名词性从句

名词性从句

What I am thinking now is that it is our responsibility that we should do whatever we can to realize our dream that we’ll make our motherland richer, stronger, and more prosperous.

一. 什么叫“名词性从句”？名词性从句在功能上相当于名词。

主语His job is important. What he does is important.

表语This is his job. This is what he does every day.

同位语I don’t know about the man, Mr. White. I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.

宾语I don’t like his job. I don’t like what he does every day.

相关概念：1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词 2.名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作主语,宾语,表语和同位语。

3.名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当,这个句子就叫:名词性从句。

二、名词性从句的种类

1.When we will start is not clear. ____

2.Mrs Black won’t believe that her son has become a thief.___

3. My idea is that we should do it right now._____

4.I had no idea that you were her friend.____

三、常见引导词：

1）从属连词that只引导,本身无意义,不作句子成分,仅起引导作用。（引导宾语从句时可省,但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句,只能省第一个,引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,that不可省略）

2）连接代词who,whom,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever,whose等，有意义，作成分

3）连接副词where,when,how,why等，有意义，在句中作状语

4）从属连词if,whether（是否）(if 只能引导动词、形容词之后的宾语从句)

1.____he said has nothing to do with you.

2. _________we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon.

3. ____he did such a thing satisfied me. 4_____ we can protect cultural relics needs to be discussed.

四、名词性从句常考考点

1. _________ he said it made us angry. ________ he said at the meeting made us angry.

2. A modern city has been set up in __was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where

考点1：连接词：A: that 与what 的区别

That (a new teacher will come to our school ) is true . What we can’t get seems better than what we have .

that只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分; what既有连接作用，又要在从句中作成分（主语，宾语，表语）(… 的东西;物;话;时间;地点;人物;数目等不同概念)

1.After five hours’ drive, they reached was the place they’d been dreaming of.

2. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at was a dangerous speed.

3. The way he did it was different from we were used to.

4.___________ the earth is round is known to us all.

5. Father made a promise ______ if I passed the examination he would buy me a computer.

B : what (什么) / which ( 表选择, 哪一个)

1. ---Do you know________Mr Black’s address is ?

---He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. I’m not sure of _________.

2. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _______ it was?

高考题选萃

1）____ you don’t like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether

2) __he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A.What B. That C. The fact D. The matter

3) There’s a feeling in me _we’ll never k now what a UFO is -- not ever.

A. that

B. which

C. of which

D. what

考点 2 ：it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法?it 作形式主语

1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。___________________________ is a pity .

2.他来不来不重要。__________________________doesn’t matter.

It is well known/reported/thought/s aid that…It is clear/necessary/certain/true that…

It is a pity/a shame/an honor that…It doesn’t matter whether…It seems that… It happens that…

1. ____is known to all, Taiwan is only part of China. A. As B. That C. Which D. What

2. It is known to all____ Taiwan is only part of China. A. as B. that C. if D. for

3. It was on Sunday ___ I met him. A. that B. when C. what D. which

?. it 作形式宾语***(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that… / to do…*** (2) it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容，常用于这些动词后，like/dislike/love/hate

/appreciate/make+it 后常跟if 或when从句I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .

***(3) depend on it th at…

1. I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one

2.You may depend on ____ that you parents will help you whenever you need it.

A.them

B. yourself

C. it

D. me

考点3 语序问题

1.The photographs will show you ____ ．

A. what does our village look like

B. what our village looks like

C. how does our village look like

D. how our village looks like

2.You can hardly imagine ______when he heard the news .

A. how he was excited

B. how was he excited

C. how excited he was

D. he was how excited

3.He asked____for a violin

A. did I pay how much

B. I paid how much

C. how much did I pay

D. how much I paid

★在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序

4.What time do you think __?

A. will Besty come here

B.Besty will come here

C.is Besty coming here

D.can Besty get here

疑问词+do you think\suggest\believesuppose …+陈述语序

考点4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别

同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词的内容.

定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用The news that she passed the exam excited her parents.

解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。The news that we know from her excited all of us . 修饰限定；that在从句中有成分、作宾语时可以省。

1.The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value.

2. The suggestion that he made is of great value.

3.The fact that he won the first place can’t be denied.

4.The fact that he told me excited me.

注: 1. 同位语从句多用that 引导 2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.

I have no idea where he has gone. I have no idea when he did it. I have no idea what he did.

考点5.选择填空

1._________ was said here must be kept secret.

2. _______we need is more time.

3._______ made the long distance call to him is not important.

4._________ breaks the law will be punished.

请你归纳who,whoever/what, whatever ?

___________________等引导的名词性从句不含有疑问意义，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而____________________等引导的名词性从句都含有疑问意义。

高考题选萃

1.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.

A.Who

B. The one

C. Anyone

D. Whoever

2. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ____ shares her interests.

A.anyone

B. whomever

C.whoever

D.no matter who

注：wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句no matter wh- 只引导让步状丛

3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ____ he or she wants.

A. however

B. whatever

C. whichever

D. whenever

考点6.用if 或whether 填空

1. I don’t know _________I’ll be free tomorrow.

2. The question is ______ this book is worth writing.

3. It depends on ______ we will have enough money.

4. ______ they can do it matters little to us.

a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether，不能用if ；

b.后面紧跟or not 时, 用whether

1.___we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

考点7虚拟语气问题

1.在order，suggest（建议），demand，request，advise，insist(坚持应该)等所接的宾语从句中用should 型虚拟语气。should 常省略。

2.在order，suggestion等名词后同位语从句，表语从句中用should 型虚拟语气，可省略should

3.在as if，as though引导的表语从句中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。

4.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should) +do”,

常用的句型有：（1）It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that...

（2）It is a pity(a shame, no wonder, etc.) that...

（3）It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that...如: It is strange that she (should) think so.

1.It is necessary that a college student ______ at least a foreign language.

A. masters

B. should master

C. mastered

D. will master

2.His suggestion was that we______another meeting to discuss the question.

A. hold

B. would hold

C. held

D. holding

5. wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，

即wish that …did/were…(跟现在相反) ;would +do (跟将来相反) ; had done (跟过去相反);

would rather that sb did sth \ sb had done

I wish that I ____that film star yesterday. A saw B. had seen C would see D has seen

考点8名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：

1. He has done what he can to help me. --He has done ____ ____ he can to help me.

2.What I want to say has nothing to do with it. --__ __ I want to say has nothing to do with it.

3. Whoever breaks the law is to be punished. ______ ______ breaks the law is to be punished.

考点9名词性从句中主句和从句的主谓一致

主语从句做主语相当于单数第三人称作主语，谓语动词用单数，如果由and 连接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时，谓语动词用复数；由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用单数。When the meeting will begin has not been decided yet.

When they will start and where they go have not been decided yet.

When and where they will go for a holiday has not been decided yet.

Practice time.单句改错

1.That the earth turns around the sun are known to all.

2.When the meeting will be held haven’t been known yet.

3.I didn’t know that you will come.

4.He said that he is writing a story.

5.Could you tell me when will he arrive?

6.You can begin to see why does English have such strange rules.

考点10宾语从句中主句和从句的时态

名词性从句中主句和从句的时态根据动词发生的先后顺序判断，但如果从句中表示提示的是客观现象，虽然主句是过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。

Hello, I didn’t know you were in London. How long have you been here?

The teacher told us that light travels at a very high speed.

He told me that he had finished the project.

五. 高考名词性从句考题：

做题三步曲：

步骤一：首先把主句和从句区分开来。步骤二：分析从句缺何种成分。

步骤三：根据分析，选择恰当的连词

1. ____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.

A. It

B. What

C. As

D. Which

2. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved.

A. what

B. why

C. whom

D. which

3. _______was most important to her, she told me, was her family.

A. It

B. This

C. What

D. As

4. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea ____ the party is to be held?

A. what

B. which

C. that

D. where

5. People in Chongqing are proud of ____ they have achieved in the past ten years.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. how

6. The companies are working together to create ____ they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. who

7. As his best friend. I can make accurate guesses about ______ he will do or think.

A. what

B. which

C. whom

D. that

8. It has been proved ______ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.

A. if

B. because

C. when

D. that

五. 高考名词性从句和定语从句考题：

1.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, __they can learn simple games and songs.

A. then

B. there

C. while

D.where

2.__matters most in learning English is enough practice.

A.That

B. Why

C.What

D.Which

3. We shouldn’t have spent our money testing so many people, most of __ are healthy.

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.whom

4.__he referred to in his article was unkown to the general reader.

A.That

B. What

C. Whether

D. Where

5.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __ sight matters more than hearing.

A.when

B.whose

C. which

D.where

6. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make____ it is.

A.what

B.that

C.how

D. where

7.The village has developed a lot ___ we learned farming two years ago.

A.when

B.which

C. that

D.where

8.It is none of your business ___ other people think about you .Believe yourself.

A.how

B.what

C.which

D.when

9.Why not try your luck downtown,Bob? That’s __ the best jobs are.

A. where

B. what

C. when

D. why

10.His movie won several awards at the film festival ,__ was beyond his wildest dream.

A.which

B. that

C.where

D.it

11. The traditional view is __ we sleep because our brain is“programmed ”to make us do so.

A.when

B.why

C. whether

D.that