2023年江苏省高考英语真题

2023年江苏省高考英语真题第一部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Passage 1

It is predicted that by the year 2095, half the world’s languages will no longer exist. In fact, some Americans are actually welcoming the day when English will no longer be spoken in the United States.

The reasons why these people wish to see the demise (消亡) of English are many and varied. In requirements, policy or law, which restrict the rights and privileges of any non-English speaker, are unfair and degrading. Its existence forces, cultures older than America itself to be thrown aside.

Many countries use a second language; they are able to train all children to have a solid grounding in that second language. In America, there is no effort to teach a second language except in a few school systems(系统) where Spanish is offered. A second language for as many children as possible should be required.

The fanatical(狂热的)English purists(纯粹主义者),those who are quick to point an accusing finger at those who don’t speak what they consider “correct” English, are unbearable. The poor grammar of those with a native tongue different from English is obvious. However, the fanatical English purists can often be understood no better than someone who speaks a language only from a textbook.

1. According to the passage, some Americans welcome the day when English will no longer be spoken because _______.

[A] they consider it unfair for non-English speakers to learn it

[B] they feel policy and law should respect the rights of all languages

[C] it will mean the end of American culture

[D] they think the existence of English causes conflicts(冲突)

2. What can we learn from the passage about other countries?

[A] They require children to learn a second language.

[B] They have more languages than America does.

[C] They have different policies on language learning.

[D] They make efforts to preserve their own languages.

3. Those criticizers of others’ English ability _______.

[A] speak only textbook English

[B] are too strict with themselves

[C] have different native tongues

[D] are less tolerant than they think

Passage 2

Bilingual education programs for non-English speakers have existed in the United States since the 19th century. The high influx of immigrants from

worldwide during the 1900s further increased the demand for programs to teach children English in American schools.

The most common bilingual education program is ESL (English as a Second Language), which serves the needs of non-native English speakers in public schools. The other type, developmental bilingual education, involves the use of students’ native language to teach content subjects in addition to language skills.

In the 1960s and 1970s, with the nation’s enthusiasms for total bilingualism(双语能力) and multiculturalism, the concept of equal access to education for language minority students was emphasized. Federal regulations required that students be placed into a program that was appropriate to their needs.

However, in the 1980s, political attitudes towards bilingual education began to change. There was a strong belief among Americans that bilingual education programs were promoting the overuse of native languages while preventing the necessary use of English. As a result, English-only policies were adopted in many states.

In 2018, bilingual education programs were revived in California and Arizona. California voters overturned an old law requiring English-only instruction. Arizona voters included a provision(规定)allowing state money to pay for students learning English and other languages. These developments indicate a more inclusive attitude towards bilingual education.

4. Which is the most common type of bilingual education in US public schools?

[A] ESL.

[B] English language study.

[C] Multicultural programs.

[D] Developmental bilingual programs.

5. What does the underlined phrase “this provision” refer to?

[A] The concept of total bilingualism.

[B] The 2018 bilingual education development.

[C] The attitude towards total bilingualism.

[D] The use of native languages in bilingual education.

6. What can we infer from the passage about bilingual education?

[A] Native languages will be used less in bilingual programs.

[B] The development of multiculturalism affects it greatly.

[C] There has been a controversial history behind it.

[D] It will be the main focus of future education reform.

Passage 3

The Navajo Nation is a Native American region in the southwest part of the United States. Spanning parts of three states, including Arizona, Utah, and New Mexico, it is the largest Native American reservation in the country.

The Navajo language, also known as Diné Bizaad, is spoken by about 150,000 people worldwide, most of whom reside(居住)on the Navajo Nation.

As the native language of the Diné people, it holds an important place in the preservation of their rich cultural heritage.

In recent years, the Navajo language has faced the challenge of a gradual decline. Many young Navajos are growing up speaking English as their first language and therefore have limited exposure to Navajo. The decline in the number of fluent speakers is a concern for the Navajo Nation as it strives to keep its language from fading away.

In 2009, the Navajo Nation Council announced the Navajo Language Renaissance(复兴)Act. The act aims to revitalize the Navajo language and promote its use through various programs. The Diné Bizaad Advisory Committee, for example, offers community language training and supports the development of curriculum materials.

Thanks to these efforts, the Navajo language is gradually making a comeback. More Navajo children are beginning to learn it and attend bilingual schools where Navajo is the main language of instruction. The Navajo Language Renaissance Act has helped lay the foundation for the preservation of the Navajo language and culture.

7. Why is the Navajo language important to the Diné people?

[A] It connects them to their ancestors.

[B] It represents their multicultural background.

[C] It has official language status in the US.

[D] It helps them communicate with other tribes.

8. What has caused the Navajo language to decline in recent years?

[A] A lack of resources for language education.

[B] Loss of interest in the Navajo culture.

[C] Limited exposure to the language.

[D] The dominance of English in education.

9. What do we learn about the Navajo Language Renaissance Act?

[A] It aims to teach Navajo language in schools.

[B] It has confronted strong opposition.

[C] It was announced by the US government.

[D] It has had a positive impact on the language.

Passage 4

The endangered language crisis is by no means limited to the United States. Around the world, there are numerous languages that are facing extinction due to various reasons. In response to this, efforts are being made to document and preserve these languages before it is too late.

The Endangered Languages Project is one such effort. Launched in 2012, the project is a collaboration between Google and various linguistic organizations. Its aim is to create a database of endangered languages from around the world, offering resources and tools for researchers, students, and communities.

Through the Endangered Languages Project, people can access audio recordings, texts, and other materials in endangered languages, providing a valuable resource for language preservation. Additionally, the project

encourages people to contribute their own recordings and knowledge, further enriching the database.

Another initiative is the Living Tongues Institute for Endangered Language Preservation(LELP). Founded in 2005, the LELP is dedicated to the documentation and revitalization of endangered languages. It works closely with native speakers, conducting fieldwork to record, describe, and analyze these languages.

In New Zealand, the Māori Language Commission, Te Taura Whiri i te Reo Māori, has made si gnificant efforts in language revitalization. Various programs and campaigns have been launched to encourage the use of the

Māori language in daily life, including in education, media, and government.

10. What is the purpose of the Endangered Languages Project?

[A] To draw attention to the crisis facing endangered languages.

[B] To provide linguistic training to researchers and students.

[C] To create a database of endangered languages and resources.

[D] To develop new technologies for language preservation.

11. How can people contribute to the Endangered Languages Project?

[A] By sharing their own knowledge and recordings.

[B] By donating money to the project funding.

[C] By conducting fieldwork to collect language materials.

[D] By organizing campaigns for language preservation.

12. What has the Māori Language Commission done for language revitalization?

[A] It has conducted fieldwork to document the language.

[B] It has launched programs to promote language use.

[C] It has collaborated with Google on language preservation.

[D] It has worked with linguistic organizations worldwide.

Passage 5

The decline of a language not only results in the loss of cultural traditions, but also has an impact on biodiversity(生物多样性)conservation, according to a study published in the journal PLOS ONE. Researchers have found that areas with high biodiversity are often home to diverse linguistic communities, and the loss of a language is closely related to habitat loss and decreased population sizes of local species.

The study shows that languages play a vital role in the transfer of traditional knowledge about nature, including local species, habitats, and conservation practices. When a language disappears, so does the knowledge associated with it, leading to a gap in valuable ecological information.

The loss of traditional knowledge can have serious consequences for biodiversity conservation efforts. Many indigenous communities have developed sustainable practices over centuries and have a deep understanding of their local ecosystems. By safeguarding indigenous languages, we can better protect and manage biodiversity.

To address the issue, efforts are being made to integrate language preservation and conservation initiatives. For example, NGOs are collaborating with indigenous communities to document their languages and promote their use among younger generations. In doing so, these initiatives not only contribute to language revitalization, but also support biodiversity conservation.

13. What does the study in PLOS ONE suggest about language decline?

[A] It leads to a loss of cultural traditions.

[B] It affects global linguistic diversity.

[C] It results in habitat and species loss.

[D] It is closely related to local populations.

14. Why is traditional knowledge about nature important for biodiversity conservation?

[A] It helps increase cultural diversity.

[B] It provides ecological information.

[C] It supports indigenous languages.

[D] It influences conservation practices.

15. How are language preservation and conservation initiatives being integrated?

[A] By organizing joint conferences on the two issues.

[B] By developing sustainable practices with local communities.

[C] By promoting the use of indigenous languages in schools.

[D] By documenting languages and supporting biodiversity conservation.

第二部分：阅读七选五（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to Improve Your English Vocabulary

One of the most important aspects of learning a language is improving your vocabulary.____16____, and while there is no magic pill to achieve it, here are some tips to help you effectively enhance your English vocabulary.

Read regularly. Regular reading is the best way to expose yourself to new words and phrases. ____17____ The more you enjoy what you read, the more likely you are to remember the new words.

Keep a vocabulary journal. Writing down new words in a vocabulary journal helps to reinforce your memory of them. ____18____ Additionally, the act of writing the words will help you remember them more effectively.

Use flashcards. Flashcards can be a fun and interactive way to memorize new words. ____19____, you can write the word on one side and the definition on the other. As you review the flashcards, test yourself to see if you remember the meaning of each word.

Practice using new words. Simply memorizing new words is not enough; you need to actively use them in order to remember them.____20____ For example, you can write a short story using as many new words as possible, or try using them in everyday conversation.

Expand your vocabulary in specific areas. ____21____ For example, if you enjoy reading about science, focus on learning new words related to that field.

A. Set achievable goals.

B. Make it a habit to read newspapers or magazines.

C. The more you use a word, the more likely you are to remember it.

D. Everyone wants to expand their vocabulary quickly and efficiently.

E. In this way, you can improve your vocabulary while enjoying your favorite topics.

F. They are also portable, so you can carry them with you and study

while on the go.

G. Choose words that are relevant to your interests, hobbies, or areas of study.

第三部分：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

A British-led expedition has discovered the wreckage（残骸）of a King Edward 5th airplane lost over Greenland in 1930. The find is 22.____ and comes after years of satellite imaging（卫星成像） and investigative work.

23.____, the team managed to locate and visit the wreckage by yacht（帆船）. The most valuable prize in aviation continues to 24.____ concentrated

on exploration and rescue, but this project offers 25.____ support by developing a rich protein source in a difficult habitat.

The original Stuka was a 26.____ design by Hermann Pohlmann and Max Unruh of the Henschel Flugzeugwerke. At first, the features of performance-engine 27.____ six Junkers Ju 87A-0 pre-production aircraft.28.____ intense competition between the rival firms named for new prototypes（原型）.Henschel maintained their dedicated team 29.____ producing a high-quality example at their expenses for 300,000 reichsmarks. The Henschel Hs 123, designated 30.____ 123, was payback for losing the Stuka contract. Henschel chose to design an aerial support aircraft.

The design was 31.____ and conservative with fixed conventional landing gear and 32.____ straight wing employing a relatively small span of only 38.8 ft. The provide pilot with good 33.____ of the ground, the wing was equipped with a large number of automatic wing slots ahead of the leading edge. Dan 34.____ and diving (loading) conditions were good. The A-1 first design, the following month, was a great success. The Stuka's 35.____ was long, even worse, given the trend towards significantly lighter construction of the previous generation of dive-bombers.

The A-1 design features that protected pilots and 36.____ mishaps were added. The A-2 was quite similar to the A-1, fitted 37.____ film cameras, this resulted in the very well protected Stuka design with classic 20 mm Me 109 type cannons and 50mm 38.____, and this slightly extended fuselage design allocated 39.____ hardpoints. The A-0 design introduced retractable, hand-operated 115 L fuel 40.____.

21. A. ministers B. lake C. lady D. Amundsen

22. A. interesting B. excited C. impressive D. boring

23. A. Easily B. Anyway C. Suddenly D. Surprisingly

24. A. relate B. to C. have D. get

25. A. external B. necessary C. internal D. official

26. A. joint B. standard C. jointed D. simple

27. A. included B. decide C. decided D. include

28. A. Despite B. Although C. Because D. Because of

29. A. in B. for C. with D. on

30. A. planed B. type C. planned D. types

31. A. basic B. standard C. researched D. new

32. A. a B. on C. an D. into

33. A. view B. views C. viewfinder D. viewer

34. A. supplies B. equipment C. ropes D. loads

35. A. period B. situation C. stage D. development

36. A. made B. caused C. guarded D. saved

37. A. on B. of C. about D. for

38. A. cannons B. chamber C. flame D. calibre

39. A. 5 B. or C.-back D. air

40. A. tanks B. tanks C. tanks D. tanks