高考非谓语动词考点分类

高考非谓语动词考点分类

1．不定式的基本形式

否定式: "not to do ".The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operatation.A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating

被动式: "to be done ".Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking

进行式: "to be done". When his father came in, he pretended to be reading.

完成式:"to have done". He seems to have known the truth.

完成被动式:"to have been done". Do let your mother know She appears to have been told all the truth.

2）动词want，refuse ,promise, offer ,,wish，hope，expect，manage，pretend ，agree, decide ,determine, learn，，，等后只能用不定式作宾语。

2）动词want，refuse ,promise, offer ,,wish，hope，expect，manage，pretend ，agree, decide ,determine, learn，，，等后只能用不定式作宾语。

．They pretended to be working very hard．

想要拒绝答应提出的希望，先设法假装同意决心学习，。

1）She hopes____ something from the sale．A．to get B．she is getting C．getting D．she would be getting 2）—“How did James Bornd escape from the locked confine（牢房）？—“Oh，you know he always manages____a tight situation．”

A．to get out of B．getting out of C．to have got him out of D．is getting

4）有些动词，如remember，forget，regret，stop，try，mean，go on 等，后接动名词或不定式，意思差别很大. 如：

5) require (need, want) +doing = require(need, want)+to be done

My watch needs repairing= my watch needs to be repaired. The houses need rebuilding= the houses need to be rebuilt.

[高考链接]

①When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _______ at the party, but not ______.(2005北京卷)

A.to arrive; leaving

B. to arrive; to leave

C. arriving; leaving

D. arriving; to leave

②After he became conscious,he remembered______and______on the head with a rod.(2006江西卷)

A.to attack;hit

B.to be attacked;to be hit

C. attacking;be hit

D.having been attacked;hit

③ i f you think that treating a woman well means always___her permission for things,think again.(06湖南)

A.gets

B.got

C.to get

D.getting

④I can't stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses______ talking while she works. (2006北京卷)

A. working ; stopping

B. to work ; stopping

C. working ; to stop

D. to work ; to stop

⑤ 1. I don’t want ____like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.(2005天津卷)

A.to sound

B.to be sounded

C.sounding

D.to have sounded

⑥It is difficult to imagine his________the decision without any consideration. (06陕西)A.accept B.accepting

C.to accept

D.accepted

⑦--- There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. (2006江苏卷)--- My goodness! I can't imagine _________ that old.

A. to be

B. to have been

C.being

D. having been

⑧.—Robert is indeed a wise man.—Oh, yes. How often I have regretted ______ his advice! (2007安徽卷)

A. to take

B. taking

C. not to take

D. not taking

⑨. —Can I smoke here —Sorry. We don't allow ______ here. (07江苏)A. people smoking B. people smoke C. to smoke D. smoking

⑩.Isn't it time you got down to______ the papers (2006重庆卷)A.mark B.be marked C.being marked D.marking 11. You can't imagine what difficulty we had ______ home in the snowstorm. (2007辽宁卷)A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking

1. 不定式做定语：多表示将来的动作。被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last等限定词时，用不定式做定语。如：the first woman to set foot on the moon He asked to be the first to be examined.①—The last one __________________ pays the meal. —Agreed! (2007全国卷I)A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving

②The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games______in Beijing in 2008. (2006四川卷)A.hold B.holding

C.held

D.to be held

1．不定式作状语表示目的、结果, 原因。

1）表目的。（非谓语中只有不定式表目的）可在to前面加上so as (不放句首), 或in order，也可转化为目的状语从句。

He had to get up early so as (in order ) to catch the first bus. He had to get up early so ( in order) that he could catch the first bus.

①_______ a teacher in a university, it is necessary to have at least a master's degree.(1995.1)

A. To become

B. Become

C. One becomes

D. On becoming

②When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there_____ for a space flight.(2007江西卷)

A.training

B.being trained

C.to have trained

D.to be trained

③The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.(2007浙江卷)

A. to be heard

B. to have heard

C. hearing

D. being heard

④.It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the sports stars.(2005上海卷)

A. had

B. having

C. to have

D. have

⑤.—Can the project be finished as planned —Sure, _________it completed in time, we'll work two more hours a day.(2005福建卷)

A.having got

B.to get

C.getting

D.get

⑥._______ more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.(05浙江)A.To find out B.Finding out C.Find out

D.Having found out

⑦. _________ this cake, you'll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour. (2006广东卷)A. Having made B. Make

C. To make

D. Making

⑧.There is nothing more I can try ______ you to stay, so I wish you good luck. (2007上海卷)

A. being persuaded

B. persuading

C. to be persuaded

D. to persuade

2）表结果。

(1) 一般后面动词为find, hear, learn, see, be told/ informed等。若加only则表示意外或不幸的结果。

He went home (only) to find nobody in. I ran to the station only to find the train gone.

①The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left.(2004福建卷)A. to tell B. to be told

C. telling

D. told

②He hurried to the station only ____ that the train had left.(2005广东卷)A. to have found B. finding C. found D. to find

③He hurried to the booking office only________that all the tickets had been sold out. (06全国)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told

(2) 用于enough…to, too…to…,such…as to …, so …as to…结构中。

The box is big enough to hold all the books. He was in such a bad state as to be unable to do the work well.

现在分词表结果,表示的是谓语动词的直接结果，是自然而然或不可避免的结果。

He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。

European football is played in 80 countries, making it the most popular sports in the world

Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _________a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April

4. (山东卷)

B. reaching

C. to reach

D. to be reaching

（1）接to do 作宾补动词: warn, ask, allow, permit, order, tell, advise, expect, wish, force, beg, invite, encourage, persuade等.

①Mrs Smith warned her daughter _________ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive

②The teacher asked us ______so much noise. (2003北京卷)A. don't make B. not make C. not making D. not to make

③.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots. (03年上海)

A. to issue

B. being issued

C. to have issued

D. to be issued

（2）接不带to 的不定式作宾补动词: 吾看三室两厅一感觉

五看—look at, see, watch, notice, observe; 三使---have, make let ; (二听) hear，listen to一感觉—feel 注意：被动式中要带to

[省略的其他情况]

★两个或两个以上的动词不定式由连词and , 从第二个不定式起，往往省略不定式符号to .

She 'd like to take off her coat and have a break.. The students are taught to read, write and do many other things.

★不定式作表语，系动词前有do时，往往可以省略动词不定式符号to例如：

The first thing she did was go up to her trainer and thank her for all her help during her training.

What we want to do now is lie down and rest.

★动词help后to 可带可不带: Would you like to help me(to)carry the luggage?

“除了做…别无选择，不得不做…,只能做…”（特点：有do不带to）

①there is /have nothing to do but do ②(can ) do nothing but do ③cannot choose but do ④cannot help but do ⑤cannot but do

She did nothing but wash some clothes that day. //There seemed nothing else to do but send for the doctor.

[高考链接]

①—Excuse me sir,where is Room 301 —Just a minute.I'll have Bob ____you to your room. (2007北京卷)

A.show

B.shows

C. to show

D. showing

②My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. (2007江苏卷)

A.feeling well

B. feeling good

C. feel well

D. feel good

③They knew her very well. They had seen her _____ up. A.grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow

④．John was made _____ the truck for a week as a punishment. A. to wash B. washing C. wash D. to be washing

⑤．My advisor encouraged_____a summer course to improve my writing skills. (2004北京卷)

A. for me taking

B.me taking

C.for me to take

D. me to take

⑤. Paul doesn’t have to be made_____. He always works hard. (1995全国卷) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

⑥. I smell something _______ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute (07全国)A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt

⑦. After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother's voice ______ him. (07上海)A. calling B. called C.

being called D. to call

⑧You should understand the traffic rule by now. 8.You've had it ____ often enough.(2005天津卷)

A. explaining

B. to explain

C. explain

D. explained

⑧Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _____in a short period. (2007福建卷)

A.improved

B.improving

C.to improve

D.improve

1．不定式主动形式表示被动：

1）不定式作定语时，在“there be＋名词＋不定式”结构、“have＋名词＋不定式”结构或with复合结构(见上文)中。

Have you a letter to send? (你自己寄) 区别于：Have you a letter to be sent? (我替你寄)

With a lot of difficult problems ___________ ，the newly-elected president is having a hard time．（2002上海高考）

A．settled B．settling C．to settle D．being settled

2）不定式在形容词后面，译为“…起来”，用主动形式表示被动含义

I found this problem difficult (for me) to work out. Your question is difficult to answer.

The chair looks rather hard，but in fact it is very comfortable to _________. A）sit B）sit on C）be sat D）be sat on

3) 另外be to blame表"责怪"，blame主动形式表示被动含义。He is to blame for coming late. This house is to let.

不定式完成式常见用法

1. “to have done”或“to have been done”，表该动作已完成，如：I'm sorry to have kept you so long.

be said to have done的意思为"据说已经做了某事".，动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前

①：Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don't know what country he studied in. (NMET 1999)

A. to have studied

B. to study

C. to be studying

D. to have been studying

②--- Is Bob still performing ---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official(2005江苏卷)

A. to have left

B. to leave

C. to have been left

D. to be left

③Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to____ since the flood hit the area last Friday.(2006年山东卷)

A. have been missing

B. have got lost

C. be missing

D. get lost

④The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the

110-meter hurdle race. (07辽宁) A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break

2、用于hoped，wished，wanted，expected，meant，planned等表示“希望”等含义的动词过去式，以及was，were，would like之后，表示未曾实现的希望或计划。

I hoped to have gone to his help yesterday, but I was too busy then.

The plane was to have taken off at 8 am; it was the heavy rain that delayed its leaving.

题34：I would love ___ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.(NMET 1997)

A. to go

B. to have gone

C. going

D. having gone

3. ought to have done表“本该做…却未做”= be supposed to have done ；oughtn't to have done表“ 本不该

做…却做了”。

You ought to have finished your work by now. But why haven't you? You oughtn't to have helped him yesterday.

题35：Tom ought not to___ me your secret, but he meant no harm. (NMET 1993) A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told

五、There be 非谓语形式

常用于下列动词后expect, hate, want, wish宾语

I don't want there to be anyone knowing my secret.

[题1]。The students expected there __ more reviewing classes before the fanil exam. (1991年题30)

A. is

B. being

C. have been

D. to be

[题2]。Do you expect ___ to be a chance that he will get a scholarship to the key university? A. there B it C. that D. one

考点一:不定式的时态和语态

1．be said to have done的意思为"据说已经做了某事".动词不定式表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前

①---- Is Bob still performing ---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official(2005江苏卷)

A. to have left

B. to leave

C. to have been left

D. to be left

②Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to____ since the flood hit the area last Friday.(2006年山东卷)

A. have been missing

B. have got lost

C. be missing

D. get lost

③The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang, who was reported ______ the world record in the 110-meter hurdle race. (2007辽宁卷)A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. break

2. 动词不定式与only 连用表示未曾预料的结果,to be done 不定式的被动语态

①The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ____ the film stars had left.(2004福建卷)A. to tell B. to be told

C. telling

D. told

②He hurried to the station only ____ that the train had left.(2005广东卷)A. to have found B. finding C. found D. to find

③He hurried to the booking office only________that all the tickets had been sold out. (06全国)A.to tell B.to be told C.telling D.told

④As the twentieth century came to a close ,the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting___________.(06湖南)

A.to use

B.to be used

C.to have used

D.to be using

⑤It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness______.(2006江西卷)

A.to make

B.to be made

C.making

D.being made

⑥The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games______in Beijing in 2008. (2006四川卷)A.hold B.holding

C.held

D.to be held

⑦It remains ________ whether Jim'll be fit enough to play in the finals. (2006浙江卷)A.seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see

⑧When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there for a space flight.(2007江西卷)

A.training

B.being trained

C.to have trained

D.to be trained

⑨The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.(2007浙江卷)

A. to be heard

B. to have heard

C. hearing

D. being heard