1972年美国总统尼克松访华

1972年美国总统尼克松访华
1972年美国总统尼克松访华

1972年美国总统尼克松访华

1972年2月21日至28日,美国总统尼克松正式访华。2月28日,中美两国发表了指导两国关系的《中美联合公报》,中美交往的大门终于被打开。尼克松此次访华是20世纪国际外交史上最重大的事件之一。

2月21日,毛泽东主席在中南海会见了尼克松总统。

22日,周恩来总理同尼克松总统在北京人民大会堂举行会谈,就中美关系正常化及双方关心的其他问题进行了讨论。周恩来表示:台湾问题是阻碍两国关系正常化的关键。尼克松表示:美国承认世界上只有一个中国,台湾是中国的一部分。

26日,周恩来总理陪同尼克松总统赴杭州访问。之后,尼克松一行飞往上海。

28日,中美双方在上海签署《中美联合公报》(“上海公报”)。在公报中,双方声明:“中美两国关系走向正常化是符合所有国家的利益的。”在台湾问题上中方重申了“一个中国”的原则,全部美国武装力量和军事设施必须从台湾撤走。美方声明:“对这一立场不提出异议”,并“确认从台湾撤出全部美国武装力量和军事设施的最终目标”。《中美联合公报》是中美两国签署的第一个指导双边关系的文件。它的发表,标志着中美隔绝状态的结束和关系正常化进程的开始。

为促进中美友好关系,中国政府将一对大熊猫“兴兴”和“玲玲”送给美国人民。

作为当年尼克松总统的国家安全事务副助理,美国前国务卿黑格参与了有关“上海公报”的谈判,成为这段珍贵历史的重要见证人。黑格在2002年初接受新华社记者的书面采访时说,尼克松1972年2月的中国之行是他总统任内最伟大的成就之一,也是

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