炉子atmospheric [??tm??sfer?k] 大气的

disposal [dis?p?uz?l] 处置，处理

matte smelting造锍熔炼converting [k?n?v?:ti?] 吹炼

sulphide [?s?lfa?d] 硫化物blast [bla:st] furnace 鼓风炉，高炉

silica [?silik?] 二氧化硅alumina [??lju:min?] 氧化铝

calcium [?k?lsi?m] 钙phosphorus.[?f?sf?r?s] 磷

sulphur [?s?lf?] 硫interface [?int?feis] 界面

reverberatory.[ri?v?:b?r?t?ri] furnace反射炉lime [la?m] 石灰

refractory [r??fr?kt?ri:] 难熔的

thermal [?θ?:m?l] barrier [?b?ri?] 隔热层

quartz [kw?:ts] 石英iron [?ai?n] 铁

liquidus [?likwid?s] 液相线viscosity [v??sk?s?ti:] 黏度specific [spi?sifik] gravity [?gr?viti]比重dissolve [di?z?lv] 溶解orthosilicate [??:θ??sil?keit] 正硅酸盐acidic [??s?d?k] 酸性的neutralization [?nju:tr?lai?zei??n] 中和anion [??nai?n] 阴离子

pentoxide [?pen?t?ksaid] 五氧化物phosphorus pentoxide 五氧化二磷molecule [?m?likju:l] 分子polymer [?p?l?m?] 聚合物，聚合的

basicity [b??sisiti] 碱度neutral [?nju:tr?l] 中性的

equilibrium [?i:kw??l?bri:?m] 平衡ionic [ai??nik] 离子的

undissociated [??ndi?s?u?ieitid] 未离解的desulphurize [di:?s?lf?raiz] 脱硫cation [?k?tai?n] 阳离子fluorspar [?flu(:)?spa:] 氟石synthetic [sin'θetik]人造的silicate ['silikit] 硅酸盐

resin ['rezin] 树脂cuprammoniumrayon铜氨纤维

brass [brɑ:s] 黄铜electroplate [i'lektr?u'pleit] 电镀

uranium [ju??reini?m] 铀sorption. ['s?:p??n] 吸附

saturated ['s?t??reitid] 饱和的effluent ['eflu?nt] 污水

elution [i?lju: ??n]洗涤vanadium [v?'neidi?m] 钒

platinum ['pl?tin?m] 铂ion exchange 离子交换

solvent extraction 溶剂萃取agitation [??d?i'tei??n] 搅拌

immiscible [i'mis?bl] 不互溶的stripped solvent反萃剂

contaminant [k?n't?m?n?nt]污染物extractant [iks'tr?kt?nt]萃取剂

alkali ['?lk?lai] 碱hydrolyze ['haidr?laiz] 使水解

derivative [di'riv?tiv]衍生物chelate ['ki:leit] 螯合的

chelating compound螯合物reagent [ri:'eid??nt] 试剂

kerosene ['ker?si:n] 煤油perforated ['p?:f?reitid] 多孔的

chalcocite ['k?lk?sait] 辉铜矿covellite [k?u'velait] 铜蓝

chalcopyrite [?k?lk?'pairait] 黄铜矿bornite ['b?:nait] 斑铜矿

pyrite [pairait] 黄铁矿cuprite ['kju:prait] 赤铜矿

tenorite ['ten?rait] 黑铜矿coke [k?uk] 焦炭

exhaust [ig'z?:st] 耗尽pulverize ['p?lv?raiz] 粉碎

negative ['neg?tiv] 负的flux [fl?ks] 助熔剂

hearth [hɑ:θ] 炉床horizontal [?h?ri'z?ntl] 水平的

boiler ['b?il?] 锅炉siliceous [si'li??s] 硅酸的

cast [kɑ:st] 浇铸roughen ['r?f?n] 粗糙

blister ['blist?] copper 泡铜anode ['?n?ud] 阳极

electrolytic tank [t??k] 电解槽cathode ['k?θ?ud] 阴极

electrolyte [i'lektr?u,lait] 电解质contaminate [k?n't?mineit] 使不纯

soluble ['s?ljubl] 可溶的selenium [si'li:ni?m] 硒

tellurium [te'lju?ri?m] 碲arsenic ['ɑ:s?nik] 砷

hydrocarbon ['haidr?u'kɑ:b?n] 碳氢化合物anode refining 阳极精炼agitate ['?d?iteit] 搅动eutectic [ju:'tektik] 共晶体dilute [dai'lju:t] sulfuric [s?l'fju:rik] acid 稀硫酸

precipitation [pri?sipi'tei??n] 沉淀sponge [sp?nd?] 海绵

cement [si'ment] 水泥，胶状材料preheat [pri:'hi:t] 预热calamine ['k?l?main]异极矿blende [blend]闪锌矿

arsenic['ɑ:s?nik]砷antimony['?ntim?ni]锑

tin[tin]锡indium['indi?m]铟

germanium[d??:'meini?m]锗gallium['g?li?m]镓

fluidize ['flu:?daiz]使流化electrostatic[i'lektr?u'st?tik]静电

marmatite['mɑ: m?tait]铁闪锌矿carbonate ['kɑ:b?neit] 碳酸盐

combustion [k?m'b?st??n] 燃烧volatilize['v?l?tilaiz] 挥发

concomitantly [k?n'k?mit?nt] 伴生的blend [blend]掺和,混合,掺和物sphalerite ['sf?l?rait]闪锌矿smithsonite ['smiθs?nait]菱锌矿zinc [zi?k]锌zinc pyrite 锌黄铁矿

zincite ['zi?kait]氧化锌，红锌矿，ZnO vertical retort process 竖罐炼锌tuyere [twi:'j??] (冶金炉）风口，风眼briquet [bri'ket]团块，坯块，制团

galvanizing ['g?lv?naiz]镀锌

petzite['pet?sait]碲金银矿cyanide ['sai?naid]氰化物

deaerated [di:'??reit]使气泡除去telluride ['teljuraid]碲化物

nugget['n?git]天然金矿，矿块calaverite[k?l?'v??rait]碲金矿

sylvanite['silv??nait]针碲金（银）矿tailing['teili?]矿渣

filtration[fil'trei??n]过滤scum[sk?m]浮渣

granular['gr?njul?]粒状的percolation[?p?:k?'lei??n]过滤

amalgamation[??m?lg?'mei??n]融合，合并

container [k?n'tein?] 容器packaging ['p?kid?i?] 包装，包装物

bauxite ['b?:ksait] 铝碱土，铝土矿electrical conductor 导电体

hydrate ['haidreit] 氢氧化物，水合物titania [tai'teini?] 二氧化钛，氧化钛anhydrous [?n'haidr?s] 无水的reserve [ri'z?:v] 储备物，储藏量

exclusively [iks'klu:sivli] 排外的，专有的distinct [dis'ti?kt] 清楚的，明显的digest [dai'd?est] 浸煮蒸煮，煮解caustic ['k?:stik] 腐蚀性的，苛性的

soda ['s?ud?] 碳酸水，纯碱，氢氧化钠residue ['rezidju:] 剩余物，残余，

残渣

filtration [fil'trei??n] 过滤，筛选liquor ['lik?] 液体，母液

be seeded with做孕育处理，使孕育crystal ['kristl] 晶体，结晶，水晶

trihydrate [trai'haidreit] 三水合物alumina trihydrate 氢氧化铝reverse [ri'v?:s] 颠倒，倒转，倒退precipitate [pri'sipiteit] 使沉淀，沉淀

conductor [k?n'd?kt?] 导体cryolite ['krai?lait] 冰晶石additive ['?ditiv] 添加剂cell [sel] 电解槽，小房间probable ['pr?b?bl] 很可能的，大概的dissociate [di's?u?ieit] 分解，游离，chloride ['kl?:raid] 氯化物sodium ['s?udi?m] 钠

petroleum [pi'tr?uli?m] 石油tar [tɑ:] 焦油，柏油

pitch [pit?] 沥青柏油coal tar pitch 煤焦油沥青

purification [?pjurifi'kei??n] 净化，提纯，精致blow-off 排出，喷出digestion [di'd?est??n] 溶解，溶出，煮解robot ['r?ub?t] 机器人，遥控设备preferentially [?pref?'ren??li] 先取的，优先的clarify ['kl?rifai] 澄清，使纯净sedimentation [?sedim?n'tei??n] 沉淀，沉降

inherent [in'hi?r?nt] 固有的，内在的

supersaturate [su:p?'s?t??reit] 使过度饱和excess [ik'ses] 多余的，额外的exploit ['ekspl?it] 利用，使用，开发，开采slurry ['sl?:ri] 不溶解物的悬浮液

sand [s?nd] 除沙槽coarse [k?:s] 粗的，粗糙的fraction ['fr?k??n] 小部分，微量tank [t??k] 槽，箱，桶

filter ['filt?] 过滤器，滤光器pressure ['pre??] 压力过滤器gibbsite ['gibsait] 水铝矿，铝土矿green [gri:n] 未加工的，湿的socket ['s?kit] 穴，孔，插座modify ['m?difai] 调节，限制crust [kr?st] 外壳，硬壳interfacial tension 界面张力

interfacial [?int?'fei??l] 界面的，分界面的holding ['h?uldi?] 保温炉

tension ['ten??n] 压力，张力，牵力siphon ['saif?n] 用虹管吸收dilute [dai'lju:t] 冲淡，稀释hooded ['hudid] 有罩盖的，带头巾的

potline ['p?tlain] 制铝用的电解槽系列crane [krein] 起重机

commensurate [k?'men??rit] 相当的，相称的assist [?'sist] 帮助，辅助manipulate [m?'nipjuleit] 熟练的操作使用cable ['keibl] 钢丝绳，缆索

be commensurate with 与什么相当，与什么相称

weld [weld]焊接combustion chamber 燃烧室checkerwork 格式装置,砌砖格checker mass 蓄热室

burner ['b?:n?]燃烧器air stream 风流，空气流

pack [p?k] 填塞，塞满checker brick 格子砖

volume ratio 体积比，容积比checker chamber 蓄热室

flue [flu:] 烟道，通气管on blast 送风，鼓风

natural gas天然气coke oven ['?v?n] 焦炉

compress [k?m'pres] 压缩bypass 绕过，使通过…旁道

valve[v?lv] 阀门mixervalve 混风阀

turbulent ['t?:bjul?nt] 涡旋的，狂暴的exhaust [ig'z?:st] 排气chimney['t?imni]废气dome[d?um] 圆顶，圆屋顶

preset[pri:'set] 事先调整，预调backdraft 到转，逆通风

creep [kri:p]蠕变，蠕动creep-resistant 抗蠕变的

thermal['θ?:m?l]热的，热量的skinwall隔墙

specification [?spesifi'kei??n] 规格，技术要求

automation [??:t?'mei??n] 自动控制，自动操作

contamination [k?n?t?mi'nei??n] 污染，污染物

direct reduced iron（DRI）直接还原铁methane ['meθein] 甲烷，沼气carbon monoxide [m?'n?ksaid] 一氧化碳descend [di'send] 下来，下降scarce [sk??s] 缺乏的，不足的uniform ['ju:nif?:m] 均匀的，均质的

go into production 投产gas reformer [ri'f?:m?] 气体转化炉

gravity['gr?viti] 重力discharge [dis't?ɑ:d?] 排出，流出

seal [si:l] legs 料封管bustle ['b?sl] pipe 环形风管

counter current 相反的，逆流charge solid 固体炉料

gravity feed 重力给料outlet ['autlet] 出口，出路

burden ['b?:dn] 炉料，配料scrubber ['skr?b?] 气体洗涤器recompress 再压缩preheat [pri:'hi:t] 预热

pipe 以管输送reformer tube 重整管

catalyst ['k?t?list] 催化剂，触媒recycle [ri:'saikl] 使再循环，反复使用sponge [sp?nd?] iron 海绵铁porosity [p?:'r?siti] 多孔性，有孔性

lime shell [?el] 石灰涂层passivation [?p?si'vei??n] 钝化

water glass 水玻璃（硅酸钠）subdivide ['s?bdi'vaid] 再分，细分gasifier ['g?sifai?] 汽化器，燃气发生炉outlet pipe 流出管，排出管melter gasifier 熔融汽化炉iron bath reactor 铁浴反应炉

briquette [bri'ket] 压块

magnesite ['m?gn?sait] 菱镁矿jet [d?et] 射流，气流

tray [trei] 底板，托架charge [t?ɑ:d?]装料，装满

penetrate['penitreit]穿透，渗透splash [spl??] 飞溅，斑点

circulation [?s?:kju'lei??n] 循环，流通pouring['p?: ri?]钢包

evolution [?i:v?'lu:??n]放出（气体），形成tapping hole 出钢口

free running slag 易流动渣rim [rim] 边，轮缘

tap-to-tap [t?p] time 出钢时间filling ['fili?] 装料

duration [dju'rei??n] of a heat 冶炼（一炉）时间

The L D practice氧气顶吹转炉工艺